Xiaoyu Xu, Bo Sun, Yingkai Guan, Chan Yao and Yanhong Xu
The covalent organic framework TPE-TPP-COF, containing π-conjugated aromatic tetraldehydes and nitrogen heteroatoms, was obtained under solvothermal conditions. Modification of the cathode with TPE-TPP-COF improved the performance of LSBs even at high sulfur loading (80%). The TPE-TPP-COF/S battery showed 94.6% of its initial coulombic efficiency after 500 cycles at 1C current density, i.e., a coulombic efficiency attenuation rate per cycle of 0.01%. In addition, the TPE-TPP-COF/S cell was observed to display a high rate performance, with a discharge specific capacity of 517.9 mA h g−1 even at a rate of 2C. These results showed that TPE-TPP-COF, as a new model, can provide a new concept for the study of cathodes and provide inspiration for the further development of high-performance batteries.
{"title":"COF containing π-conjugation and precise nitrogen modified cathode enables high-performance lithium–sulfur battery†","authors":"Xiaoyu Xu, Bo Sun, Yingkai Guan, Chan Yao and Yanhong Xu","doi":"10.1039/D4NJ04982A","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D4NJ04982A","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The covalent organic framework TPE-TPP-COF, containing π-conjugated aromatic tetraldehydes and nitrogen heteroatoms, was obtained under solvothermal conditions. Modification of the cathode with TPE-TPP-COF improved the performance of LSBs even at high sulfur loading (80%). The TPE-TPP-COF/S battery showed 94.6% of its initial coulombic efficiency after 500 cycles at 1C current density, <em>i.e.</em>, a coulombic efficiency attenuation rate per cycle of 0.01%. In addition, the TPE-TPP-COF/S cell was observed to display a high rate performance, with a discharge specific capacity of 517.9 mA h g<small><sup>−1</sup></small> even at a rate of 2C. These results showed that TPE-TPP-COF, as a new model, can provide a new concept for the study of cathodes and provide inspiration for the further development of high-performance batteries.</p>","PeriodicalId":95,"journal":{"name":"New Journal of Chemistry","volume":" 7","pages":" 2980-2984"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143379666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Glycine is one of the simplest naturally occurring amino acids and is widely involved in a variety of biological processes, where it plays important biological functions. However, the conventional synthesis of glycine requires complex procedures or toxic raw materials. In this study, we innovatively designed a strategy for the electrocatalytic synthesis of glycine, utilizing CO2 from air and NO from exhaust gases as carbon and nitrogen sources to provide sustainable carbon and nitrogen cycling pathways. The method directly converted CO2 and NO into glycine through a coupled electrochemical conversion. In the study, B-doped catalysts were designed to promote the C–N coupling reaction and to construct polymetallic sites that enhanced the reduction rate and limited the potentials of CO2 and NO, facilitating the electrosynthesis of glycine. The limiting potential for the preparation of glycine from CO2 and NO in the total synthesis process was −0.20 V, indicating high catalytic activity. This paper presents a powerful method for synthesizing glycine from exhaust gases and air, which was thoroughly investigated and provides a theoretical basis for the experimental study of glycine synthesis.
{"title":"Theoretical study on the synthesis of glycine via electrocatalytic reduction over tandem catalysts based on two-dimensional carbon-rich conjugated metalloporphyrin frameworks†","authors":"Xuan Niu and Ling Guo","doi":"10.1039/D4NJ05105J","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D4NJ05105J","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Glycine is one of the simplest naturally occurring amino acids and is widely involved in a variety of biological processes, where it plays important biological functions. However, the conventional synthesis of glycine requires complex procedures or toxic raw materials. In this study, we innovatively designed a strategy for the electrocatalytic synthesis of glycine, utilizing CO<small><sub>2</sub></small> from air and NO from exhaust gases as carbon and nitrogen sources to provide sustainable carbon and nitrogen cycling pathways. The method directly converted CO<small><sub>2</sub></small> and NO into glycine through a coupled electrochemical conversion. In the study, B-doped catalysts were designed to promote the C–N coupling reaction and to construct polymetallic sites that enhanced the reduction rate and limited the potentials of CO<small><sub>2</sub></small> and NO, facilitating the electrosynthesis of glycine. The limiting potential for the preparation of glycine from CO<small><sub>2</sub></small> and NO in the total synthesis process was −0.20 V, indicating high catalytic activity. This paper presents a powerful method for synthesizing glycine from exhaust gases and air, which was thoroughly investigated and provides a theoretical basis for the experimental study of glycine synthesis.</p>","PeriodicalId":95,"journal":{"name":"New Journal of Chemistry","volume":" 7","pages":" 2935-2951"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143379662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jiahe Li, Fang Du, Changsheng Tang, Luyang Wang, Yulin Yang, Debin Xia, Jian Zhang, Bowen Tao, Ping Wang and Kaifeng Lin
