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Developing an In-House Application for Hazardous Chemicals Management 开发危险化学品管理内部应用程序
IF 0.73 Q2 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Pub Date : 2024-09-19 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chas.4c00062
Mircea-Alexandru Comănescu
In Europe, unaligned regulatory requirements between the EU and member states often require that researchers and educators undertake additional labor intensive activities to ensure that the institutions where they work do not fall short of meeting both requirements. Because manually introducing information piecemeal from thousands of Safety Data Sheets (SDSs) into other required lists is labor intensive, this project provides a stand-alone application that can populate the required information within minutes and be easily used by any employee. Though the application is currently limited to the Romanian language and there are certain improvements that can be addressed within the script, as it stands, the application can fulfill its purpose.
在欧洲,欧盟和成员国之间的监管要求不一致,这往往要求研究人员和教育工作者开展额外的劳动密集型活动,以确保他们工作的机构不会同时满足这两项要求。由于将成千上万份安全数据表(SDS)中的信息零散地手动导入到其他要求的列表中需要耗费大量人力,因此本项目提供了一个独立的应用程序,可以在几分钟内填充所需的信息,任何员工都可以轻松使用。虽然该应用程序目前仅限于使用罗马尼亚语,而且脚本中还存在一些需要改进的地方,但就目前而言,该应用程序已经达到了预期目的。
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引用次数: 0
Calix[4]resorcinarenes as Stable, Metal-Free Unexplored and Unfathomed Material for Iodine Capture: Experimental and Theoretical Insights 钙并[4]间苯二酚作为稳定的、不含金属的、未探索和未知的碘俘获材料:实验和理论启示
IF 0.73 Q2 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Pub Date : 2024-09-11 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chas.4c00037
Gopika Jagannivasan, Jayasree G Elambalassery, Suja Haridas
While nuclear power offers a viable solution to the ever-growing energy demands, the piling up of nuclear waste remains a looming threat, endangering life on Earth. Safe disposal of radionuclides, especially highly volatile ones such as iodine, is a grave concern to be addressed for operational safety. Even though porous adsorbents for iodine capture have been widely investigated, less focus has been directed toward nonporous materials. Herein, we describe the synthesis of nonporous, macrocyclic Calix[4]resorcinarenes (C4Rs) via a near solventless green protocol mediated by Keggin-type phosphovanadotungstic acid and avoiding the use of mineral acids. The applicability of the synthesized C4Rs for iodine absorption at elevated temperatures has been explored. Facile synthesis strategy and metal-free nature coupled with moisture and temperature stability endorse our interest in C4Rs as highly attractive substrates for iodine sorption, with the substituent functionalities playing an important role in adsorption efficiency. We hereby report a novel C4R, DEAS, with an exceptional iodine sorption capability. The retention of iodine in the macrocyclic framework, mainly in the form of polyiodides, could be ascertained through a detailed characterization. The adsorption was found to follow pseudo-second-order kinetics. The adsorption of iodine from an aqueous solution was also subjected to investigation. Furthermore, theoretical investigation into the guest–host interactions between C4Rs and I2 has been attempted for better insights.
虽然核能为日益增长的能源需求提供了可行的解决方案,但核废料的堆积仍然是一个迫在眉睫的威胁,危及地球上的生命。安全处置放射性核素,尤其是碘等高挥发性放射性核素,是确保运行安全的一个严重问题。尽管用于碘捕获的多孔吸附剂已被广泛研究,但对无孔材料的关注却较少。在本文中,我们介绍了通过一种近乎无溶剂的绿色方案,在凯金型磷钒钨酸的介导下,避免使用矿物酸,合成无孔大环钙[4]间苯二酚(C4Rs)的过程。研究人员探索了合成的 C4Rs 在高温下吸收碘的适用性。简便的合成策略和无金属特性以及湿度和温度稳定性使我们对 C4Rs 作为极具吸引力的碘吸附基质产生了浓厚的兴趣,而取代基的官能度在吸附效率方面起着重要作用。我们在此报告一种新型 C4R--DEAS,它具有卓越的碘吸附能力。碘在大环框架中的保留主要以聚碘化物的形式存在,这一点可以通过详细的表征来确定。研究发现,吸附过程遵循伪二阶动力学。此外,还对水溶液中碘的吸附进行了研究。此外,还尝试对 C4Rs 和 I2 之间的客体-主体相互作用进行理论研究,以获得更好的见解。
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引用次数: 0
