揭开芯片人脑的神秘面纱:重构神经元组合和探索神经科学合理应用的奥德赛。

IF 4.1 3区 医学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY ACS Chemical Neuroscience Pub Date : 2024-11-06 Epub Date: 2024-10-22 DOI:10.1021/acschemneuro.4c00388
Subhadra Nandi, Satyajit Ghosh, Shubham Garg, Surajit Ghosh
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引用次数: 0

摘要

大脑是一个极其复杂的结构,由数百万个神经网络组成。在发育和细胞神经科学领域,探究大脑高度复杂的动态变化仍然是一项挑战。此外,破译几种线索如何影响神经元生长及其与不同脑细胞类型(如星形胶质细胞和小胶质细胞)的相互作用也是一项艰巨的任务。传统的体外宏观细胞培养技术提供了简单直接的方法。然而,它们往往无法深入了解神经元网络形成的复杂现象和相关微环境。为了规避传统细胞培养方法的弊端,基于微流体设备的微平台的发展近来取得了长足进步,成为前景广阔的替代方法。微流体设备能对分隔的细胞培养进行精确的时空控制。这一特点有助于研究人员在可调节的环境中重建错综复杂的神经元细胞结构。因此,在这篇综述中,我们主要关注在微流控设备中模拟神经元发育,以及研究人员在芯片上模拟神经发生所采用的各种策略。此外,我们还概述了芯片脑模型在重现血脑屏障和神经退行性疾病方面的应用,以及随后的高通量药物筛选。这些芯片上实验室技术在芯片上模拟大脑方面具有巨大潜力,可为了解大脑的基本过程提供宝贵见解。芯片上的大脑模型还将成为开发新型神经治疗药物的创新平台,以治疗多种神经系统疾病。
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Unveiling the Human Brain on a Chip: An Odyssey to Reconstitute Neuronal Ensembles and Explore Plausible Applications in Neuroscience.

The brain is an incredibly complex structure that consists of millions of neural networks. In developmental and cellular neuroscience, probing the highly complex dynamics of the brain remains a challenge. Furthermore, deciphering how several cues can influence neuronal growth and its interactions with different brain cell types (such as astrocytes and microglia) is also a formidable task. Traditional in vitro macroscopic cell culture techniques offer simple and straightforward methods. However, they often fall short of providing insights into the complex phenomena of neuronal network formation and the relevant microenvironments. To circumvent the drawbacks of conventional cell culture methods, recent advancements in the development of microfluidic device-based microplatforms have emerged as promising alternatives. Microfluidic devices enable precise spatiotemporal control over compartmentalized cell cultures. This feature facilitates researchers in reconstituting the intricacies of the neuronal cytoarchitecture within a regulated environment. Therefore, in this review, we focus primarily on modeling neuronal development in a microfluidic device and the various strategies that researchers have adopted to mimic neurogenesis on a chip. Additionally, we have presented an overview of the application of brain-on-chip models for the recapitulation of the blood-brain barrier and neurodegenerative diseases, followed by subsequent high-throughput drug screening. These lab-on-a-chip technologies have tremendous potential to mimic the brain on a chip, providing valuable insights into fundamental brain processes. The brain-on-chip models will also serve as innovative platforms for developing novel neurotherapeutics to address several neurological disorders.

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来源期刊
ACS Chemical Neuroscience
ACS Chemical Neuroscience BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY-CHEMISTRY, MEDICINAL
CiteScore
9.20
自引率
4.00%
发文量
323
审稿时长
1 months
期刊介绍: ACS Chemical Neuroscience publishes high-quality research articles and reviews that showcase chemical, quantitative biological, biophysical and bioengineering approaches to the understanding of the nervous system and to the development of new treatments for neurological disorders. Research in the journal focuses on aspects of chemical neurobiology and bio-neurochemistry such as the following: Neurotransmitters and receptors Neuropharmaceuticals and therapeutics Neural development—Plasticity, and degeneration Chemical, physical, and computational methods in neuroscience Neuronal diseases—basis, detection, and treatment Mechanism of aging, learning, memory and behavior Pain and sensory processing Neurotoxins Neuroscience-inspired bioengineering Development of methods in chemical neurobiology Neuroimaging agents and technologies Animal models for central nervous system diseases Behavioral research
期刊最新文献
Novel Perspective on Sevoflurane-Induced Cognitive Dysfunction: Implications of Neuronal SIRPα and Microglial Synaptic Remodeling. Structural Analysis of Variants of the Ferritin Light Chain Protein and Its Relationship with Neuroferritinopathy. Serotonin 1A Receptors Modulate Serotonin 2A Receptor-Mediated Behavioral Effects of 5-Methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine Analogs in Mice. Issue Editorial Masthead Issue Publication Information
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