Naoto Tsuchiya, Saya Aoki, Yuki Nakayama, Goulven Cosquer, Sadafumi Nishihara, Miguel Pardo-Sainz, José Alberto Rodríguez-Velamazán, Javier Campo and Katsuya Inoue
Materials with coexistence of two or more ferroic orders are known as multiferroics. Magneto-elastic multiferroics, where ferromagnetism and ferroelasticity coexist, have been rarely reported previously. We studied the magneto-elastic multiferroic properties of two-dimensional organic–inorganic perovskites having the formulas (PEA)2MnCl4, (PEA)2CuCl4 and (PEA)2FeCl4 (PEA = C6H5C2H4NH3). All three exhibited ferroelasticity but the manganese and iron compounds showed canted antiferromagnetism and the copper one showed ferromagnetism. Also, only (PEA)2FeCl4 displayed a shift of magnetization when the sample was cooled in a magnetic field from above the magnetic ordering temperature. We propose that the magnetization shift originates from the coupling between ferroelasticity and magnetization via spin–orbit coupling (SOC). This work would shed light on understanding the coupling mechanism between ferroelasticity and magnetization towards the interesting role of SOC in ferroelastic materials.
{"title":"Coupling between ferroelasticity and magnetization in two-dimensional organic–inorganic perovskites (C6H5C2H4NH3)2MCl4 (M = Mn, Cu, Fe)†","authors":"Naoto Tsuchiya, Saya Aoki, Yuki Nakayama, Goulven Cosquer, Sadafumi Nishihara, Miguel Pardo-Sainz, José Alberto Rodríguez-Velamazán, Javier Campo and Katsuya Inoue","doi":"10.1039/D4TC04445B","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D4TC04445B","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Materials with coexistence of two or more ferroic orders are known as multiferroics. Magneto-elastic multiferroics, where ferromagnetism and ferroelasticity coexist, have been rarely reported previously. We studied the magneto-elastic multiferroic properties of two-dimensional organic–inorganic perovskites having the formulas (PEA)<small><sub>2</sub></small>MnCl<small><sub>4</sub></small>, (PEA)<small><sub>2</sub></small>CuCl<small><sub>4</sub></small> and (PEA)<small><sub>2</sub></small>FeCl<small><sub>4</sub></small> (PEA = C<small><sub>6</sub></small>H<small><sub>5</sub></small>C<small><sub>2</sub></small>H<small><sub>4</sub></small>NH<small><sub>3</sub></small>). All three exhibited ferroelasticity but the manganese and iron compounds showed canted antiferromagnetism and the copper one showed ferromagnetism. Also, only (PEA)<small><sub>2</sub></small>FeCl<small><sub>4</sub></small> displayed a shift of magnetization when the sample was cooled in a magnetic field from above the magnetic ordering temperature. We propose that the magnetization shift originates from the coupling between ferroelasticity and magnetization <em>via</em> spin–orbit coupling (SOC). This work would shed light on understanding the coupling mechanism between ferroelasticity and magnetization towards the interesting role of SOC in ferroelastic materials.</p>","PeriodicalId":84,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Chemistry C","volume":" 6","pages":" 2661-2672"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/tc/d4tc04445b?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143361585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alexandre Py-Renaudie, Ange B. Chambissie Kameni, Paul-Alexis Pavard, Nathanaelle Schneider, Géraud Delport, Pallavi Singh, Damien Aureau, Mathieu Frégnaux, David Cahen, Jean-François Guillemoles and Philip Schulz
In recent years, the photovoltaic community has shown a growing interest in lead-free halides perovskites (HaPs), i.e., ABX3 where B ≠ Pb, A = monovalent cation and X = halide, as candidates to solve some of the issues inherent to their lead-based cousins. The gold HaP family (A2Au2X6, with mono- and tri-valent Au) is one such example and has been getting increasing attention from theoretical and experimental points of view. In particular, because of the mixed valence character of the gold species, the compounds are double perovskites, A2AuIAuIIIX6. We report a simple synthesis route to obtain inorganic gold HaP (Cs2AuIAuIIIX6, with X = I, Br, Cl) powders at low temperatures, and present thermodynamic constants associated with these materials. We confirm the structure of the compounds by XRD and Raman spectroscopy in accordance with the mixed valence character of the Au species. Additional chemical analyses using XPS and SEM/EDX confirm the stoichiometry of the compounds, though surface iodine deficiency was observed for Cs2AuIAuIIIX6. These results further elucidate the potential of these materials for optoelectronic applications. We report the photoluminescence (PL) spectra for this family of materials to demonstrate their potential photo-activity, with bandgaps in the range of 1.4 eV to 1 eV. Hence, our results open the door to dedicated studies of gold halide perovskites towards possible future integration of these materials in optoelectronics, such as photovoltaic (PV) applications.