Al–Li alloys are considered promising materials in solid propellants owing to their higher combustion efficiency than Al particles, which exhibit incomplete combustion. However, Al–Li alloy particles cannot be directly applied in propellant systems owing to their poor compatibility. Thus, in this work, an in situ polymerized film was formed via the pretreatment of Al–Li alloy followed by polymerization with trifluoroethyl methacrylate (TFEMA) and N,N′-methylene-bis-acrylamide (MBA). The hydrothermal stability of the coated samples was improved with a mass variation rate of 5.82% on treatment with TFEMA (30%) and MBA (10%), corresponding to 116.62% of Al–Li at 60 °C and 75% humidity for 30 days. Besides, the thermostability increased based on the 19° backward skewing of the high temperature exothermic peak. Meanwhile, there were no pores and cracks in the HTPB propellant, which proved the possibility of its practical application with the compatibility of level 1 with HTPB in solid rocket motors. In addition, the Al–Li propellant exhibited a better combustion performance of 0.53 s and 1309.33 °C than the Q3 Al propellant, with 1.34 s ignition delay time and 990.24 °C burning temperature. The combustion efficiency was also improved based on the observation of combustion phenomena and residue size. Besides, the combustion mechanism was analyzed based on the characteristics of Al–Li with the micro-explosion effect. Therefore, Al–Li alloy has the potential to be used as a new generation solid propellant.
{"title":"Preparation and combustion properties of Al–Li alloy particles with enhanced stability and compatibility via in situ polymerization","authors":"Jiahe Li, Fang Du, Changsheng Tang, Luyang Wang, Yulin Yang, Debin Xia, Jian Zhang, Bowen Tao, Ping Wang and Kaifeng Lin","doi":"10.1039/D4NJ04979A","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D4NJ04979A","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Al–Li alloys are considered promising materials in solid propellants owing to their higher combustion efficiency than Al particles, which exhibit incomplete combustion. However, Al–Li alloy particles cannot be directly applied in propellant systems owing to their poor compatibility. Thus, in this work, an <em>in situ</em> polymerized film was formed <em>via</em> the pretreatment of Al–Li alloy followed by polymerization with trifluoroethyl methacrylate (TFEMA) and <em>N</em>,<em>N</em>′-methylene-bis-acrylamide (MBA). The hydrothermal stability of the coated samples was improved with a mass variation rate of 5.82% on treatment with TFEMA (30%) and MBA (10%), corresponding to 116.62% of Al–Li at 60 °C and 75% humidity for 30 days. Besides, the thermostability increased based on the 19° backward skewing of the high temperature exothermic peak. Meanwhile, there were no pores and cracks in the HTPB propellant, which proved the possibility of its practical application with the compatibility of level 1 with HTPB in solid rocket motors. In addition, the Al–Li propellant exhibited a better combustion performance of 0.53 s and 1309.33 °C than the Q3 Al propellant, with 1.34 s ignition delay time and 990.24 °C burning temperature. The combustion efficiency was also improved based on the observation of combustion phenomena and residue size. Besides, the combustion mechanism was analyzed based on the characteristics of Al–Li with the micro-explosion effect. Therefore, Al–Li alloy has the potential to be used as a new generation solid propellant.</p>","PeriodicalId":95,"journal":{"name":"New Journal of Chemistry","volume":" 7","pages":" 2962-2972"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143379664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Debasish Das Sharma, Priyanka Khan, Rupsa Biswas, Sumona Show, Anoar Ali Khan and Gopinath Halder
The contamination of the hydrosphere through diverse human and veterinary medications has become a universal concern. The occurrence and outcomes of pharmaceutical micropollutant enrofloxacin (ENF) in freshwater bodies have been well-documented in a number of studies worldwide. In the current study, a biosorbent was developed from waste precursor sugarcane bagasse (Saccharum officinarum), which was activated physico-chemically with steam, followed by sodium hydroxide for the efficacious eradication of the anti-inflammatory drug ENF from contaminated water. Spectral analyses and characterisation of the biosorbent (SPCAB) were done using FTIR, SEM, and EDAX, which revealed the proper impregnation of the active agent on the adsorbent's surface and elucidated the adsorption mechanism. Response surface methodology (RSM) was exploited to attain optimal biosorption of ENF. The impact of distinct factors, such as pH (2–8), initial ENF concentration (5–40 mg L−1), sorbent dose (0.005–0.2 g L−1), duration (1–12 h), mixing intensity (100–180 rpm), and temperature (15–30 °C), on sorptive removal was probed, which resulted in the highest ENF removal of 94.78%. In kinetic and isotherm models, linear and nonlinear approaches were used to verify sorptive ENF removal. Regeneration experiments of the adsorbent proved good reusability till the 4th cycle with 80.07% ± 0.09% efficiency. The experimental equilibrium data were evaluated using the Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin and Redlich–Peterson models. The pseudo first-order (PFO), pseudo second-order (PSO), intraparticle diffusion, Elovich, and Boyd kinetic models were studied. The PSO kinetic and Langmuir isotherm models proved to be the best fit with the obtained data. The thermodynamic study confirmed the spontaneous and exothermic nature of ENF sorption. Furthermore, the estimated cost of INR 309.034 per kg of tailored SPCAB ascertained its commercial feasibility. Therefore, the engineered SPCAB could be a proficient and cost-competent biosorbent for treating ENF-laden wastewater at a large scale.
