Pub Date : 2026-04-01DOI: 10.7860/JCDR/2026/21097.23390
[This retracts the article DOI: 10.7860/JCDR/2017/21097.9181.].
[本文撤回文章DOI: 10.7860/JCDR/2017/21097.9181.]。
{"title":"Retraction.","authors":"","doi":"10.7860/JCDR/2026/21097.23390","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7860/JCDR/2026/21097.23390","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This retracts the article DOI: 10.7860/JCDR/2017/21097.9181.].</p>","PeriodicalId":15483,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC RESEARCH","volume":"20 4","pages":"ZZ01"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13134666/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147838725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-01DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2025/79511.22124
Diksha Samsukha, Rohidas T Borse, Meenal Chandanwale
Hashimoto’s encephalopathy is a rare manifestation of a common autoimmune disease, characterised classically by its association with autoimmune thyroid disease and responsiveness to steroids. Usual clinical manifestations include a relapsing-remitting course of seizures, stroke-like episodes, cognitive decline, neuropsychiatric symptoms and myoclonus. Diagnosis requires raised Thyroid Peroxidase (TPO) antibody titre and exclusion of other encephalopathies, including neuronal surface and paraneoplastic antibodies. Here, we delve into a case of Hashimoto’s encephalopathy for: 1) its rare linkage to an Autoimmune Polyendocrine Syndrome (APS); and 2) an uncommon manifestation in the form of Parkinsonism. We report a case of a 45-year-old male with previously diagnosed hypothyroidism, vitiligo and likely adrenal tuberculosis. The current presentation included a fluctuating sensorium with gradually declining mobility and all classical features of Parkinsonism. Investigations revealed hyponatraemia owing to decreased morning serum cortisol levels, normal thyroid profile, and a normal Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) analysis. The Electroencephalogram (EEG) showed generalised slowing. The autoimmune and paraneoplastic encephalitis panel was negative. A raised anti-TPO antibody level clinched the diagnosis of Hashimoto encephalopathy associated with APS (Autoimmune thyroid disease, vitiligo and autoimmune adrenalitis). He showed remarkable improvement with steroids, thyroxine and levodopa-carbidopa. On follow-up, the patient showed marked improvement in bradykinesia, tremors and rigidity. This rare case underscores the importance of suspicion of rare manifestations in relatively common and potentially reversible disorders.
{"title":"Parkinsonism as a Rare Manifestation of Section Hashimoto Encephalopathy Associated with Autoimmune Polyendocrine Syndrome: A Case Report","authors":"Diksha Samsukha, Rohidas T Borse, Meenal Chandanwale","doi":"10.7860/jcdr/2025/79511.22124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7860/jcdr/2025/79511.22124","url":null,"abstract":"Hashimoto’s encephalopathy is a rare manifestation of a common autoimmune disease, characterised classically by its association with autoimmune thyroid disease and responsiveness to steroids. Usual clinical manifestations include a relapsing-remitting course of seizures, stroke-like episodes, cognitive decline, neuropsychiatric symptoms and myoclonus. Diagnosis requires raised Thyroid Peroxidase (TPO) antibody titre and exclusion of other encephalopathies, including neuronal surface and paraneoplastic antibodies. Here, we delve into a case of Hashimoto’s encephalopathy for: 1) its rare linkage to an Autoimmune Polyendocrine Syndrome (APS); and 2) an uncommon manifestation in the form of Parkinsonism. We report a case of a 45-year-old male with previously diagnosed hypothyroidism, vitiligo and likely adrenal tuberculosis. The current presentation included a fluctuating sensorium with gradually declining mobility and all classical features of Parkinsonism. Investigations revealed hyponatraemia owing to decreased morning serum cortisol levels, normal thyroid profile, and a normal Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) analysis. The Electroencephalogram (EEG) showed generalised slowing. The autoimmune and paraneoplastic encephalitis panel was negative. A raised anti-TPO antibody level clinched the diagnosis of Hashimoto encephalopathy associated with APS (Autoimmune thyroid disease, vitiligo and autoimmune adrenalitis). He showed remarkable improvement with steroids, thyroxine and levodopa-carbidopa. On follow-up, the patient showed marked improvement in bradykinesia, tremors and rigidity. This rare case underscores the importance of suspicion of rare manifestations in relatively common and potentially reversible disorders.","PeriodicalId":15483,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC RESEARCH","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147912037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-08-01DOI: 10.7860/JCDR/2025/23927.21426
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.7860/JCDR/2017/23927.9886.].
