Pub Date : 2024-10-21eCollection Date: 2024-01-01DOI: 10.34133/bdr.0052
Xiongying Yan, Qiaoning He, Binan Geng, Shihui Yang
Microbial cell factories (MCFs) are extensively used to produce a wide array of bioproducts, such as bioenergy, biochemical, food, nutrients, and pharmaceuticals, and have been regarded as the "chips" of biomanufacturing that will fuel the emerging bioeconomy era. Biotechnology advances have led to the screening, investigation, and engineering of an increasing number of microorganisms as diverse MCFs, which are the workhorses of biomanufacturing and help develop the bioeconomy. This review briefly summarizes the progress and strategies in the development of robust and efficient MCFs for sustainable and economic biomanufacturing. First, a comprehensive understanding of microbial chassis cells, including accurate genome sequences and corresponding annotations; metabolic and regulatory networks governing substances, energy, physiology, and information; and their similarity and uniqueness compared with those of other microorganisms, is needed. Moreover, the development and application of effective and efficient tools is crucial for engineering both model and nonmodel microbial chassis cells into efficient MCFs, including the identification and characterization of biological parts, as well as the design, synthesis, assembly, editing, and regulation of genes, circuits, and pathways. This review also highlights the necessity of integrating automation and artificial intelligence (AI) with biotechnology to facilitate the development of future customized artificial synthetic MCFs to expedite the industrialization process of biomanufacturing and the bioeconomy.
{"title":"Microbial Cell Factories in the Bioeconomy Era: From Discovery to Creation.","authors":"Xiongying Yan, Qiaoning He, Binan Geng, Shihui Yang","doi":"10.34133/bdr.0052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34133/bdr.0052","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Microbial cell factories (MCFs) are extensively used to produce a wide array of bioproducts, such as bioenergy, biochemical, food, nutrients, and pharmaceuticals, and have been regarded as the \"chips\" of biomanufacturing that will fuel the emerging bioeconomy era. Biotechnology advances have led to the screening, investigation, and engineering of an increasing number of microorganisms as diverse MCFs, which are the workhorses of biomanufacturing and help develop the bioeconomy. This review briefly summarizes the progress and strategies in the development of robust and efficient MCFs for sustainable and economic biomanufacturing. First, a comprehensive understanding of microbial chassis cells, including accurate genome sequences and corresponding annotations; metabolic and regulatory networks governing substances, energy, physiology, and information; and their similarity and uniqueness compared with those of other microorganisms, is needed. Moreover, the development and application of effective and efficient tools is crucial for engineering both model and nonmodel microbial chassis cells into efficient MCFs, including the identification and characterization of biological parts, as well as the design, synthesis, assembly, editing, and regulation of genes, circuits, and pathways. This review also highlights the necessity of integrating automation and artificial intelligence (AI) with biotechnology to facilitate the development of future customized artificial synthetic MCFs to expedite the industrialization process of biomanufacturing and the bioeconomy.</p>","PeriodicalId":56832,"journal":{"name":"生物设计研究(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11491672/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142482062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-17DOI: 10.1186/s42825-024-00177-3
Hongsen Xu, Jingwen Shaoyu, Junyang Jin, Ming Li, Lei Ji, Wei Zhuang, Chenglun Tang, Zhiwei Chang, Hanjie Ying, Chenjie Zhu
As one of the mainstream biodegradable materials, poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) foams offer a sustainable alternative to traditional plastic foams, effectively reducing environmental pollution. However, the high cost and poor mechanical performance of PBAT foams impede their practical application. Herein, the glycidyl methacrylate-grafted biomass lignin (GML) was used to produce a PBAT/GML composite foam with good foaming performance and mechanical properties at high lignin-filling amounts by twin-screw melting free radical polymerization and supercritical CO2 foaming process. The compatibility of GML in the PBAT matrix was improved due to the formation of ester bonds in modified lignin, endowing the PBAT/GML (PGML) composite foam with exceptional foaming performance. Additionally, the mechanical properties of PGML composite foam were remarkably enhanced due to the introduction of the abundant aromatic structures of GML and the construction of a stable covalent crosslinking network. The compressive strengths and compression modulus of the PGML foam were improved by 2.53 times and 2.47 times, while its bending strength and bending modulus were improved by 1.27 times and 3.92 times compared to the neat PBAT. This research affords a new strategy for developing low-cost biodegradable biomass PBAT/lignin composite foam materials with good foaming performance and mechanical properties.