{"title":"Deciphering the linear and non-linear biosorptive removal of the anti-inflammatory drug enrofloxacin†","authors":"Debasish Das Sharma, Priyanka Khan, Rupsa Biswas, Sumona Show, Anoar Ali Khan and Gopinath Halder","doi":"10.1039/D4NJ05043F","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D4NJ05043F","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The contamination of the hydrosphere through diverse human and veterinary medications has become a universal concern. The occurrence and outcomes of pharmaceutical micropollutant enrofloxacin (ENF) in freshwater bodies have been well-documented in a number of studies worldwide. In the current study, a biosorbent was developed from waste precursor sugarcane bagasse (<em>Saccharum officinarum</em>), which was activated physico-chemically with steam, followed by sodium hydroxide for the efficacious eradication of the anti-inflammatory drug ENF from contaminated water. Spectral analyses and characterisation of the biosorbent (SPCAB) were done using FTIR, SEM, and EDAX, which revealed the proper impregnation of the active agent on the adsorbent's surface and elucidated the adsorption mechanism. Response surface methodology (RSM) was exploited to attain optimal biosorption of ENF. The impact of distinct factors, such as pH (2–8), initial ENF concentration (5–40 mg L<small><sup>−1</sup></small>), sorbent dose (0.005–0.2 g L<small><sup>−1</sup></small>), duration (1–12 h), mixing intensity (100–180 rpm), and temperature (15–30 °C), on sorptive removal was probed, which resulted in the highest ENF removal of 94.78%. In kinetic and isotherm models, linear and nonlinear approaches were used to verify sorptive ENF removal. Regeneration experiments of the adsorbent proved good reusability till the 4th cycle with 80.07% ± 0.09% efficiency. The experimental equilibrium data were evaluated using the Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin and Redlich–Peterson models. The pseudo first-order (PFO), pseudo second-order (PSO), intraparticle diffusion, Elovich, and Boyd kinetic models were studied. The PSO kinetic and Langmuir isotherm models proved to be the best fit with the obtained data. The thermodynamic study confirmed the spontaneous and exothermic nature of ENF sorption. Furthermore, the estimated cost of INR 309.034 per kg of tailored SPCAB ascertained its commercial feasibility. Therefore, the engineered SPCAB could be a proficient and cost-competent biosorbent for treating ENF-laden wastewater at a large scale.</p>","PeriodicalId":95,"journal":{"name":"New Journal of Chemistry","volume":" 7","pages":" 2898-2916"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143379740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The design and construction of novel structures composed of multiple highly active components is key to solving the problem of supercapacitor application limitations. Inspired by nanostructures with hierarchical frameworks with interconnection networks, we utilize the functional backbone structure of two-dimensional cobalt-based MOFs to construct a multi-component and multi-morphic synergistic energy storage system. Specifically, Co-MOFs were grown in situ on carbon cloth (CC) as a template by a hydrothermal method, introduced with Ni while added with different carbon materials (CNTs, GO, and CQDs), and then prepared by solvent-thermal selenization of (Ni,Co)Se2/CNT-1. The results show that the interconnected network structure formed by the addition of CNTs not only enhances the conductivity but also improves the susceptibility of selenides to agglomeration. In addition, the active material was directly grown on the flexible carbon cloth, which led to the formation of a fast ion/electron transfer channel between (Ni,Co)Se2/CNT-1 and a fluid collector. As a result, the specific capacitance of (Ni,Co)Se2/CNT-1 was as high as 721.7 C g−1 at a current density of 1 A g−1. The retention of specific capacitance was 81.6% when the current density was increased from 1 A g−1 to 10 A g−1. In addition, in order to evaluate the practical function, an asymmetric supercapacitor was assembled by using (Ni,Co)Se2/CNT-1 as the positive electrode and activated carbon (AC) as the negative electrode. Notably, the device has an operating potential of 1.6 V and features high energy density (an energy density of 49.3 W h kg−1 at a power density of 800 W kg−1) and excellent cycling stability (a specific capacitance retention of 77.7% after 1500 cycles).