[这更正了文章DOI: 10.7860/JCDR/2017/23927.9886.]。
{"title":"Correction.","authors":"","doi":"10.7860/JCDR/2025/23927.21426","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7860/JCDR/2025/23927.21426","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.7860/JCDR/2017/23927.9886.].</p>","PeriodicalId":15483,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC RESEARCH","volume":"19 8","pages":"ZZ01"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12419178/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145029900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2024/69709.20267
Samruddhi Dhanaji Chougale, Anita Tulshiramji Anokar, Amarnath Prasad, Uma A Deshpande, Sashi Bhushan, Ashish A Dhotre, Kiran Vadapalli
Introduction: Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has increased the burden of hospitalised pneumonia cases and related complications. Spontaneous Pneumothorax (PT) and Pneumomediastinum (PM) have been reported in both spontaneously breathing and ventilated patients with COVID19 pneumonia. Aim: To determine the incidence and outcomes of spontaneous alveolar air leak events in COVID-19 pneumonia. Materials and Methods: This prospective cohort study was carried out from June 2020 to June 2021 at a tertiary care centre in Western India. All incident cases of alveolar air leaks in COVID-19 pneumonia were included. Clinical and demographic data were collected, and statistical analysis was performed. The Chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test were used to assess the differences in subgroup proportions. Results: A total of 79 patients (63 males and 16 females) experienced spontaneous alveolar air leaks in the form of PT, PM (mediastinal emphysema), or Subcutaneous Emphysema (SE), either isolated or in combination. A total of 58 patients (73.41%) had PT, while 8 patients (10.12%) had isolated PM and 2 patients (2.53%) had isolated SE. Of the total events, 35 (44.30%) occurred in spontaneously breathing patients, among them vigorous coughing was an important precipitating factor. At the time of the incident, 1.27%, 21.52%, and 77.21% of the affected cases belonged to mild, moderate, and severe COVID19 categories, respectively. Male patients (n-63, 79.74%) in the age group of 30-60 years were predominantly affected. A total of 38 events (48.10%) occurred within two weeks (early) of symptom onset. The PaO2 :FiO2 ratio at the time of the alveolar leak showed a significant association with the outcome. Patients with PT had a poorer outcome compared to those with other types of alveolar leaks (p-value<0.005). Major bleeding occurred in 2 (3.33%) of the total 60 Intercostal Drainage (ICD) procedures. Prolonged alveolo-pleural fistula healed spontaneously in four out of five cases. The cumulative incidence for air leak events was 1.55%, and for barotrauma, it was 6.47%. The overall mortality in this cohort was 74.68% (n=59), while it was 29.41% (5 out of 17) in the moderate severity group. Patients with lateonset events had a better outcome (p-value<0.005). Conclusion: In this cohort of COVID-19 pneumonia from Western India, the cumulative incidence of spontaneous alveolar air leaks was 1.55%, predominantly affecting males. The early occurrence of PT in severely hypoxic patients on mechanical ventilator was associated with higher mortality.
