Chlorantraniliprole Suppresses the Humoral Immunity in Spodoptera frugiperda Larvae by Downregulating Peptidoglycan Recognition Protein Gene SfPGRP-S5

IF 6.7 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry Pub Date : 2026-10-14 Epub Date: 2026-10-01 DOI:10.1021/acs.jafc.6c08585

Qingyan Liu, Wenqi Xie, Jiaxin Liu, Shuhua Liu, Xiaoyue Deng, Qing Li, Yanli Yue, Huabao Chen, Qunfang Yang, Chunxian Jiang

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Abstract

Previous studies have demonstrated that chlorantraniliprole enhances cellular immunity in Spodoptera frugiperda larvae, but its effects on humoral immunity remain unclear. Thus, we investigated the role of this insecticide in modulating humoral responses, focusing on peptidoglycan recognition proteins (PGRPs) as key mediators. PGRPs are important pattern recognition receptors that activate insect innate immunity against microbes. Our findings revealed that chlorantraniliprole inhibited humoral immunity in larvae, with the expression of SfPGRP-S5 being significantly affected. Functional studies revealed that SfPGRP-S5 knockdown under chlorantraniliprole exposure decreased larval survival following bacterial infection and downregulated antimicrobial peptide (AMP) genes, while recombinant SfPGRP-S5 activated AMP and prophenoloxidase (PPO) expression. Additionally, the transgenic Drosophila bioassay indicated that SfPGRP-S5 overexpression enhanced chlorantraniliprole tolerance and reduced bacterial susceptibility. In summary, SfPGRP-S5 plays a critical role in mediating chlorantraniliprole-induced suppression of humoral immunity in S. frugiperda larvae. This study reveals the differential immune regulation by insecticides and provides new insights for understanding their sublethal effects.

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氯虫腈通过下调肽聚糖识别蛋白基因SfPGRP-S5抑制夜蛾幼虫体液免疫

摘要以往的研究表明，氯虫腈能增强夜蛾幼虫的细胞免疫，但其对体液免疫的影响尚不清楚。因此，我们研究了这种杀虫剂在调节体液反应中的作用，重点研究了肽聚糖识别蛋白（PGRPs）作为关键介质的作用。PGRPs是一种重要的模式识别受体，可激活昆虫对微生物的先天免疫。我们的研究结果表明，氯虫腈抑制了幼虫的体液免疫，并显著影响了SfPGRP-S5的表达。功能研究显示，暴露于氯虫腈下，SfPGRP-S5基因敲除降低了细菌感染后的幼虫存活率，下调了抗菌肽（AMP）基因，而重组SfPGRP-S5基因激活了AMP和酚氧化酶（PPO）的表达。此外，转基因果蝇的生物测定表明，SfPGRP-S5过表达增强了氯虫腈的耐受性，降低了细菌的敏感性。综上所述，SfPGRP-S5在氯虫腈诱导的frugiperda幼虫体液免疫抑制中起关键作用。本研究揭示了杀虫剂对免疫调节的差异，为了解杀虫剂的亚致死效应提供了新的见解。

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来源期刊

Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 农林科学-农业综合

CiteScore

9.90

自引率

8.20%

发文量

1375

审稿时长

2.3 months

期刊介绍： The Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry publishes high-quality, cutting edge original research representing complete studies and research advances dealing with the chemistry and biochemistry of agriculture and food. The Journal also encourages papers with chemistry and/or biochemistry as a major component combined with biological/sensory/nutritional/toxicological evaluation related to agriculture and/or food.