Yutong Meng, Daiye Fu, Jundie Ying, Xiangliang Pan
Antibiotic resistant genes (ARGs) have been widely detected in global rivers, lakes and oceans. Although nanoscale natural acrisol iron oxides (NNIOs) are ubiquitous in global aquatic environments, their photoelectric conversion efficiency and bactericidal and ARG removal are not well clarified. This study evaluated the photocurrent conversion and photocatalytic degradation of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and extracellular ARGs (eARGs) of two typical NNIOs (natural hematite and goethite) in comparison with their synthetic ones. It was found that NNIOs exhibit unparalleled and persistent photocurrent conversion versus the synthetic ones. NNIOs also had high dark radical conversion in contrast to little conversion of the synthetic ones. Owing to these unrivalled performance, NNIOs had significant advantages of killing bacteria over the synthetic ones. What is more important, thousand-fold higher degradation rates of eARGs were obtained by NNIOs than the synthetic ones under light or light–dark conditions. The residual eARG copies after synthesized hematite treatment were up to 17 400 times that of natural hematite groups, and this difference between synthetic and natural goethite was 1612 times. These novel findings imply that enough attention should be paid to the overlooked huge contribution of NNIOs to aquatic eARG elimination and reduction of antibiotic resistance risk. The mechanisms of incomparable photoelectric and dark radical conversions of NNIOs and their ultraefficient degradation of eARGs deserve further study.
{"title":"Unparalleled photocurrent and dark radical conversions of natural nano-iron oxides versus synthetic ones: thousand-fold enhanced degradation of extra antibiotic resistant genes","authors":"Yutong Meng, Daiye Fu, Jundie Ying, Xiangliang Pan","doi":"10.1039/d5en00188a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5en00188a","url":null,"abstract":"Antibiotic resistant genes (ARGs) have been widely detected in global rivers, lakes and oceans. Although nanoscale natural acrisol iron oxides (NNIOs) are ubiquitous in global aquatic environments, their photoelectric conversion efficiency and bactericidal and ARG removal are not well clarified. This study evaluated the photocurrent conversion and photocatalytic degradation of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and extracellular ARGs (eARGs) of two typical NNIOs (natural hematite and goethite) in comparison with their synthetic ones. It was found that NNIOs exhibit unparalleled and persistent photocurrent conversion <em>versus</em> the synthetic ones. NNIOs also had high dark radical conversion in contrast to little conversion of the synthetic ones. Owing to these unrivalled performance, NNIOs had significant advantages of killing bacteria over the synthetic ones. What is more important, thousand-fold higher degradation rates of eARGs were obtained by NNIOs than the synthetic ones under light or light–dark conditions. The residual eARG copies after synthesized hematite treatment were up to 17 400 times that of natural hematite groups, and this difference between synthetic and natural goethite was 1612 times. These novel findings imply that enough attention should be paid to the overlooked huge contribution of NNIOs to aquatic eARG elimination and reduction of antibiotic resistance risk. The mechanisms of incomparable photoelectric and dark radical conversions of NNIOs and their ultraefficient degradation of eARGs deserve further study.","PeriodicalId":73,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science: Nano","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.131,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144066221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lead [Pb(II)] contamination poses a critical environmental and public health challenge, necessitating innovative and sustainable remediation strategies. This study presents cellulose acetate (CA)-BNMG-1 nanoMOF beads, synthesised via a green, water-based process without hazardous chemicals. By embedding this nanoMOF into a CA polymer matrix, the beads achieve remarkable Pb(II) removal efficiencies exceeding 80% in complex aqueous systems, including canal water and artificial seawater, even with competing ions and naturally occurring microbial contaminants in canal water. The beads exhibit significantly enhanced selectivity for Pb(II), with separation factors (SFs) improving from 2.5 to 350 for Pb/Mn, 57.4 to 220.6 for Pb/Ni, and 150.6 to 314 for Pb/Cd compared to the parent BNMG-1 nanoMOF. Structural stability is ensured, with Cu(II) leaching reduced to below 5% at higher and less than 1% at lower Pb(II) concentrations (5 bead/mL). Furthermore, the beads demonstrate outstanding reusability, retaining over 95% Pb(II) removal efficiency after three cycles. The CA matrix enhances nanoMOF stability, facilitating bead recovery via simple filtration, addressing challenges in scalability and sustainability. This work aligns with Safe and Sustainable by Design (SSbD) principles, providing an eco-friendly and scalable solution for heavy metal remediation, advancing sustainable water treatment technologies for real-world applications.