{"title":"Fabrication of PBAT/lignin composite foam materials with excellent foaming performance and mechanical properties via grafting esterification and twin-screw melting free radical polymerization","authors":"Hongsen Xu, Jingwen Shaoyu, Junyang Jin, Ming Li, Lei Ji, Wei Zhuang, Chenglun Tang, Zhiwei Chang, Hanjie Ying, Chenjie Zhu","doi":"10.1186/s42825-024-00177-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s42825-024-00177-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>As one of the mainstream biodegradable materials, poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) foams offer a sustainable alternative to traditional plastic foams, effectively reducing environmental pollution. However, the high cost and poor mechanical performance of PBAT foams impede their practical application. Herein, the glycidyl methacrylate-grafted biomass lignin (GML) was used to produce a PBAT/GML composite foam with good foaming performance and mechanical properties at high lignin-filling amounts by twin-screw melting free radical polymerization and supercritical CO<sub>2</sub> foaming process. The compatibility of GML in the PBAT matrix was improved due to the formation of ester bonds in modified lignin, endowing the PBAT/GML (PGML) composite foam with exceptional foaming performance. Additionally, the mechanical properties of PGML composite foam were remarkably enhanced due to the introduction of the abundant aromatic structures of GML and the construction of a stable covalent crosslinking network. The compressive strengths and compression modulus of the PGML foam were improved by 2.53 times and 2.47 times, while its bending strength and bending modulus were improved by 1.27 times and 3.92 times compared to the neat PBAT. This research affords a new strategy for developing low-cost biodegradable biomass PBAT/lignin composite foam materials with good foaming performance and mechanical properties.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":640,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Leather Science and Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://JLSE.SpringerOpen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s42825-024-00177-3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142443219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-12DOI: 10.3881/j.issn.1000-503X.16035
Ning Xia, Dong-Fa Liao, Xiang-Wei Li, Da Liu
Quantitative CT (QCT) is a method of measuring bone mineral density (BMD) of human based on a CT machine,calibrated by QCT body model and analyzed by professional software.Compared with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry,QCT can not only assess the cortical and cancellous BMD but also exclude the influences of osteophytes and aortic/vascular calcification,thus being capable of accurately reflecting patients' bone mass.In recent years,increasing studies on QCT and osteoporosis (OP) have been carried out,and the application of QCT in the diagnosis of OP,evaluation of vertebral bone conditions,prediction of fracture risks,and assessment of anti-OP treatment is garnering increasing attention from researchers at home and abroad.This article reviews the research progress in this field,aiming to provide a reference for the research on QCT in the diagnosis and treatment of OP.