{"title":"Low-temperature synthesis of mixed valence gold halide perovskites and exploration of their photoluminescence properties†","authors":"Alexandre Py-Renaudie, Ange B. Chambissie Kameni, Paul-Alexis Pavard, Nathanaelle Schneider, Géraud Delport, Pallavi Singh, Damien Aureau, Mathieu Frégnaux, David Cahen, Jean-François Guillemoles and Philip Schulz","doi":"10.1039/D4TC01056F","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D4TC01056F","url":null,"abstract":"<p >In recent years, the photovoltaic community has shown a growing interest in lead-free halides perovskites (HaPs), <em>i.e.</em>, ABX<small><sub>3</sub></small> where B ≠ Pb, A = monovalent cation and X = halide, as candidates to solve some of the issues inherent to their lead-based cousins. The gold HaP family (A<small><sub>2</sub></small>Au<small><sub>2</sub></small>X<small><sub>6</sub></small>, with mono- and tri-valent Au) is one such example and has been getting increasing attention from theoretical and experimental points of view. In particular, because of the mixed valence character of the gold species, the compounds are double perovskites, A<small><sub>2</sub></small>Au<small><sup>I</sup></small>Au<small><sup>III</sup></small>X<small><sub>6</sub></small>. We report a simple synthesis route to obtain inorganic gold HaP (Cs<small><sub>2</sub></small>Au<small><sup>I</sup></small>Au<small><sup>III</sup></small>X<small><sub>6</sub></small>, with X = I, Br, Cl) powders at low temperatures, and present thermodynamic constants associated with these materials. We confirm the structure of the compounds by XRD and Raman spectroscopy in accordance with the mixed valence character of the Au species. Additional chemical analyses using XPS and SEM/EDX confirm the stoichiometry of the compounds, though surface iodine deficiency was observed for Cs<small><sub>2</sub></small>Au<small><sup>I</sup></small>Au<small><sup>III</sup></small>X<small><sub>6</sub></small>. These results further elucidate the potential of these materials for optoelectronic applications. We report the photoluminescence (PL) spectra for this family of materials to demonstrate their potential photo-activity, with bandgaps in the range of 1.4 eV to 1 eV. Hence, our results open the door to dedicated studies of gold halide perovskites towards possible future integration of these materials in optoelectronics, such as photovoltaic (PV) applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":84,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Chemistry C","volume":" 6","pages":" 2646-2653"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143361583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yamei Ding, Mingyu Xie, Ping He, Ziqi Zhao, Huiwen Lin and Li Tao
Wide-bandgap quantum dots (QDs) have recognized as the third generation of low-dimensional semiconductors with reliable optical response, outstanding stability and biocompatibility for long-term biosensing in health care applications, especially in extreme environments. However, the applicable scenarios are limited, because optical switching over a large span from the wide bandgap (deep UV region) to the visible region is challenging due to the stable framework and the high breakdown difficulty. In this work, we adopted a facile protonation/deprotonation treatment process, which is suitable for different biogenic environments, to modulate the one-photon and two-photon fluorescence of wide-bandgap QDs. Two fluorescent centers are coordinative to control one-photon emission from deep blue (410 nm) to yellow (585 nm) emission with a wide large-span modulation, superior to most reports under different acid–base environments. The electron transition between electron-donating amine (–NH2) groups and H+ (–OH) changes the degree of nonradiative transition, narrowing the breadth of the full width at half maximum (FWHM) by 34.4%. Moreover, our QDs exhibit two-photon fluorescence at 710 nm, which have never reported before for wide-bandgap nitrides. It shows pH-independent two-photon fluorescence because of the intrinsic electron–phonon coupling of the π-conjugated structure. This work introduces a simple design strategy to realize fluorescence control over a large span in wide-bandgap nanomaterials, enabling distensible applications in biological health and pH related linear or nonlinear optical fields.
