Object detection methods have been evolving as deep learning gives the major support for the classification of the dataset irrespective of the domain. In this paper, underwater sonar image target detection methods are reviewed using deep learning comparatively. Types of sonar-like side-scan sonar, forward-looking sonar, synthetic aperture sonar provide higher resolution images than optical images in low illuminated water. Recently research on underwater exploration using Automated underwater vehicles (AUV) mounted with sonar sensors are evolving to support long searches to find objects of interest. The object detection can help us classify mines, seafloor, ocean habitats, shipwrecks, and finding drowning victims. This paper specifies a survey on state-of-the-art deep learning techniques used for underwater object detection from Sonar images. The study shows that deep learning techniques using transfer learning in real datasets as well as in semisynthetic dataset helps improve the efficiency of object detection.
{"title":"Survey on Deep Learning Techniques Used for Classification of Underwater Sonar Images","authors":"D. G, S. S, J. M. V.","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3734045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3734045","url":null,"abstract":"Object detection methods have been evolving as deep learning gives the major support for the classification of the dataset irrespective of the domain. In this paper, underwater sonar image target detection methods are reviewed using deep learning comparatively. Types of sonar-like side-scan sonar, forward-looking sonar, synthetic aperture sonar provide higher resolution images than optical images in low illuminated water. Recently research on underwater exploration using Automated underwater vehicles (AUV) mounted with sonar sensors are evolving to support long searches to find objects of interest. The object detection can help us classify mines, seafloor, ocean habitats, shipwrecks, and finding drowning victims. This paper specifies a survey on state-of-the-art deep learning techniques used for underwater object detection from Sonar images. The study shows that deep learning techniques using transfer learning in real datasets as well as in semisynthetic dataset helps improve the efficiency of object detection.","PeriodicalId":439218,"journal":{"name":"GeographyRN: Nature-Society Studies (Topic)","volume":"60 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130881621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ashish Parthasarathy, S. G., Thashneem Bhanu, Harish Unnikrishnan
Hampi was declared as one of the world renowned heritage sites of India which is located in the East Central-Karnataka. Netnography is a research method which includes technical components such as manual data mining and coding the text into the software which helps in various types of analysis required. Sentimental analysis was conducted through one of the analysis available in NVivo Software. This study aims to understand the experiences and the type of expectations generated through their cognitive thought process vis-à-vis Sentimental analysis. The data collection is done on blogs and reviews created by visitors from the Tripadvisor portal who have shared their experience through Digital Text. The current DMO management philosophy is largely focused on destination competitiveness. There is an important need to examine the components of sustainability and destination competitiveness concluding with suggestions for how DMOs will be evaluated in the future and the research needed to support those evaluation structures. The findings of this study indicate that of the 3 A’s of destinational attractiveness, Hampi truly satisfies only the Attraction element while the remaining two A’s – accessibility and amenities have not been addressed sufficiently by the tourism development authority. This research paper suggests that an increased focus on destination sustainability and/or destination competitiveness will result in creating sense of ‘WoW’ and create the entire journey memorable.