定量CT（Quantitative CT，QCT）是以CT机为基础，通过QCT人体模型标定和专业软件分析，测量人体骨质密度（Bone mineral density，BMD）的一种方法。与双能X线吸收测量法相比，QCT不仅能评估皮质和松质骨密度，还能排除骨质增生和主动脉/血管钙化的影响，从而能够准确反映患者的骨量。近年来，有关 QCT 与骨质疏松症（OP）的研究日益增多，QCT 在 OP 诊断、椎体骨质状况评估、骨折风险预测、抗 OP 治疗评估等方面的应用也越来越受到国内外研究者的关注，本文综述了该领域的研究进展，旨在为 QCT 在 OP 诊断和治疗方面的研究提供参考。
{"title":"Advances in Research on Application of Quantitative CT in Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment of Osteoporosis.","authors":"Ning Xia, Dong-Fa Liao, Xiang-Wei Li, Da Liu","doi":"10.3881/j.issn.1000-503X.16035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3881/j.issn.1000-503X.16035","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Quantitative CT (QCT) is a method of measuring bone mineral density (BMD) of human based on a CT machine,calibrated by QCT body model and analyzed by professional software.Compared with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry,QCT can not only assess the cortical and cancellous BMD but also exclude the influences of osteophytes and aortic/vascular calcification,thus being capable of accurately reflecting patients' bone mass.In recent years,increasing studies on QCT and osteoporosis (OP) have been carried out,and the application of QCT in the diagnosis of OP,evaluation of vertebral bone conditions,prediction of fracture risks,and assessment of anti-OP treatment is garnering increasing attention from researchers at home and abroad.This article reviews the research progress in this field,aiming to provide a reference for the research on QCT in the diagnosis and treatment of OP.</p>","PeriodicalId":6919,"journal":{"name":"中国医学科学院学报","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142455401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-12DOI: 10.3881/j.issn.1000-503X.15987
Sha-Sha Xia, Jun Shen, Kai-Wen Shen, Qiang Wang, Wei-Hu Cen
With the improvement of people's living standards,the incidence of nephrolithiasis is increasing year by year.Nephrolithiasis poses a serious threat to the patients due to the unclear etiology,complicated composition of stones,and high recurrence rate after surgery.As the research on the pathogenesis and pathophysiology of nephrolithiasis keeps deepening in recent years,researchers have made achievements in the drug treatment,which has become a hot topic for urologists.This paper reviews the advances in the research on the possible formation mechanism and drug-induced litholysis and prevention for nephrolithiasis,aiming to provide theoretical references for subsequent clinical research.
{"title":"Research Progress of Drugs in Prevention and Treatment of Nephrolithiasis.","authors":"Sha-Sha Xia, Jun Shen, Kai-Wen Shen, Qiang Wang, Wei-Hu Cen","doi":"10.3881/j.issn.1000-503X.15987","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3881/j.issn.1000-503X.15987","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>With the improvement of people's living standards,the incidence of nephrolithiasis is increasing year by year.Nephrolithiasis poses a serious threat to the patients due to the unclear etiology,complicated composition of stones,and high recurrence rate after surgery.As the research on the pathogenesis and pathophysiology of nephrolithiasis keeps deepening in recent years,researchers have made achievements in the drug treatment,which has become a hot topic for urologists.This paper reviews the advances in the research on the possible formation mechanism and drug-induced litholysis and prevention for nephrolithiasis,aiming to provide theoretical references for subsequent clinical research.</p>","PeriodicalId":6919,"journal":{"name":"中国医学科学院学报","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142455402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A nodule in the right middle lobe of the lung was treated by a combination of cone-beam CT,three-dimensional registration for fusion imaging,and electromagnetic navigation bronchoscopy-guided thermal ablation.The procedure lasted for 90 min,with no significant bleeding observed under the bronchoscope.The total radiation dose during the operation was 384 mGy.The patient recovered well postoperatively,with only a small amount of blood in the sputum and no pneumothorax or other complications.A follow-up chest CT on the first day post operation showed that the ablation area completely covered the lesion,and the patient was discharged successfully.
