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Comprehensive foodomics analysis reveals key lipids affect aroma generation in beef. 全面的食品组学分析揭示了影响牛肉香味产生的关键脂质。
IF 8.5 1区 农林科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED Pub Date : 2024-12-15 Epub Date: 2024-08-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.140954
Longzhu Zhou, Yimeng Ren, Yujie Shi, Shijie Fan, Liyuan Zhao, Miaomiao Dong, Jing Li, Youyou Yang, Yanan Yu, Qingyu Zhao, Junmin Zhang, Chaohua Tang

Lipids are vital precursors to beef aroma compounds, but the exact lipid molecules influencing aroma generation remain unconfirmed. This study employs gas chromatography-olfactometry-mass spectrometry and absolute quantitative lipidomics to identify beef's aroma and lipid profiles and to examine lipid alterations post-thermal processing. The aim is to understand the role of lipids in aroma generation during beef's raw-to-cooked transition. Eighteen key aroma compounds were identified as significant contributors to the aroma of beef. 265 lipid molecules were quantified accurately, and we found that triglycerides containing C18:1 or C18:2 chains, such as TG(16:0_18:1_18:1), TG(16:0_18:1_18:2), TG(16:0_16:1_18:1), as well as phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine containing PC(16:1e_20:4), PC(16:0e_20:4), PC(18:2e_18:2), and PE(16:1e_20:4), played important roles in the generation of key aroma compounds in beef. C18:1, C18:2, C18:3, and C20:4 were key substrates for the formation of aroma compounds. In addition, lysophosphatidylcholine and lysophosphatidylethanolamine containing unsaturated fatty acid chains may serve as important aroma retainers.

脂质是牛肉香味化合物的重要前体,但影响香味产生的确切脂质分子仍未得到证实。本研究采用气相色谱-olfactometry-质谱法和绝对定量脂质组学来确定牛肉的香气和脂质特征,并研究热加工后的脂质变化。目的是了解脂质在牛肉从生到熟的转变过程中产生香味的作用。已确定 18 种关键香味化合物对牛肉的香味有重要贡献。我们发现含有 C18:1 或 C18:2 链的甘油三酯,如 TG(16:0_18:1_18:1)、TG(16:0_18:1_18:2)、TG(16:0_16:1_18:1)以及含有 PC(16:1e_20:4)、PC(16:0e_20:4)、PC(18:2e_18:2)和 PE(16:1e_20:4) 的磷脂酰胆碱和磷脂酰乙醇胺在牛肉主要香味化合物的生成过程中发挥了重要作用。C18:1、C18:2、C18:3 和 C20:4 是形成香味化合物的关键底物。此外,含有不饱和脂肪酸链的溶血磷脂酰胆碱和溶血磷脂酰乙醇胺可能是重要的香味保持剂。
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引用次数: 0
Biochemical mechanism of chlorine dioxide fumigation in inhibiting Ceratocystis fimbriata and black rot in postharvest sweetpotato. 二氧化氯熏蒸抑制收获后甘薯中的 Ceratocystis fimbriata 和黑腐病的生化机理。
IF 8.5 1区 农林科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED Pub Date : 2024-12-15 Epub Date: 2024-08-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.140952
Xinghua Lu, Shixin Yu, Bo Yu, Lijuan Chen, Yuwei Wang, Yiping Huang, Guoquan Lu, Jiyu Cheng, Yuge Guan, Liqing Yin, Mingyi Yang, Linjiang Pang

The inhibitory properties and underlying mechanism of chlorine dioxide (ClO2) fumigation on the pathogen Ceratocystis fimbriata (C. fimbriata) and resultant sweetpotato black rot were investigated in vitro and in vivo. Results revealed that the ClO2 fumigation effectively inhibited fungal growth and induced obvious morphological variation of C. fimbriata mycelia. Furthermore, the mycelial membrane suffered damage, as evidenced by a significant increase in malondialdehyde content and the leakage of protein and nucleic acid from mycelia cells, accompanied by a marked decrease in ergosterol content. Additionally, ClO2 fumigation caused spores cell membrane damage, a notable decrease in spore viability, and induced cell apoptosis as indicated by reductions in spore germination rate, two fluorescence staining observations, and flow cytometry analysis. Moreover, the decay diameter of sweetpotato black rot lesions decreased significantly after ClO2 fumigation, and the growth of C. fimbriata was also inhibited. These findings present a novel and effective technology for inhibiting the progression of sweetpotato black rot.