{"title":"Preparation and electrochemical properties of carbon cloth supported (Ni,Co)Se2/CNT composite materials","authors":"Jiahong Zheng, Jingyun Yang and Xin Bai","doi":"10.1039/D4NJ04635H","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D4NJ04635H","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The design and construction of novel structures composed of multiple highly active components is key to solving the problem of supercapacitor application limitations. Inspired by nanostructures with hierarchical frameworks with interconnection networks, we utilize the functional backbone structure of two-dimensional cobalt-based MOFs to construct a multi-component and multi-morphic synergistic energy storage system. Specifically, Co-MOFs were grown <em>in situ</em> on carbon cloth (CC) as a template by a hydrothermal method, introduced with Ni while added with different carbon materials (CNTs, GO, and CQDs), and then prepared by solvent-thermal selenization of (Ni,Co)Se<small><sub>2</sub></small>/CNT-1. The results show that the interconnected network structure formed by the addition of CNTs not only enhances the conductivity but also improves the susceptibility of selenides to agglomeration. In addition, the active material was directly grown on the flexible carbon cloth, which led to the formation of a fast ion/electron transfer channel between (Ni,Co)Se<small><sub>2</sub></small>/CNT-1 and a fluid collector. As a result, the specific capacitance of (Ni,Co)Se<small><sub>2</sub></small>/CNT-1 was as high as 721.7 C g<small><sup>−1</sup></small> at a current density of 1 A g<small><sup>−1</sup></small>. The retention of specific capacitance was 81.6% when the current density was increased from 1 A g<small><sup>−1</sup></small> to 10 A g<small><sup>−1</sup></small>. In addition, in order to evaluate the practical function, an asymmetric supercapacitor was assembled by using (Ni,Co)Se<small><sub>2</sub></small>/CNT-1 as the positive electrode and activated carbon (AC) as the negative electrode. Notably, the device has an operating potential of 1.6 V and features high energy density (an energy density of 49.3 W h kg<small><sup>−1</sup></small> at a power density of 800 W kg<small><sup>−1</sup></small>) and excellent cycling stability (a specific capacitance retention of 77.7% after 1500 cycles).</p>","PeriodicalId":95,"journal":{"name":"New Journal of Chemistry","volume":" 7","pages":" 2812-2822"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143379732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Monitoring the level of glutathione (GSH) in the blood was of great importance in the diagnosis of diseases and human health. Herein, a series of nanomaterials, M–MnCo2O4 (M = Fe, Al, Bi, Cr), were prepared by oxalate co-precipitation and calcination, which were endowed with oxidase activity. The 5% doping ratio of Fe–MnCo2O4 materials had the best oxidase activity. The materials could oxidize TMB to form ox-TMB while the color of the solution changed from colorless to blue in the absence of H2O2. The oxidase activity of the material was inhibited by the addition of GSH, which was able to reduce the blue ox-TMB to colorless TMB. Based on the above experimental phenomenon, a colorimetric sensing platform for the detection of GSH was constructed, which exhibited an excellent linear relationship of 0–30 μM and a low detection limit of 0.1430 μM. These primary results indicated that the MnCo2O4 (M = Fe, Al, Bi, Cr) nanomaterials have great potential for application in detection of the level of GSH in human serum with the advantages of being quick and sensitive.