{"title":"Wide-bandgap quantum dots with large-span fluorescence switching and two-photon emission via protonation/deprotonation†","authors":"Yamei Ding, Mingyu Xie, Ping He, Ziqi Zhao, Huiwen Lin and Li Tao","doi":"10.1039/D4TC04911J","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D4TC04911J","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Wide-bandgap quantum dots (QDs) have recognized as the third generation of low-dimensional semiconductors with reliable optical response, outstanding stability and biocompatibility for long-term biosensing in health care applications, especially in extreme environments. However, the applicable scenarios are limited, because optical switching over a large span from the wide bandgap (deep UV region) to the visible region is challenging due to the stable framework and the high breakdown difficulty. In this work, we adopted a facile protonation/deprotonation treatment process, which is suitable for different biogenic environments, to modulate the one-photon and two-photon fluorescence of wide-bandgap QDs. Two fluorescent centers are coordinative to control one-photon emission from deep blue (410 nm) to yellow (585 nm) emission with a wide large-span modulation, superior to most reports under different acid–base environments. The electron transition between electron-donating amine (–NH<small><sub>2</sub></small>) groups and H<small><sup>+</sup></small> (–OH) changes the degree of nonradiative transition, narrowing the breadth of the full width at half maximum (FWHM) by 34.4%. Moreover, our QDs exhibit two-photon fluorescence at 710 nm, which have never reported before for wide-bandgap nitrides. It shows pH-independent two-photon fluorescence because of the intrinsic electron–phonon coupling of the π-conjugated structure. This work introduces a simple design strategy to realize fluorescence control over a large span in wide-bandgap nanomaterials, enabling distensible applications in biological health and pH related linear or nonlinear optical fields.</p>","PeriodicalId":84,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Chemistry C","volume":" 7","pages":" 3193-3198"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/tc/d4tc04911j?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143404076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Detection of mechanical stresses requires microscopic molecular motion triggered by macroscopically applied force. Polydiacetylene (PDA), a stimuli-responsive color-changing material, generally has no responsiveness to compression stresses. We found that a layered PDA with weakened interlayer interactions exhibits direct visible color changes in response to compression stresses. An amphiphilic diacetylene (DA) monomer, 1-(10,12-pentacosadiynyl) pyridinium bromide (PCPy+Br−), formed a lamellar structure with weakened interlayer and intermolecular interactions originating from the bulky cations and anions in the interlayer space. The resultant PDA exhibited blue-to-red color changes in response to compression stresses (P) in the range of 2.5–125 MPa. In previous works, visible detection of P < 50 MPa without excitation light has not been achieved using only mechanoresponsive materials. Moreover, the compression-stress distribution was visualized using the PDA-coated paper substrate.
