Miao-Ying Wang,Fei-Hu Cui,Hai-Tao Tang,Ying-Ming Pan
Chalcogen-containing compounds serve as essential scaffolds in drugs and natural products. Electrocatalytic multicomponent reactions offer a sustainable strategy for constructing organosulfur, organoselenium, and organotellurium compounds. By leveraging electrons as clean reactants, this method eliminates the need for additional chemical oxidants, reducing waste generation and environmental footprint. Precise regulation of reaction potential and current density enables adjustable reaction pathways, which improves reaction selectivity, efficiency and product purity. This review focuses on electrocatalytic multicomponent reactions for the synthesis of organic chalcogenide compounds, with emphasis on reaction design, process optimization, substrate scope and the mechanism of selectivity. It also discusses catalyst development and stability for sulfur, selenium and tellurium-based reaction systems. Current challenges, including limited substrate compatibility, catalyst deactivation and large-scale synthesis difficulties, are also analyzed. Future research directions include developing more efficient electrocatalysts, expanding applications in pharmaceutical synthesis, and integrating the method with renewable energy sources. The insights presented in this review are intended to guide the green and efficient synthesis of valuable organochalcogen compounds, and contribute to the development of sustainable organic chemistry.
{"title":"Recent advances in electrocatalytic multicomponent reactions for synthesizing organic chalcogenide compounds","authors":"Miao-Ying Wang,Fei-Hu Cui,Hai-Tao Tang,Ying-Ming Pan","doi":"10.1039/d6qo01329e","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d6qo01329e","url":null,"abstract":"Chalcogen-containing compounds serve as essential scaffolds in drugs and natural products. Electrocatalytic multicomponent reactions offer a sustainable strategy for constructing organosulfur, organoselenium, and organotellurium compounds. By leveraging electrons as clean reactants, this method eliminates the need for additional chemical oxidants, reducing waste generation and environmental footprint. Precise regulation of reaction potential and current density enables adjustable reaction pathways, which improves reaction selectivity, efficiency and product purity. This review focuses on electrocatalytic multicomponent reactions for the synthesis of organic chalcogenide compounds, with emphasis on reaction design, process optimization, substrate scope and the mechanism of selectivity. It also discusses catalyst development and stability for sulfur, selenium and tellurium-based reaction systems. Current challenges, including limited substrate compatibility, catalyst deactivation and large-scale synthesis difficulties, are also analyzed. Future research directions include developing more efficient electrocatalysts, expanding applications in pharmaceutical synthesis, and integrating the method with renewable energy sources. The insights presented in this review are intended to guide the green and efficient synthesis of valuable organochalcogen compounds, and contribute to the development of sustainable organic chemistry.","PeriodicalId":97,"journal":{"name":"Organic Chemistry Frontiers","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149218265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Correction for ‘Nitrogen migration for amino acid synthesis: enzymes take control’ by Lilu Zhang et al., Org. Chem. Front., 2026, https://doi.org/10.1039/d6qo01348a.
{"title":"Correction: Nitrogen migration for amino acid synthesis: enzymes take control","authors":"Lilu Zhang,Eric Meggers","doi":"10.1039/d6qo90077a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d6qo90077a","url":null,"abstract":"Correction for ‘Nitrogen migration for amino acid synthesis: enzymes take control’ by Lilu Zhang et al., Org. Chem. Front., 2026, https://doi.org/10.1039/d6qo01348a.","PeriodicalId":97,"journal":{"name":"Organic Chemistry Frontiers","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149218267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Direct oxidative addition and β-carbon elimination are the two fundamental pathways for the transition metal (TM)-catalyzed carbon-carbon (C–C) bond activation. Despite significant progress, how cyclobutanone frameworks switch between the distinct C–C bond activation modes remains insufficiently understood. Herein, density functional theory (DFT) calculations were performed to elucidate the mechanistic role of Lewis acid in modulating activation pathways and promoting C–C bond cleavage during the Ni-catalyzed ring-opening/reductive carboxylation of ortho-bromo-3-phenylcyclobutanones with CO2. This reaction initiates via C–Br bond oxidative addition to Ni(0) center followed by reduction to give the aryl-Ni(I) species. For the subsequent C–C bond activation, coordination of a Lewis acid to the carbonyl oxygen of cyclobutanone shifts the mechanistic preference from conventional C–C bond oxidative addition to a sequential migratory insertion/β-carbon elimination pathway. Frontier molecular orbital (FMO) analysis and global reactivity index (GRI) analysis indicate that Lewis acid coordination significantly lowers the LUMO energy of the carbonyl (C=O) moiety, markedly enhancing its electrophilicity. Further geometry analysis, interaction region indicator (IRI) analysis, and energy decomposition analysis (EDA) reveal that the Lewis acid stabilizes the key insertion transition state through favorable non-covalent interactions specifically involving C–H•••Cl and lone pair•••π interactions, dominated primarily by electrostatic and orbital interactions. Subsequent Lewis acid-promoted CO2 insertion and reduction take place, affording final carboxylated product and regenerating Ni(0) complex. These findings not only elucidate the pivotal role of Lewis acid in cyclobutanone activation but also offer valuable guidelines for designing Lewis-acid-assisted C–C bond cleavage and cross-coupling reactions.