{"title":"Cellulose Acetate-nanoMOF Beads: A Safe, Sustainable and Scalable Solution for Lead Remediation in Complex Water Systems","authors":"Prathmesh Bhadane, Swaroop Chakraborty","doi":"10.1039/d5en00056d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5en00056d","url":null,"abstract":"Lead [Pb(II)] contamination poses a critical environmental and public health challenge, necessitating innovative and sustainable remediation strategies. This study presents cellulose acetate (CA)-BNMG-1 nanoMOF beads, synthesised via a green, water-based process without hazardous chemicals. By embedding this nanoMOF into a CA polymer matrix, the beads achieve remarkable Pb(II) removal efficiencies exceeding 80% in complex aqueous systems, including canal water and artificial seawater, even with competing ions and naturally occurring microbial contaminants in canal water. The beads exhibit significantly enhanced selectivity for Pb(II), with separation factors (SFs) improving from 2.5 to 350 for Pb/Mn, 57.4 to 220.6 for Pb/Ni, and 150.6 to 314 for Pb/Cd compared to the parent BNMG-1 nanoMOF. Structural stability is ensured, with Cu(II) leaching reduced to below 5% at higher and less than 1% at lower Pb(II) concentrations (5 bead/mL). Furthermore, the beads demonstrate outstanding reusability, retaining over 95% Pb(II) removal efficiency after three cycles. The CA matrix enhances nanoMOF stability, facilitating bead recovery via simple filtration, addressing challenges in scalability and sustainability. This work aligns with Safe and Sustainable by Design (SSbD) principles, providing an eco-friendly and scalable solution for heavy metal remediation, advancing sustainable water treatment technologies for real-world applications.","PeriodicalId":73,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science: Nano","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.131,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143979993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The widespread use of triazine pesticides in agricultural practices raises concerns regarding their potential harm to both humans and the environment, given their known carcinogenic and neurotoxic effects. Triazine pesticides exhibit various toxic effects on organisms, posing a significant challenge in accurately distinguishing them due to their analogous structures. Herein, we functionalized platinum nanoparticles (Pt NPs) and constructed a three-channel sensing array by modulating their oxidase-like activities through various ligands on the surface of Pt NPs. Triazine pesticides can inhibit the activity of functionalized Pt NPs, allowing the substrate TMB to show different degrees of color development reaction, which provides a solid basis for the construction of sensing arrays by platinum nanozymes. The proposed platinum nanozyme sensing array showed good performance for the identification of five kinds of triazine pesticides (atrazine, simazine, metribuzin, metamitron, and terbutryn) across a wide range of concentrations (0.5-100 µg/mL) through statistical classification using advanced algorithms like linear discriminant analysis (LDA) and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA). Importantly, the sensing array exhibited good anti-interference ability and achieved accurate discrimination of structurally similar triazine pesticides in real water samples. This study provided a simple and effective method for the identification of triazine pesticides, with potential for discriminating other related pollutants such as antibiotics and biotoxins for environmental monitoring and food safety.