研究了二氧化氯(ClO2)熏蒸对甘薯黑腐病(Ceratocystis fimbriata,C. fimbriata)病原菌的抑制特性及其内在机理。结果表明,ClO2 熏蒸能有效抑制真菌生长,并诱导 C. fimbriata 菌丝体发生明显的形态变化。此外,菌丝体膜受到破坏,表现为丙二醛含量显著增加,蛋白质和核酸从菌丝体细胞中渗出,麦角甾醇含量明显下降。此外,ClO2 熏蒸还导致孢子细胞膜受损,孢子活力明显降低,并诱导细胞凋亡,孢子萌发率下降、两次荧光染色观察和流式细胞仪分析均表明了这一点。此外,ClO2 熏蒸后甘薯黑腐病病斑的腐烂直径明显减小,C. fimbriata 的生长也受到抑制。这些发现为抑制甘薯黑腐病的发展提供了一种新颖有效的技术。
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引用次数: 0
Microplasma-assisted construction of cross-linked network hierarchical structure of NiMoO4 nanorods @NiCo-LDH nanosheets for electrochemical sensing of non-enzymatic H2O2 in food. 微等离子体辅助构建交联网络分层结构的 NiMoO4 纳米棒 @NiCo-LDH 纳米片,用于电化学传感食品中的非酶促 H2O2。
IF 8.5 1区 农林科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED Pub Date : 2024-12-15 Epub Date: 2024-08-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.140940
Junchun Guo, Jiaying Wu, Li Xu, Xiangwei Yuan, Chao Tan, Qian Wang, Xiaoli Xiong

The accumulation of small doses of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) into food can cause many diseases in the human body, and it is urgent to develop efficient detection methods of H2O2. Herein, the hierarchical structure composite of NiCo-LDH nanosheets crosslinked NiMoO4 nanorods was grown in situ on carbon cloth (NiMoO4 NRs@NiCo-LDH NSs/CC) by micro-plasma assisted hydrothermal method. Thanks to the synergistic effect of three metals and (NiMoO4 NRs@NiCo-LDH NSs/CC) provided by nanorods/nanosheets hierarchical structure, NiMoO4 NRs@NiCo-LDH NSs/CC exposes more active sites and achieves rapid electron transfer. The H2O2 electrochemical sensor was constructed as the working electrode with a linear range of 1 μmol L-1 to 9.0 mmol L-1 and detection limit of 112 nmol L-1. In addition, the sensor has been successfully applied to the detection of H2O2 in food samples, the recovery rate is 95.2%-106.62%, RSD < 4.89%.

食物中积累的小剂量过氧化氢(H2O2)可导致人体多种疾病,因此开发高效的H2O2检测方法迫在眉睫。本文采用微等离子体辅助水热法在碳布上原位生长了交联镍钴-LDH纳米片的分层结构复合材料(NiMoO4 NRs@NiCo-LDH NSs/CC)。由于纳米棒/纳米片分层结构提供了三种金属和(NiMoO4 NRs@NiCo-LDH NSs/CC)的协同效应,NiMoO4 NRs@NiCo-LDH NSs/CC暴露了更多的活性位点,实现了快速电子传递。构建的 H2O2 电化学传感器作为工作电极,线性范围为 1 μmol L-1 至 9.0 mmol L-1,检测限为 112 nmol L-1。此外,该传感器已成功应用于食品样品中 H2O2 的检测,回收率为 95.2%-106.62%, RSD
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引用次数: 0
The potential of dried Ginkgo Biloba leaves as a novel ingredient in fermented beverages of enhanced flavour and antioxidant properties. 干银杏叶作为一种新型发酵饮料配料,具有增强风味和抗氧化特性的潜力。
IF 8.5 1区 农林科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED Pub Date : 2024-12-15 Epub Date: 2024-08-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.141018
Patrycja Biernacka, Katarzyna Felisiak, Iwona Adamska

