Xicheng He, Elaine D. Flynn, Jeffrey G. Catalano, Daniel E. Giammar
Selenium (Se) contamination is widespread, and Se(VI) removal from water is particularly challenging. This study evaluated Se(VI) removal using iron electrocoagulation (EC) in a flow-through reactor under various water chemistry and operating conditions. Effective Se(VI) removal (>98% from 1000 μg/L Se) was achieved under anoxic conditions with an iron dose as low as 30 mg/L and an EC reactor residence time as short as 11 s that was followed by a 1-h settling period. The removal remained stable over an extended operating time (24 h) and involved the generation of reactive Fe(II)/Fe(III) solids (green rust and magnetite). Oxic conditions were less effective for Se removal because of limited Se adsorption at the elevated pH of the effluent. The immobilized Se in the solids was in a reduced form (-II or 0), but about 70% of Se was oxidized after air exposure. Despite the reduced forms of Se being oxidized, very little Se was released from the solids and the toxicity characteristic leaching procedure indicated that EC-generated solids can be classified as nonhazardous. This study highlights the potential of flow-through iron EC to produce iron-containing adsorbents and reductants that can be tailored for Se(VI) and other oxyanion removal. It also offers practical insights into designing effective treatment systems and ensuring the safe disposal of EC-generated residual solids in real-world applications.
{"title":"Selenium(VI) Removal by Continuous Flow-Through Iron Electrocoagulation: Effects of Operating Conditions and Stability of Selenium in Residual Solids","authors":"Xicheng He, Elaine D. Flynn, Jeffrey G. Catalano, Daniel E. Giammar","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.4c12305","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.4c12305","url":null,"abstract":"Selenium (Se) contamination is widespread, and Se(VI) removal from water is particularly challenging. This study evaluated Se(VI) removal using iron electrocoagulation (EC) in a flow-through reactor under various water chemistry and operating conditions. Effective Se(VI) removal (>98% from 1000 μg/L Se) was achieved under anoxic conditions with an iron dose as low as 30 mg/L and an EC reactor residence time as short as 11 s that was followed by a 1-h settling period. The removal remained stable over an extended operating time (24 h) and involved the generation of reactive Fe(II)/Fe(III) solids (green rust and magnetite). Oxic conditions were less effective for Se removal because of limited Se adsorption at the elevated pH of the effluent. The immobilized Se in the solids was in a reduced form (-II or 0), but about 70% of Se was oxidized after air exposure. Despite the reduced forms of Se being oxidized, very little Se was released from the solids and the toxicity characteristic leaching procedure indicated that EC-generated solids can be classified as nonhazardous. This study highlights the potential of flow-through iron EC to produce iron-containing adsorbents and reductants that can be tailored for Se(VI) and other oxyanion removal. It also offers practical insights into designing effective treatment systems and ensuring the safe disposal of EC-generated residual solids in real-world applications.","PeriodicalId":36,"journal":{"name":"环境科学与技术","volume":"53 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.028,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143560773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A narrowband detection photodetector (PD) serves as a rapid identifier of specific wavebands, holding immense significance in secure communication and spectral recognition. Herein, after carbon is doped into GaN, an acceptor energy level emerges in its band structure, which will compensate with donor states in GaN to reduce carrier concentration and make GaN semi-insulating, and it affected the dark current and electric field distribution of the GaN p-i-n PD. Operating at a bias of 0 V, the C-doped GaN p-i-n PD demonstrates an ultralow dark current density and a high light-to-dark current ratio compared to the undoped intrinsic i-layer GaN p-i-n PD. Moreover, the narrowband response’s full width at half-maximum of the PD is only 8.11 nm and displays rapid signal feedback capabilities. Consequently, this prepared C-doped GaN p-i-n PD, which obviates the need for integrating optical filters or employing sophisticated processes, stands to be capable of accurately distinguishing UVA radiation.