{"title":"Preparation of M–MnCo2O4 (M = Fe, Al, Bi, Cr) nanoenzymes with different doping ratios and detection of glutathione in serum†","authors":"Meiqi Li, Qi Lian, Xuefang Zheng, Hongmei Yu, Mengze Zhao and Xiaojing Guo","doi":"10.1039/D4NJ04404E","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D4NJ04404E","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Monitoring the level of glutathione (GSH) in the blood was of great importance in the diagnosis of diseases and human health. Herein, a series of nanomaterials, M–MnCo<small><sub>2</sub></small>O<small><sub>4</sub></small> (M = Fe, Al, Bi, Cr), were prepared by oxalate co-precipitation and calcination, which were endowed with oxidase activity. The 5% doping ratio of Fe–MnCo<small><sub>2</sub></small>O<small><sub>4</sub></small> materials had the best oxidase activity. The materials could oxidize TMB to form ox-TMB while the color of the solution changed from colorless to blue in the absence of H<small><sub>2</sub></small>O<small><sub>2</sub></small>. The oxidase activity of the material was inhibited by the addition of GSH, which was able to reduce the blue ox-TMB to colorless TMB. Based on the above experimental phenomenon, a colorimetric sensing platform for the detection of GSH was constructed, which exhibited an excellent linear relationship of 0–30 μM and a low detection limit of 0.1430 μM. These primary results indicated that the MnCo<small><sub>2</sub></small>O<small><sub>4</sub></small> (M = Fe, Al, Bi, Cr) nanomaterials have great potential for application in detection of the level of GSH in human serum with the advantages of being quick and sensitive.</p>","PeriodicalId":95,"journal":{"name":"New Journal of Chemistry","volume":" 7","pages":" 2823-2834"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143379733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. M. Dhanya, K. J. Rajimon, Jibin K. Varughese, K. G. Raghu, G. Anjali Krishna, Sachin Philip, Saumya S. Pillai, P. A. Rineesh, Priya Breitener and P. V. Mohanan
<p >New effective antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, enzyme-inhibiting, and cytotoxic agents with novel modes of action are urgently needed due to the continued emergence of various diseases. Four novel Schiff base ligands containing a benzo[<em>b</em>]thiophene moiety were synthesized, leading to the development of a versatile class of Ni(<small>II</small>) and Mn(<small>II</small>) complexes, which were screened for their biological applications. The Schiff base ligands were characterized quantitatively using standard spectroscopic techniques such as elemental analysis, UV-vis spectroscopy, FT-IR spectroscopy, LC-MS, <small><sup>1</sup></small>H NMR spectroscopy and <small><sup>13</sup></small>C NMR spectroscopy, while the metal complexes were characterized using UV-vis spectroscopy, FT-IR spectroscopy, CHNS analysis, ICP-MS, thermal analysis (TG and DTG), molar conductance and magnetic susceptibility measurements. The coordination structure of the complexes was found to be octahedral geometry, with Ni(<small>II</small>) and Mn(<small>II</small>) metal ions coordinated to a nitrogen atom of azomethine group, a benzo[<em>b</em>]thiophene ring, an oxygen atom of the phenolic group and an acetate derivative. Among the synthesized compounds, the biological properties of the complexes were found to be more potent than those of Schiff base ligands. Their antioxidant, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, enzyme inhibitory, and cytotoxic activities were assessed. The antioxidant activity of the developed compounds was tested using the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay in methanol and buffered methanol solutions. All the Schiff base ligands and their Ni(<small>II</small>)/Mn(<small>II</small>) complexes exhibited antioxidant activities comparable to the standards (BHT and ascorbic acid). The <em>in vitro</em> antibacterial activity of the synthesized compounds was evaluated against <em>Escherichia coli</em> (<em>E. coli</em>), <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em> (<em>P. aeruginosa</em>), <em>Bacillus subtilis</em> (<em>B. subtilis</em>), and <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> (<em>S. aureus</em>) and their antifungal activity using fungal strains, such as <em>Aspergillus niger</em> (<em>A. niger</em>), and <em>Candida albicans</em> (<em>C. albicans</em>). These activities were observed using the agar disc diffusion method, with ciprofloxacin and nystatin as the reference drugs. The HRBC membrane stabilization method was applied to measure anti-inflammatory activity, and one of the Mn(<small>II</small>) compounds showed moderate anti-inflammatory activity, which was compared with the standard drug diclofenac. Enzyme inhibition studies were conducted on benzo[<em>b</em>]thiophene-derived Schiff base ligands and their complexes with the enzyme α-amylase, using acarbose as the standard. The Ni(<small>II</small>) complexes exhibited the best enzyme inhibition value (<em>K</em><small><sub>i</sub></small>). To assess the cytotoxic behavior of the syn