{"title":"Colorimetric Nanozyme Sensing Array based on the Interface Interaction of Platinum Nanoparticles for Discriminating Structurally Similar Triazine Pesticides in Water","authors":"Bingqian Jing, Yuanyuan Li, Xiaofeng Liu, Zihang Zeng, Zan Long, Bingni Jia, Bo Feng, Peng Zhang, Taiping Qing","doi":"10.1039/d5en00182j","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5en00182j","url":null,"abstract":"The widespread use of triazine pesticides in agricultural practices raises concerns regarding their potential harm to both humans and the environment, given their known carcinogenic and neurotoxic effects. Triazine pesticides exhibit various toxic effects on organisms, posing a significant challenge in accurately distinguishing them due to their analogous structures. Herein, we functionalized platinum nanoparticles (Pt NPs) and constructed a three-channel sensing array by modulating their oxidase-like activities through various ligands on the surface of Pt NPs. Triazine pesticides can inhibit the activity of functionalized Pt NPs, allowing the substrate TMB to show different degrees of color development reaction, which provides a solid basis for the construction of sensing arrays by platinum nanozymes. The proposed platinum nanozyme sensing array showed good performance for the identification of five kinds of triazine pesticides (atrazine, simazine, metribuzin, metamitron, and terbutryn) across a wide range of concentrations (0.5-100 µg/mL) through statistical classification using advanced algorithms like linear discriminant analysis (LDA) and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA). Importantly, the sensing array exhibited good anti-interference ability and achieved accurate discrimination of structurally similar triazine pesticides in real water samples. This study provided a simple and effective method for the identification of triazine pesticides, with potential for discriminating other related pollutants such as antibiotics and biotoxins for environmental monitoring and food safety.","PeriodicalId":73,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science: Nano","volume":"87 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.131,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143945684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yao Li, Zhaomin Dong, Xiangrui Wang, Ying Wang, Wenhong Fan
Limited research on the toxicokinetics of nanoparticles (NPs) in pregnant rats hinders our understanding of the potential risks they pose to the pregnant population. This study examined how exposure dose and size of NPs impacted their specific distribution in pregnant rats under repeated dosing. Results revealed that Au NPs mainly accumulated in the spleen and liver, followed by the uterus, while the heart, placenta, and fetus showed the least accumulation. The decrease of exposure size induced faster elimination of Au NPs in serum and organs. The increase of exposure dose induced faster elimination in serum but slower elimination in organs, higher accumulation, and larger size of Au NPs in vivo. The accumulation and biodistribution of Au NPs varied across different organs depending on the exposure size. Particularly, Au NPs with an in vivo size of 40 nm were shown to transfer the placenta and accumulate in the fetus, regardless of the exposure dose and size. Such effect was closely related to the transport routes of Au NPs across the placenta, possibly via vesicular transport and the uptake of trophoblast cells. Our study illustrating the specific distribution of NPs in vivo provides important evidence for assessing the health risk of NPs.
{"title":"The accumulation and tissue distribution of gold nanoparticles exposure in pregnant rats","authors":"Yao Li, Zhaomin Dong, Xiangrui Wang, Ying Wang, Wenhong Fan","doi":"10.1039/d5en00164a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5en00164a","url":null,"abstract":"Limited research on the toxicokinetics of nanoparticles (NPs) in pregnant rats hinders our understanding of the potential risks they pose to the pregnant population. This study examined how exposure dose and size of NPs impacted their specific distribution in pregnant rats under repeated dosing. Results revealed that Au NPs mainly accumulated in the spleen and liver, followed by the uterus, while the heart, placenta, and fetus showed the least accumulation. The decrease of exposure size induced faster elimination of Au NPs in serum and organs. The increase of exposure dose induced faster elimination in serum but slower elimination in organs, higher accumulation, and larger size of Au NPs <em>in vivo</em>. The accumulation and biodistribution of Au NPs varied across different organs depending on the exposure size. Particularly, Au NPs with an <em>in vivo</em> size of 40 nm were shown to transfer the placenta and accumulate in the fetus, regardless of the exposure dose and size. Such effect was closely related to the transport routes of Au NPs across the placenta, possibly via vesicular transport and the uptake of trophoblast cells. Our study illustrating the specific distribution of NPs<em> in vivo</em> provides important evidence for assessing the health risk of NPs.","PeriodicalId":73,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science: Nano","volume":"121 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.131,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143945685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Li Keke, Li Yiting, Yin Xiaohui, Yuan Yi, Yin Junliang, Chen Yunfeng, Zhu Yongxing
Drought imposes severe constraints on wheat production, especially when stress occurs at the seedling stage. Silica nanoparticles (SiNPs) could alleviate drought stress; however, their precise regulation mechanism in wheat remains largely unknown. This study examined the biological effects of SiNP200 (200 mg L−1 SiNPs) on drought-stressed seeds and seedlings. Under drought stress, SiNP200 enhanced the germination rate, potential, radical length, and shoot length. Further analysis showed that SiNP200 upregulated the expression of TaSOD, TaAPX, TaPOD, TaP5CS, and TaSWEET, thereby activating antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase, peroxide dismutase, and ascorbate, while also promoting the synthesis of osmotic regulators such as proline and soluble sugars. Notably, a decrease in MDA content was observed, and Schiff reagent and Evans blue staining confirmed that SiNP200 mitigated lipid peroxidation and improved plasma membrane integrity in drought-stressed wheat. These findings highlight the pivotal role of SiNP200 in enhancing wheat drought tolerance through the activation of ROS scavenging systems, reduction of lipid peroxidation, and alleviation of osmotic stress. This study demonstrated that SiNPs can enhance wheat seed germination and seedling development under drought stress, thereby providing a theoretical basis for the application of SiNP-based fertilizers.