{"title":"Two-dimensional conjugated polymers with weakened interlayer interaction for highly sensitive visible responsiveness to compression stresses†","authors":"Yui Takeuchi, Hiroaki Imai and Yuya Oaki","doi":"10.1039/D5TC00158G","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5TC00158G","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Detection of mechanical stresses requires microscopic molecular motion triggered by macroscopically applied force. Polydiacetylene (PDA), a stimuli-responsive color-changing material, generally has no responsiveness to compression stresses. We found that a layered PDA with weakened interlayer interactions exhibits direct visible color changes in response to compression stresses. An amphiphilic diacetylene (DA) monomer, 1-(10,12-pentacosadiynyl) pyridinium bromide (PCPy<small><sup>+</sup></small>Br<small><sup>−</sup></small>), formed a lamellar structure with weakened interlayer and intermolecular interactions originating from the bulky cations and anions in the interlayer space. The resultant PDA exhibited blue-to-red color changes in response to compression stresses (<em>P</em>) in the range of 2.5–125 MPa. In previous works, visible detection of <em>P</em> < 50 MPa without excitation light has not been achieved using only mechanoresponsive materials. Moreover, the compression-stress distribution was visualized using the PDA-coated paper substrate.</p>","PeriodicalId":84,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Chemistry C","volume":" 7","pages":" 3209-3214"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143404054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Molecular solar thermal fuel (STF) systems harness solar energy from solar radiation and store it as chemical energy. The stored energy is released as heat in the presence of suitable stimuli. Recently, azobenzene and its several derivatives have largely been used to develop molecular solar thermal fuel systems. These molecules photoisomerize into a metastable state and store the solar energy. Various techniques are applied to tune the isomerization enthalpy, thermal back half-life and stability of the STF materials at the molecular level. In addition, the intermolecular assembly of the azo-molecules in an STF material plays an important role in altering the system's energy storage efficiency. A precise arrangement of photochromic compounds can be achieved by adjusting the chemical structures of the photoswitches, anchoring the photoswitches to a polymer/carbon-based material or attaching a phase-changing material to the photoswitches. These methodologies significantly alter the energy density and storage timing of the system. This review focuses on how suitable modulations of the molecular assembly nature of the photoswitches can be exploited to achieve highly efficient STF materials. Major factors, such as the structural design of the photochromes and different templating technologies, are addressed in detail. The proposed idea of tuning the molecular assembly in STF materials will provide rational guidance and facilitate the future development of efficient STF materials for large-scale applications in the field of renewable energy sources.
{"title":"Tuning molecular assembly to enhance azobenzene-based solar thermal fuel efficiency","authors":"Saugata Sahu and Santosh Kumar Behera","doi":"10.1039/D4TC02993C","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D4TC02993C","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Molecular solar thermal fuel (STF) systems harness solar energy from solar radiation and store it as chemical energy. The stored energy is released as heat in the presence of suitable stimuli. Recently, azobenzene and its several derivatives have largely been used to develop molecular solar thermal fuel systems. These molecules photoisomerize into a metastable state and store the solar energy. Various techniques are applied to tune the isomerization enthalpy, thermal back half-life and stability of the STF materials at the molecular level. In addition, the intermolecular assembly of the azo-molecules in an STF material plays an important role in altering the system's energy storage efficiency. A precise arrangement of photochromic compounds can be achieved by adjusting the chemical structures of the photoswitches, anchoring the photoswitches to a polymer/carbon-based material or attaching a phase-changing material to the photoswitches. These methodologies significantly alter the energy density and storage timing of the system. This review focuses on how suitable modulations of the molecular assembly nature of the photoswitches can be exploited to achieve highly efficient STF materials. Major factors, such as the structural design of the photochromes and different templating technologies, are addressed in detail. The proposed idea of tuning the molecular assembly in STF materials will provide rational guidance and facilitate the future development of efficient STF materials for large-scale applications in the field of renewable energy sources.</p>","PeriodicalId":84,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Chemistry C","volume":" 7","pages":" 3167-3192"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143404075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Marco Serra, Nikolas Antonatos, Luc Lajaunie, Josep Albero, Hermenegildo Garcia, Mouyi Weng, Lorenzo Bastonero, Kalyan Jyoti Sarkar, Rui Gusmão, Jan Luxa, Rafał Bartoszewicz, Jakub Ziembicki, Iva Plutnarová, Nicola Marzari, Robert Kudrawiec, Zdenek Sofer
Due to their attractive band gap properties and van der Waals structure, 2D binary chalcogenide materials have been widely investigated in the last decade, finding applications in several fields such as catalysis, spintronics, and optoelectronics. Ternary 2D chalcogenide materials are a subject of growing interest in materials science due to their superior chemical tunability which endows tailored properties to the devices prepared thereof. In the family of AIIBIII2XVI4, ordered ZnIn2S4-like based photocatalytic systems have been studied meticulously. In contrast, reports on disordered phases appear to a minor extent. Herein, a photoelectrochemical (PEC) detector based on the pseudo-binary MnIn2Se4 system is presented. A combination of optical measurements and DFT calculations confirmed that the nature of the bandgap in MnIn2Se4 is indirect. Its performance outclasses that of parent compounds, reaching responsivity values of 8.41 mA W-1. The role of the non-centrosymmetric crystal structure is briefly discussed as a possible cause of improved charge separation of the photogenerated charge carriers.
