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Dye tracing of upward brine migration in snow 对雪中盐水向上迁移的染色追踪
IF 2.9 4区 地球科学 Q2 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL Pub Date : 2024-09-19 DOI: 10.1017/aog.2024.27
Robbie Mallett, Vishnu Nandan, Julienne Stroeve, Rosemary Willatt, Monojit Saha, John Yackel, Gaëlle Veysière, Jeremy Wilkinson

Salt is often present in the snow overlying seasonal sea ice, and has profound thermodynamic and electromagnetic effects. However, its provenance and behaviour within the snow remain uncertain. We describe two investigations tracing upward brine movement in snow: one conducted in the laboratory and one in the field. The laboratory experiments involved the addition of dyed brine to the base of terrestrial snow samples, with subsequent wicking being measured. Our field experiment involved dye being added directly (without brine) to bare sea-ice and lake ice surfaces, with snow then accumulating on top over several days. On the sea ice, the dye migrated upwards into the snow by up to 5 cm as the snow's basal layer became more salty, whereas no migration occurred in our control experiment over non-saline lake ice. This occurred in relatively dry snowpacks where brine took up $< 6%$ of the snow's calculated pore volume, suggesting pore saturation is not required for upward salt transport. Our results highlight the potential role of microstructural parameters beyond those currently retrievable with penetrometry, and the potential value of longitudinal, process-based field studies of young snowpacks.

盐通常存在于季节性海冰上覆的积雪中,具有深远的热力学和电磁效应。然而,盐在雪中的来源和行为仍不确定。我们介绍了两项追踪盐水在雪中向上运动的研究:一项在实验室进行,另一项在野外进行。实验室实验是在陆地雪样的底部加入染色盐水,然后测量随后的吸水情况。我们的野外实验是在裸露的海冰和湖冰表面直接添加染料(不加盐水),然后在上面积雪数天。在海冰上,随着雪的基底层含盐量增加,染料向上迁移到雪中达 5 厘米,而在非盐湖冰上进行的对照实验中,染料没有发生迁移。这种情况发生在相对干燥的雪堆中,盐水占据了雪堆计算孔隙体积的6%,这表明盐分向上迁移并不需要孔隙饱和。我们的研究结果凸显了微观结构参数的潜在作用,这些参数超出了目前可通过渗透测量法获取的参数,也凸显了对年轻雪堆进行纵向、基于过程的实地研究的潜在价值。
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引用次数: 0
Automated Sentinel-1 ice type mapping and in-situ validation during the CIRFA-22 cruise CIRFA-22 巡航期间的自动哨兵-1 冰类型绘图和现场验证
IF 2.9 4区 地球科学 Q1 Earth and Planetary Sciences Pub Date : 2024-05-13 DOI: 10.1017/aog.2024.23
Johannes Lohse, Catherine Taelman, Alistair Everett, Nick Hughes
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引用次数: 0
Cryoconite holes geomorphometry, spatial distribution and radiative impact over the Hells Gate Ice Shelf (East Antarctica) 地狱门冰架(南极洲东部)上的冰洞地貌、空间分布和辐射影响
IF 2.9 4区 地球科学 Q1 Earth and Planetary Sciences Pub Date : 2024-04-25 DOI: 10.1017/aog.2024.20
Giacomo Traversa, Riccardo Scipinotti, S. Pierattini, Gianluca Bianchi Fasani, Biagio Di Mauro
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引用次数: 0
Exploring beneath the retreating ice: Swath bathymetry reveals sub- to proglacial processes and longevity of future Alpine glacial lakes 探索正在后退的冰层之下:扫描水深测量法揭示了未来阿尔卑斯冰川湖的冰川过程和长寿之道
IF 2.9 4区 地球科学 Q1 Earth and Planetary Sciences Pub Date : 2024-04-24 DOI: 10.1017/aog.2024.18
Siro L. Hosmann, S. Fabbri, Marius W. Buechi, M. Hilbe, Andreas Bauder, F. Anselmetti
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引用次数: 0
On the effects of the timing of an intense cyclone on summertime sea ice evolution in the Arctic 强气旋发生的时间对北极夏季海冰演变的影响
IF 2.9 4区 地球科学 Q1 Earth and Planetary Sciences Pub Date : 2024-04-15 DOI: 10.1017/aog.2024.15
Zhongxiang Tian, Xi Liang, Fu Zhao, Na Liu, Ming Li, Chunhua Li
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引用次数: 0
Potential and challenges of depth-resolved three-dimensional MPM simulations: A case study of the 2019 “Salezer” snow avalanche in Davos 深度分辨三维 MPM 模拟的潜力与挑战:2019 年达沃斯 "Salezer "雪崩案例研究
IF 2.9 4区 地球科学 Q1 Earth and Planetary Sciences Pub Date : 2024-04-04 DOI: 10.1017/aog.2024.14
M. Kyburz, B. Sovilla, Yves Bühler, J. Gaume
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引用次数: 0
Lessons learned from shallow subglacial bedrock drilling campaigns in Antarctica 南极洲浅冰川下基岩钻探活动的经验教训
IF 2.9 4区 地球科学 Q1 Earth and Planetary Sciences Pub Date : 2024-03-27 DOI: 10.1017/aog.2024.12
S. Braddock, R. Venturelli, K. Nichols, Elliot Moravec, Grant V. Boeckmann, Seth Campbell, Greg Balco, Robert Ackert, David Small, Joanne S. Johnson, Nelia Dunbar, John Woodward, Sujoy Mukhopadhyay, Brent Goehring
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引用次数: 0
Introduction to the Annals of Glaciology "Ice in a Sustainable Society" issue 冰川学年鉴》"可持续社会中的冰 "专刊简介
IF 2.9 4区 地球科学 Q1 Earth and Planetary Sciences Pub Date : 2024-03-18 DOI: 10.1017/aog.2024.13
Sérgio Henrique Faria
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引用次数: 0
Characterization of Seismicity from Different Glacial Bed Types: Machine Learning Classification of Laboratory Stick-Slip Acoustic Emissions 不同冰川床类型的地震特征:实验室棒状滑动声发射的机器学习分类
IF 2.9 4区 地球科学 Q1 Earth and Planetary Sciences Pub Date : 2024-03-11 DOI: 10.1017/aog.2024.11
S. Saltiel, N. Groebner, T. Sawi, C. McCarthy
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引用次数: 0
MoT-PSA: a two-layer depth-averaged model for simulation of powder snow avalanches on 3-D terrain MoT-PSA:用于模拟三维地形粉雪崩的双层深度平均模型
IF 2.9 4区 地球科学 Q1 Earth and Planetary Sciences Pub Date : 2024-03-06 DOI: 10.1017/aog.2024.10
Hervé Vicari, Dieter Issler

