Xinjia Wang , Lu Bian , Eun Hee Ha , Lei Wang , Kyle O’Shaughnessy , Yifei Zheng , Zhuoying Feng , Wei Bo Chen , Xianfang Wu
{"title":"Virological and immunological determinants of hepatitis E virus infection outcomes","authors":"Xinjia Wang , Lu Bian , Eun Hee Ha , Lei Wang , Kyle O’Shaughnessy , Yifei Zheng , Zhuoying Feng , Wei Bo Chen , Xianfang Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.coviro.2025.101491","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a leading cause of acute viral hepatitis worldwide, especially in regions with limited sanitation infrastructure. Unlike hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) — which frequently progress to chronic infections associated with cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma — HEV typically leads to acute and self-resolving infection in immunocompetent individuals. This review explores the mechanistic underpinnings that distinguish HEV’s clinical trajectory from HBV and HCV, focusing on viral genome organization, replication strategies, immune evasion tactics, and host immune responses. Understanding these factors provides critical insights into the determinants of viral clearance versus persistence and may guide future vaccine and antiviral development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11082,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in virology","volume":"73 ","pages":"Article 101491"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1000,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Current opinion in virology","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1879625725000410","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2025/9/19 0:00:00","PubModel":"Epub","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"VIROLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a leading cause of acute viral hepatitis worldwide, especially in regions with limited sanitation infrastructure. Unlike hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) — which frequently progress to chronic infections associated with cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma — HEV typically leads to acute and self-resolving infection in immunocompetent individuals. This review explores the mechanistic underpinnings that distinguish HEV’s clinical trajectory from HBV and HCV, focusing on viral genome organization, replication strategies, immune evasion tactics, and host immune responses. Understanding these factors provides critical insights into the determinants of viral clearance versus persistence and may guide future vaccine and antiviral development.
期刊介绍：
Current Opinion in Virology (COVIRO) is a systematic review journal that aims to provide specialists with a unique and educational platform to keep up to date with the expanding volume of information published in the field of virology. It publishes 6 issues per year covering the following 11 sections, each of which is reviewed once a year: Emerging viruses: interspecies transmission; Viral immunology; Viral pathogenesis; Preventive and therapeutic vaccines; Antiviral strategies; Virus structure and expression; Animal models for viral diseases; Engineering for viral resistance; Viruses and cancer; Virus vector interactions. There is also a section that changes every year to reflect hot topics in the field.
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