{"title":"Enhanced Ultra-narrowband Fast Response Ultraviolet Photodetector based on GaN Homojunction with a Carbon-Doped Semi-insulating Intermediate Layer","authors":"Shihao Fu, Danyang Xia, Rongpeng Fu, Yuefei Wang, Yurui Han, Chong Gao, Weizhe Cui, Bingsheng Li, Zhendong Fu, Si Shen, Aidong Shen","doi":"10.1021/acs.jpclett.5c00026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpclett.5c00026","url":null,"abstract":"A narrowband detection photodetector (PD) serves as a rapid identifier of specific wavebands, holding immense significance in secure communication and spectral recognition. Herein, after carbon is doped into GaN, an acceptor energy level emerges in its band structure, which will compensate with donor states in GaN to reduce carrier concentration and make GaN semi-insulating, and it affected the dark current and electric field distribution of the GaN p-i-n PD. Operating at a bias of 0 V, the C-doped GaN p-i-n PD demonstrates an ultralow dark current density and a high light-to-dark current ratio compared to the undoped intrinsic i-layer GaN p-i-n PD. Moreover, the narrowband response’s full width at half-maximum of the PD is only 8.11 nm and displays rapid signal feedback capabilities. Consequently, this prepared C-doped GaN p-i-n PD, which obviates the need for integrating optical filters or employing sophisticated processes, stands to be capable of accurately distinguishing UVA radiation.","PeriodicalId":62,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.475,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143560903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-06DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.5c00125
Yifan Cheng, Xian Lin, Chunwei Wang, Zeyu Zhang, Chen Wang, Long Geng, Peng Suo, Juan Du, Guohong Ma
Heterostructures composed of graphene (Gr) and transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) establish a new platform for optoelectronic applications. A substantial amount of research has concentrated on the interfacial charge transfer (CT) within heterostructures, yet investigations into the nonlinear effects occurring within these heterostructures have been relatively scarce. Utilizing terahertz (THz) emission spectroscopy, we demonstrate the synergistic interaction between interfacial CT and nonlinear photocurrent within the Gr/MoS2 heterostructure. Our study shows that despite the cancellation of photocurrents from CT in the MoS2/Gr/MoS2 sandwich heterostructure, THz emissions are still observable, indicating additional photocurrents from other effects. By conducting experiments that involved varying the pump fluence, sample azimuthal angle, incidence angle, and pump polarization states, we determined that the THz radiation in the MoS2/Gr/MoS2 heterostructure is dominated by the photon drag effect (PDE), particularly dominated by the photon drag injection current. For the case of the Gr/MoS2 heterostructure, both CT and PDE play a role in THz emission, and the contribution of CT to THz emission is dominant, with an estimated CT:PDE ratio of 5:2. The study provides a foundation for the application of these heterostructures in next-generation optoelectronic devices.
{"title":"Revealing a Nonlinear Photocurrent in the Graphene/MoS2 Heterostructure via Terahertz Emission Spectroscopy","authors":"Yifan Cheng, Xian Lin, Chunwei Wang, Zeyu Zhang, Chen Wang, Long Geng, Peng Suo, Juan Du, Guohong Ma","doi":"10.1021/acs.jpclett.5c00125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpclett.5c00125","url":null,"abstract":"Heterostructures composed of graphene (Gr) and transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) establish a new platform for optoelectronic applications. A substantial amount of research has concentrated on the interfacial charge transfer (CT) within heterostructures, yet investigations into the nonlinear effects occurring within these heterostructures have been relatively scarce. Utilizing terahertz (THz) emission spectroscopy, we demonstrate the synergistic interaction between interfacial CT and nonlinear photocurrent within the Gr/MoS<sub>2</sub> heterostructure. Our study shows that despite the cancellation of photocurrents from CT in the MoS<sub>2</sub>/Gr/MoS<sub>2</sub> sandwich heterostructure, THz emissions are still observable, indicating additional photocurrents from other effects. By conducting experiments that involved varying the pump fluence, sample azimuthal angle, incidence angle, and pump polarization states, we determined that the THz radiation in the MoS<sub>2</sub>/Gr/MoS<sub>2</sub> heterostructure is dominated by the photon drag effect (PDE), particularly dominated by the photon drag injection current. For the case of the Gr/MoS<sub>2</sub> heterostructure, both CT and PDE play a role in THz emission, and the contribution of CT to THz emission is dominant, with an estimated CT:PDE ratio of 5:2. The study provides a foundation for the application of these heterostructures in next-generation optoelectronic devices.","PeriodicalId":62,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.475,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143560904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-06DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2025.115549
Colin Nolden , Nicholas Banks , Jack Irwin , David Wallom , Bryony Parrish
Electricity networks require reinforcing to accommodate increasing penetration of renewables and increasing electrification of heating and mobility. The nature of these reinforcements depends on the scale and depth of demand reductions and flexibility services available to solve constraints. Local energy markets are posited as a means to capture, aggregate, and trade flexibility services in network-constrained areas. Using insights from transaction cost economics, this review adapts a theoretical model to analyse the contractual arrangements underpinning both local energy markets and the delivery of flexibility services therein, and the end-to-end process of flexibility service delivery. By facilitating the identification, analysis, and comparison of the relative magnitude of associated transaction and production cost variables, it helps identify factors which determine their viability. This model is tested on Great Britain's Local Energy Oxfordshire project (Project LEO) which sought to establish the potential for flexibility service provision to support the transition to a renewables-based electricity system by developing a proof-of-concept local energy market. It reveals transaction costs which significantly outweigh contract revenues at this stage of market development. Standardisation and regulation lower transaction costs in the establishment of local energy markets, while automation and aggregation lower transaction costs and increase contract revenues of flexibility service delivery. Support needs to be appropriately targeted to lower these costs vis-à-vis network reinforcements, and the overall costs of transitioning to net zero.