{"title":"Silica nanoparticles enhanced seed germination and seedling growth of drought-stressed wheat by modulating antioxidant enzymes and mitigating lipid peroxidation","authors":"Li Keke, Li Yiting, Yin Xiaohui, Yuan Yi, Yin Junliang, Chen Yunfeng, Zhu Yongxing","doi":"10.1039/d5en00214a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5en00214a","url":null,"abstract":"Drought imposes severe constraints on wheat production, especially when stress occurs at the seedling stage. Silica nanoparticles (SiNPs) could alleviate drought stress; however, their precise regulation mechanism in wheat remains largely unknown. This study examined the biological effects of SiNP200 (200 mg L<small><sup>−1</sup></small> SiNPs) on drought-stressed seeds and seedlings. Under drought stress, SiNP200 enhanced the germination rate, potential, radical length, and shoot length. Further analysis showed that SiNP200 upregulated the expression of <em>TaSOD</em>, <em>TaAPX</em>, <em>TaPOD</em>, <em>TaP5CS</em>, and <em>TaSWEET</em>, thereby activating antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase, peroxide dismutase, and ascorbate, while also promoting the synthesis of osmotic regulators such as proline and soluble sugars. Notably, a decrease in MDA content was observed, and Schiff reagent and Evans blue staining confirmed that SiNP200 mitigated lipid peroxidation and improved plasma membrane integrity in drought-stressed wheat. These findings highlight the pivotal role of SiNP200 in enhancing wheat drought tolerance through the activation of ROS scavenging systems, reduction of lipid peroxidation, and alleviation of osmotic stress. This study demonstrated that SiNPs can enhance wheat seed germination and seedling development under drought stress, thereby providing a theoretical basis for the application of SiNP-based fertilizers.","PeriodicalId":73,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science: Nano","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.131,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143933026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Plastic contamination poses an increasing threat to our environment, particularly with the accumulation of nanoplastics (NPs, <1 µm) in aquatic systems. Amino-modified polystyrene nanoplastics (PSNPs-NH₂), due to their high reactivity and biocompatibility, may exert toxic effects on aquatic organisms like cyanobacteria. Microcystis aeruginosa (M. aeruginosa), a common cyanobacterium widely distributed in aquatic ecosystems, plays a crucial role as a primary producer and is sensitive to NPs and arsenic (As) contamination. This work examined the effects of PSNPs-NH₂ alone (PS), As alone (As), and co-exposure (AP) on Microcystis aeruginosa using exposure experiments, three-dimensional excitation-emission matrix (3D-EEM) fluorescence spectroscopy, and metabolomics. Results indicated that amino-modified polystyrene nanoplastics significantly inhibited M. aeruginosa growth, with chlorophyll a content reduced by 12.28%-12.96% at high doses amino-modified polystyrene nanoplastics increased intracellular O₂·⁻ levels by 5.10% - 15.75%, while Arsenic significantly elevated H₂O₂ levels by 2454.92%, which decreased by 74.61% - 87.76% under AP. Arsenic and AP increased intracellular and extracellular microcystin. Metabolomic analysis indicated that amino-modified polystyrene nanoplastics upregulated amino sugar metabolism to enhance extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) secretion, while AP activated fatty acid degradation to cope with stress. In summary, the research reveals the multi-level toxic impacts of PSNPs-NH₂ and arsenic, alone and co-exposure on Microcystis aeruginosa, providing scientific underpinnings for evaluating the potential threats of nanoplastics and metal (loid) co-exposure to aquatic ecosystems.