{"title":"Thermal Ablation of Pulmonary Nodules by Electromagnetic Navigation Bronchoscopy Combined With Real-Time CT-Based 3D Fusion Navigation:Report of One Case.","authors":"Yuan Xu, Qun Liu, Chao Guo, Yi-Bo Wang, Xiao-Fang Wu, Chen-Xi Ma, Gui-Ge Wang, Qian-Shu Liu, Nai-Xin Liang, Shan-Qing Li","doi":"10.3881/j.issn.1000-503X.16198","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3881/j.issn.1000-503X.16198","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A nodule in the right middle lobe of the lung was treated by a combination of cone-beam CT,three-dimensional registration for fusion imaging,and electromagnetic navigation bronchoscopy-guided thermal ablation.The procedure lasted for 90 min,with no significant bleeding observed under the bronchoscope.The total radiation dose during the operation was 384 mGy.The patient recovered well postoperatively,with only a small amount of blood in the sputum and no pneumothorax or other complications.A follow-up chest CT on the first day post operation showed that the ablation area completely covered the lesion,and the patient was discharged successfully.</p>","PeriodicalId":6919,"journal":{"name":"中国医学科学院学报","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142455403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-10DOI: 10.1016/j.emcon.2024.100421
Both microplastic (MP) pollution and zinc (Zn) deficiency have adverse effects on terrestrial plants. However, the combined effect of MPs and Zn deficiency on plant physiology remains unexplored. In this study, a pot-culture experiment and 13C stable isotope tracing technology were employed to investigate the combined effects of MPs and Zn deficiency on the growth, photosynthetic physiology and chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics, as well as synthesis and distribution of photosynthetic products in Malus hupehensis (Pamp.) Rehd seedlings. The results revealed significant reductions in biomass, gas exchange parameters, carbohydrate metabolism enzyme activities, and photosynthetic parameters including Fv/Fm, ΦPSII, ETR and qp in seedlings subjected to both individual and joint treatments of MPs and Zn deficiency compared to the control group. Notably, the combined Zn deficiency and MPs exhibited a more pronounced inhibitory effect on root biomass (RR = −0.42) compared to the single Zn deficiency (RR = −0.37) and MP (RR = −0.26) treatments. Random forest analysis indicated that chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics (37.5 %) had the greatest impact on biomass variation in seedlings, followed by 13C accumulation in various organs (26.7 %). MPs exacerbated the inhibition of photosynthesis (Pn and Gs) under Zn deficiency by suppressing chlorophyll fluorescence parameters (Fv/Fm and ΦPSII), further reducing 13C accumulation in roots. In conclusion, the addition of MPs intensified the suppression of photosynthetic parameters caused by Zn deficiency, weakened the carbon assimilation capacity of leaves, and hindered the synthesis of photosynthetic products in leaves and their transport to roots, thereby further inhibiting root growth. This study reveals the combined stress of MP pollution and Zn deficiency on terrestrial plants, deepens our understanding of potential ecological risks, and provides scientific basis for the development of effective mitigation measures to protect plant ecosystems.
{"title":"Microplastics aggravate zinc deficiency-induced inhibition of physiological-biochemical characteristics in apple rootstock Malus hupehensis (Pamp.) Rehd seedlings","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.emcon.2024.100421","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.emcon.2024.100421","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Both microplastic (MP) pollution and zinc (Zn) deficiency have adverse effects on terrestrial plants. However, the combined effect of MPs and Zn deficiency on plant physiology remains unexplored. In this study, a pot-culture experiment and <sup>13</sup>C stable isotope tracing technology were employed to investigate the combined effects of MPs and Zn deficiency on the growth, photosynthetic physiology and chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics, as well as synthesis and distribution of photosynthetic products in <em>Malus hupehensis</em> (Pamp.) Rehd seedlings. The results revealed significant reductions in biomass, gas exchange parameters, carbohydrate metabolism enzyme activities, and photosynthetic parameters including <em>F</em><sub>v</sub>/<em>F</em><sub>m</sub>, ΦPSII, ETR and <em>q</em><sub>p</sub> in seedlings subjected to both individual and joint treatments of MPs and Zn deficiency compared to the control group. Notably, the combined Zn deficiency and MPs exhibited a more pronounced inhibitory effect on root biomass (RR = −0.42) compared to the single Zn deficiency (RR = −0.37) and MP (RR = −0.26) treatments. Random forest analysis indicated that chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics (37.5 %) had the greatest impact on biomass variation in seedlings, followed by <sup>13</sup>C accumulation in various organs (26.7 %). MPs exacerbated the inhibition of photosynthesis (Pn and Gs) under Zn deficiency by suppressing chlorophyll fluorescence parameters (<em>F</em><sub>v</sub>/<em>F</em><sub>m</sub> and ΦPSII), further reducing <sup>13</sup>C