Utility of cell-based vaccines as cancer therapy: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

IF 4.1 4区 医学 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics Pub Date : 2024-12-31 Epub Date: 2024-03-27 DOI:10.1080/21645515.2024.2323256
Ankur Tiwari, Karl Alcover, Elizabeth Carpenter, Katryna Thomas, Julia Krum, Alexander Nissen, Spencer Van Decar, Todd Smolinsky, Franklin Valdera, Timothy Vreeland, Markus Lacher, Giuseppe Del Priore, William Williams, Alexander Stojadinovic, George Peoples, Guy Clifton
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Abstract

Cell-based therapeutic cancer vaccines use autologous patient-derived tumor cells, allogeneic cancer cell lines or autologous antigen presenting cells to mimic the natural immune process and stimulate an adaptive immune response against tumor antigens. The primary objective of this study is to perform a systematic literature review with an embedded meta-analysis of all published Phase 2 and 3 clinical trials of cell-based cancer vaccines in human subjects. The secondary objective of this study is to review trials demonstrating biological activity of cell-based cancer vaccines that could uncover additional hypotheses, which could be used in the design of future studies. We performed the systematic review and meta-analysis according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The final review included 36 studies - 16 single-arm studies, and 20 controlled trials. Our systematic review of the existing literature revealed largely negative trials and our meta-analysis did not show evidence of clinical benefit from cell-based cancer-vaccines. However, as we looked beyond the stringent inclusion criteria of our systematic review, we identified significant examples of biological activity of cell-based cancer vaccines that are worth highlighting. In conclusion, the existing literature on cell-based cancer vaccines is highly variable in terms of cancer type, vaccine therapies and the clinical setting with no overall statistically significant clinical benefit, but there are individual successes that represent the promise of this approach. As cell-based vaccine technology continues to evolve, future studies can perhaps fulfill the potential that this exciting field of anti-cancer therapy holds.

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细胞疫苗作为癌症疗法的效用:系统回顾和荟萃分析。
基于细胞的治疗性癌症疫苗使用源自患者的自体肿瘤细胞、异体癌细胞系或自体抗原呈递细胞来模拟自然免疫过程并激发针对肿瘤抗原的适应性免疫反应。本研究的主要目的是对所有已发表的以细胞为基础的癌症疫苗人体 2 期和 3 期临床试验进行系统的文献综述和嵌入式荟萃分析。本研究的次要目的是回顾证明细胞癌症疫苗具有生物活性的试验,从而发现更多的假设,用于未来研究的设计。我们根据《系统综述和元分析首选报告项目》(Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses,PRISMA)指南进行了系统综述和元分析。最终的综述包括 36 项研究--16 项单臂研究和 20 项对照试验。我们对现有文献进行的系统性回顾发现,大部分试验结果都是负面的,我们的荟萃分析也没有显示细胞癌症疫苗有临床益处的证据。不过,我们在系统综述的严格纳入标准之外,还发现了细胞癌症疫苗生物活性的重要实例,值得重点关注。总之,关于细胞癌症疫苗的现有文献在癌症类型、疫苗疗法和临床环境方面存在很大差异,总体上没有统计学意义上的显著临床获益,但也有个别成功案例代表了这种方法的前景。随着细胞疫苗技术的不断发展,未来的研究或许能实现这一令人兴奋的抗癌疗法领域所蕴含的潜力。
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来源期刊
Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics
Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY-IMMUNOLOGY
CiteScore
7.90
自引率
8.30%
发文量
489
审稿时长
3-6 weeks
期刊介绍: (formerly Human Vaccines; issn 1554-8619) Vaccine research and development is extending its reach beyond the prevention of bacterial or viral diseases. There are experimental vaccines for immunotherapeutic purposes and for applications outside of infectious diseases, in diverse fields such as cancer, autoimmunity, allergy, Alzheimer’s and addiction. Many of these vaccines and immunotherapeutics should become available in the next two decades, with consequent benefit for human health. Continued advancement in this field will benefit from a forum that can (A) help to promote interest by keeping investigators updated, and (B) enable an exchange of ideas regarding the latest progress in the many topics pertaining to vaccines and immunotherapeutics. Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics provides such a forum. It is published monthly in a format that is accessible to a wide international audience in the academic, industrial and public sectors.
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