Facile preparation of silicon/carbon composite with porous architecture for advanced lithium-ion battery anode

IF 4.5 3区 化学 Q1 Chemical Engineering Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry Pub Date : 2023-05-15 DOI:10.1016/j.jelechem.2023.117427
Haofeng Shi , Wenyuan Zhang , Donghua Wang , Jiashuai Wang , Chengdeng Wang , Zhihao Xiong , Fu-Rong Chen , Hailiang Dong , Bingshe Xu , Xiaoqin Yan
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Abstract

Silicon is a potential anode material for Li battery due to its high theoretical specific capacity (4200 mAh g−1). However, Si is hampered for practical application in Li-battery due to its enormous volume alternation causing instability. Herein, we demonstrated a novel carbon-coated porous structure (C@void/Si-G) synthesized by uniformly wrapping Si into pitch pyrolytic carbon shells and then in-situ removing the sodium chloride template can overcome the bottleneck. It is worth noting that our process for C@void/Si-G also offers a simple route for cost down and mass production of anode material. The C@void/Si-G anodes exhibit an excellent capacity of 1082.7 mAh g−1 at 0.2 C after 200 cycles. Furthermore, it holds a high capacity retention of 81.9 % after 500 cycles at 0.5 C. We found that C@void/Si-G composite only rises about 41% volumetric expansion during 500 operation cycles. This can effectively avoid direct contact between silicon and electrolyte to form a stable solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) film. Especially, practical application of the C@void/Si-G anode is demonstrated in a full cell pairing with LiNi0.3Co0.3Mn0.3O2 cathode. The full cell presents great cycle retention of 90.1 % at 0.2 C after 100 cycles and a high energy density (446 Wh kg−1).

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先进锂离子电池负极用多孔结构硅/碳复合材料的制备
硅具有较高的理论比容量(4200 mAh g−1),是锂电池极具潜力的负极材料。然而,由于其巨大的体积变化导致不稳定性,阻碍了硅在锂电池中的实际应用。在此,我们展示了一种新的碳包覆多孔结构(C@void/Si- g),通过将Si均匀包裹在沥青热解碳壳中,然后原位去除氯化钠模板,可以克服瓶颈。值得注意的是,我们的C@void/Si-G工艺也为降低成本和大规模生产阳极材料提供了一条简单的途径。C@void/Si-G阳极在0.2℃下循环200次后表现出1082.7 mAh g−1的优异容量。此外,在0.5 c下循环500次后,它的容量保持率高达81.9%。我们发现C@void/Si-G复合材料在500次循环中只增加了约41%的体积膨胀。这可以有效避免硅与电解质的直接接触,形成稳定的固体电解质界面(SEI)膜。特别是在与LiNi0.3Co0.3Mn0.3O2阴极的全电池配对中,展示了C@void/Si-G阳极的实际应用。在0.2℃下,经过100次循环,完整的电池具有90.1%的循环保留率和高能量密度(446 Wh kg−1)。
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来源期刊
Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry
Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry Chemical Engineering-General Chemical Engineering
CiteScore
7.50
自引率
6.70%
发文量
912
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: The Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry is the foremost international journal devoted to the interdisciplinary subject of electrochemistry in all its aspects, theoretical as well as applied. Electrochemistry is a wide ranging area that is in a state of continuous evolution. Rather than compiling a long list of topics covered by the Journal, the editors would like to draw particular attention to the key issues of novelty, topicality and quality. Papers should present new and interesting electrochemical science in a way that is accessible to the reader. The presentation and discussion should be at a level that is consistent with the international status of the Journal. Reports describing the application of well-established techniques to problems that are essentially technical will not be accepted. Similarly, papers that report observations but fail to provide adequate interpretation will be rejected by the Editors. Papers dealing with technical electrochemistry should be submitted to other specialist journals unless the authors can show that their work provides substantially new insights into electrochemical processes.
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