{"title":"Synthesis, characterization, and biophysical and chemical properties of benzo[b]thiophene derivatives and their metal complexes†","authors":"T. M. Dhanya, K. J. Rajimon, Jibin K. Varughese, K. G. Raghu, G. Anjali Krishna, Sachin Philip, Saumya S. Pillai, P. A. Rineesh, Priya Breitener and P. V. Mohanan","doi":"10.1039/D4NJ04717F","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D4NJ04717F","url":null,"abstract":"<p >New effective antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, enzyme-inhibiting, and cytotoxic agents with novel modes of action are urgently needed due to the continued emergence of various diseases. Four novel Schiff base ligands containing a benzo[<em>b</em>]thiophene moiety were synthesized, leading to the development of a versatile class of Ni(<small>II</small>) and Mn(<small>II</small>) complexes, which were screened for their biological applications. The Schiff base ligands were characterized quantitatively using standard spectroscopic techniques such as elemental analysis, UV-vis spectroscopy, FT-IR spectroscopy, LC-MS, <small><sup>1</sup></small>H NMR spectroscopy and <small><sup>13</sup></small>C NMR spectroscopy, while the metal complexes were characterized using UV-vis spectroscopy, FT-IR spectroscopy, CHNS analysis, ICP-MS, thermal analysis (TG and DTG), molar conductance and magnetic susceptibility measurements. The coordination structure of the complexes was found to be octahedral geometry, with Ni(<small>II</small>) and Mn(<small>II</small>) metal ions coordinated to a nitrogen atom of azomethine group, a benzo[<em>b</em>]thiophene ring, an oxygen atom of the phenolic group and an acetate derivative. Among the synthesized compounds, the biological properties of the complexes were found to be more potent than those of Schiff base ligands. Their antioxidant, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, enzyme inhibitory, and cytotoxic activities were assessed. The antioxidant activity of the developed compounds was tested using the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay in methanol and buffered methanol solutions. All the Schiff base ligands and their Ni(<small>II</small>)/Mn(<small>II</small>) complexes exhibited antioxidant activities comparable to the standards (BHT and ascorbic acid). The <em>in vitro</em> antibacterial activity of the synthesized compounds was evaluated against <em>Escherichia coli</em> (<em>E. coli</em>), <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em> (<em>P. aeruginosa</em>), <em>Bacillus subtilis</em> (<em>B. subtilis</em>), and <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> (<em>S. aureus</em>) and their antifungal activity using fungal strains, such as <em>Aspergillus niger</em> (<em>A. niger</em>), and <em>Candida albicans</em> (<em>C. albicans</em>). These activities were observed using the agar disc diffusion method, with ciprofloxacin and nystatin as the reference drugs. The HRBC membrane stabilization method was applied to measure anti-inflammatory activity, and one of the Mn(<small>II</small>) compounds showed moderate anti-inflammatory activity, which was compared with the standard drug diclofenac. Enzyme inhibition studies were conducted on benzo[<em>b</em>]thiophene-derived Schiff base ligands and their complexes with the enzyme α-amylase, using acarbose as the standard. The Ni(<small>II</small>) complexes exhibited the best enzyme inhibition value (<em>K</em><small><sub>i</sub></small>). To assess the cytotoxic behavior of the syn","PeriodicalId":95,"journal":{"name":"New Journal of Chemistry","volume":" 7","pages":" 2850-2869"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143379736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Photocatalysis has been recognized as a promising strategy to produce H2 energy. In this work, three-dimensional (3D) flower-like ZnIn2S4/NiO/ZIF-67 hierarchical spheres were synthesized successfully. The as-prepared 3D ZnIn2S4/NiO/ZIF-67 catalyst exhibits a high photocatalytic hydrogen production performance of 13 975 μmol g−1 h−1. This study found that NiO/ZIF-67 can improve the visible-light absorption capacity of ZnIn2S4 (ZIS) significantly and narrow its band gap from 2.33 to 2.07 eV. Meanwhile, the ultrathin ZIS nanosheets were uniformly grown on the surface of NiO/ZIF-67, which can avoid agglomeration of ZIS. After loading NiO/ZIF-67, the specific surface area of the catalyst increased from 133.47 to 159.29 m2 g−1, exposing rich active sites for photocatalytic redox reactions. Through various tests, it was observed that the enhanced H2 production was due to the high charge carrier generation and separation. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations confirmed that electrons could transfer from NiO/ZIF-67 to ZIS, splitting the adsorbed water. Accordingly, the H–O bond length of water on ZnIn2S4/NiO/ZIF-67 increased from 0.975 to 0.989 Å. Meanwhile, a possible mechanism for photocatalytic hydrogen evolution was proposed according to the results.