Fermentation enhances the nutritional profile of foods and beverages like beer, wine, and fermented teas. Ginkgo biloba, long utilized for its health-enhancing properties, contains bioactive compounds like terpene trilactones and flavonoids, known for their antioxidant and neuroprotective effects. This study explores the feasibility of using dried Ginkgo biloba leaves in SCOBY-mediated fermentation to produce novel health-promoting beverages similar to kombucha. Infusions of dried Ginkgo biloba leaves with varying sugar concentrations are fermented over 21 days. Results showed that these beverages exhibited potent antioxidant properties, notably higher than tea-kombucha, attributed to increased polyphenol content. HPLC analysis identified significant levels of bioactive compounds such as catechin and apigenin. Sensory evaluation highlighted optimal acceptance of the seven-day fermented product. This research underscores the potential of Ginkgo biloba as a functional ingredient in fermented beverages, offering a healthier alternative to conventional soft drinks.

发酵可以增强啤酒、葡萄酒和发酵茶等食品和饮料的营养成分。银杏叶因其增进健康的特性而被长期利用,它含有萜烯三内酯和类黄酮等生物活性化合物,具有抗氧化和保护神经的作用。本研究探讨了在 SCOBY 介导的发酵过程中使用干银杏叶生产类似于昆布茶的新型健康饮料的可行性。不同糖浓度的干银杏叶经过 21 天的发酵。结果表明,这些饮料具有很强的抗氧化性,明显高于茶-昆布茶,这归功于多酚含量的增加。高效液相色谱分析确定了大量的生物活性化合物,如儿茶素和芹菜素。感官评估强调了七天发酵产品的最佳接受度。这项研究强调了银杏叶作为发酵饮料功能成分的潜力,为传统软饮料提供了更健康的替代品。
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引用次数: 0
Extraction of egg yolk lipids via salt-induced synergistic heat treatment: Fabrication, characterization and flavor analysis. 通过盐诱导协同热处理提取蛋黄脂:制作、表征和风味分析。
IF 8.5 1区 农林科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED Pub Date : 2024-12-15 Epub Date: 2024-08-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.140958
Xuejing Gao, Tingting Tang, Junhua Li, Luping Gu, Cuihua Chang, Yujie Su, Yanjun Yang

In this study, the oxidation of egg yolk lipids (EYL) by salt-induced heat and non-heat treatments was investigated for quality and flavor. The correlation between physicochemical properties, lipid oxidation and antioxidant activity was modeled using partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA). The results indicated that the prolonged salt-induced synergistic heat treatment produced the highest level of lipid oxidation, antioxidant activity and oil exudation, along with the lowest level of polyunsaturated fatty acid content. In addition, higher contents of pyrazines and fewer acid species were detected, which was not the case with the salt-free heat treatment. In total, 14 identical volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were produced, yet their overall flavor profiles determined by the electronic nose would remain dramatically distinguished. Therefore, heat treatment was particularly critical for lipid oxidation and the generation of aromatic compounds, implying that heat-treated EYL induced by salt is a flavor component with good antioxidant potential.