{"title":"Theoretical Insights into Lewis Acid-Promoted C-C Bond Cleavage in Ni-Catalyzed Cyclobutanone Activation via Sequential Insertion/β-Carbon Elimination","authors":"Li-Li Liao,Hui-Lin Luo,Yu-Fu Gao,Li-Cai Liu,Chuan-Kun Ran,Chuan-Xi Nie,Yi-Fei Chen,Zhen Zhang,Xiangge Zhou,Da-Gang Yu","doi":"10.1039/d6qo01279e","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d6qo01279e","url":null,"abstract":"Direct oxidative addition and β-carbon elimination are the two fundamental pathways for the transition metal (TM)-catalyzed carbon-carbon (C–C) bond activation. Despite significant progress, how cyclobutanone frameworks switch between the distinct C–C bond activation modes remains insufficiently understood. Herein, density functional theory (DFT) calculations were performed to elucidate the mechanistic role of Lewis acid in modulating activation pathways and promoting C–C bond cleavage during the Ni-catalyzed ring-opening/reductive carboxylation of ortho-bromo-3-phenylcyclobutanones with CO2. This reaction initiates via C–Br bond oxidative addition to Ni(0) center followed by reduction to give the aryl-Ni(I) species. For the subsequent C–C bond activation, coordination of a Lewis acid to the carbonyl oxygen of cyclobutanone shifts the mechanistic preference from conventional C–C bond oxidative addition to a sequential migratory insertion/β-carbon elimination pathway. Frontier molecular orbital (FMO) analysis and global reactivity index (GRI) analysis indicate that Lewis acid coordination significantly lowers the LUMO energy of the carbonyl (C=O) moiety, markedly enhancing its electrophilicity. Further geometry analysis, interaction region indicator (IRI) analysis, and energy decomposition analysis (EDA) reveal that the Lewis acid stabilizes the key insertion transition state through favorable non-covalent interactions specifically involving C–H•••Cl and lone pair•••π interactions, dominated primarily by electrostatic and orbital interactions. Subsequent Lewis acid-promoted CO2 insertion and reduction take place, affording final carboxylated product and regenerating Ni(0) complex. These findings not only elucidate the pivotal role of Lewis acid in cyclobutanone activation but also offer valuable guidelines for designing Lewis-acid-assisted C–C bond cleavage and cross-coupling reactions.","PeriodicalId":97,"journal":{"name":"Organic Chemistry Frontiers","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149218263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Azetidines are privileged structural motifs in medicinal chemistry, yet diastereodivergent synthesis of highly substituted variants from simple precursors remains elusive. Herein, we report an anion-relay-chemistry (ARC)-enabled [2 + 2] cycloaddition of alkynyl 1,3-dithianes with N-aryl imines. Crucially, the 1,3-dithiane unit serves as an anion-stabilizing structural element that enables the carbanionic relay process while remaining a synthetically versatile sulfur-containing handle. This strategy bypasses the limitations of conventional photocycloadditions and enables access to a previously inaccessible reactivity mode. Notably, base loading precisely controls diastereochemical outcomes, allowing programmable synthesis of either cis- or trans-azetidines from identical substrates. The protocol proceeds under mild conditions, exhibits a broad substrate scope, and delivers densely functionalized products in good yields with excellent selectivity. The resulting azetidines serve as versatile intermediates for rapid access to β-lactams and β-aminoketones. This work establishes a general platform for stereodivergent azetidine synthesis.