{"title":"Toxic effects and metabolic response mechanisms of amino-modified polystyrene nanoplastics and arsenic on Microcystis aeruginosa","authors":"Xinwei Shi, Qi Wang, Weitao Liu, Ruiying Shi, Yichen Ge, Jinzheng Liu","doi":"10.1039/d4en01106f","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4en01106f","url":null,"abstract":"Plastic contamination poses an increasing threat to our environment, particularly with the accumulation of nanoplastics (NPs, <1 µm) in aquatic systems. Amino-modified polystyrene nanoplastics (PSNPs-NH₂), due to their high reactivity and biocompatibility, may exert toxic effects on aquatic organisms like cyanobacteria. Microcystis aeruginosa (M. aeruginosa), a common cyanobacterium widely distributed in aquatic ecosystems, plays a crucial role as a primary producer and is sensitive to NPs and arsenic (As) contamination. This work examined the effects of PSNPs-NH₂ alone (PS), As alone (As), and co-exposure (AP) on Microcystis aeruginosa using exposure experiments, three-dimensional excitation-emission matrix (3D-EEM) fluorescence spectroscopy, and metabolomics. Results indicated that amino-modified polystyrene nanoplastics significantly inhibited M. aeruginosa growth, with chlorophyll a content reduced by 12.28%-12.96% at high doses amino-modified polystyrene nanoplastics increased intracellular O₂·⁻ levels by 5.10% - 15.75%, while Arsenic significantly elevated H₂O₂ levels by 2454.92%, which decreased by 74.61% - 87.76% under AP. Arsenic and AP increased intracellular and extracellular microcystin. Metabolomic analysis indicated that amino-modified polystyrene nanoplastics upregulated amino sugar metabolism to enhance extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) secretion, while AP activated fatty acid degradation to cope with stress. In summary, the research reveals the multi-level toxic impacts of PSNPs-NH₂ and arsenic, alone and co-exposure on Microcystis aeruginosa, providing scientific underpinnings for evaluating the potential threats of nanoplastics and metal (loid) co-exposure to aquatic ecosystems.","PeriodicalId":73,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science: Nano","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.131,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143933025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Weibiao Ye, Wenhao Lao, Lan Wu, Dong-Xing Guan, Chao Zhang, Yiping Feng, Liang Mao
2D MXene nanosheets are increasingly attracting interest due to their promising applications in materials science and biomedicine. However, the environmental fate of MXenes, particularly their biotransformation, is poorly understood. Here, the biodegradability of Ti3C2 MXene nanosheets was investigated using a plant horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-mediated reaction. The degradation rates of Ti3C2 MXene nanosheets were determined to be first-order in both HRP and H2O2 dosage. Material characterizations and product identifications revealed that peroxidase-catalyzed the oxidation of Ti3C2 MXene in the presence of H2O2, resulting in the formation of holes on its basal plane, the generation of titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles, and the release of CO2. The assessment using Daphnia magna revealed visible toxicity and enrichment of Ti3C2 MXene to aquatic organisms, with LC50 values of pristine Ti3C2 MXene to Daphnia as 55.41, 7.24, and 2.97 mg L-1 at 48, 72, and 96 h, respectively. Substantial accumulation (74.30 μg Ti mg-1 of dry tissue) of Ti3C2 MXene by Daphnia was observed after 48 h of exposure. Furthermore, the biological effects of HRP-degraded Ti3C2 MXene products on Daphnia were examined. Although the toxicity to Daphnia was reduced, a substantial increase in the bioaccumulation of Ti3C2 MXene biodegradation products (137.36 μg Ti mg-1 of dry tissue) was observed. These findings reveal that enzymatic degradation alters the size and surface chemistry of Ti3C2 MXene, potentially changing its toxicity and altering its environmental compatibility.