Risk Assessment of Ammonia Fueled Ships: Consequences on Human Health of Ammonia Releases from Damaged Fuel Storage Tanks 氨燃料船舶的风险评估:受损燃料储存罐释放氨气对人类健康的影响
IF 0.73 Q2 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Pub Date : 2024-09-09 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chas.4c00044
Benedetta Masia, Ming Yang, Valerio Cozzani
Ammonia is a promising fuel for decarbonizing the shipping industry, but its safety compared to traditional maritime fossil fuels remains questionable. As more projects explore ammonia-fueled vessels, safety concerns, particularly the acute toxicity and risks of ammonia release, are paramount. This research focused on the effects of accidental ammonia releases during ship-to-ship collisions, affecting ammonia tank integrity. We examined various release scenarios, considering factors like tank types and locations, breach sizes and positions, weather conditions, and dispersion patterns, using PHAST software for modeling. Results indicated that semipressurized tanks pose greater health risks on human health than fully refrigerated ones. Underwater releases are less hazardous, as a significant amount of ammonia dissolves before surfacing. Mitigation efforts, such as water curtains and containment basins, were evaluated for their effectiveness in minimizing the impact of ammonia releases. These measures significantly reduce risks to nearby populations but are less effective for crew safety onboard. This underscores the challenge of ensuring onboard safety in ammonia-fueled vessels, highlighting the need for innovative and effective safety design.
氨是一种有望实现航运业脱碳的燃料,但与传统的海运化石燃料相比,氨的安全性仍然值得怀疑。随着越来越多的项目开始探索以氨为燃料的船舶,安全问题,尤其是氨释放的急性毒性和风险,成为了首要问题。这项研究的重点是船对船碰撞时氨气意外释放的影响,以及氨气罐的完整性。我们使用 PHAST 软件进行建模,在考虑了储罐类型和位置、破口大小和位置、天气条件和扩散模式等因素后,研究了各种释放情况。结果表明,半加压储罐比全冷藏储罐对人体健康造成的风险更大。水下释放的危害较小,因为大量的氨在浮出水面之前就已经溶解。对水帘和隔离池等缓解措施进行了评估,以确定它们在最大限度地减少氨气排放的影响方面是否有效。这些措施大大降低了对附近居民的风险,但对船上船员的安全却不太有效。这凸显了在以氨为燃料的船舶上确保船上安全所面临的挑战,强调了创新和有效安全设计的必要性。
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引用次数: 0
Preparation of Fe-doped In2S3/In2O3 Composite for Photocatalytic Degradation of Tetracycline 制备用于光催化降解四环素的掺铁 In2S3/In2O3 复合材料
IF 0.73 Q2 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Pub Date : 2024-08-31 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chas.4c00043
Tongming Su, Zichun Chen, Xuan Luo, Xinling Xie, Zuzeng Qin, Hongbing Ji
Tetracycline (TC) is not only a threat to aquatic ecosystems and the health of organisms but also a crucial contributor to the drug resistance of bacteria. The photodegradation of TC is an effective strategy for overcoming antibiotic pollution in the water environment. Fe–In2O3/In2S3 composites were successfully synthesized via a hydrothermal method for the photocatalytic degradation of TC under visible light illumination. When the Fe doping content was 2%, the degradation rate of TC by the 2% Fe–In2O3/In2S3 composite under visible light irradiation reached 92.4%, which was higher than that of 41.5% for In2O3/In2S3, 86.7% for 1% Fe–In2O3/In2S3 and 79% for 3% Fe–In2O3/In2S3. The photodegradation of tetracycline on Fe–In2O3/In2S3 was a first-order reaction under visible light. The rate constant of photocatalytic tetracycline degradation was 5.12 × 10–3 min–1, which was 4.1 times greater than the rate constant of In2O3/In2S3. The characterization results revealed the excellent separation efficiency of the 2% Fe–In2O3/In2S3 composites for photogenerated electron–hole pairs, which increased the photodegradation efficiency. Furthermore, under the most suitable reaction conditions, the photodegradation rate of tetracycline was 92.4%. A mechanistic study revealed that the doping of Fe ions effectively improved the transfer efficiency of photoproduced charges and inhibited the combination of photoproduced electron–hole pairs, thereby improving the photocatalytic performance of the material and achieving efficient oxidative degradation of tetracycline.