{"title":"Three-dimensional flower-like ZnIn2S4/NiO/ZIF-67 hierarchical spheres for enhanced visible-light photocatalytic hydrogen evolution†","authors":"Ziya Li, Yilin Wang, Shengda Wang and Chao Zhang","doi":"10.1039/D4NJ05409A","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D4NJ05409A","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Photocatalysis has been recognized as a promising strategy to produce H<small><sub>2</sub></small> energy. In this work, three-dimensional (3D) flower-like ZnIn<small><sub>2</sub></small>S<small><sub>4</sub></small>/NiO/ZIF-67 hierarchical spheres were synthesized successfully. The as-prepared 3D ZnIn<small><sub>2</sub></small>S<small><sub>4</sub></small>/NiO/ZIF-67 catalyst exhibits a high photocatalytic hydrogen production performance of 13 975 μmol g<small><sup>−1</sup></small> h<small><sup>−1</sup></small>. This study found that NiO/ZIF-67 can improve the visible-light absorption capacity of ZnIn<small><sub>2</sub></small>S<small><sub>4</sub></small> (ZIS) significantly and narrow its band gap from 2.33 to 2.07 eV. Meanwhile, the ultrathin ZIS nanosheets were uniformly grown on the surface of NiO/ZIF-67, which can avoid agglomeration of ZIS. After loading NiO/ZIF-67, the specific surface area of the catalyst increased from 133.47 to 159.29 m<small><sup>2</sup></small> g<small><sup>−1</sup></small>, exposing rich active sites for photocatalytic redox reactions. Through various tests, it was observed that the enhanced H<small><sub>2</sub></small> production was due to the high charge carrier generation and separation. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations confirmed that electrons could transfer from NiO/ZIF-67 to ZIS, splitting the adsorbed water. Accordingly, the H–O bond length of water on ZnIn<small><sub>2</sub></small>S<small><sub>4</sub></small>/NiO/ZIF-67 increased from 0.975 to 0.989 Å. Meanwhile, a possible mechanism for photocatalytic hydrogen evolution was proposed according to the results.</p>","PeriodicalId":95,"journal":{"name":"New Journal of Chemistry","volume":" 7","pages":" 2870-2878"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143379737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Qazi Adfar, Shokat Hussain and Shrikant S. Maktedar
Although pristine graphene is nonphotoactive, it develops the ability to absorb UV/vis light when it incorporates different light-harvesting molecules through various chemical functionalization modes or band gap engineering methods. This has become one of the most exciting topics in graphene research over the last few years, as photoactive graphene-based materials have found numerous applications that have dramatically helped in producing green energy and preserving the green environment. This review article provides a novel perspective of the topic under discussion and includes a complete overview of the field that is taken into consideration here. Furthermore, the overall development of photoactive graphene-based materials, particularly from the point of view of modification strategies that enhance their photoactive performance, is discussed along with their photocatalytic mechanisms. Moreover, efforts made by researchers to utilize natural resources are highlighted for producing green energy, particularly in converting solar light into electrical energy, producing green hydrogen from water splitting, and transforming biomass into green fuels. Wastewater treatments using advanced graphene-based photocatalysts for dye degradation and eliminating heavy metals are also exemplified with special reference to the latest photocatalytic coupling technologies for wastewater purification. According to this perspective, the different types of photoactive graphene-based nanomaterial used as photocatalysts are discussed, which simultaneously address environmental concerns about reducing pollution levels in the atmosphere and alleviate environmental degradation of various forms. With properties like an atom-thick, two-dimensional structure, high surface area, exceptional conductivity, electron mobility, anticorrosion ability, photosensitivity, and chemical stability, graphene serves as an efficient photocatalyst. Graphene derivatives are potential nanomaterials that are currently being widely investigated for diverse applications due to their exceptional mechanical, electrical, physical, and chemical properties. Technically, the review focuses on recent developments in graphene-based photocatalysts, specifically incorporating Z-scheme and S-scheme heterostructures to enhance efficiency in artificial photosynthesis for H2 production, organic pollutant degradation, and CO2 reduction. These processes, aligned with green chemistry principles, address energy and environmental concerns associated with global warming and green energy consumption. This approach goes well with the UN directives on SDG no. 7 that are making efforts towards clean energy and environmental sustainability.
