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A social milieu perspective of parental influence on adolescents’ entrepreneurial and employment intentions
IF 6.4 1区 经济学 Q1 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2024-12-05 DOI: 10.1007/s11187-024-00982-4
Evan J. Douglas, Helen E. Salavou, Xenia J. Mamakou

This paper extends discussion of parental influence on adolescent’s occupational intentions by including parents’ socioeconomic status and by arguing that entrepreneurial self-efficacy (ESE) as instrumental to both entrepreneurial intention and employment intention. The adolescents’ social milieu is proxied by their parents’ occupational type and formal education and income levels, which adds their social and business networks, schoolteachers and fellow students to the adolescents’ process of forming either entrepreneurial or employment intention. We ask whether adolescents’ occupational intentions depend on the interaction of their social context and specific personal cognitions (namely ESE, psychological capital, hubris, academic performance, and gender). Using fsQCA and 203 adolescent-parent dyads, we find that employed parents, rather than entrepreneur parents, are more consistently associated with adolescents’ entrepreneurial intention. The cognitive conditions interact synergistically and substitutively as core conditions to influence entrepreneurial intention (or inversely employment intention). Low self-assessment of academic performance is a core condition for high entrepreneurial intention, and both sexes select their occupational type according to bespoke configurations of their causal conditions, with implications for educational policy, and further research.

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引用次数: 0
Hospital system market share and commercial prices: a cross-sectional approach using price transparency data.
IF 2.7 3区 经济学 Q1 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2024-12-04 DOI: 10.1186/s13561-024-00580-w
Yuvraj Pathak, David Muhlestein

Background: The goal of this study is to estimate the association between hospital system market share and negotiated prices. Hospital system consolidation has led to many highly concentrated markets where systems can leverage their market share to negotiate higher commercial prices. Recently, the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services, under its Transparency in Coverage initiative, required health insurers to release all negotiated commercial prices, providing, for the first time, publicly available, nationally representative data on commercial rates. We utilize this newly available data on negotiated prices of healthcare services to show that a hospital with 10% higher market share charges 880-1,180 more per admission.

Study design: We used commercial price data for national networks of three large, national insurers and performed a linear regression based on more than 1.3 million negotiated rates across 1,784 hospitals to estimate the association between a hospital's system-level market share and commercial negotiated rates, adjusting for service (DRG), health system, and area level time-invariant characteristics.

Results: We find that a one percentage point increase in hospital system market share is associated with an $88 to $118 higher negotiated rate per admission. All else equal, a hospital that is part of a system with a 10-percentage point higher market share can expect from $880 to $1,180 more per admission relative to a hospital with lower system market share (5.4% to 6.2% of the median price).

Conclusion: These findings confirm that higher hospital system market share is strongly associated with higher commercial negotiated prices and should aid policymakers and decisionmakers in assessing the impact of various policy options aimed at reducing provider consolidation in the healthcare market.

Trial registration: Not applicable.