{"title":"The economics of flexibility service contracting in local energy markets: A review","authors":"Colin Nolden , Nicholas Banks , Jack Irwin , David Wallom , Bryony Parrish","doi":"10.1016/j.rser.2025.115549","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rser.2025.115549","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Electricity networks require reinforcing to accommodate increasing penetration of renewables and increasing electrification of heating and mobility. The nature of these reinforcements depends on the scale and depth of demand reductions and flexibility services available to solve constraints. Local energy markets are posited as a means to capture, aggregate, and trade flexibility services in network-constrained areas. Using insights from transaction cost economics, this review adapts a theoretical model to analyse the contractual arrangements underpinning both local energy markets and the delivery of flexibility services therein, and the end-to-end process of flexibility service delivery. By facilitating the identification, analysis, and comparison of the relative magnitude of associated transaction and production cost variables, it helps identify factors which determine their viability. This model is tested on Great Britain's Local Energy Oxfordshire project (Project LEO) which sought to establish the potential for flexibility service provision to support the transition to a renewables-based electricity system by developing a proof-of-concept local energy market. It reveals transaction costs which significantly outweigh contract revenues at this stage of market development. Standardisation and regulation lower transaction costs in the establishment of local energy markets, while automation and aggregation lower transaction costs and increase contract revenues of flexibility service delivery. Support needs to be appropriately targeted to lower these costs vis-à-vis network reinforcements, and the overall costs of transitioning to net zero.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":418,"journal":{"name":"Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews","volume":"215 ","pages":"Article 115549"},"PeriodicalIF":16.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143551803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Katherine H Jordan, Paulina Jaramillo, Valerie J Karplus, Peter J Adams, Nicholas Z Muller
This study investigates the role of hydrogen as a decarbonization strategy for the iron and steel industry in the United States (U.S.) in the presence of an economy-wide net zero CO2 emissions target. Our analysis shows that hydrogen-based direct reduced iron (H2DRI) provides a cost-effective decarbonization strategy only under a relatively narrow set of conditions. Using today’s best estimates of the capital and variable costs of alternative decarbonized iron and steelmaking technologies in a U.S. economy-wide simulation framework, we find that carbon capture technologies can achieve comparable decarbonization levels by 2050 and greater cumulative emissions reductions from iron and steel production at a lower cost. Simulations suggest hydrogen contributes to economy-wide decarbonization, but H2DRI is not the preferred use case for hydrogen in most scenarios. The average abatement cost for U.S. iron and steel production could be as low as $70/tonne CO2 with existing technologies plus carbon capture, while the cost with H2DRI rises to over $500/tonne CO2. We also find that IRA tax credits are insufficient to spur hydrogen use in steelmaking in our model and that a green steel production tax credit would need to be as high as $300/tonne steel to lead to sustained H2DRI use.