{"title":"Diastereodivergent azetidine synthesis anion-relay-chemistry-enabled [2 + 2] cycloaddition of alkynes with -aryl imines","authors":"Xiaomeng Gong,Yingying Xue,Zhuzhu Zhang,Guohong Tang,Xiangrong Xu,Liang Li,Ruipeng Li,Shouchu Tang","doi":"10.1039/d6qo01012a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d6qo01012a","url":null,"abstract":"Azetidines are privileged structural motifs in medicinal chemistry, yet diastereodivergent synthesis of highly substituted variants from simple precursors remains elusive. Herein, we report an anion-relay-chemistry (ARC)-enabled [2 + 2] cycloaddition of alkynyl 1,3-dithianes with N-aryl imines. Crucially, the 1,3-dithiane unit serves as an anion-stabilizing structural element that enables the carbanionic relay process while remaining a synthetically versatile sulfur-containing handle. This strategy bypasses the limitations of conventional photocycloadditions and enables access to a previously inaccessible reactivity mode. Notably, base loading precisely controls diastereochemical outcomes, allowing programmable synthesis of either cis- or trans-azetidines from identical substrates. The protocol proceeds under mild conditions, exhibits a broad substrate scope, and delivers densely functionalized products in good yields with excellent selectivity. The resulting azetidines serve as versatile intermediates for rapid access to β-lactams and β-aminoketones. This work establishes a general platform for stereodivergent azetidine synthesis.","PeriodicalId":97,"journal":{"name":"Organic Chemistry Frontiers","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149218264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Eric F. R. Pertermann,Daniel Doellerer,Claudia M Kammler,Thomas Weyhermueller,Sebastian Beil,Bernd Werner,Siegfried R. Waldvogel
Indazoles represent an important pharmacologically active class of compounds. However, reliable and sustainable pathways from simple substrates remain scarce. We report an easily applicable and sustainable electrochemical synthesis of various 1H-and 2H-indazoles via direct reduction of o-nitrobenzylamines, avoiding stoichiometric reagents and elevated temperatures. The protocol enables access to 50 distinct structures with isolated yields up to 96% and a broad tolerance for functional groups and heterocycles. Additionally, we demonstrate electrochemical post-functionalization, access to APIs and their precursors, as well as robust scalability.
{"title":"Electrosynthesis of 1H-and 2H-Indazoles by Reduction of o-Nitrobenzylamines, a Versatile and Sustainable Access","authors":"Eric F. R. Pertermann,Daniel Doellerer,Claudia M Kammler,Thomas Weyhermueller,Sebastian Beil,Bernd Werner,Siegfried R. Waldvogel","doi":"10.1039/d6qo01360k","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d6qo01360k","url":null,"abstract":"Indazoles represent an important pharmacologically active class of compounds. However, reliable and sustainable pathways from simple substrates remain scarce. We report an easily applicable and sustainable electrochemical synthesis of various 1H-and 2H-indazoles via direct reduction of o-nitrobenzylamines, avoiding stoichiometric reagents and elevated temperatures. The protocol enables access to 50 distinct structures with isolated yields up to 96% and a broad tolerance for functional groups and heterocycles. Additionally, we demonstrate electrochemical post-functionalization, access to APIs and their precursors, as well as robust scalability.","PeriodicalId":97,"journal":{"name":"Organic Chemistry Frontiers","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149218266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Herein, we report an efficient, sustainable, and green domino strategy for the divergent synthesis of N-doped indeno[1,2-c]pyrrolo[3,2,1-ij]quinoline derivatives, first of their kind from 2,6-bis(arylethynyl)anilines under PEG-400/palladium-recyclable conditions via four to five new chemical bonds in a single process. The Pd-catalyst/PEG-400 was recycled and reused for up to four consecutive cycles. The protocol demonstrates excellent functional-group tolerance and a broad substrate scope, while its synthetic utility is highlighted by successful scale-up reactions and the incorporation of drug-derived substrates. Importantly, the resulting compounds display strong orange-red fluorescence, as evidenced by UV-visible absorption, fluorescence, lifetime, and quantum yield analyses. Notably, LED-coating experiments revealed that blue LEDs coated with these compounds emit orange-red light, underscoring their promising potential as orange-red light-emitting materials.