{"title":"A photodetector based on the non-centrosymmetric 2D pseudo-binary chalcogenide MnIn<sub>2</sub>Se<sub>4</sub>.","authors":"Marco Serra, Nikolas Antonatos, Luc Lajaunie, Josep Albero, Hermenegildo Garcia, Mouyi Weng, Lorenzo Bastonero, Kalyan Jyoti Sarkar, Rui Gusmão, Jan Luxa, Rafał Bartoszewicz, Jakub Ziembicki, Iva Plutnarová, Nicola Marzari, Robert Kudrawiec, Zdenek Sofer","doi":"10.1039/d4tc04380d","DOIUrl":"10.1039/d4tc04380d","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Due to their attractive band gap properties and van der Waals structure, 2D binary chalcogenide materials have been widely investigated in the last decade, finding applications in several fields such as catalysis, spintronics, and optoelectronics. Ternary 2D chalcogenide materials are a subject of growing interest in materials science due to their superior chemical tunability which endows tailored properties to the devices prepared thereof. In the family of A<sup>II</sup>B<sup>III</sup> <sub>2</sub>X<sup>VI</sup> <sub>4</sub>, ordered ZnIn<sub>2</sub>S<sub>4</sub>-like based photocatalytic systems have been studied meticulously. In contrast, reports on disordered phases appear to a minor extent. Herein, a photoelectrochemical (PEC) detector based on the pseudo-binary MnIn<sub>2</sub>Se<sub>4</sub> system is presented. A combination of optical measurements and DFT calculations confirmed that the nature of the bandgap in MnIn<sub>2</sub>Se<sub>4</sub> is indirect. Its performance outclasses that of parent compounds, reaching responsivity values of 8.41 mA W<sup>-1</sup>. The role of the non-centrosymmetric crystal structure is briefly discussed as a possible cause of improved charge separation of the photogenerated charge carriers.</p>","PeriodicalId":84,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Chemistry C","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11783042/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143078017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wei Tao, Yufeng Xue, Qinhua Hu, Ling Yin, Ye Liu, Thomas Maurer and Monika Fleischer
Flexible mechano-optical sensors (FMOS) achieve quantitative sensing of mechanical stimuli by monitoring changes in optical response, and due to the incorporation of a polymeric matrix/substrate, they exhibit high flexibility, elasticity, and biocompatibility. This wireless and visualized sensing capability offers potential for both in situ and in vivo applications. In this review, we delve into the mechanisms and developments of two types of FMOS: “active” mechanoluminescence (ML) and “passive” mechanoplasmonics (MP). The focus is on how ML particles and polymers can be combined in various configurations (such as bulk, laminar, and woven blending systems) to yield robust, multifunctional, and hybrid optical/electrical properties, exploring their potentials in engineering, information, and wearable/implantable applications. Additionally, the tunability of ML intensity and emission color under mechanical and various environmental stimuli is summarized, leading to a discussion on the versatile MP nanostructures. With their sophisticated artificial design, MP demonstrates promise for both small-scale sensing and high-level control over spectral wavelength and intensity. Lastly, based on current research on ML and MP, challenges and prospects for combining these two technologies to advance the field of FMOS are proposed.