{"title":"The Role of Hydrogen in Decarbonizing U.S. Iron and Steel Production","authors":"Katherine H Jordan, Paulina Jaramillo, Valerie J Karplus, Peter J Adams, Nicholas Z Muller","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.4c05756","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.4c05756","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates the role of hydrogen as a decarbonization strategy for the iron and steel industry in the United States (U.S.) in the presence of an economy-wide net zero CO<sub>2</sub> emissions target. Our analysis shows that hydrogen-based direct reduced iron (H<sub>2</sub>DRI) provides a cost-effective decarbonization strategy only under a relatively narrow set of conditions. Using today’s best estimates of the capital and variable costs of alternative decarbonized iron and steelmaking technologies in a U.S. economy-wide simulation framework, we find that carbon capture technologies can achieve comparable decarbonization levels by 2050 and greater cumulative emissions reductions from iron and steel production at a lower cost. Simulations suggest hydrogen contributes to economy-wide decarbonization, but H<sub>2</sub>DRI is not the preferred use case for hydrogen in most scenarios. The average abatement cost for U.S. iron and steel production could be as low as $70/tonne CO<sub>2</sub> with existing technologies plus carbon capture, while the cost with H<sub>2</sub>DRI rises to over $500/tonne CO<sub>2</sub>. We also find that IRA tax credits are insufficient to spur hydrogen use in steelmaking in our model and that a green steel production tax credit would need to be as high as $300/tonne steel to lead to sustained H<sub>2</sub>DRI use.","PeriodicalId":36,"journal":{"name":"环境科学与技术","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.028,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143560767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Detritusphere is a hotspot of carbon cycling in terrestrial ecosystems, yet the mineralization of soil organic carbon (SOC) within this microregion associated with reactive oxygen species (ROS) remains unclear. Herein, we investigated ROS production and distribution in the detritusphere of six representative soils and evaluated their contributions to SOC mineralization. We found that ROS production was significantly correlated with several soil chemical and biological factors, including pH, water-soluble phenols, water-extractable organic carbon, phenol oxidase activity, surface-bound or complexed Fe(II) and Fe(II) in low-crystalline minerals, highly crystalline Fe(II)-bearing minerals, and SOC. These factors collectively contributed to 99.6% of the variation in ROS production, as revealed by redundancy analyses. Among ROS, hydroxyl radicals (•OH) were key contributors to SOC mineralization, responsible for 10.4%–38.7% of CO2 emissions in ROS quenching experiments. Inhibiting •OH production decreased C-degrading enzyme activities, indicating that •OH stimulates CO2 emissions by increasing enzyme activity. Structural equation modeling further demonstrated that •OH promotes C-degrading enzyme activities by degrading water-soluble phenols to unlock the “enzyme latch” and by increasing SOC availability to upregulate C-degrading gene expression. These pathways contributed equally to SOC mineralization and exceeded its direct effect. These findings provide detailed insight into the mechanistic pathways of •OH-mediated carbon dynamics within the detritusphere.
{"title":"A Novel Perspective on the Role of Hydroxyl Radicals in Soil Organic Carbon Mineralization within the Detritusphere: Stimulating C-Degrading Enzyme Activities","authors":"Kangjie Yang, Bin Jia, Jinbo Liu, Kecheng Zhu, Junhao Qin, Hanzhong Jia","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.4c13619","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.4c13619","url":null,"abstract":"Detritusphere is a hotspot of carbon cycling in terrestrial ecosystems, yet the mineralization of soil organic carbon (SOC) within this microregion associated with reactive oxygen species (ROS) remains unclear. Herein, we investigated ROS production and distribution in the detritusphere of six representative soils and evaluated their contributions to SOC mineralization. We found that ROS production was significantly correlated with several soil chemical and biological factors, including pH, water-soluble phenols, water-extractable organic carbon, phenol oxidase activity, surface-bound or complexed Fe(II) and Fe(II) in low-crystalline minerals, highly crystalline Fe(II)-bearing minerals, and SOC. These factors collectively contributed to 99.6% of the variation in ROS production, as revealed by redundancy analyses. Among ROS, hydroxyl radicals (<sup>•</sup>OH) were key contributors to SOC mineralization, responsible for 10.4%–38.7% of CO<sub>2</sub> emissions in ROS quenching experiments. Inhibiting <sup>•</sup>OH production decreased C-degrading enzyme activities, indicating that <sup>•</sup>OH stimulates CO<sub>2</sub> emissions by increasing enzyme activity. Structural equation modeling further demonstrated that <sup>•</sup>OH promotes C-degrading enzyme activities by degrading water-soluble phenols to unlock the “enzyme latch” and by increasing SOC availability to upregulate C-degrading gene expression. These pathways contributed equally to SOC mineralization and exceeded its direct effect. These findings provide detailed insight into the mechanistic pathways of <sup>•</sup>OH-mediated carbon dynamics within the detritusphere.","PeriodicalId":36,"journal":{"name":"环境科学与技术","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.028,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143560770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-06DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.4c08542