{"title":"Palladium-Catalyzed Multi-Fold Domino Cyclization for Access to N-Doped PAHs; Recyclable [Pd]-System, Light Emitting Applications","authors":"Jakkula Naveen,Satyanarayana Gedu","doi":"10.1039/d6qo01172a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d6qo01172a","url":null,"abstract":"Herein, we report an efficient, sustainable, and green domino strategy for the divergent synthesis of N-doped indeno[1,2-c]pyrrolo[3,2,1-ij]quinoline derivatives, first of their kind from 2,6-bis(arylethynyl)anilines under PEG-400/palladium-recyclable conditions via four to five new chemical bonds in a single process. The Pd-catalyst/PEG-400 was recycled and reused for up to four consecutive cycles. The protocol demonstrates excellent functional-group tolerance and a broad substrate scope, while its synthetic utility is highlighted by successful scale-up reactions and the incorporation of drug-derived substrates. Importantly, the resulting compounds display strong orange-red fluorescence, as evidenced by UV-visible absorption, fluorescence, lifetime, and quantum yield analyses. Notably, LED-coating experiments revealed that blue LEDs coated with these compounds emit orange-red light, underscoring their promising potential as orange-red light-emitting materials.","PeriodicalId":97,"journal":{"name":"Organic Chemistry Frontiers","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149173214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A facile one-pot approach has been developed for the synthesis of polyhydroxyalkyl oxazoles directly from unprotected aldoses and tetramethylguanidine (TMG), using n-Bu₄NOAc as the additive under mild heating. The protecting-group-free process features operational simplicity and broad substrate scope. This method provides direct access to valuable polyhydroxyalkyl oxazoles and offers a practical strategy for the direct derivatization of carbohydrate feedstocks.
{"title":"Synthesis of Polyhydroxyalkyl Oxazoles from Unprotected Aldoses and Tetramethylguanidine","authors":"Mian Liu,Lianyou Zheng,Junxiang Bai,Qiansong Gao,Zhuoqi Zhang,Lingling Shi,Jinbao Xiang","doi":"10.1039/d6qo01251e","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d6qo01251e","url":null,"abstract":"A facile one-pot approach has been developed for the synthesis of polyhydroxyalkyl oxazoles directly from unprotected aldoses and tetramethylguanidine (TMG), using n-Bu₄NOAc as the additive under mild heating. The protecting-group-free process features operational simplicity and broad substrate scope. This method provides direct access to valuable polyhydroxyalkyl oxazoles and offers a practical strategy for the direct derivatization of carbohydrate feedstocks.","PeriodicalId":97,"journal":{"name":"Organic Chemistry Frontiers","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149173212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Regiodivergent hydrocarboxylation of terminal alkynes provides efficient access to branched and linear α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acids, yet the mechanistic origin of additive-controlled regioselectivity remains unclear. Here, density functional theory calculations reveal how tetrabutylammonium iodide (TBAI) reverses the regioselectivity of Pd/Xantphos-catalyzed hydrocarboxylation of terminal aryl alkynes with oxalic acid. In the absence of TBAI, oxalic acid directly protonates the terminal carbon of the Pd-bound alkyne in concert with Pd–C bond formation, whereas pathways involving water as the immediate proton donor or a discrete Pd–H intermediate are disfavored. This distortion-controlled proton-transfer/palladation pathway selectively generates the branched alkenylpalladium intermediate. In the presence of TBAI, iodide coordination alters the catalyst speciation and enables formation of an iodide-ligated Pd–H species followed by regioselective hydropalladation, thereby producing the linear alkenylpalladium intermediate. In both cases, subsequent carbonylation proceeds preferentially through direct migratory CO insertion, followed by hydrogen oxalate-assisted hydrolysis. The calculated hydrolysis barriers qualitatively reproduce the experimental substrate- and ligand-dependent yield trends. Distortion–interaction and noncovalent-interaction analyses further associate the substrate effects primarily with structural distortion and the superior performance of Xantphos with its rigid, preorganized coordination environment. These findings establish iodide-induced catalyst speciation and pathway switching as the origin of the regioselectivity reversal and provide mechanistic guidance for controlling Pd-catalyzed regiodivergent hydrocarboxylation.
