The two most important domains of an individual’s life are work and family. Work and Home can be called two different domains that people have associated with different rules, thought patterns and behaviors. The ability of workers to balance their work and family lives depends on the characteristics of their jobs as well as their individual and family variables and situations. One of the key potential areas of conflict associated with work-life balance relates to travel-to-work. Work-life issues are particularly sensitive to national contexts. Certainly, for most people, different roles and the management of them are desirable. Most people are multidimensional, and work and life are complementary. Conflict is often caused by the incompatible personal expectations of work and life roles. The forced lockdown during COVID-19 has not improved the work life balance for most people even though they were able to spend more time with family and there was no commute time. Many have lost the fascination for exotic places and may prefer to go nearby places for leisure as there is much fear in travel especially international one. These will have a great impact on the tourism industry post COVID-19 as food, travel, stay and leisure activities are the main components of tourism.
{"title":"Work Life Balance Post COVID-19","authors":"R. Ramakrishnan","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3717081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3717081","url":null,"abstract":"The two most important domains of an individual’s life are work and family. Work and Home can be called two different domains that people have associated with different rules, thought patterns and behaviors. The ability of workers to balance their work and family lives depends on the characteristics of their jobs as well as their individual and family variables and situations. \u0000 \u0000One of the key potential areas of conflict associated with work-life balance relates to travel-to-work. Work-life issues are particularly sensitive to national contexts. Certainly, for most people, different roles and the management of them are desirable. \u0000 \u0000Most people are multidimensional, and work and life are complementary. Conflict is often caused by the incompatible personal expectations of work and life roles. The forced lockdown during COVID-19 has not improved the work life balance for most people even though they were able to spend more time with family and there was no commute time. \u0000 \u0000Many have lost the fascination for exotic places and may prefer to go nearby places for leisure as there is much fear in travel especially international one. These will have a great impact on the tourism industry post COVID-19 as food, travel, stay and leisure activities are the main components of tourism.","PeriodicalId":315647,"journal":{"name":"TransportRN: Transportation & Pandemics (Topic)","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115383773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper employs the theoretical lens of social capital to examine social distancing behavior during the COVID-19 pandemic. By exploiting daily mobile GPS location data, we provide strong evidence for the diverse effects of the two constituents of social capital, civic norms and social networks, on social distancing. While civic norms have a positive effect, social networks have a negative impact on social distancing as measured by time spent at home. These results are consistent with a nuanced view of social capital: civic norms facilitate cooperation and self-sacrifice for the common good, whereas social networks increase individual embeddedness and hence inertia in maintaining social interactions, resulting in opposite effects on social distancing. Our results contribute to the research at the intersection of social capital and individual ethical behavior and provide valuable insights for policy makers and businesses in dealing with a global pandemic.
{"title":"The Impact of Social Capital on Individual Responses to COVID-19 Pandemic: Evidence from Social Distancing","authors":"John (Jianqiu) Bai, Wang Jin, Chi Wan","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3609001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3609001","url":null,"abstract":"This paper employs the theoretical lens of social capital to examine social distancing behavior during the COVID-19 pandemic. By exploiting daily mobile GPS location data, we provide strong evidence for the diverse effects of the two constituents of social capital, civic norms and social networks, on social distancing. While civic norms have a positive effect, social networks have a negative impact on social distancing as measured by time spent at home. These results are consistent with a nuanced view of social capital: civic norms facilitate cooperation and self-sacrifice for the common good, whereas social networks increase individual embeddedness and hence inertia in maintaining social interactions, resulting in opposite effects on social distancing. Our results contribute to the research at the intersection of social capital and individual ethical behavior and provide valuable insights for policy makers and businesses in dealing with a global pandemic.","PeriodicalId":315647,"journal":{"name":"TransportRN: Transportation & Pandemics (Topic)","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125004550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Even if one is sympathetic to the idea of helping industries in times of crisis, the critical question to ask is, Are there more effective ways to resolve a company’s financial problems than a taxpayer-funded bailout?
While the airline industry is always fast to request a bailout, such a bailout is rarely appropriate. As far as bailouts go, it is preferable to extend loans to firms than outright grants. Nevertheless, before the government considers any sort of bailout for the airlines, airlines should always first go through the bankruptcy process.
As the United States has seen in the past, airline bankruptcy does not present any significant contagion risk to the economy. Airlines have often flown through bankruptcy successfully—American, Delta, and United have all done it—and airlines that each has merged with have done it as well, in some cases more than once, without jeopardizing airline operation or safety. And any help for workers should address the needs they face independently of which industry they work for.
A hasty legislative package, pushed through in an emergency when the industry is weak and voters are panicked, should be kept as limited as possible. The risk is that operational reforms imposed under these circumstances will make the industry worse off once the crisis passes.
{"title":"The Case against Bailing Out the Airline Industry","authors":"Véronique de Rugy, Gary Leff","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3571441","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3571441","url":null,"abstract":"Even if one is sympathetic to the idea of helping industries in times of crisis, the critical question to ask is, Are there more effective ways to resolve a company’s financial problems than a taxpayer-funded bailout?<br><br>While the airline industry is always fast to request a bailout, such a bailout is rarely appropriate. As far as bailouts go, it is preferable to extend loans to firms than outright grants. Nevertheless, before the government considers any sort of bailout for the airlines, airlines should always first go through the bankruptcy process.<br><br>As the United States has seen in the past, airline bankruptcy does not present any significant contagion risk to the economy. Airlines have often flown through bankruptcy successfully—American, Delta, and United have all done it—and airlines that each has merged with have done it as well, in some cases more than once, without jeopardizing airline operation or safety. And any help for workers should address the needs they face independently of which industry they work for.<br><br>A hasty legislative package, pushed through in an emergency when the industry is weak and voters are panicked, should be kept as limited as possible. The risk is that operational reforms imposed under these circumstances will make the industry worse off once the crisis passes.","PeriodicalId":315647,"journal":{"name":"TransportRN: Transportation & Pandemics (Topic)","volume":"149 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124148347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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