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引用次数: 0
Desert or garden? Energy sacrifice zones, territorial affordances and competing visions for post-coal landscapes: The case of the Czechoslovak Army Mine
IF 6.9 2区 经济学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES Pub Date : 2024-12-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.erss.2024.103876
Petr Klusáček , Filip Alexandrescu , Bohumil Frantál , Ondřej Konečný
The transition away from coal has often been discussed in abstract and disembodied terms. This paper aims to show how the post coal-mining transition is a territorially embedded process that is contested by local actors. We use the case of the Czechoslovak Army Mine in the northwestern part of the Czech Republic to problematize the role of local history (as an energy sacrifice zone) and of the features of territory (landscape, water and energy) in the post-coal transition. The argument is that this transition is shaped by specific territorial affordances, by the expectations that local actors invest in these affordances and by the changes induced from outside. All of these interact and create problematic outcomes at the local level. We flesh out these arguments using fifteen interviews and documentary material related to the CSA mine, all collected and analysed in 2023 and 2024. The findings are structured by the main development phases of the CSA mine, first as an energy sacrifice zone and second in relation to the current conflicting post-mining plans. These include post-mining lake(s), the liveability and usability of the post-mining space and the question of energy production futures. Across all these disputed plans we highlight the positions of local stakeholders and their calls for socio-economic and environmental justice.
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引用次数: 0
What are environmental, social, and governance scores measuring? The role of outcome and impact indicators in ESG scores
IF 10.4 2区 经济学 Q1 BUSINESS, FINANCE Pub Date : 2024-12-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.frl.2024.106529
Santiago Guerrero, Juan Pablo Viteri
Environmental, social, and governance (ESG) ratings are fundamental tools; however, their underlying methodologies often involve complex aggregation processes. Although research on ESG has been expanding, the influence of specific indicators and categories on overall ESG scores remains insufficiently explored. This paper examines the contributions of social and environmental outcome and impact indicators to the ESG scores provided by the London Stock Exchange Group (LSEG). Our analysis reveals that among the 186 indicators comprising the LSEG ESG scores, outcome and impact indicators contribute only 18% to 37% of the total score. The remaining contribution comes from processes and policies indicators.
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引用次数: 0
Occupational Choice, Matching, and Earnings Inequality
IF 8.2 1区 经济学 Q1 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2024-12-03 DOI: 10.1086/732530
Eric Mak, Aloysius Siow
Journal of Political Economy, Ahead of Print.
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引用次数: 0
The impact of impact investing
IF 10.4 1区 经济学 Q1 BUSINESS, FINANCE Pub Date : 2024-12-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfineco.2024.103972
Jonathan B. Berk , Jules H. van Binsbergen
The change in the cost of capital that results from a divestiture strategy can be closely approximated by a simple function of three parameters: (1) the fraction of socially conscious capital, (2) the fraction of targeted firms in the economy and (3) the return correlation between the targeted firms and the rest of the stock market. When calibrated to current data, we demonstrate that the impact on the cost of capital is too small to meaningfully affect real investment decisions. We then derive the conditions that would be required for the strategy to have a meaningful impact. We empirically corroborate our theoretical results by studying firm changes in ESG status and are unable to detect an impact of ESG divestiture strategies on the cost of capital of treated firms. Our results suggest that to have impact, instead of divesting, socially conscious investors should invest and exercise their rights of control to change corporate policy.
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引用次数: 0
Optimizing crowdfunding for mineral resources of Dutch economy: The role of fintech in achieving sustainable development goals through artificial intelligence
IF 10.2 2区 经济学 0 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES Pub Date : 2024-12-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.resourpol.2024.105413
Usman Ahmad , Ameenullah Aman , Azam Anwer Khan , Syed Emad Azhar Ali
The Netherlands considers focuses on optimal exploitation of mineral resources for achieving long-term Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). As a result, crowdfunding investment is becoming more recognized as an important method of financing and promoting the United Nations SDGs. However, there has been little research on sustainable crowdfunding, particularly on mineral resource optimization and the impact of behaviour aspects. Therefore, the goal of this study is to determine how behaviour factors influence the subjective well-being of sustainable crowdfunding in mineral resources using fintech in the form of robo advisors to achieve sustainable development goals. This study aims to examine a research model that encompasses the key five personality traits, value on SDGs, subjective well-being, and role of robo-advisor. The findings indicate that two out of five personality traits have the greatest impact on the SDGs. Moreover, the study highlights the impact of agreeableness on SDGs and people's subjective well-being. The findings also emphasizes that the robo-advisor has a strong moderating effect on personality traits and subjective well-being.
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引用次数: 0
Retrofit information challenges and potential solutions: Perspectives of households, retrofit professionals and local policy makers in the United Kingdom
IF 6.9 2区 经济学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES Pub Date : 2024-12-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.erss.2024.103866
Freya Wise , Aaron Gillich, Pippa Palmer
Rapidly scaling up energy retrofit for existing buildings is critical to help meet climate targets. Information is frequently identified as a key barrier to residential retrofit. This paper explores the role of information sharing in accelerating retrofit market transformation, through interviews and photo elicitation with homeowners (N = 9) and two workshops with stakeholders (N = 33) in a local authority retrofit project in Gloucestershire (UK). Findings are thematically analysed and suggestions for future local and national policy action are identified. The research finds that even for engaged, knowledgeable homeowners, accessing appropriate information is still a significant retrofit barrier. Two themes around the nature of information and information delivery are identified and key issues include information overload, a lack of context-specific information and in-person engagement, and a need for trustworthy, local information sources. Local authorities have potential to act as trusted intermediaries for structured, relevant retrofit information but require support from national governments to increase capacity and resources at local levels. National governments also have a critical role in providing clear and consistent messaging and leadership on the importance and benefits of retrofit. Policies around financial incentives are not sufficient alone and must be accompanied by strategies to overcome informational and other barriers if retrofit is to be accelerated in this decisive decade for climate action.
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引用次数: 0
Dissecting multidimensional morphology of urban sprawl: Framework for policy intervention
IF 6 1区 经济学 Q1 URBAN STUDIES Pub Date : 2024-12-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.cities.2024.105627
Kriti Pradhan , Abbas Rajabifard , Jagannath Aryal , Joep Crompvoets
Urban sprawl is a major challenge to sustainability, yet it remains the prevalent form of urban growth globally. Traditional management strategies have been ineffective due to a siloed approach often neglecting the multidimensional complexity of urban sprawl morphology. This study bridges the gap by identifying the multidimensional features of urban sprawl morphology at city and neighbourhood levels and mapping these features to existing planning policies. The findings reveal strong linkages between city and neighbourhood morphological traits and highlight discrepancies in how current policies address urban sprawl, such as spatial development of greenfield, brownfield, infill development, pedestrian-friendly street design, adaptive reuse policy and chrono urbanism. The proposed framework advocates for coordinated multidimensional policy interventions promoting compact, polycentric cities with mixed land use and reduced car dependence. This integrated approach is crucial for developing targeted strategies to mitigate urban sprawl and foster sustainable urban development.
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引用次数: 0
Institutional entrepreneuring for energy poverty: The role of boundary work in developing a collaborative product-service system for household appliances
IF 6.9 2区 经济学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES Pub Date : 2024-12-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.erss.2024.103843
Jonas Van Gaubergen, Erik Paredis, Thomas Block
This study explores a remarkable initiative named “Papillon” that aims to contribute to alleviating energy poverty by organizing affordable and context-sensitive access to energy-efficient appliances. The initiative involves a collaboration across societal sectors (civil society, business, government) and has used the idea of a product-service system to develop an appliance rental system for energy-poor households. As these kinds of “cross-sectoral” collaborations hold promise for contributing to complex societal issues but are notoriously hard to develop, we set out to trace the entrepreneurial process that brought the collaboration into being. To do so, this paper builds on and elaborates insights from institutional theory on organizations. More specifically we start off from Hjorth & Reay's (2022) recent account of institutional entrepreneuring and further develops it in relation to the empirical case of Papillon. In doing so, we arrive at a theoretical-analytic framework that focusses on entrepreneurs' configurational boundary work in the context of diverging institutional logics. In the analysis we show how four modes of boundary work – probing, arranging, buffering, coalescing – play a decisive role in bringing about a collaborative rental system for appliances that is attuned to the lifeworld of households in energy poverty. Our paper aims to contribute by (1) presenting and analysing a cross-sectoral approach to provide energy-poor households with access to essential appliances (2) developing a framework that brings novel insights into the formation of cross-sectoral initiatives that aim to create social value.
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