本研究调查了盐诱导加热和非加热处理对蛋黄脂质(EYL)氧化作用的影响,以了解其质量和风味。采用偏最小二乘判别分析(PLS-DA)建立了理化特性、脂质氧化和抗氧化活性之间的相关模型。结果表明,长时间的盐诱导协同热处理产生了最高水平的脂质氧化、抗氧化活性和油脂渗出,而多不饱和脂肪酸含量却最低。此外,还检测到较高的吡嗪含量和较少的酸种类,而无盐热处理则没有这种情况。总共产生了 14 种相同的挥发性有机化合物 (VOC),但电子鼻测定的总体风味特征仍有显著区别。因此,热处理对于脂质氧化和芳香化合物的生成尤为关键,这意味着盐诱导的热处理 EYL 是一种具有良好抗氧化潜力的风味成分。
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引用次数: 0
Evaluation of the clinical usefulness of pancreatic alpha amylase as a novel biomarker in dogs with acute pancreatitis: a pilot study. 评估胰腺α-淀粉酶作为一种新型生物标记物在犬急性胰腺炎患者中的临床实用性:一项试点研究。
IF 6.4 2区 农林科学 Q1 Veterinary Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-18 DOI: 10.1080/01652176.2024.2326007
Keon Kim, Hee-Hong Kim, Jae-Beom Joo, Ock-Kyu Kim, Sin-Wook Park, Guk-Hyun Suh, Woong-Bin Ro, Chang-Min Lee

Pancreatic alpha amylase (P-AMY) is used as a biomarker of acute pancreatitis (AP) in human medicine. To our knowledge, there are no studies evaluating the usefulness of P-AMY in dogs with AP. In this study, we evaluated the diagnostic value of P-AMY, currently not verified in veterinary medicine. The AP group (n = 40) consisted of dogs with AP diagnosed using clinical signs and laboratory examinations, including abnormal canine pancreatic lipase (cPL) concentration, and compatible abdominal ultrasound examination at first presentation. Evaluation of the canine AP severity (CAPS) score was performed. The control group (n = 38) was composed of normal dogs without any abnormalities in clinical findings, blood exams or diagnostic imaging. The correlation of P-AMY with cPL was confirmed by Pearson's correlation analysis (r = 0.564, p < .001). The sensitivity and specificity for the most appropriate cut-off values of P-AMY were recorded similar to the values of DGGR. The dogs with AP and CAPS ≥11 had significantly higher serum P-AMY (p = .016) contrary to DGGR lipase and cPL. Furthermore, there was a significant difference in the median P-AMY dependent on the presence of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (p = .001). P-AMY showed similar level of diagnostic accuracy along with sensitivity and specificity compared to DGGR lipase. In addition, P-AMY showed a significant association with CAPS score, contrary to cPL and DGGR lipase. Along with other biomarkers associated with AP, P-AMY has the potential of usefulness as a supportive diagnostic and prognostic biomarker of AP in dogs.

在人类医学中,胰腺α-淀粉酶(P-AMY)被用作急性胰腺炎(AP)的生物标志物。据我们所知,目前还没有研究评估 P-AMY 在犬急性胰腺炎患者中的作用。在这项研究中,我们评估了 P-AMY 的诊断价值,目前在兽医学中尚未得到验证。AP 组(n = 40)由首次发病时通过临床症状和实验室检查(包括犬胰脂肪酶(cPL)浓度异常)以及腹部超声波检查确诊为 AP 的犬组成。对犬 AP 严重程度(CAPS)进行了评估。对照组(n = 38)由临床表现、血液检查或诊断成像均无异常的正常犬组成。Pearson 相关性分析(r = 0.564,p p = .016)证实了 P-AMY 与 cPL 的相关性,与 DGGR 脂肪酶和 cPL 的相关性相反。此外,P-AMY 的中位数与全身炎症反应综合征的存在有显著差异(p = .001)。与 DGGR 脂肪酶相比,P-AMY 显示出相似的诊断准确性、灵敏度和特异性。此外,与 cPL 和 DGGR 脂肪酶相比,P-AMY 与 CAPS 评分有显著关联。与其他与 AP 相关的生物标记物一起,P-AMY 有可能成为狗 AP 的辅助诊断和预后生物标记物。
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引用次数: 0
Diet supplementation with hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) inflorescences: effects on quanti-qualitative milk yield and fatty acid profile on grazing dairy goats. 日粮中添加大麻(Cannabis sativa L.)花序:对放牧奶山羊定量产奶量和脂肪酸组成的影响。
IF 7.9 2区 农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-08-09 DOI: 10.1080/01652176.2024.2388715
Ruggero Amato, Marianna Oteri, Biagina Chiofalo, Fabio Zicarelli, Nadia Musco, Fiorella Sarubbi, Severina Pacifico, Marialuisa Formato, Pietro Lombardi, Federica Di Bennardo, Piera Iommelli, Federico Infascelli, Raffaella Tudisco

Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) is an annual plant belonging to the family of Cannabaceae with several varieties characterized by different fatty acid profile, content in flavonoids, polyphenols, and cannabinoid compounds. Hemp is mostly used in livestock nutrition as oil or as protein cake, but not as inflorescences. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of dietary hemp inflorescences on milk yield and composition in grazing dairy goats. Twenty Camosciata delle Alpi goats at their 3rd parity and with a mean body weight of 45.2 ± 2.0 kg, immediately after kidding, were equally allocated into two groups (G: Grazing and GH: grazing and hemp). For three months, all goats were fed on a permanent pasture and received 700/head/day of concentrate; diet of group GH was supplemented with 20 g/head/day of hemp inflorescences. Goats' body weight did not change during the trial. Individual milk yield was daily recorded and samples collected every 20 days for chemical composition and fatty acid profile analysis. No significant differences were found for milk yield and chemical composition. Caproic (C6:0) (1.80 vs. 1.74%; p < 0.01) and lauric acids (C12:0) were significantly higher in milk of group GH (4.83 vs. 4.32%; p < 0.01) as well as linoleic (C18:2) (2.04 vs. 1.93%; p < 0.05), adrenic acid (C22:4) (0.046 vs. 0.031%, p < 0.05), omega-6/omega-3 ratio (3.17 vs. 2.93, p < 0.05) and total conjugated linoleic acids (CLAs) (0.435 vs. 0.417%; p < 0.01). The results of this study suggest that the supplementation of grazing goats' diet with hemp inflorescences may enhance the milk nutritional characteristics by increasing its content of CLAs and other beneficial fatty acids.

大麻(Cannabis sativa L.)是一种属于大麻科的一年生植物,有多个品种,其脂肪酸组成、类黄酮、多酚和大麻素化合物含量各不相同。大麻主要作为油或蛋白饼用于牲畜营养,但不作为花序使用。本研究旨在评估放牧奶山羊食用大麻花序对产奶量和牛奶成分的影响。将刚产仔的 20 只 Camosciata delle Alpi 奶山羊平均分成两组(G 组:放牧组;GH 组:放牧加麻花组),每组 3 个月。在三个月的时间里,所有山羊都在永久性牧场上饲养,每天每头山羊摄入 700 克精料;GH 组每天每头山羊日粮中添加 20 克大麻花序。试验期间,山羊的体重没有变化。每天记录单只山羊的产奶量,每隔 20 天采集样品进行化学成分和脂肪酸谱分析。在产奶量和化学成分方面没有发现明显差异。己酸(C6:0)(1.80 vs. 1.74%;p vs. 4.32%;p vs. 1.93%;p vs. 0.031%,p vs. 2.93,p vs. 0.417%;p
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引用次数: 0
Evaluation of chronic stress status and quality of life in cats suffering from chronic kidney disease and suspected feline infectious peritonitis based on hair cortisol concentration analysis and a questionnaire. 根据毛发皮质醇浓度分析和问卷调查评估慢性肾病和疑似猫传染性腹膜炎患者的慢性应激状态和生活质量。
IF 7.9 2区 农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-19 DOI: 10.1080/01652176.2024.2379327
Chien-Hui Chen, Chao-Chin Chang, Wei-Che Chen, Ya-Jane Lee