{"title":"Flexible mechano-optical sensors from mechanoluminescence to mechanoplasmonics: designs, applications, and prospects","authors":"Wei Tao, Yufeng Xue, Qinhua Hu, Ling Yin, Ye Liu, Thomas Maurer and Monika Fleischer","doi":"10.1039/D4TC04762A","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D4TC04762A","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Flexible mechano-optical sensors (FMOS) achieve quantitative sensing of mechanical stimuli by monitoring changes in optical response, and due to the incorporation of a polymeric matrix/substrate, they exhibit high flexibility, elasticity, and biocompatibility. This wireless and visualized sensing capability offers potential for both <em>in situ</em> and <em>in vivo</em> applications. In this review, we delve into the mechanisms and developments of two types of FMOS: “active” mechanoluminescence (ML) and “passive” mechanoplasmonics (MP). The focus is on how ML particles and polymers can be combined in various configurations (such as bulk, laminar, and woven blending systems) to yield robust, multifunctional, and hybrid optical/electrical properties, exploring their potentials in engineering, information, and wearable/implantable applications. Additionally, the tunability of ML intensity and emission color under mechanical and various environmental stimuli is summarized, leading to a discussion on the versatile MP nanostructures. With their sophisticated artificial design, MP demonstrates promise for both small-scale sensing and high-level control over spectral wavelength and intensity. Lastly, based on current research on ML and MP, challenges and prospects for combining these two technologies to advance the field of FMOS are proposed.</p>","PeriodicalId":84,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Chemistry C","volume":" 5","pages":" 2058-2090"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143107479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dong-Xue Liu, Hong Hong, Qingqi Cao, Dunhui Wang and Youwei Du
Magnetism has been recently considered to be of great significance in boosting the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) activity. In order to investigate the catalytic role of magnetism in the HER, numerous efforts mostly focus on doping magnetic elements in catalysts. However, some interfering factors such as strain and hybridization inevitably appear in this approach, which is not conducive to the study of the intrinsic relationship between magnetism and the HER. In this work, we propose a Pd thin film with thickness-dependent magnetism to explore the magnetism–activity correlation for the HER, significantly avoiding the interference of other factors. Our first-principles results show only the ferromagnetic 4 and 9 (monolayer) ML Pd films exhibit better HER activity than the nonmagnetic films with adjacent thickness, with a ΔGH* value of −0.108 eV and −0.132 eV, respectively. The results revealed that it is the ferromagnetism of the Pd active site that weakens the strength of hydrogen adsorption and improves the amount of electron transfer, thereby resulting in enhanced magnetic HER activity. Hence, our work provides direct evidence for magnetism-improved HER activity, opening up new possibilities for the rational design and modulation of high-performance catalysts for the HER.
{"title":"Thickness-dependent hydrogen evolution reaction activity on Pd films: an insightful view from magnetism†","authors":"Dong-Xue Liu, Hong Hong, Qingqi Cao, Dunhui Wang and Youwei Du","doi":"10.1039/D4TC05009F","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D4TC05009F","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Magnetism has been recently considered to be of great significance in boosting the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) activity. In order to investigate the catalytic role of magnetism in the HER, numerous efforts mostly focus on doping magnetic elements in catalysts. However, some interfering factors such as strain and hybridization inevitably appear in this approach, which is not conducive to the study of the intrinsic relationship between magnetism and the HER. In this work, we propose a Pd thin film with thickness-dependent magnetism to explore the magnetism–activity correlation for the HER, significantly avoiding the interference of other factors. Our first-principles results show only the ferromagnetic 4 and 9 (monolayer) ML Pd films exhibit better HER activity than the nonmagnetic films with adjacent thickness, with a Δ<em>G</em><small><sub>H*</sub></small> value of −0.108 eV and −0.132 eV, respectively. The results revealed that it is the ferromagnetism of the Pd active site that weakens the strength of hydrogen adsorption and improves the amount of electron transfer, thereby resulting in enhanced magnetic HER activity. Hence, our work provides direct evidence for magnetism-improved HER activity, opening up new possibilities for the rational design and modulation of high-performance catalysts for the HER.</p>","PeriodicalId":84,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Chemistry C","volume":" 5","pages":" 2135-2141"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143107482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aneela Ahmad, Haitao Dai, Shouzhong Feng, Zhenda Chen, Zolkefl Mohmaed, Abdul Aziz Khan, Xichen Hao, Yuhan Wang, Najam Iqbal and Darakhshan Mehvish
Random lasing in liquid crystals is an emerging field that combines the unique optical properties of liquid crystals with the fascinating behaviour of random lasers. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the basic principles of random lasing, highlights the unique properties of liquid crystals, and examines strategies for optimizing laser performance in this context. Furthermore, we discuss the promising applications of liquid crystal-based random lasers across diverse fields, including telecommunications, display technologies, and sensing. Despite significant progress, challenges persist in enhancing the reliability and operational stability of these systems. To address these issues, we outline potential research directions, such as integrating random lasers into new technologies and developing novel liquid crystal materials. These initiatives have the potential to drive breakthrough innovations in photonics and related fields.