{"title":"Mechanistic Origin of TBAI-Controlled Regioselectivity Reversal in the Palladium-Catalyzed Hydrocarboxylation of Terminal Aryl Alkynes with Oxalic Acid","authors":"Yishi Li,Jianqi Chen,Xuyu Qin,Juan Li","doi":"10.1039/d6qo01302c","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d6qo01302c","url":null,"abstract":"Regiodivergent hydrocarboxylation of terminal alkynes provides efficient access to branched and linear α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acids, yet the mechanistic origin of additive-controlled regioselectivity remains unclear. Here, density functional theory calculations reveal how tetrabutylammonium iodide (TBAI) reverses the regioselectivity of Pd/Xantphos-catalyzed hydrocarboxylation of terminal aryl alkynes with oxalic acid. In the absence of TBAI, oxalic acid directly protonates the terminal carbon of the Pd-bound alkyne in concert with Pd–C bond formation, whereas pathways involving water as the immediate proton donor or a discrete Pd–H intermediate are disfavored. This distortion-controlled proton-transfer/palladation pathway selectively generates the branched alkenylpalladium intermediate. In the presence of TBAI, iodide coordination alters the catalyst speciation and enables formation of an iodide-ligated Pd–H species followed by regioselective hydropalladation, thereby producing the linear alkenylpalladium intermediate. In both cases, subsequent carbonylation proceeds preferentially through direct migratory CO insertion, followed by hydrogen oxalate-assisted hydrolysis. The calculated hydrolysis barriers qualitatively reproduce the experimental substrate- and ligand-dependent yield trends. Distortion–interaction and noncovalent-interaction analyses further associate the substrate effects primarily with structural distortion and the superior performance of Xantphos with its rigid, preorganized coordination environment. These findings establish iodide-induced catalyst speciation and pathway switching as the origin of the regioselectivity reversal and provide mechanistic guidance for controlling Pd-catalyzed regiodivergent hydrocarboxylation.","PeriodicalId":97,"journal":{"name":"Organic Chemistry Frontiers","volume":"107 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149173213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Expression of concern for ‘Dithiocarbamate mediated thioamidation via C–C single bond cleavage of styrene: study of the protocol in decarbonylative and decarboxylative thioamidations’ by Debabrata Patra et al., Org. Chem. Front., 2024, 11, 1150–1156, https://doi.org/10.1039/D3QO01921G.
{"title":"Expression of concern: Dithiocarbamate mediated thioamidation C–C single bond cleavage of styrene: study of the protocol in decarbonylative and decarboxylative thioamidations","authors":"Debabrata Patra,Amit Saha","doi":"10.1039/d6qo90072k","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d6qo90072k","url":null,"abstract":"Expression of concern for ‘Dithiocarbamate mediated thioamidation via C–C single bond cleavage of styrene: study of the protocol in decarbonylative and decarboxylative thioamidations’ by Debabrata Patra et al., Org. Chem. Front., 2024, 11, 1150–1156, https://doi.org/10.1039/D3QO01921G.","PeriodicalId":97,"journal":{"name":"Organic Chemistry Frontiers","volume":"408 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149173215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Linlin Liu,Yan Zhang,Yuzhen Wang,Tiantian Miao,Zhihao Xu,Hui Li
In this work, we report the construction and structural transformation of new supramolecular polymers. Four monomers, M1, M2, M3 and M4, were designed and synthesized. M1, M3, M4 and Zn(OTf)2 can self-assemble into supramolecular linear polymers (SLP) through pillararene-based host–guest interaction and terpyridine-based complementary metal coordination. Upon addition of monomer M2 to the SLP solution, the SLP further transformed into supramolecular cross-linked polymers (SCP) via crown ether-based host–guest interaction. Furthermore, the obtained SCP formed a supramolecular polymer gel at high concentrations, and the reversible gel–sol transformation could be realized in response to multiple stimuli. This research provides inspiration for the design and preparation of supramolecular polymers with different topological structures.
{"title":"Construction of Supramolecular Polymers and Structural Transformation Based on Multiple Noncovalent Interactions","authors":"Linlin Liu,Yan Zhang,Yuzhen Wang,Tiantian Miao,Zhihao Xu,Hui Li","doi":"10.1039/d6qo01188h","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d6qo01188h","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, we report the construction and structural transformation of new supramolecular polymers. Four monomers, M1, M2, M3 and M4, were designed and synthesized. M1, M3, M4 and Zn(OTf)2 can self-assemble into supramolecular linear polymers (SLP) through pillararene-based host–guest interaction and terpyridine-based complementary metal coordination. Upon addition of monomer M2 to the SLP solution, the SLP further transformed into supramolecular cross-linked polymers (SCP) via crown ether-based host–guest interaction. Furthermore, the obtained SCP formed a supramolecular polymer gel at high concentrations, and the reversible gel–sol transformation could be realized in response to multiple stimuli. This research provides inspiration for the design and preparation of supramolecular polymers with different topological structures.","PeriodicalId":97,"journal":{"name":"Organic Chemistry Frontiers","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149173210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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