{"title":"Incidence and Outcome of Spontaneous Alveolar Air Leak Events in COVID-19 Pneumonia: A Prospective Cohort Study","authors":"Samruddhi Dhanaji Chougale, Anita Tulshiramji Anokar, Amarnath Prasad, Uma A Deshpande, Sashi Bhushan, Ashish A Dhotre, Kiran Vadapalli","doi":"10.7860/jcdr/2024/69709.20267","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7860/jcdr/2024/69709.20267","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has increased the burden of hospitalised pneumonia cases and related complications. Spontaneous Pneumothorax (PT) and Pneumomediastinum (PM) have been reported in both spontaneously breathing and ventilated patients with COVID19 pneumonia. Aim: To determine the incidence and outcomes of spontaneous alveolar air leak events in COVID-19 pneumonia. Materials and Methods: This prospective cohort study was carried out from June 2020 to June 2021 at a tertiary care centre in Western India. All incident cases of alveolar air leaks in COVID-19 pneumonia were included. Clinical and demographic data were collected, and statistical analysis was performed. The Chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test were used to assess the differences in subgroup proportions. Results: A total of 79 patients (63 males and 16 females) experienced spontaneous alveolar air leaks in the form of PT, PM (mediastinal emphysema), or Subcutaneous Emphysema (SE), either isolated or in combination. A total of 58 patients (73.41%) had PT, while 8 patients (10.12%) had isolated PM and 2 patients (2.53%) had isolated SE. Of the total events, 35 (44.30%) occurred in spontaneously breathing patients, among them vigorous coughing was an important precipitating factor. At the time of the incident, 1.27%, 21.52%, and 77.21% of the affected cases belonged to mild, moderate, and severe COVID19 categories, respectively. Male patients (n-63, 79.74%) in the age group of 30-60 years were predominantly affected. A total of 38 events (48.10%) occurred within two weeks (early) of symptom onset. The PaO2 :FiO2 ratio at the time of the alveolar leak showed a significant association with the outcome. Patients with PT had a poorer outcome compared to those with other types of alveolar leaks (p-value<0.005). Major bleeding occurred in 2 (3.33%) of the total 60 Intercostal Drainage (ICD) procedures. Prolonged alveolo-pleural fistula healed spontaneously in four out of five cases. The cumulative incidence for air leak events was 1.55%, and for barotrauma, it was 6.47%. The overall mortality in this cohort was 74.68% (n=59), while it was 29.41% (5 out of 17) in the moderate severity group. Patients with lateonset events had a better outcome (p-value<0.005). Conclusion: In this cohort of COVID-19 pneumonia from Western India, the cumulative incidence of spontaneous alveolar air leaks was 1.55%, predominantly affecting males. The early occurrence of PT in severely hypoxic patients on mechanical ventilator was associated with higher mortality.","PeriodicalId":15483,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC RESEARCH","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147918044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-01DOI: 10.7860/JCDR/2023/20989.18507
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.7860/JCDR/2017/20989.9533.].
[这更正了文章DOI:10.7860/JCDR/2017/20989.9533。]。
{"title":"Correction.","authors":"","doi":"10.7860/JCDR/2023/20989.18507","DOIUrl":"10.7860/JCDR/2023/20989.18507","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.7860/JCDR/2017/20989.9533.].</p>","PeriodicalId":15483,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC RESEARCH","volume":"17 9","pages":"ZZ02"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10594989/pdf/jcdr-17-ZZ02.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50158006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.7860/JCDR/2023/7403.18415
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.7860/JCDR/2014/7403.4521.].
[这更正了文章DOI:10.7860/JCDR/2014/7403.4521.]。
{"title":"Correction.","authors":"","doi":"10.7860/JCDR/2023/7403.18415","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7860/JCDR/2023/7403.18415","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.7860/JCDR/2014/7403.4521.].</p>","PeriodicalId":15483,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC RESEARCH","volume":"17 9","pages":"ZZ01"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10538858/pdf/jcdr-17-ZZ01.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41130395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-01DOI: 10.7860/JCDR/2023/6877.18326
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.7860/JCDR/2014/6877.3916.].
[这更正了文章DOI:10.7860/JCDR/2014/6877.3916。]。
{"title":"Correction.","authors":"","doi":"10.7860/JCDR/2023/6877.18326","DOIUrl":"10.7860/JCDR/2023/6877.18326","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.7860/JCDR/2014/6877.3916.].</p>","PeriodicalId":15483,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC RESEARCH","volume":"17 8","pages":"ZZ01"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10519395/pdf/jcdr-17-ZZ01.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41112690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-01DOI: 10.7860/JCDR/2023/9635.17974
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.7860/JCDR/2014/9635.4771.].