{"title":"Enzyme-Driven Biodegradation of Ti3C2 MXene: Unveiling Peroxidase-Mediated Pathways and Enhanced Bioaccumulation Risks in Aquatic Systems","authors":"Weibiao Ye, Wenhao Lao, Lan Wu, Dong-Xing Guan, Chao Zhang, Yiping Feng, Liang Mao","doi":"10.1039/d5en00124b","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5en00124b","url":null,"abstract":"2D MXene nanosheets are increasingly attracting interest due to their promising applications in materials science and biomedicine. However, the environmental fate of MXenes, particularly their biotransformation, is poorly understood. Here, the biodegradability of Ti3C2 MXene nanosheets was investigated using a plant horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-mediated reaction. The degradation rates of Ti3C2 MXene nanosheets were determined to be first-order in both HRP and H2O2 dosage. Material characterizations and product identifications revealed that peroxidase-catalyzed the oxidation of Ti3C2 MXene in the presence of H2O2, resulting in the formation of holes on its basal plane, the generation of titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles, and the release of CO2. The assessment using Daphnia magna revealed visible toxicity and enrichment of Ti3C2 MXene to aquatic organisms, with LC50 values of pristine Ti3C2 MXene to Daphnia as 55.41, 7.24, and 2.97 mg L-1 at 48, 72, and 96 h, respectively. Substantial accumulation (74.30 μg Ti mg-1 of dry tissue) of Ti3C2 MXene by Daphnia was observed after 48 h of exposure. Furthermore, the biological effects of HRP-degraded Ti3C2 MXene products on Daphnia were examined. Although the toxicity to Daphnia was reduced, a substantial increase in the bioaccumulation of Ti3C2 MXene biodegradation products (137.36 μg Ti mg-1 of dry tissue) was observed. These findings reveal that enzymatic degradation alters the size and surface chemistry of Ti3C2 MXene, potentially changing its toxicity and altering its environmental compatibility.","PeriodicalId":73,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science: Nano","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.131,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143920853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The transport behavior of levofloxacin (LEV, a typical fluoroquinolone antibiotic) in aquifers may be affected by clay particles (e.g., montmorillonite colloids) and surfactants, which are widespread in aquatic environments. Little is known about the influence of different surfactants (e.g., chemical and bio-surfactants) on the LEV mobility in the presence of clay colloids. In this study, sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate (SDBS) and rhamnolipid (Rha) were chosen as typical chemical surfactants and bio-surfactants, respectively. The combined roles of montmorillonite colloids and different surfactants on LEV mobility in saturated porous media under different pH conditions (5.0–9.0) were investigated. Generally, montmorillonite colloids promote LEV transport because of the colloids' high mobility and the montmorillonite binding capacity toward LEV. Meanwhile, the enhanced effects decreased with increasing pH because of the declined adsorption of LEV to colloids. Interestingly, colloid-facilitated transport of LEV was enhanced by the presence of surfactants. These observations mainly stem from the enhanced mobility of montmorillonite colloids and the increased binding abilities of colloids for LEV induced by surfactants (via the bridging effects of surfactants). Interestingly, compared with Rha, SDBS exhibited a superior effect on montmorillonite colloid-facilitated LEV transport. This is because more LEV is adsorbed onto clay colloids in the presence of SDBS owing to greater bridging effects and additional π–π stacking interactions. As a result, an increased amount of colloid-associated LEV may penetrate the columns. This study provides a fresh understanding of the diverse impacts of ubiquitous surfactants on colloid-mediated transport of antibiotics in subsurface environments.