Yuxin Zhou, Michael R Zachariah
The addition of aluminum particulates to polymer fuels is desired as a means to increase energy density. While nanosized aluminum has some attractive features with respect to its micrometer counterpart in terms of the burn rate, when incorporated into a fuel such as hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene (HTPB), its release is often retarded, leading to crust formation on the fuel grain surface. Here, we undertake a molecular dynamics study to understand the size dependence of the polymer–particle interaction and how this impacts the size dependence of particle ejection. Comparing the interaction energy with the kinetic energy imparted to particles from the lifting force during polymer pyrolysis, we find that indeed, nanosized aluminum, due to its increased particle–polymer interaction binding energy, does not eject from the surface, while micrometer aluminum will. This is consistent with the experimental observation in a stagnation-flow burner. Further theoretical analysis indicated that replacing Al nanoparticles by nanosized Al/nitrocellulose (NC) mesoparticles may enhance the lifting of particles since the gas expansion from NC decomposition can generate sufficient kinetic energy to overcome the binding energy with the polymer.
{"title":"Computational Study on the Lifting of Aluminum Particles from a Hydroxyl-Terminated Polybutadiene Burning Surface","authors":"Yuxin Zhou, Michael R Zachariah","doi":"10.1021/acs.jpcc.4c08542","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcc.4c08542","url":null,"abstract":"The addition of aluminum particulates to polymer fuels is desired as a means to increase energy density. While nanosized aluminum has some attractive features with respect to its micrometer counterpart in terms of the burn rate, when incorporated into a fuel such as hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene (HTPB), its release is often retarded, leading to crust formation on the fuel grain surface. Here, we undertake a molecular dynamics study to understand the size dependence of the polymer–particle interaction and how this impacts the size dependence of particle ejection. Comparing the interaction energy with the kinetic energy imparted to particles from the lifting force during polymer pyrolysis, we find that indeed, nanosized aluminum, due to its increased particle–polymer interaction binding energy, does not eject from the surface, while micrometer aluminum will. This is consistent with the experimental observation in a stagnation-flow burner. Further theoretical analysis indicated that replacing Al nanoparticles by nanosized Al/nitrocellulose (NC) mesoparticles may enhance the lifting of particles since the gas expansion from NC decomposition can generate sufficient kinetic energy to overcome the binding energy with the polymer.","PeriodicalId":61,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Physical Chemistry C","volume":"113 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.126,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143561237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-06DOI: 10.1016/j.nanoso.2025.101458
Jayashree Patra, V.K. Verma
Nickel ferrites (NiFe2O4) have gained attention for their excellent magnetic properties, including high magnetic permeability, low magnetic losses, and moderate coercivity, making them ideal for applications in electronics, telecommunications, magnetic sensors, and energy storage systems. Nickel ferrites have been prepared using a variety of synthesis processes, including sol-gel, co-precipitation, hydrothermal, microwave-assisted, and solvothermal. Each approach has a considerable impact on particle size, crystallinity, and magnetic characteristics. Bulk NiFe2O4 has a saturation magnetization (Ms) of ∼50–55 emu/g, coercivity (Hc) of 100–200 Oe, and Curie temperature (Tc) of ∼585°C, making it ideal for soft magnetic applications. Elemental doping (e.g., Zn, Mg, Co, and rare earth metals) alters the cation distribution, magnetic interactions, and structural features, allowing for customized performance. Zn²⁺ doping increases Ms by up to ∼60 emu/g, while rare-earth doping decreases Ms, making photocatalytic and energy storage applications more efficient. Nickel ferrites are widely used in catalysis (e.g., dye degradation, heavy metal removal, and photocatalysis), energy storage devices (e.g., supercapacitors with capacitance ∼650 F/g, lithium-ion batteries with specific capacities ∼850 mAh/g), and biomedical fields (e.g., magnetic hyperthermia and MRI contrast agents).