Hair cortisol concentration (HCC) and a questionnaire were used as indicators of chronic stress status and quality of life (QoL), respectively, in cats. To date, there has been limited research on the simultaneous application of both indicators in unwell cats. Our aim was to evaluate HCC and questionnaire data obtained from a healthy cat cohort (n = 61) and cat cohorts with either chronic kidney disease (CKD) (n = 78) or suspected feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) (n = 24). Furthermore, we also investigated the correlation between HCC and clinical pathological data. For this study, hair from the abdomen of cats was collected and analyzed for HCC using a commercial ELISA kit. Owners also completed a questionnaire, from which average-item-weighted-impact-scores (AWISs) were calculated. Cats with late-stage-CKD (median, HCC = 330.15 pg/mg, AWIS = -0.43) presented with a significantly higher HCC (p < 0.01) and a significantly lower AWIS (p < 0.01) than cats with early-stage-CKD (HCC = 183.56 pg/mg, AWIS = 1.08). Similarly, there were significant differences in both HCC (p < 0.001) and AWIS (p < 0.001) between cats with suspected FIP (HCC = 896.27 pg/mg, AWIS = -1.97) and healthy cats (HCC = 181.24 pg/mg, AWIS = 1.24). The degree of consistency between the HCC results and the questionnaire results reminds us that the severity of a chronic disease or the presence of a life-threatening disease can significantly increase stress and thus can affect the QoL of cats.

毛发皮质醇浓度(HCC)和问卷调查分别被用作猫咪慢性压力状态和生活质量(QoL)的指标。迄今为止,将这两个指标同时应用于不健康猫咪的研究还很有限。我们的目的是评估从健康猫群组(61 只)和患有慢性肾病 (CKD) (78 只)或疑似猫传染性腹膜炎 (FIP) (24 只)的猫群组中获得的 HCC 和问卷调查数据。此外,我们还调查了 HCC 与临床病理数据之间的相关性。在这项研究中,我们收集了猫腹部的毛发,并使用商业 ELISA 试剂盒对毛发进行了 HCC 分析。猫主人还填写了一份调查问卷,并从中计算出平均项目加权影响分数(AWIS)。晚期 CKD 猫(中位数,HCC = 330.15 pg/mg,AWIS = -0.43)的 HCC 明显更高(p p p p
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引用次数: 0
First detection of Omicron variant BA.4.1 lineage in dogs, Chile. 首次在智利的狗中检测到 Omicron 变异 BA.4.1 系。
IF 6.4 2区 农林科学 Q1 Veterinary Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-04 DOI: 10.1080/01652176.2023.2298089
B Agüero, F Berrios, C Pardo-Roa, N Ariyama, B Bennett, R A Medina, V Neira

SARS-CoV-2's rapid global spread caused the declaration of COVID-19 as a pandemic in March 2020. Alongside humans, domestic dogs and cats are also susceptible to infection. However, limited reports on pet infections in Chile prompted a comprehensive study to address this knowledge gap. Between March 2021 and March 2023, the study assessed 65 pets (26 dogs and 39 cats) from 33 COVID-19+ households alongside 700 nasal swabs from animals in households with unknown COVID-19 status. Using RT-PCR, nasal, fecal, and environmental samples were analyzed for the virus. In COVID-19+ households, 6.06% tested positive for SARS-CoV-2, belonging to 3 dogs, indicating human-to-pet transmission. Pets from households with unknown COVID-19 status tested negative for the virus. We obtained 2 SARS-CoV-2 genomes from animals, that belonged to Omicron BA.4.1 variant, marking the first report of pets infected with this lineage globally. Phylogenetic analysis showed these sequences clustered with human sequences collected in Chile during the same period when the BA.4.1 variant was prevalent in the country. The prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 in Chilean pets was relatively low, likely due to the country's high human vaccination rate. Our study highlights the importance of upholding and strengthening human vaccination strategies to mitigate the risk of interspecies transmission. It underscores the critical role of the One Health approach in addressing emerging zoonotic diseases, calling for further research on infection dynamics and risk factors for a comprehensive understanding.