四环素(TC)不仅对水生生态系统和生物健康构成威胁,也是导致细菌产生耐药性的重要因素。光降解四环素是解决水环境中抗生素污染问题的有效策略。通过水热法成功合成了 Fe-In2O3/In2S3 复合材料,用于在可见光照射下光催化降解 TC。当Fe掺杂量为2%时,2%Fe-In2O3/In2S3复合材料在可见光照射下对三氯甲烷的降解率达到92.4%,高于In2O3/In2S3的41.5%、1%Fe-In2O3/In2S3的86.7%和3%Fe-In2O3/In2S3的79%。在可见光下,Fe-In2O3/In2S3 对四环素的光降解是一阶反应。光催化降解四环素的速率常数为 5.12 × 10-3 min-1,是 In2O3/In2S3 的速率常数的 4.1 倍。表征结果表明,2% Fe-In2O3/In2S3 复合材料对光生电子-空穴对具有极佳的分离效率,从而提高了光降解效率。此外,在最合适的反应条件下,四环素的光降解率为 92.4%。机理研究表明,铁离子的掺杂有效提高了光生电荷的转移效率,抑制了光生电子-空穴对的结合,从而提高了材料的光催化性能,实现了四环素的高效氧化降解。
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引用次数: 0
The Gist of the List 清单要点
IF 0.73 Q2 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Pub Date : 2024-08-30 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chas.4c00080
Lauren Goulding
This article references 10 other publications. This article has not yet been cited by other publications.
本文引用了 10 篇其他出版物。本文尚未被其他出版物引用。
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引用次数: 0
Applying Hazardous Area Classification in Laboratories 在实验室中应用危险区域分类法
IF 0.73 Q2 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Pub Date : 2024-08-27 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chas.4c00041
Jeremy Lebowitz
Laboratories contain many common sources of flammable gas and vapor which can pose a fire or explosion hazard in the presence of a competent ignition source. While all facilities handling hazardous materials should follow the hierarchy of process safety controls, the nature of research laboratories is often such that flammable vapors or gases are unavoidable. Accordingly, the use of hazardous area electrical classification is a key component of an overall ignition source control strategy. This article outlines major concepts associated with area classification for vapors and gases in the context of the hierarchy of controls, and offers practical suggestions for how to limit risk in research laboratories.
实验室中有许多常见的易燃气体和蒸汽来源,如果有合适的点火源,就会造成火灾或爆炸危险。虽然所有处理危险材料的设施都应遵循流程安全控制的等级制度,但研究实验室的性质往往决定了易燃蒸汽或气体是不可避免的。因此,使用危险区域电气分类是整体点火源控制策略的关键组成部分。本文从控制层次的角度概述了与蒸汽和气体区域划分相关的主要概念,并就如何限制研究实验室的风险提出了实用建议。
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引用次数: 0
Ionizing Radiation Exposure at Interventional Cardiology Practices in Bangladesh 孟加拉国介入心脏病学诊所的电离辐射暴露情况
IF 0.73 Q2 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Pub Date : 2024-08-27 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chas.3c00116
Shahadat Hossain, M. M. Mahfuz Siraz, Md. Zakir Hossain, Selina Yeasmin
With the use of traditional thermoluminescence dosimeters (TLDs), this study was carried out to determine the effective dose and its trend in order to ensure radiation safety at interventional cardiology practices in Bangladeshi hospitals. Between 2015 and 2019, 1015 radiation workers in Bangladesh who were under observation for their personal dose equivalent were reported. There were 417 physicians among them, while the remaining personnel included radiological technologists, physicists, and other medical staff members. To measure the exposure dose, a conventional TLD-100 (LiF:Mg, Ti) was used. A Harshaw TLD reader (Model 4500) was used to read the TLDs on a quarterly basis. All of the monitored workers, who made up around 19.11% of the total, had ionizing radiation exposure below the limit established by international organizations. The Mann–Kendall trend test and Sen’s slope estimator were also applied to the annual collective effective doses, and it showed a decreasing trend over the time frame. The current state of occupational exposure and its trends show that most workplaces have effective radiation protective measures in place.