{"title":"Nickel ferrite: Advances in the synthesis methods, properties and its applications","authors":"Jayashree Patra, V.K. Verma","doi":"10.1016/j.nanoso.2025.101458","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nanoso.2025.101458","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nickel ferrites (NiFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>) have gained attention for their excellent magnetic properties, including high magnetic permeability, low magnetic losses, and moderate coercivity, making them ideal for applications in electronics, telecommunications, magnetic sensors, and energy storage systems. Nickel ferrites have been prepared using a variety of synthesis processes, including sol-gel, co-precipitation, hydrothermal, microwave-assisted, and solvothermal. Each approach has a considerable impact on particle size, crystallinity, and magnetic characteristics. Bulk NiFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> has a saturation magnetization (M<sub>s</sub>) of ∼50–55 emu/g, coercivity (H<sub>c</sub>) of 100–200 Oe, and Curie temperature (T<sub>c</sub>) of ∼585°C, making it ideal for soft magnetic applications. Elemental doping (e.g., Zn, Mg, Co, and rare earth metals) alters the cation distribution, magnetic interactions, and structural features, allowing for customized performance. Zn²⁺ doping increases M<sub>s</sub> by up to ∼60 emu/g, while rare-earth doping decreases M<sub>s</sub>, making photocatalytic and energy storage applications more efficient. Nickel ferrites are widely used in catalysis (e.g., dye degradation, heavy metal removal, and photocatalysis), energy storage devices (e.g., supercapacitors with capacitance ∼650 F/g, lithium-ion batteries with specific capacities ∼850 mAh/g), and biomedical fields (e.g., magnetic hyperthermia and MRI contrast agents).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":397,"journal":{"name":"Nano-Structures & Nano-Objects","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article 101458"},"PeriodicalIF":5.45,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143548959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-06DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.5c00704
Zhihua Wu, Jian-Feng Li, Zhong-Qun Tian
Published as part of <i>The Journal of Physical Chemistry C</i> special issue “Celebrating 10 Years of the Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM)”. The Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (<i>i</i>ChEM) was approved in October 2014, jointly by Xiamen University (XMU), Fudan University (FDU), the University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), and the Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics (DICP) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS). The mission of the consortium is to integrate key innovative elements from universities, research institutes, and enterprises both in China and abroad. In addition, <i>i</i>ChEM leverages the strengths in chemistry and materials sciences of the four member-institutions to further advance cutting-edge energy-related research while also training younger generations for research excellence by strengthening collaboration between the research community and industry. Over the past decade, <i>i</i>ChEM has focused on common scientific issues in energy chemistry by jointly tackling energy chemistry and energy material systems and introducing a number of core key technologies. Researchers at <i>i</i>ChEM focus on three main areas: the optimal utilization of carbon resources, chemical energy storage and conversion, and solar energy conversion chemistry. Investigations in these energy-oriented areas use a number of approaches: basic research in synthesis and fabrication, theory and simulation, and instrumentation and methodology. As a result, we are able to make advances in the approaches themselves, as well as in the aforementioned three research areas. To realize the new energy strategic objectives, <i>i</i>ChEM has adhered to the principle of “chemistry as the foundation, materials as the carrier, and energy as the goal”, addressing critical scientific issues in the development of petroleum alternatives. This approach has led to a series of original results that are both urgently needed by the country and recognized as world-class. In order to celebrate the 10th anniversary of the <i>i</i>ChEM, The Journal of Physical Chemistry C (JPC C), The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters (JPCL), and ACS Energy Letters are publishing a joint Special Issue (SI). This SI, organized by the center’s directors, Zhong-Qun Tian (Xiamen Univ.), Dongyuan Zhao (Fudan Univ.), Can Li (DICP, CAS), and Jinlong Yang (USTC), brings together 37 articles on energy materials and chemistry. It is with great pride and reflection that we look back on a decade of groundbreaking research, collaboration, and innovation. <i>i</i>ChEM has grown into a world-class hub for scientific exploration, fostering multidisciplinary partnerships and pioneering advancements in energy materials chemistry. Since its inception, <i>i</i>ChEM has been driven by a vision to address the critical challenges facing our world’s energy future. Our researchers, drawn from diverse backgrounds and expertise, have w
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Pub Date : 2025-03-06DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.5c0034510.1021/acs.jpclett.5c00345
Zhihua Wu, Jian-Feng Li* and Zhong-Qun Tian*,
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