For snow-avalanche hazard mapping, one needs efficient tools that nevertheless capture the essential physical processes. The code MoT-PSA (Method of Transport – Powder Snow Avalanche) described here is based on the two-layer depth-averaged formulation for mixed snow avalanches developed by Eglit and co-workers in the 1980s but is extended to 3-D terrain and uses a fast numerical scheme based on the method of transport. Compared to previous works, we introduce novel formulations for the suspension and deposition of snow from the dense core. Snow cover and air entrainment are quantified with physics-based models. A sensitivity study of the model parameters on an idealized topography shows that both the dense core and the parameters of the powder snow cloud (PSC) governing particle suspension and settling significantly affect the dynamics. As expected, we observe that snow cover entrainment favours the formation of large PSCs with long runout. The powder-snow avalanche that occurred in Lom (Norway) on 27 February 2020 is back-calculated using MoT-PSA. With plausible parameter values, the model reproduces the dense core stopping at the gully's base and the dilute PSC travelling across the frozen lake for almost 1 km.

要绘制雪崩危害图,我们需要能捕捉到基本物理过程的高效工具。这里介绍的 MoT-PSA(传输法-粉雪雪崩)代码基于 Eglit 及其合作者在 20 世纪 80 年代开发的混合雪崩双层深度平均公式,但扩展到了三维地形,并使用了基于传输法的快速数值方案。与之前的研究相比,我们引入了新的计算公式,用于计算雪从致密核心的悬浮和沉积。积雪覆盖和空气夹带通过基于物理的模型进行量化。对模型参数在理想化地形上的敏感性研究表明,致密核心和粉末雪云(PSC)参数对颗粒悬浮和沉降的动态影响很大。正如预期的那样,我们观察到,雪盖夹带有利于形成具有较长径流的大型粉雪云。使用 MoT-PSA 对 2020 年 2 月 27 日发生在挪威洛姆的粉雪雪崩进行了反向计算。在参数值合理的情况下,该模型再现了停在沟底的密集核心和在冰冻湖面上行进近 1 公里的稀释 PSC。
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引用次数: 0
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Annals of Glaciology
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