{"title":"Destinational Sustainability Analysis Through Netnography: Review on Hampi’s Attraction, Accessibility and Amenities","authors":"Ashish Parthasarathy, S. G., Thashneem Bhanu, Harish Unnikrishnan","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3678468","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3678468","url":null,"abstract":"Hampi was declared as one of the world renowned heritage sites of India which is located in the East Central-Karnataka. Netnography is a research method which includes technical components such as manual data mining and coding the text into the software which helps in various types of analysis required. Sentimental analysis was conducted through one of the analysis available in NVivo Software. This study aims to understand the experiences and the type of expectations generated through their cognitive thought process vis-à-vis Sentimental analysis. The data collection is done on blogs and reviews created by visitors from the Tripadvisor portal who have shared their experience through Digital Text. The current DMO management philosophy is largely focused on destination competitiveness. There is an important need to examine the components of sustainability and destination competitiveness concluding with suggestions for how DMOs will be evaluated in the future and the research needed to support those evaluation structures. The findings of this study indicate that of the 3 A’s of destinational attractiveness, Hampi truly satisfies only the Attraction element while the remaining two A’s – accessibility and amenities have not been addressed sufficiently by the tourism development authority. This research paper suggests that an increased focus on destination sustainability and/or destination competitiveness will result in creating sense of ‘WoW’ and create the entire journey memorable.","PeriodicalId":439218,"journal":{"name":"GeographyRN: Nature-Society Studies (Topic)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129898832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Amar Ganapati Hegde, K. K, Junaid Gul, Aditya Shridhar Bhat, Sowndeswari S
About 71 percentage of the earth’s surface is covered by water and this natural resource is being used by humans for various activities. This include applications a such as for trade, transportation, underwater resource extraction and defence. Mankind has experienced various emergency situations related to the activities that are performed over these water bodies and for every emergency circumstances divers are required who may not be available. Also for the exploration and surveillance of underwater environment by human labour is not efficient. To overcome these challenges we propose a UUV (Unmanned Underwater Vehicle) named “Electromated Fish”. The proposed system includes the design and construction of the Electromated fish which resembles a natural fish. The term Electromated stands for “Electronically Automated”. The design procedure adapts a bio-inspired approach which makes the model resemble a natural fish in both its appearance and movements. The Electromated fish is more competent than current UUVs propelled by motion because the fish is a paradigm of bio-inspired UUV. The Electromated Fish can operate in complex environments. They can perform underwater exploration and also can be used for surveillance of submerged zone. While operating, the proposed model can deliver heightened performance when compared to other UUVs available. An attempt has been made to develop an Electromated fish with improved manoeuvrability (movements) and performance features.
{"title":"Electromated Fish for Underwater Surveillance","authors":"Amar Ganapati Hegde, K. K, Junaid Gul, Aditya Shridhar Bhat, Sowndeswari S","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3508654","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3508654","url":null,"abstract":"About 71 percentage of the earth’s surface is covered by water and this natural resource is being used by humans for various activities. This include applications a such as for trade, transportation, underwater resource extraction and defence. Mankind has experienced various emergency situations related to the activities that are performed over these water bodies and for every emergency circumstances divers are required who may not be available. Also for the exploration and surveillance of underwater environment by human labour is not efficient. To overcome these challenges we propose a UUV (Unmanned Underwater Vehicle) named “Electromated Fish”. The proposed system includes the design and construction of the Electromated fish which resembles a natural fish. The term Electromated stands for “Electronically Automated”. The design procedure adapts a bio-inspired approach which makes the model resemble a natural fish in both its appearance and movements. The Electromated fish is more competent than current UUVs propelled by motion because the fish is a paradigm of bio-inspired UUV. The Electromated Fish can operate in complex environments. They can perform underwater exploration and also can be used for surveillance of submerged zone. While operating, the proposed model can deliver heightened performance when compared to other UUVs available. An attempt has been made to develop an Electromated fish with improved manoeuvrability (movements) and performance features.","PeriodicalId":439218,"journal":{"name":"GeographyRN: Nature-Society Studies (Topic)","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132314172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this paper, we propose an integrated model of two-sided stochastic matching platforms to understand the operations of free-float shared-mobility systems, wherein agents on both sides respond to incentive instruments. In particular, we address the joint design of incentives as well as spatial allocation of capacity in such systems. Addressing such a problem via both stylized models and computational studies, we obtain analytical insights in the design and operations for such shared-mobility systems. Methodology-wise, we identify an analytical paradigm that certain stochastic models can be operationalized using tractable computational framework under heavy traffic approximations. From the platform's perspective, we formulate a strategic double-ended queueing model. We identify an operational regime wherein the systems performance is competitive in almost all dimensions against alternative scenarios. We implement this optimization problem in a real case study, using a data set from a leading free-float bicycle-sharing system, and solve it via mixed-integer Second-Order Conic Programs (SOCPs). Both stylized results and computational studies generate insights about fundamental trade-offs and triangular relationships among operational costs, capacity utilization rates and service levels. Interestingly, we find the value of parking capacity design in determining the market thickness (transient service availability) in such a two-sided marketplace. We also demonstrate that this framework can be extended in multiple directions, e.g., optimal service region design, incentive externalities, and potentially a wider range of applications. Our insights guide the platform as well as the policy-maker in terms of incentive-driven demand-supply balancing, as well as the design and spatial allocation of parking spaces for shared-mobility systems.