[此更正文章DOI: 10.7860/JCDR/2014/9635.4771.]。
{"title":"Correction.","authors":"","doi":"10.7860/JCDR/2023/9635.17974","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7860/JCDR/2023/9635.17974","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.7860/JCDR/2014/9635.4771.].</p>","PeriodicalId":15483,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC RESEARCH","volume":"17 5","pages":"ZZ01"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10202217/pdf/jcdr-17-ZZ01.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9504392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2023/60293.17963
Samprada Y Tank, Jimmy Kagathara
Introduction: According to the definition of Rational Use of Medicine (RUM), patients must receive pharmaceuticals that are “suitable to their clinical needs, in doses that fit their own specific requirements, for an adequate period of time, and at the lowest cost to them and their community”. By prescribing the proper medications in the proper dosages, doctors can influence the health and well-being of their patients. Aim: To evaluate the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of interns and resident doctors towards RUM in tertiary care center, Jamnagar, Gujarat. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional, questionnaire-based study was conducted in August 2022 in Guru Gobind Singh Government Hospital, Jamnagar, Gujarat. Total 149 first year postgraduate students (residents doctors) from different specialties and 205 intern students of a tertiary care teaching hospital were included in the study. A questionnaire was administered, which included the questions regarding socio-demographic profile, use of Essential Medicines (EM), RUM, concept of Personal drugs (P-drug) and source of drug information. Data were statistically analysed using Chi-square test. Results: Mean age of Resident Doctors was 24.55±1.74 years while of interns was 22.86±1.27 years. Eighteen (12.08%) residents and 9 (4.39%) interns knew what the phrase RUM meant. At their place of employment, the National Model Essential Drug List was accessible to 12 (5.6%) interns and 16 (10.73%) residents. Out of total, 190 (92.68%) interns and 143 (95.97%) residents were able to identify the components of the prescription slip accurately. The word P-drug was known to roughly 74 (36.09%) interns and 34 (22.81%) residents, of which 45 (21.95%) interns and 27 (18.12%) residents were aware of the Safety, Tolerability, Efficacy, Price (STEP) criteria for P-drug selection. Conclusion: Majority of the responders seem to be aware of the concept of EM and RUM, while the word P-drug seems to be quite unknown to the responders. However, majority of responders prescribed EM which are old drugs. Since, the awareness of RUM among interns and residents was found to be inadequate it has critical importance to hold educational activities with the cooperation of physicians, health organisations, universities to avoid negative consequences of irrational drug use.
{"title":"Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Rational Use of Medicine among Interns and Resident Doctors in Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital of Western City of Gujarat: A Cross-sectional Study","authors":"Samprada Y Tank, Jimmy Kagathara","doi":"10.7860/jcdr/2023/60293.17963","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7860/jcdr/2023/60293.17963","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: According to the definition of Rational Use of Medicine (RUM), patients must receive pharmaceuticals that are “suitable to their clinical needs, in doses that fit their own specific requirements, for an adequate period of time, and at the lowest cost to them and their community”. By prescribing the proper medications in the proper dosages, doctors can influence the health and well-being of their patients. Aim: To evaluate the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of interns and resident doctors towards RUM in tertiary care center, Jamnagar, Gujarat. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional, questionnaire-based study was conducted in August 2022 in Guru Gobind Singh Government Hospital, Jamnagar, Gujarat. Total 149 first year postgraduate students (residents doctors) from different specialties and 205 intern students of a tertiary care teaching hospital were included in the study. A questionnaire was administered, which included the questions regarding socio-demographic profile, use of Essential Medicines (EM), RUM, concept of Personal drugs (P-drug) and source of drug information. Data were statistically analysed using Chi-square test. Results: Mean age of Resident Doctors was 24.55±1.74 years while of interns was 22.86±1.27 years. Eighteen (12.08%) residents and 9 (4.39%) interns knew what the phrase RUM meant. At their place of employment, the National Model Essential Drug List was accessible to 12 (5.6%) interns and 16 (10.73%) residents. Out of total, 190 (92.68%) interns and 143 (95.97%) residents were able to identify the components of the prescription slip accurately. The word P-drug was known to roughly 74 (36.09%) interns and 34 (22.81%) residents, of which 45 (21.95%) interns and 27 (18.12%) residents were aware of the Safety, Tolerability, Efficacy, Price (STEP) criteria for P-drug selection. Conclusion: Majority of the responders seem to be aware of the concept of EM and RUM, while the word P-drug seems to be quite unknown to the responders. However, majority of responders prescribed EM which are old drugs. Since, the awareness of RUM among interns and residents was found to be inadequate it has critical importance to hold educational activities with the cooperation of physicians, health organisations, universities to avoid negative consequences of irrational drug use.","PeriodicalId":15483,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC RESEARCH","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90342008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2023/63911.17997