{"title":"Comparison of the effects of chemical surfactant and bio-surfactant on montmorillonite colloid-mediated transport of levofloxacin through saturated porous media","authors":"Bin Wang, ZhiWei Chen, Kunyu Wen, Qiang Zhang, Taotao Lu, Usman Farooq, Zhichong Qi","doi":"10.1039/d5en00127g","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5en00127g","url":null,"abstract":"The transport behavior of levofloxacin (LEV, a typical fluoroquinolone antibiotic) in aquifers may be affected by clay particles (e.g., montmorillonite colloids) and surfactants, which are widespread in aquatic environments. Little is known about the influence of different surfactants (e.g., chemical and bio-surfactants) on the LEV mobility in the presence of clay colloids. In this study, sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate (SDBS) and rhamnolipid (Rha) were chosen as typical chemical surfactants and bio-surfactants, respectively. The combined roles of montmorillonite colloids and different surfactants on LEV mobility in saturated porous media under different pH conditions (5.0–9.0) were investigated. Generally, montmorillonite colloids promote LEV transport because of the colloids' high mobility and the montmorillonite binding capacity toward LEV. Meanwhile, the enhanced effects decreased with increasing pH because of the declined adsorption of LEV to colloids. Interestingly, colloid-facilitated transport of LEV was enhanced by the presence of surfactants. These observations mainly stem from the enhanced mobility of montmorillonite colloids and the increased binding abilities of colloids for LEV induced by surfactants (via the bridging effects of surfactants). Interestingly, compared with Rha, SDBS exhibited a superior effect on montmorillonite colloid-facilitated LEV transport. This is because more LEV is adsorbed onto clay colloids in the presence of SDBS owing to greater bridging effects and additional π–π stacking interactions. As a result, an increased amount of colloid-associated LEV may penetrate the columns. This study provides a fresh understanding of the diverse impacts of ubiquitous surfactants on colloid-mediated transport of antibiotics in subsurface environments.","PeriodicalId":73,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science: Nano","volume":"159 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.131,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143920854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rahul Chetry, Adityasukumar Pasagadi, Muhammad Zubair, Aman Ullah, M. S. Roopesh
Water quality is a crucial aspect of public health, and microbial contamination remains a significant challenge, necessitating the exploration of innovative water treatment methods. This study investigated the inactivation of Escherichia coli AW 1.7 in water driven by light-emitting diodes (LED) emitting UV-A (365 nm), near UV-visible (395 nm), and blue (455 nm) light in combination with graphene oxide (GO) nanoparticles (NP) and nanochitosan (NC). E. coli inoculum was added to NP solutions (0.2 and 0.3 % of GO and NC) and treated with the LED for 10 and 20 min. Results demonstrated that all GO treatments with different LED reduced E. coli populations below the limit of detection (LOD) (>5 log CFU/mL). In the case of NC (0.2 and 0.3%), UV-A was more effective on the photocatalytic inactivation with >5 log CFU/mL reduction in the E. coli population. The combination of NP, H2O2, and 365 nm LED also gave significant (p-value <0.05) E. coli reductions. Among individual LED treatments, UV-A was more effective in inactivating the E. coli. The higher oxidation-reduction potential (ORP), electrical conductivity, and lower pH contributed to the greater E. coli inactivation with GO and LED combination treatments. The Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy showed partial photoreduction of oxygen-containing functional groups in GO, while the structure of NC remained relatively unchanged. The study suggests the photocatalytic antibacterial potential of GO and NC, highlighting their application in water treatment.
{"title":"Antibacterial Efficacy of Light-Activated Graphene Oxide Nanoparticles and Nanochitosan in Water","authors":"Rahul Chetry, Adityasukumar Pasagadi, Muhammad Zubair, Aman Ullah, M. S. Roopesh","doi":"10.1039/d5en00210a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5en00210a","url":null,"abstract":"Water quality is a crucial aspect of public health, and microbial contamination remains a significant challenge, necessitating the exploration of innovative water treatment methods. This study investigated the inactivation of Escherichia coli AW 1.7 in water driven by light-emitting diodes (LED) emitting UV-A (365 nm), near UV-visible (395 nm), and blue (455 nm) light in combination with graphene oxide (GO) nanoparticles (NP) and nanochitosan (NC). E. coli inoculum was added to NP solutions (0.2 and 0.3 % of GO and NC) and treated with the LED for 10 and 20 min. Results demonstrated that all GO treatments with different LED reduced E. coli populations below the limit of detection (LOD) (>5 log CFU/mL). In the case of NC (0.2 and 0.3%), UV-A was more effective on the photocatalytic inactivation with >5 log CFU/mL reduction in the E. coli population. The combination of NP, H2O2, and 365 nm LED also gave significant (p-value <0.05) E. coli reductions. Among individual LED treatments, UV-A was more effective in inactivating the E. coli. The higher