{"title":"Insights into energy and environmental sustainability through photoactive graphene-based advanced materials: perspectives and promises","authors":"Qazi Adfar, Shokat Hussain and Shrikant S. Maktedar","doi":"10.1039/D4NJ03693J","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D4NJ03693J","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Although pristine graphene is nonphotoactive, it develops the ability to absorb UV/vis light when it incorporates different light-harvesting molecules through various chemical functionalization modes or band gap engineering methods. This has become one of the most exciting topics in graphene research over the last few years, as photoactive graphene-based materials have found numerous applications that have dramatically helped in producing green energy and preserving the green environment. This review article provides a novel perspective of the topic under discussion and includes a complete overview of the field that is taken into consideration here. Furthermore, the overall development of photoactive graphene-based materials, particularly from the point of view of modification strategies that enhance their photoactive performance, is discussed along with their photocatalytic mechanisms. Moreover, efforts made by researchers to utilize natural resources are highlighted for producing green energy, particularly in converting solar light into electrical energy, producing green hydrogen from water splitting, and transforming biomass into green fuels. Wastewater treatments using advanced graphene-based photocatalysts for dye degradation and eliminating heavy metals are also exemplified with special reference to the latest photocatalytic coupling technologies for wastewater purification. According to this perspective, the different types of photoactive graphene-based nanomaterial used as photocatalysts are discussed, which simultaneously address environmental concerns about reducing pollution levels in the atmosphere and alleviate environmental degradation of various forms. With properties like an atom-thick, two-dimensional structure, high surface area, exceptional conductivity, electron mobility, anticorrosion ability, photosensitivity, and chemical stability, graphene serves as an efficient photocatalyst. Graphene derivatives are potential nanomaterials that are currently being widely investigated for diverse applications due to their exceptional mechanical, electrical, physical, and chemical properties. Technically, the review focuses on recent developments in graphene-based photocatalysts, specifically incorporating Z-scheme and S-scheme heterostructures to enhance efficiency in artificial photosynthesis for H<small><sub>2</sub></small> production, organic pollutant degradation, and CO<small><sub>2</sub></small> reduction. These processes, aligned with green chemistry principles, address energy and environmental concerns associated with global warming and green energy consumption. This approach goes well with the UN directives on SDG no. 7 that are making efforts towards clean energy and environmental sustainability.</p>","PeriodicalId":95,"journal":{"name":"New Journal of Chemistry","volume":" 7","pages":" 2511-2650"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143379679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The present study investigates the potential for adsorption of ammonia nitrogen by carboxymethyl-β-cyclodextrin (CMCD) composite acidified calcined bentonite (bent)/SiO2. The prepared materials were characterized using structural and morphological analysis, surface electrical analysis, elemental composition analysis, and specific surface area analysis. Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analyses after the adsorption of ammonia nitrogen were used to investigate the adsorption mechanism. The experimental adsorption data were matched using the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models. The experimental results showed that the maximum adsorption capacity of acidified calcined bent/SiO2/CMCD for ammonia nitrogen was 18.8 mg g−1 (C0 = 50 mg L−1; pH = 10). The pseudo-secondary kinetic model (correlation coefficient of 0.9925) and the Freundlich model (correlation coefficient of 0.998) fitted the experimental results very well. From the adsorption thermodynamics results, it can be inferred that the adsorption process of ammonia nitrogen is a spontaneous exothermic process. The mechanism of adsorption of ammonia nitrogen may be related to electrostatic interactions, ion exchange and hydrogen bonding.
{"title":"Adsorption of ammonium nitrogen in water by modified bentonite compounded with carboxymethyl-β-cyclodextrin†","authors":"Yuhan Hu, Renjing Li, Shanshan Lu and Qi Zhu","doi":"10.1039/D4NJ04484C","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D4NJ04484C","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The present study investigates the potential for adsorption of ammonia nitrogen by carboxymethyl-β-cyclodextrin (CMCD) composite acidified calcined bentonite (bent)/SiO<small><sub>2</sub></small>. The prepared materials were characterized using structural and morphological analysis, surface electrical analysis, elemental composition analysis, and specific surface area analysis. Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analyses after the adsorption of ammonia nitrogen were used to investigate the adsorption mechanism. The experimental adsorption data were matched using the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models. The experimental results showed that the maximum adsorption capacity of acidified calcined bent/SiO<small><sub>2</sub></small>/CMCD for ammonia nitrogen was 18.8 mg g<small><sup>−1</sup></small> (<em>C</em><small><sub>0</sub></small> = 50 mg L<small><sup>−1</sup></small>; pH = 10). The pseudo-secondary kinetic model (correlation coefficient of 0.9925) and the Freundlich model (correlation coefficient of 0.998) fitted the experimental results very well. From the adsorption thermodynamics results, it can be inferred that the adsorption process of ammonia nitrogen is a spontaneous exothermic process. The mechanism of adsorption of ammonia nitrogen may be related to electrostatic interactions, ion exchange and hydrogen bonding.</p>","PeriodicalId":95,"journal":{"name":"New Journal of Chemistry","volume":" 7","pages":" 2759-2771"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143379708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}