accumulation in roots. In conclusion, the addition of MPs intensified the suppression of photosynthetic parameters caused by Zn deficiency, weakened the carbon assimilation capacity of leaves, and hindered the synthesis of photosynthetic products in leaves and their transport to roots, thereby further inhibiting root growth. This study reveals the combined stress of MP pollution and Zn deficiency on terrestrial plants, deepens our understanding of potential ecological risks, and provides scientific basis for the development of effective mitigation measures to protect plant ecosystems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11539,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Contaminants","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142441660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-09DOI: 10.1016/j.emcon.2024.100422
The extensive use of plastics has led to significant microplastic pollution, posing threats to environmental and human health. Concerns are growing about the toxicity of microplastics (MPs) and their ability to adsorb contaminants like Copper (Cu2+). Therefore, this study investigated the effects of environmentally realistic concentrations of Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC)-MPs and Copper, both individually and together, with a particular focus on triggering Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-driven apoptosis in the liver of Channa punctatus. Well-habituated fish were organized into four groups: Group I (Control), Group II (0.5 mg/L PVC-MPs), Group III (0.85 mg/L Copper), and Group IV (0.5 mg/L PVC-MPs + 0.85 mg/L Copper). The treatment period was 15, 30, 45 and 60 days. Various liver parameters were assessed according to standard protocols to understand the repercussions of intoxication. A significant (p < 0.05) increment in Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) pointed to a substantial rise in oxidative stress. Enzymatic antioxidants like superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) showed significantly (p < 0.05) elevated extents while reduced glutathione (GSH) levels significantly (p < 0.05) dropped in a duration-dependent pattern. Additionally, lipid peroxidation (LPO) activities surged significantly (p < 0.05), and notable hepato-structural disruptions were observed. The evidence of liver damage was further verified by a significant (p < 0.05) rise in concentrations of hepatic biomarkers viz. Serum Glutamic Oxaloacetic Transaminase (SGOT), Serum Glutamic Pyruvic Transaminase (SGPT), and Alkaline phosphatase (ALP). Moreover, ER-stress was validated through the increased intracellular calcium levels along with the heightened expression of grp78, chop, atf4, perk, eIF2α, and gadd34 in exposed groups. This intricate cascade subsequently elicited the activation of bax, caspase-3, caspase-9, and apaf-1, while modulation of bcl-2, thereby driving hepatocyte-apoptosis via ER-stress response in C. punctatus, a widely consumed food-fish. Our findings underscore the toxic threats of Copper-laden PVC-MPs to aquatic life and potentially the broader ecosystem.
{"title":"“Copper-loaded microplastics unleash endoplasmic reticulum stress-driven liver apoptosis in fish Channa punctatus”","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.emcon.2024.100422","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.emcon.2024.100422","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The extensive use of plastics has led to significant microplastic pollution, posing threats to environmental and human health. Concerns are growing about the toxicity of microplastics (MPs) and their ability to adsorb contaminants like Copper (Cu<sup>2+</sup>). Therefore, this study investigated the effects of environmentally realistic concentrations of Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC)-MPs and Copper, both individually and together, with a particular focus on triggering Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-driven apoptosis in the liver of <em>Channa punctatus.</em> Well-habituated fish were organized into four groups: Group I (Control), Group II (0.5 mg/L PVC-MPs), Group III (0.85 mg/L Copper), and Group IV (0.5 mg/L PVC-MPs + 0.85 mg/L Copper). The treatment period was 15, 30, 45 and 60 days. Various liver parameters were assessed according to standard protocols to understand the repercussions of intoxication. A significant (<em>p</em> < 0.05) increment in Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) pointed to a substantial rise in oxidative stress. Enzymatic antioxidants like superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) showed significantly (<em>p</em> < 0.05) elevated extents while reduced glutathione (GSH) levels significantly (<em>p</em> < 0.05) dropped in a duration-dependent pattern. Additionally, lipid peroxidation (LPO) activities surged significantly (<em>p</em> < 0.05), and notable hepato-structural disruptions were observed. The evidence of liver damage was further verified by a significant (<em>p</em> < 0.05) rise in concentrations of hepatic biomarkers viz. Serum Glutamic Oxaloacetic Transaminase (SGOT), Serum Glutamic Pyruvic Transaminase (SGPT), and Alkaline phosphatase (ALP). Moreover, ER-stress was validated through the increased intracellular calcium levels along with the heightened expression of <em>grp78, chop, atf4, perk, eIF2α,</em> and <em>gadd34</em> in exposed groups. This intricate cascade subsequently elicited the activation of <em>bax, caspase-3, caspase-9</em>, and <em>apaf-1</em>, while modulation of <em>bcl-2</em>, thereby driving hepatocyte-apoptosis via ER-stress response in <em>C. punctatus</em>, a widely consumed food-fish. Our findings underscore the toxic threats of Copper-laden PVC-MPs to aquatic life and potentially the broader ecosystem.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11539,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Contaminants","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142424838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-08eCollection Date: 2024-01-01DOI: 10.34133/bdr.0050