由于 SARS-CoV-2 在全球迅速传播,COVID-19 于 2020 年 3 月被宣布为大流行病。除了人类,家养的狗和猫也很容易受到感染。然而,智利有关宠物感染的报道有限,因此需要开展一项综合研究来填补这一知识空白。2021 年 3 月至 2023 年 3 月期间,该研究对来自 33 个 COVID-19+ 家庭的 65 只宠物(26 只狗和 39 只猫)以及来自 COVID-19 状态未知家庭的 700 份动物鼻拭子进行了评估。通过 RT-PCR,对鼻腔、粪便和环境样本进行了病毒分析。在 COVID-19+ 的家庭中,有 6.06% 的人对 SARS-CoV-2 呈阳性反应,其中有 3 只狗,这表明病毒在人与宠物之间传播。COVID-19 状态不明的家庭中的宠物对病毒检测呈阴性。我们从动物身上获得了 2 个属于 Omicron BA.4.1 变种的 SARS-CoV-2 基因组,这是全球首次报告宠物感染该病毒系。系统进化分析表明,这些序列与在智利收集到的人类序列聚类,而在同一时期,BA.4.1 变种在智利流行。SARS-CoV-2 在智利宠物中的流行率相对较低,这可能是由于智利的人类疫苗接种率较高。我们的研究强调了坚持和加强人类疫苗接种策略以降低物种间传播风险的重要性。它强调了 "统一健康 "方法在应对新出现的人畜共患疾病中的关键作用,呼吁进一步研究感染动态和风险因素,以全面了解情况。
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引用次数: 0
Live performance, nutrient digestibility, immune response and fecal microbial load modulation in Japanese quails fed a Bacillus-based probiotic alone or combination with xylanase. 单独或与木聚糖酶联合使用芽孢杆菌益生菌喂养日本鹌鹑的活体表现、营养消化率、免疫反应和粪便微生物负荷调节。
IF 7.9 2区 农林科学 Q1 Veterinary Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-06-21 DOI: 10.1080/01652176.2024.2364641
Asad Sultan, Syed Murtaza, Shabana Naz, Ziaul Islam, Abdulwahed Fahad Alrefaei, Rifat Ullah Khan, Samia H Abdelrahman, A Chandrasekaran

Animal industry seeks cost-effective solutions to enhance performance and health of domestic animals. This study investigated the effects of supplementing Bacillus spp. probiotics and xylanase on 2000 one-day-old Japanese quails, randomly assigned to four treatment groups (10 replicates). The control group received no supplementation, while the others were supplemented with a Bacillus-based probiotic at 7.5 × 107 cfu/kg of feed, xylanase enzyme (2,000 U/kg) alone or in combination. Quails receiving both probiotic and enzyme exhibited significantly (p < 0.01) higher weekly and overall weight gain, and lower feed conversion ratios compared to the control group. Dressing percentage was higher (p < 0.01), and mortality lower in birds supplemented with a combination of enzyme and probiotic. Antibody titres against infectious bronchitis and infectious bursal disease were significantly (p < 0.01) higher in quails receiving combined probiotic and enzyme supplementation, while titres against Newcastle disease virus were higher (p < 0.01) in groups supplemented with probiotic and enzyme individually or in combination. Additionally, digestibility was significantly (p < 0.01) higher in groups receiving combined enzyme and probiotic supplementation, with higher apparent metabolizable energy compared to the control. The populations of beneficial Lactobacillus increased, while harmful E. coli and Salmonella decreased significantly in quails supplemented with both probiotic and enzyme. In conclusion, supplementing xylanase enzyme and probiotic together in Japanese quails positively influenced growth, nutrient digestibility, immune response, and cecal microbiota.

畜牧业正在寻求具有成本效益的解决方案,以提高家畜的生产性能和健康水平。本研究调查了补充芽孢杆菌属益生菌和木聚糖酶对 2000 只一天龄日本鹌鹑的影响,这些鹌鹑被随机分配到四个处理组(10 个重复)。对照组不添加任何益生菌,其他处理组则单独或同时添加 7.5 × 107 cfu/kg 饲料浓度的芽孢杆菌益生菌和木聚糖酶(2,000 U/kg)。同时添加益生菌和木聚糖酶的鹌鹑体内乳酸杆菌显著增加,而有害大肠杆菌和沙门氏菌显著减少。总之,同时补充木聚糖酶和益生菌对日本鹌鹑的生长、营养消化率、免疫反应和盲肠微生物群有积极影响。
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