Whole-genome analysis of Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale from turkeys in Poland: Insights into global diversity, virulence, and antimicrobial resistance

IF 2.7 2区农林科学 Q3 MICROBIOLOGY Veterinary microbiology Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-27 DOI:10.1016/j.vetmic.2026.110908

Marek Blanda , Olimpia Kursa , Joanna Kowalczyk , Marcin Śmiałek

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Abstract

Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale (ORT) is an emerging avian respiratory pathogen of global concern, causing significant economic losses, particularly in turkeys. Although its distribution is worldwide, genomic data from different geographic regions remain scarce, limiting understanding of its genetic diversity, virulence-associated features, and antimicrobial resistance profiles. In this study, we performed whole-genome sequencing of 49 O. rhinotracheale isolates recovered from respiratory tract and joint lesions during outbreaks of ornithobacteriosis in turkeys in Poland to characterize sequence types and explore the genomic diversity and the distribution of virulence- and resistance-associated genes. Comparative multilocus sequence typing revealed high genetic heterogeneity, including three novel sequence types (ST46, ST50, ST51), highlighting ongoing local diversification within a globally distributed pathogen. Whole-genome core single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)–based phylogenetic analysis further resolved genetic relationships among isolates and identified major genomic clusters. Genomic profiling identified several virulence-associated genes and insertion sequences, including IS4351 and ISMlu9. Distinct resistance gene patterns observed between major STs (ST3, ST46) were observed. These findings provide new insights into the genomic diversity of O. rhinotracheale populations and contribute to a broader understanding of its epidemiology and antimicrobial resistance in poultry worldwide.

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波兰火鸡鼻气管鸟杆菌的全基因组分析：对全球多样性、毒力和抗菌素耐药性的见解。

鼻气管鸟杆菌（ORT）是一种新兴的全球关注的禽类呼吸道病原体，造成重大的经济损失，特别是在火鸡中。尽管其分布在世界各地，但来自不同地理区域的基因组数据仍然稀缺，限制了对其遗传多样性、毒力相关特征和抗微生物药物耐药性谱的了解。在这项研究中，我们对波兰火鸡鸟杆菌病暴发期间从呼吸道和关节病变中分离出来的49株O. rhinotracheale进行了全基因组测序，以表征序列类型，并探索基因组多样性以及毒力和耐药性相关基因的分布。比较多位点序列分型显示了高度的遗传异质性，包括三种新的序列类型（ST46, ST50, ST51），突出了在全球分布的病原体中正在进行的局部多样化。基于全基因组核心单核苷酸多态性（SNP）的系统发育分析进一步确定了分离株之间的遗传关系，并确定了主要的基因组簇。基因组分析鉴定了几个毒力相关基因和插入序列，包括IS4351和ISMlu9。主要STs （ST3, ST46）之间存在不同的抗性基因模式。这些发现为O. rhinotracheale种群的基因组多样性提供了新的见解，并有助于更广泛地了解其在全球家禽中的流行病学和抗菌素耐药性。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Veterinary microbiology 农林科学-兽医学

CiteScore

5.90

自引率

6.10%

发文量

221

审稿时长

52 days

期刊介绍： Veterinary Microbiology is concerned with microbial (bacterial, fungal, viral) diseases of domesticated vertebrate animals (livestock, companion animals, fur-bearing animals, game, poultry, fish) that supply food, other useful products or companionship. In addition, Microbial diseases of wild animals living in captivity, or as members of the feral fauna will also be considered if the infections are of interest because of their interrelation with humans (zoonoses) and/or domestic animals. Studies of antimicrobial resistance are also included, provided that the results represent a substantial advance in knowledge. Authors are strongly encouraged to read - prior to submission - the Editorials (''Scope or cope'' and ''Scope or cope II'') published previously in the journal. The Editors reserve the right to suggest submission to another journal for those papers which they feel would be more appropriate for consideration by that journal. Original research papers of high quality and novelty on aspects of control, host response, molecular biology, pathogenesis, prevention, and treatment of microbial diseases of animals are published. Papers dealing primarily with immunology, epidemiology, molecular biology and antiviral or microbial agents will only be considered if they demonstrate a clear impact on a disease. Papers focusing solely on diagnostic techniques (such as another PCR protocol or ELISA) will not be published - focus should be on a microorganism and not on a particular technique. Papers only reporting microbial sequences, transcriptomics data, or proteomics data will not be considered unless the results represent a substantial advance in knowledge. Drug trial papers will be considered if they have general application or significance. Papers on the identification of microorganisms will also be considered, but detailed taxonomic studies do not fall within the scope of the journal. Case reports will not be published, unless they have general application or contain novel aspects. Papers of geographically limited interest, which repeat what had been established elsewhere will not be considered. The readership of the journal is global.