人文科学最新文献

Illness is often understood as a disruption of ordinary temporality, fracturing narrative continuity, constricting horizons of possibility, and immersing sufferers in the slow, uncertain rhythms of waiting. Drawing on phenomenology, existential philosophy, pathography, and East Asian wisdom traditions, this article examines the relationship between growing ill and growing still, being a patient and developing patience. While contemporary accounts of illness have richly described experiences of temporal distortion, boredom, loss, and desynchronization, less attention has been given to the possibility that illness may also cultivate forms of composure, attentiveness, and moral endurance. We argue that the temporal disruptions associated with illness, disability, and aging, by interrupting the accelerated rhythms of late modern life, can create opportunities for stillness, presence, and renewed responsiveness. For this we coin the term st/illness. We also distinguish between being a patient, insofar as it connotes passivity and dependence, and being patient, an active virtue that allows one to meet the temporal demands imposed by bodily limitation and breakdown. While not minimizing or romanticizing the physical and emotional suffering often associated with illness, the article explores how illness can also function as a pharmakon in the Greek sense-both poison and remedy-revealing possibilities for resonance, contemplative presence, and existential transformation. This offers a framework for understanding how patients may sometimes flourish within, rather than despite the altered temporalities of illness.

This article introduces moral enregisterment: how dialects acquire moral value, not merely social indexicality, through mediated performance. Analyzing Tash Ma Tash (1993–2011), Saudi Arabia's landmark sketch series, we show how Urban Najdi indexes bureaucratic rationality, Urban Hijazi indices affective civility, and Southern varieties are enregistered as authentic yet institutionally marginal. Naming initiates this process: character names prime moral expectations before speech begins, one mechanism through which moral enregisterment operates. Through affirmative satire, the series grants marginalized voices emotional visibility while withholding institutional authority. This study extends enregisterment theory from social typification to the production of evaluative stance.

This article examines the controversies around the surgical treatment of cataract in France during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. By analysing the various phases that led to the abandonment of the traditional technique of couching the crystalline lens and to the adoption of crystalline extraction, this paper argues that the shift away from the traditional method was driven not mainly by the superiority of the new technique, but rather by its association with the emancipation of surgery from medicine in the eighteenth century, and the recognition of ophthalmology as a medical specialty in the following century.

From a sample of the most prominent Greek city-states, data involving a total of 999 hoards and 160,007 coins from 550 to 300 BC were collected to discern the relative magnitudes, consistency of issue, and distribution of Classical Greek coinages. Of the city-states in this sample, the data display the widespread international use of several Classical Greek coinages. Most notable amongst these are the proliferation of Corinthian-style coinage in Sicily and Italy and the penetration of Athenian coinage into non-Greek areas such as the Levant and Egypt. The international movement of coins bolsters other forms of evidence for trade between Mediterranean civilizations in antiquity. Foreign imitations of the most successful internationally circulating coinages are also quantified and discussed.

Background: Lack of informed consent is the main ethical challenge in human fetal and embryological collections as it violates autonomy, disregards cultural sensitivities, and reflects historical injustices. It is essential that where future frameworks are established, they are codesigned with relevant communities.

Methods: A survey was used to assess the perceptions of the public toward human fetal and embryological collections, with a focus on informed consent. The study analyzed the results through the lens of macro, meso, and micro ethics, with the consideration of chrono and exo ethics.

Results: Researchers collected 313 responses. More than half of the participants (56.5%; n = 177) perceived that there would be value in establishing new human fetal and embryological collections. Women without a history of pregnancy, and regular blood donors (p < 0.005) indicated a preference for obtaining fetal and embryological whole remains, with informed consent (38.4%; n = 76/198). In terms of who institutions should accept donations from, 46.3% (n = 145) of the participants expressed that donations should be accepted from both parental sources.

Conclusion: The results demonstrate discomfort towards collections without informed consent, which should be considered at the chrono, macro, meso, and micro ethical levels.