{"title":"Beyond Rebalancing: Crowd-Sourcing and Geo-Fencing for Shared-Mobility Systems","authors":"Qiaochu He, Tiantian Nie, Yun Yang, Z. Shen","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3293022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3293022","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we propose an integrated model of two-sided stochastic matching platforms to understand the operations of free-float shared-mobility systems, wherein agents on both sides respond to incentive instruments. In particular, we address the joint design of incentives as well as spatial allocation of capacity in such systems. Addressing such a problem via both stylized models and computational studies, we obtain analytical insights in the design and operations for such shared-mobility systems. Methodology-wise, we identify an analytical paradigm that certain stochastic models can be operationalized using tractable computational framework under heavy traffic approximations. \u0000 \u0000From the platform's perspective, we formulate a strategic double-ended queueing model. We identify an operational regime wherein the systems performance is competitive in almost all dimensions against alternative scenarios. We implement this optimization problem in a real case study, using a data set from a leading free-float bicycle-sharing system, and solve it via mixed-integer Second-Order Conic Programs (SOCPs). Both stylized results and computational studies generate insights about fundamental trade-offs and triangular relationships among operational costs, capacity utilization rates and service levels. Interestingly, we find the value of parking capacity design in determining the market thickness (transient service availability) in such a two-sided marketplace. We also demonstrate that this framework can be extended in multiple directions, e.g., optimal service region design, incentive externalities, and potentially a wider range of applications. Our insights guide the platform as well as the policy-maker in terms of incentive-driven demand-supply balancing, as well as the design and spatial allocation of parking spaces for shared-mobility systems.","PeriodicalId":439218,"journal":{"name":"GeographyRN: Nature-Society Studies (Topic)","volume":"268 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134521681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
English Abstract: The purpose of this research was to develop and evaluate the efficiency of the QR code system for the prevention of crime for taxi passengers. The sample of the study was the taxi passengers which divided into 10 samples and 30 field samples by 5 steps of research and development:
1) Theoretical Framework Examination by 3 experts in research and development, information technology including criminology.
2) The process of creating the description of the QR code system and the knowledge guidelines.
3) The development procedure.
4) Experimental implementation of the QR code system for the sample and evaluation.
5) The implementation of the QR code system for field trial and evaluation.
Result shows that; all database of the QR code system used in the sample is consistent with the crime prevention theory, Triangular crime and situational crime prevention. And all databases have evaluation results at the highest level. The results of the pre-test and post-trial evaluation were consistent with the anti-crime theories, Triangular crime and situational crime prevention which the results of the pre-knowledge assessment showed that all databases had the lowest level of evaluation. And after learning and experimenting with the QR code system, all databases have the highest rating.