oxidation-reduction potential (ORP), electrical conductivity, and lower pH contributed to the greater E. coli inactivation with GO and LED combination treatments. The Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy showed partial photoreduction of oxygen-containing functional groups in GO, while the structure of NC remained relatively unchanged. The study suggests the photocatalytic antibacterial potential of GO and NC, highlighting their application in water treatment.","PeriodicalId":73,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science: Nano","volume":"383 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.131,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143920806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nanotechnology has revolutionized industries, but the unique properties of nanoparticles, such as small size, large surface area, and stability, enable them to bypass natural defence systems, complicating toxicity assessments. This study investigated the toxic effects and migration of micro- or nanoparticles, specifically polystyrene (PS; 100 nm and 300 nm), graphene quantum dots (GQDs), and single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs)—in hydroponically grown cherry radishes and lettuce. In cherry radishes, nanoparticles disrupted cellular processes, breaking down starch and protein into soluble sugars and proteins, increasing their concentrations by 11.9–18.8% and 44.8–75.5%, respectively, depending on nanoparticle type and concentration. The increase in small molecule content raised cell sap concentration, enhancing cell osmotic pressure, and promoting water absorption. Root dehydrogenase activity (DHA) decreased significantly under 50 mg/L treatments of PS100, PS300, GQDs, and SWCNTs by 47.3%, 26.3%, 60.3%, and 36.9%, respectively, leading to reduced root vitality. In lettuce, nanoparticle induced antioxidative responses, significantly increasing hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) levels. Under 10 mg/L treatments, H2O2 content rose by 30.6%, 1.1%, 28.5%, and 67.4% for PS100, PS300, GQDs, and SWCNTs, respectively, and by 76.4%, 1.1%, 43.2%, and 29.5% under 50 mg/L. Microplastics caused higher H2O2 accumulation than GQDs and SWCNTs. Elevated malondialdehyde (MDA) levels indicated severe lipid peroxidation, with GQDs causing the most damage, reducing lipid content by 63.2% and 38.2%. Micro- or nanoparticles can penetrate plant cells, accumulating in the fleshy root cells of cherry radishes. In lettuce, PS300 particles can migrate from roots to leaves through transpiration, while SWCNTs can induce cytoplasmic and cell wall separation. Micro- or nanoparticles accumulate in directly exposed lettuce roots, but whether they can migrate to unexposed roots of the same plant still requires further investigation.
{"title":"Stress impacts of different types of micro- and nanomaterials on vegetable crops","authors":"weiwen qiu, Minling Gao, Xue Meng, Youming Dong, Qinghai Liu, Cheng Qiu, Zhengguo Song","doi":"10.1039/d5en00237k","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5en00237k","url":null,"abstract":"Nanotechnology has revolutionized industries, but the unique properties of nanoparticles, such as small size, large surface area, and stability, enable them to bypass natural defence systems, complicating toxicity assessments. This study investigated the toxic effects and migration of micro- or nanoparticles, specifically polystyrene (PS; 100 nm and 300 nm), graphene quantum dots (GQDs), and single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs)—in hydroponically grown cherry radishes and lettuce. In cherry radishes, nanoparticles disrupted cellular processes, breaking down starch and protein into soluble sugars and proteins, increasing their concentrations by 11.9–18.8% and 44.8–75.5%, respectively, depending on nanoparticle type and concentration. The increase in small molecule content raised cell sap concentration, enhancing cell osmotic pressure, and promoting water absorption. Root dehydrogenase activity (DHA) decreased significantly under 50 mg/L treatments of PS100, PS300, GQDs, and SWCNTs by 47.3%, 26.3%, 60.3%, and 36.9%, respectively, leading to reduced root vitality. In lettuce, nanoparticle induced antioxidative responses, significantly increasing hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) levels. Under 10 mg/L treatments, H2O2 content rose by 30.6%, 1.1%, 28.5%, and 67.4% for PS100, PS300, GQDs, and SWCNTs, respectively, and by 76.4%, 1.1%, 43.2%, and 29.5% under 50 mg/L. Microplastics caused higher H2O2 accumulation than GQDs and SWCNTs. Elevated malondialdehyde (MDA) levels indicated severe lipid peroxidation, with GQDs causing the most damage, reducing lipid content by 63.2% and 38.2%. Micro- or nanoparticles can penetrate plant cells, accumulating in the fleshy root cells of cherry radishes. In lettuce, PS300 particles can migrate from roots to leaves through transpiration, while SWCNTs can induce cytoplasmic and cell wall separation. Micro- or nanoparticles accumulate in directly exposed lettuce roots, but whether they can migrate to unexposed roots of the same plant still requires further investigation.","PeriodicalId":73,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science: Nano","volume":"95 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.131,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143915516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：