通过使用传统的热释光剂量计(TLD),本研究确定了有效剂量及其变化趋势,以确保孟加拉国医院介入心脏病学实践中的辐射安全。据报告,2015 年至 2019 年期间,孟加拉国有 1015 名辐射工作人员接受了个人剂量当量观察。其中有417名医生,其余人员包括放射技术人员、物理学家和其他医务人员。为了测量照射剂量,使用了传统的 TLD-100 (LiF:Mg, Ti)。哈肖公司的 TLD 读取器(4500 型)每季度读取一次 TLD。所有接受监测的工人(约占总人数的 19.11%)的电离辐照量均低于国际组织规定的限值。曼-肯德尔趋势测试和森氏斜率估算器也被应用于年度集体有效剂量,结果显示在一段时间内呈下降趋势。职业辐照的现状及其趋势表明,大多数工作场所都采取了有效的辐射防护措施。
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引用次数: 0
Using AI to Improve Writing Creativity, Productivity, and Quality 利用人工智能提高写作的创造力、生产力和质量
IF 0.73 Q2 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Pub Date : 2024-08-22 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chas.4c00070
Philip Vassallo
Citing continuous improvements in artificial intelligence (AI) and growing endorsements for its use during every phase of the writing process, the author suggests practical techniques for using AI in writing at work for creative planning, productive drafting, and improved revising, editing, and proofreading.
作者引证了人工智能(AI)的不断进步以及在写作过程的各个阶段使用人工智能的日益广泛的认可,提出了在工作中使用人工智能进行创意规划、高效起草以及改进修改、编辑和校对的实用写作技巧。
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引用次数: 0
How Should Journals Address a Procedure That Turns out to Be Dangerous? 期刊应如何处理有危险的手术?
IF 0.73 Q2 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Pub Date : 2024-08-17 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chas.4c00005
Orikeda Trashi, Neha Satish, Thien-Quang Nicholas Nguyen, Jeremiah J. Gassensmith, Mary Beth Mulcahy
This Commentary critically evaluates scientific journals’ responsibility in addressing safety concerns within chemical research publications. We highlight the risks associated with uncritically accepting initial safety claims in the chemical literature, especially when such claims are later retracted or corrected. Our analysis focuses on three specific cases where procedures initially deemed safe necessitated significant safety corrections, and we emphasize the inadequate response of the publishing community to these updates. It is important to note that safety corrections often remain less visible and less cited than the original flawed publications. We scrutinize the mechanisms publishers employ for marking safety-related corrections and retractions and find them inconsistent and insufficiently visible to alert researchers, particularly trainees and those with less experience. We propose more effective strategies to enhance the clarity and prominence of safety information, including mandatory peer-review by chemical safety specialists and prominent watermarking of papers with safety corrections. We also advocate for authors and reviewers to use a safety checklist that includes detailed hazard identification, clear storage and handling instructions, and justification of hazardous reagents. Our Commentary underscores the shared responsibility across the scientific ecosystem in maintaining safety standards, advocating for a proactive role by journal publishers in protecting researchers from hazardous procedures and compounds, thus prioritizing safety in the publication of chemical research.
本评论批判性地评估了科学期刊在解决化学研究出版物中的安全问题方面的责任。我们强调了不加批判地接受化学文献中最初的安全声明所带来的风险,尤其是当这些声明后来被撤回或更正时。我们重点分析了三个具体案例,在这些案例中,最初被认为安全的程序必须进行重大的安全更正,我们强调了出版界对这些更新的反应不足。值得注意的是,与最初有缺陷的出版物相比,安全更正往往不那么引人注意,引用率也较低。我们仔细研究了出版商用于标记与安全相关的更正和撤稿的机制,发现这些机制并不一致,而且对于提醒研究人员,尤其是实习生和经验不足的研究人员来说,不够明显。我们提出了更有效的策略,以提高安全信息的清晰度和显著性,包括由化学安全专家进行强制性同行评审,以及在论文的显著位置标注安全更正水印。我们还提倡作者和审稿人使用安全检查表,其中包括详细的危险识别、清晰的储存和处理说明以及危险试剂的正当理由。我们的评论强调了整个科学生态系统在维护安全标准方面的共同责任,倡导期刊出版商在保护研究人员免受危险程序和化合物影响方面发挥积极作用,从而将化学研究的出版安全放在首位。
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引用次数: 0
Supplemental Material for Assessing the Safety and Efficacy of Prescribing Psychologists in New Mexico and Louisiana 评估新墨西哥州和路易斯安那州开具心理医生处方的安全性和有效性的补充材料
IF 12.3 Q2 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Pub Date : 2024-07-25 DOI: 10.1037/amp0001373.supp
{"title":"Supplemental Material for Assessing the Safety and Efficacy of Prescribing Psychologists in New Mexico and Louisiana","authors":"","doi":"10.1037/amp0001373.supp","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/amp0001373.supp","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12,"journal":{"name":"ACS Chemical Health & Safety","volume":"68 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141802369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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