Zhen-Zhen Wang, Kang Wang, Ling-Feng Xu, Chang Su, Jin-Song Gong, Jin-Song Shi, Xu-Dong Ma, Nan Xie, Jian-Ying Qian
Collagenases, a class of enzymes that are specifically responsible for collagen degradation, have garnered substantial attention because of their pivotal roles in tissue repair, remodeling, and medical interventions. This comprehensive review investigates the diversity, structures, and mechanisms of collagenases and highlights their therapeutic potential. First, it provides an overview of the biochemical properties of collagen and highlights its importance in extracellular matrix function. Subsequently, it meticulously analyzes the sources of collagenases and their applications in tissue engineering and food processing. Notably, this review emphasizes the predominant role played by microbial collagenases in commercial settings while discussing their production and screening methods. Furthermore, this study elucidates the methodology employed for determining collagenase activity and underscores the importance of an accurate evaluation for both research purposes and clinical applications. Finally, this review highlights the future research prospects for collagenases, with a particular focus on promoting wound healing and treating scar tissue formation and fibrotic diseases.
{"title":"Unlocking the Potential of Collagenases: Structures, Functions, and Emerging Therapeutic Horizons.","authors":"Zhen-Zhen Wang, Kang Wang, Ling-Feng Xu, Chang Su, Jin-Song Gong, Jin-Song Shi, Xu-Dong Ma, Nan Xie, Jian-Ying Qian","doi":"10.34133/bdr.0050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34133/bdr.0050","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Collagenases, a class of enzymes that are specifically responsible for collagen degradation, have garnered substantial attention because of their pivotal roles in tissue repair, remodeling, and medical interventions. This comprehensive review investigates the diversity, structures, and mechanisms of collagenases and highlights their therapeutic potential. First, it provides an overview of the biochemical properties of collagen and highlights its importance in extracellular matrix function. Subsequently, it meticulously analyzes the sources of collagenases and their applications in tissue engineering and food processing. Notably, this review emphasizes the predominant role played by microbial collagenases in commercial settings while discussing their production and screening methods. Furthermore, this study elucidates the methodology employed for determining collagenase activity and underscores the importance of an accurate evaluation for both research purposes and clinical applications. Finally, this review highlights the future research prospects for collagenases, with a particular focus on promoting wound healing and treating scar tissue formation and fibrotic diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":56832,"journal":{"name":"生物设计研究(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11458858/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142395627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.foar.2024.02.005
GPS positioning data are increasingly utilized in environmental behavior studies to explore the spatial-temporal behavioral patterns of individuals. However, individuals' stay behavioral pattern and its influencing factors, which are particularly significant for the design and management of scenic architectural complexes, have not been thoroughly examined. Using GPS trajectory data collected from the Palace Museum in Beijing (China), this paper investigated the visitors' stay behavior patterns associated with temporal, spatial, and environmental influencing factors. Types of stay behavior and characteristics of stay in main stay areas were automatically recognized using Python algorithms for further and quantitative analysis. Results showed that visitors' stay time exhibited a consistent pattern regarding psychological time allocation, a relatively unsignificant pattern regarding lunch hour, and no clear pattern regarding fatigue feature. Grouped regression analysis showed positive linear relationships with similar slopes between the average stay length and the number of stay occurrences in each type of stay area. Partial correlation analysis revealed the underlying connection between the impact of seats and greenery on stay behavior. Individually, each of the two environmental elements showed limited effect on stay frequency and stay length, while incorporating greenery into seating areas would notably increase both stay frequency and stay length.
