Canadian Veterinary Journal-revue Veterinaire Canadienne最新文献

A 2-month-old Boer doeling weighing 13 kg that was intended for show and breeding was evaluated because of a 2-week history of right hind-limb lameness following suspected trauma sustained during an exhibition. Physical examination revealed a grade 4/5 lameness, stifle instability, and abnormal reciprocal apparatus function consistent with peroneus tertius (PT) rupture. Radiographs showed soft-tissue swelling without fracture. Ultrasonography identified synovial proliferation and a defect at the origin of the PT tendon compared with the contralateral limb. Synovial fluid analysis supported a traumatic inflammatory process. A diagnosis of PT tendon rupture with mild stifle sprain was made, and conservative management, including nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory therapy, antimicrobial administration, stall rest, and physical therapy, was initiated. The doeling was re-presented 2 wk later with worsening hind-limb lameness, new forelimb lameness, joint effusion, and respiratory abnormalities. Ultrasonography demonstrated abnormal joint effusion and diffuse pulmonary artifacts with mild pleural effusion. Arthrocentesis of the stifle and glenohumeral joints confirmed septic arthritis affecting multiple joints, suspected to be a result of hematogenous spread secondary to bronchopneumonia. Due to a poor prognosis for long-term soundness and productivity, euthanasia was elected. Key clinical message: This case documents an uncommon PT rupture in a goat and highlights the diagnostic value of ultrasonography, the risk of systemic disease complicating orthopedic injury, and the need for further characterization of prognosis and management of tendon injuries in small ruminants.

A 3-year-old Holstein cow was presented with generalized cutaneous plaques and nodules after receiving topical eprinomectin at 136 days in milk. The cow's health was otherwise normal, she was seronegative for bovine leukemia virus, and her lesions regressed by 200 days in milk. The cutaneous form of sporadic bovine T-cell leukosis was diagnosed. Key clinical message: This report describes a case of sporadic bovine cutaneous T-cell lymphosarcoma.

A 1-year-old Maine coon cat was presented with acute onset of central vestibular syndrome and recurrent generalized tonic-clonic seizures. Computed tomographic imaging of the head revealed a left-sided intracranial lesion consistent with an abscess, associated with bilateral otitis media/interna, with more severe involvement of the left tympanic bulla. Based on clinical and imaging findings, the cat underwent surgical intervention consisting of a left temporal burr-hole craniotomy for abscess drainage combined with a unilateral ventral bulla osteotomy. Purulent material was collected during surgery and submitted for bacterial culture, which yielded Staphylococcus aureus sensitive to amoxicillin-clavulanic acid and metronidazole. Postoperative management included intravenous antimicrobial therapy followed by oral treatment after discharge. Transient vestibular dysfunction and Horner's syndrome were observed after surgery and resolved completely within 3 mo. At a long-term follow-up, the cat was neurologically normal. This case highlights the successful surgical management of an otogenic intracranial abscess in a cat and supports unilateral surgical treatment guided by clinical and imaging findings. Key clinical message: Intracranial abscesses secondary to otogenic infection should be considered in cats that have central vestibular clinical signs and seizures. A combined surgical approach using burr-hole craniotomy and ventral bulla osteotomy, guided by imaging findings, can result in favorable clinical outcomes.

Objective: To identify and assess published data pertaining to apramycin resistance in bacteria isolated from animals, in order to inform discussions related to the potential repurposing of apramycin for use in humans.

Animals and procedure: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies that reported apramycin susceptibility testing in bacteria from animals.

Results: Seventy-three references were included. Apramycin resistance was uncommon in Escherichia coli and Salmonella from healthy pigs, poultry, and cattle, with overall pooled prevalences of 7% (95% confidence interval: 2 to 13%) for E. coli and 4% (1 to 17%) for Salmonella. In diseased animals, apramycin resistance was 27% (20 to 33%) in E. coli and 7% (4 to 11%) in Salmonella. Apramycin exposure was associated with a relative risk of apramycin resistance of 3.22 (95% confidence interval: 1.79 to 5.78).

Conclusion and clinical relevance: The low overall resistance rates, despite decades of apramycin use, are encouraging. However, the apparent increase over time for E. coli and the limited available data regarding the effect of apramycin use on apramycin resistance highlight the gaps in evidence and challenges in interpreting the role of apramycin use in apramycin resistance of human or animal pathogens.

Adipose tumors are common in older dogs. Most of these tumors present as benign subcutaneous lipomas; however, intracavitary lipomas, particularly those within the retroperitoneal space, are rarely documented in veterinary medicine. This case report describes a 14-year-old spayed mixed-breed dog with a history of recurrent urinary tract infections, hind-limb weakness, and prior subcutaneous lipomas that was presented because of polyuria, polydipsia, and behavioral changes. Abdominal ultrasound and subsequent computed tomography revealed a left-sided perirenal mass with fat, fluid, and soft-tissue components. Given the mass's location, vascularity, and associated organ displacement, malignant differential diagnoses were prioritized. Exploratory laparotomy with left nephrectomy and adrenalectomy was completed due to the mass's indistinct margins. Histopathology revealed a benign perirenal lipoma with necrosis, inflammation, and abscessation. The embedded adrenal gland was histologically normal. Postoperative azotemia developed but later stabilized. This case represents a rare instance of a benign retroperitoneal lipoma closely associated with renal and adrenal structures, mimicking more aggressive pathology on imaging. To the authors' knowledge, this may be the first reported case of perirenal lipoma in a dog. Although uncommon, intracavitary lipoma should be considered as a differential diagnosis of retroperitoneal masses, to better inform treatment decisions and prognoses. Key clinical message: This case highlights the rare occurrence of a perirenal lipoma in a dog, emphasizing the importance of considering benign adipose tumors in the differential diagnosis of retroperitoneal masses, even when imaging suggests malignancy. Early recognition can guide more informed treatment decisions and improve patient outcomes.

An 18-month-old dog was presented to the emergency department with a marked discrepancy in lactate measurements obtained on different analyzers (lactate gap), an elevated anion gap, and a renal azotemia, which raised concern for ethylene glycol intoxication. The dog was treated with intermittent hemodialysis until the lactate gap was normal. Key clinical message: It is hypothesized that the lactate gap can be used by veterinary clinicians as both a diagnostic tool and a therapeutic tool to determine when intermittent hemodialysis treatment can be stopped.