{"title":"Random lasing in liquid crystals: advances, challenges, and future directions","authors":"Aneela Ahmad, Haitao Dai, Shouzhong Feng, Zhenda Chen, Zolkefl Mohmaed, Abdul Aziz Khan, Xichen Hao, Yuhan Wang, Najam Iqbal and Darakhshan Mehvish","doi":"10.1039/D4TC04871G","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D4TC04871G","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Random lasing in liquid crystals is an emerging field that combines the unique optical properties of liquid crystals with the fascinating behaviour of random lasers. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the basic principles of random lasing, highlights the unique properties of liquid crystals, and examines strategies for optimizing laser performance in this context. Furthermore, we discuss the promising applications of liquid crystal-based random lasers across diverse fields, including telecommunications, display technologies, and sensing. Despite significant progress, challenges persist in enhancing the reliability and operational stability of these systems. To address these issues, we outline potential research directions, such as integrating random lasers into new technologies and developing novel liquid crystal materials. These initiatives have the potential to drive breakthrough innovations in photonics and related fields.</p>","PeriodicalId":84,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Chemistry C","volume":" 6","pages":" 2606-2619"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143361578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ramit Kumar Mondal, You Jin Kim, Yikai Liao, Zhihua Zheng, Jiangnan Dai and Munho Kim
Solar blind ultraviolet (UV) photodetectors (PDs) based on III-nitrides, silicon carbide (SiC), and other wide bandgap semiconductors such as diamond and gallium oxide (Ga2O3) offer excellent device performance such as low dark current, high responsivity, high detectivity, and high UV/visible rejection ratio. The performance of the UV PDs can be further improved by implementing micro and nanostructures via enhanced light–matter interaction. This review paper primarily encompasses the detailed study and recent development of various approaches of dry and wet etching techniques to enable the formation of micro and nanostructures built on the aforementioned material systems. Applications of different etching techniques for the development of PDs have been reviewed subsequently. Finally, the major challenges and future direction of micro and nanostructured UV PDs are briefly discussed.
{"title":"Top-down micro and nano structuring of wide bandgap semiconductors for ultraviolet photodetection†","authors":"Ramit Kumar Mondal, You Jin Kim, Yikai Liao, Zhihua Zheng, Jiangnan Dai and Munho Kim","doi":"10.1039/D4TC03230F","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D4TC03230F","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Solar blind ultraviolet (UV) photodetectors (PDs) based on III-nitrides, silicon carbide (SiC), and other wide bandgap semiconductors such as diamond and gallium oxide (Ga<small><sub>2</sub></small>O<small><sub>3</sub></small>) offer excellent device performance such as low dark current, high responsivity, high detectivity, and high UV/visible rejection ratio. The performance of the UV PDs can be further improved by implementing micro and nanostructures <em>via</em> enhanced light–matter interaction. This review paper primarily encompasses the detailed study and recent development of various approaches of dry and wet etching techniques to enable the formation of micro and nanostructures built on the aforementioned material systems. Applications of different etching techniques for the development of PDs have been reviewed subsequently. Finally, the major challenges and future direction of micro and nanostructured UV PDs are briefly discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":84,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Chemistry C","volume":" 7","pages":" 3145-3166"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/tc/d4tc03230f?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143404074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}