{"title":"Visitors' consistent stay behavior patterns within free-roaming scenic architectural complexes: Considering impacts of temporal, spatial, and environmental factors","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.foar.2024.02.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foar.2024.02.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>GPS positioning data are increasingly utilized in environmental behavior studies to explore the spatial-temporal behavioral patterns of individuals. However, individuals' stay behavioral pattern and its influencing factors, which are particularly significant for the design and management of scenic architectural complexes, have not been thoroughly examined. Using GPS trajectory data collected from the Palace Museum in Beijing (China), this paper investigated the visitors' stay behavior patterns associated with temporal, spatial, and environmental influencing factors. Types of stay behavior and characteristics of stay in main stay areas were automatically recognized using Python algorithms for further and quantitative analysis. Results showed that visitors' stay time exhibited a consistent pattern regarding psychological time allocation, a relatively unsignificant pattern regarding lunch hour, and no clear pattern regarding fatigue feature. Grouped regression analysis showed positive linear relationships with similar slopes between the average stay length and the number of stay occurrences in each type of stay area. Partial correlation analysis revealed the underlying connection between the impact of seats and greenery on stay behavior. Individually, each of the two environmental elements showed limited effect on stay frequency and stay length, while incorporating greenery into seating areas would notably increase both stay frequency and stay length.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51662,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers of Architectural Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140758093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.foar.2023.12.003
Location-based social media data provides a new perspective for understanding the relationship between human behavior and urban environments. However, further research is needed to determine the application of cognitive computing in urban environments and physical activities. This study proposes a cognitive computing framework for urban environments and human activities that extracts knowledge from structured and unstructured data through natural language processing and computer vision techniques. This paper utilizes a Naive Bayes Model constructed based on random reviews, as well as semantic segmentation and instant segmentation algorithms based on convolutional neural networks to obtain information about urban environments and human behavior from social media data and other geospatial resources. This study examines the relationship between the urban environment and residents' activity, including spatiotemporal behavior, public sentiment, and physical activity. The study found statistically significant results in subgroup analyses regarding the effects of urban environments on sentiment and physical activity, which also exhibited a strong social gradient consistent with traditional findings. This study validates the feasibility of using cognitive computing based on social media data to explore environmental behaviors, providing technical support for updating health promotion policies.
{"title":"How urban environments affect public sentiment and physical activity using a cognitive computing framework","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.foar.2023.12.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foar.2023.12.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Location-based social media data provides a new perspective for understanding the relationship between human behavior and urban environments. However, further research is needed to determine the application of cognitive computing in urban environments and physical activities. This study proposes a cognitive computing framework for urban environments and human activities that extracts knowledge from structured and unstructured data through natural language processing and computer vision techniques. This paper utilizes a Naive Bayes Model constructed based on random reviews, as well as semantic segmentation and instant segmentation algorithms based on convolutional neural networks to obtain information about urban environments and human behavior from social media data and other geospatial resources. This study examines the relationship between the urban environment and residents' activity, including spatiotemporal behavior, public sentiment, and physical activity. The study found statistically significant results in subgroup analyses regarding the effects of urban environments on sentiment and physical activity, which also exhibited a strong social gradient consistent with traditional findings. This study validates the feasibility of using cognitive computing based on social media data to explore environmental behaviors, providing technical support for updating health promotion policies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51662,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers of Architectural Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139516163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：
京公网安备 11010802042870号