K. E. V. Rao, Rama Devi Avula, P. Sirikonda, R. Katikireddi
Introduction: The caroticoclinoid ligament extends from the Anterior Clinoid Process (ACP) to the Middle Clinoid Process (MCP). Occasionally, it gets ossified and forms the caroticoclinoid foramen. Anterior clinoidectomy is a common surgical procedure to treat internal carotid artery aneurysms or pituitary tumours. Abnormal ossification of the caroticoclinoid ligament may lead to intraoperative or postoperative complications as it is not normally present. Aim: To find out the incidence of ossification of the caroticoclinoid ligament in adult human skulls. Materials and Methods: This was an observational crosssectional study that included 100 dry adult human skulls collected from the Department of Anatomy, Gandhi Medical College, Secunderabad; Osmania Medical College, Hyderabad; Bhaskar Medical College, Moinabad, Telangana, India, from January 2021 to February 2023. Adult human skulls with open vault were included. All the skulls were observed and skulls damaged in the clinoid regions were excluded from the study. The skulls were observed for the presence of any ossifications of the caroticoclinoid ligaments and the observations were noted. The qualitative data was presented as number and percentage was calculated. The data was recorded in MS excel version 2021. Results: The incidence of ossification of caroticoclinoid ligament was 8 (8%). The incidence was higher on right-side when compared to the left-side. Bilateral complete ossification of the caroticoclinoid ligament was observed in 2 (2%) skulls; bilateral incomplete ossification was observed in 3 (3%) skulls, unilateral complete ossification was observed in 2 (2%) skulls on the right-side. In one skull 1 (1%), complete ossification was observed on the right-side and incomplete ossification was observed on the left-side. Conclusion: Knowledge of the ossification of the caroticoclinoid ligament is important for neurosurgeons while performing anterior clinoidectomies or skull base surgeries. Radiological confirmation of the ossification of the caroticoclinoid ligament is essential to avoid complications.
{"title":"Incidence of Ossification of Caroticoclinoid Ligament in Dry Adult Human Skulls with its Surgical Implications: A Cross-sectional Study from Telangana Region, India","authors":"K. E. V. Rao, Rama Devi Avula, P. Sirikonda, R. Katikireddi","doi":"10.7860/jcdr/2023/63911.17997","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7860/jcdr/2023/63911.17997","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The caroticoclinoid ligament extends from the Anterior Clinoid Process (ACP) to the Middle Clinoid Process (MCP). Occasionally, it gets ossified and forms the caroticoclinoid foramen. Anterior clinoidectomy is a common surgical procedure to treat internal carotid artery aneurysms or pituitary tumours. Abnormal ossification of the caroticoclinoid ligament may lead to intraoperative or postoperative complications as it is not normally present. Aim: To find out the incidence of ossification of the caroticoclinoid ligament in adult human skulls. Materials and Methods: This was an observational crosssectional study that included 100 dry adult human skulls collected from the Department of Anatomy, Gandhi Medical College, Secunderabad; Osmania Medical College, Hyderabad; Bhaskar Medical College, Moinabad, Telangana, India, from January 2021 to February 2023. Adult human skulls with open vault were included. All the skulls were observed and skulls damaged in the clinoid regions were excluded from the study. The skulls were observed for the presence of any ossifications of the caroticoclinoid ligaments and the observations were noted. The qualitative data was presented as number and percentage was calculated. The data was recorded in MS excel version 2021. Results: The incidence of ossification of caroticoclinoid ligament was 8 (8%). The incidence was higher on right-side when compared to the left-side. Bilateral complete ossification of the caroticoclinoid ligament was observed in 2 (2%) skulls; bilateral incomplete ossification was observed in 3 (3%) skulls, unilateral complete ossification was observed in 2 (2%) skulls on the right-side. In one skull 1 (1%), complete ossification was observed on the right-side and incomplete ossification was observed on the left-side. Conclusion: Knowledge of the ossification of the caroticoclinoid ligament is important for neurosurgeons while performing anterior clinoidectomies or skull base surgeries. Radiological confirmation of the ossification of the caroticoclinoid ligament is essential to avoid complications.","PeriodicalId":15483,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC RESEARCH","volume":"61 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90796482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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