{"title":"การพัฒนาระบบคิวอาร์โค้ดเพื่อป้ องกันอาชญากรรมสำหรับผู้โดยสารรถยนตร์ ับจ้าง (รถแท็กซี่) (Development of QR Code System to Prevent Crime for Taxi Passenger)","authors":"Santi Krobsanit","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3335190","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3335190","url":null,"abstract":"<b>Thai Abstract:</b> การวิจัยนี้มีวัตถุประสงค์เพื่อพัฒนาและประเมินประสิทธิภาพของระบบคิวอาร์โค้ดเพื่อป้องกันอาชญากรรมสาหรับผู้โดยสารรถยนต์รับจ้าง (รถแท็กซี่) โดยตัวอย่างของการวิจัย คือ ผู้โดยสารรถยนต์รับจ้าง (รถแท็กซี่) โดยแบ่งเป็นกลุ่มตัวอย่างขนาด 10 คน และกลุ่มตัวอย่างภาคสนาม ขนาด 30 คน โดยวิธีการดาเนินการวิจัยและพัฒนา 5 ขัน้ ตอนได้แก่ 1)การตรวจสอบกรอบแนวความคิดเชิงทฤษฎี จากผู้ทรงคุณวุฒิ ทั้ง3ด้านได้แก่ ด้านวิจัยและพัฒนา ด้านเทคโนโลยีสารสนเทศ และด้านอาชญาวิทยา 2) ขัน้ ตอนการสร้างรายละเอียดระบบคิวอาร์โค้ดและคู่มือการให้ความรู้ 3)ขัน้ ตอนการพัฒนา 4) การทดลองนาระบบคิวอาร์โค้ดไปใช้ในกลุ่มตัวอย่างและประเมินผล 5)การนาระบบคิวอาร์โค้ดไปทดลองใช้ในกลุ่มตัวอย่างภาคสนาม พร้อมทัง้ ประเมินผล ผลการวิจัยพบว่า ฐานข้อมูลต่างๆ ของระบบคิวอาร์โค้ดที่นาไปใช้ในกลุ่มตัวอย่างมีความสอดคล้องกับทฤษฎีการป้องกันอาชญากรรม สามเหลี่ยมอาชญากรรมและการป้องกันอาชญากรรมเชิงสถานการณ์ โดยทุกฐานข้อมูลมีผลการประเมิน อยู่ในระดับมากที่สุด รวมไปถึงผลการนาระบบคิวอาร์โค้ดไปใช้ในภาคสนาม 30 คน โดยการประเมินผลก่อนและหลังการทดลอง พบว่า มีความสอดคล้องกับทฤษฎีการป้องกันอาชญากรรม สามเหลี่ยมอาชญากรรมและการป้องกันอาชญากรรมเชิงสถานการณ์ ซึ่งผลการประเมินก่อนการให้ความรู้พบว่าทุกฐานข้อมูลมีผลการประเมินอยู่ในระดับน้อยที่สุด และหลังจากการให้ความรู้และทดลองใช้ระบบคิวอาร์โค้ดพบว่า ทุกฐานข้อมูลมีผลการประเมินอยู่ในระดับมากที่สุด<br><br><b>English Abstract:</b> The purpose of this research was to develop and evaluate the efficiency of the QR code system for the prevention of crime for taxi passengers. The sample of the study was the taxi passengers which divided into 10 samples and 30 field samples by 5 steps of research and development: <br><br>1) Theoretical Framework Examination by 3 experts in research and development, information technology including criminology. <br><br>2) The process of creating the description of the QR code system and the knowledge guidelines. <br><br>3) The development procedure. <br><br>4) Experimental implementation of the QR code system for the sample and evaluation. <br><br>5) The implementation of the QR code system for field trial and evaluation. <br><br>Result shows that; all database of the QR code system used in the sample is consistent with the crime prevention theory, Triangular crime and situational crime prevention. And all databases have evaluation results at the highest level. The results of the pre-test and post-trial evaluation were consistent with the anti-crime theories, Triangular crime and situational crime prevention which the results of the pre-knowledge assessment showed that all databases had the lowest level of evaluation. And after learning and experimenting with the QR code system, all databases have the highest rating.","PeriodicalId":439218,"journal":{"name":"GeographyRN: Nature-Society Studies (Topic)","volume":"109 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116538258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Detrended correlation analysis in the sample period 1992-2015 shows that on an annual time scale the acidity of rain in NY is responsive to the combined anthropogenic SO2 emissions in EPA Regions 1, 2, and 3; but that the acidity of lakes in the Adirondacks is not responsive to the acidity of rain in NY. An attempt to explain lake acidity in terms of dry deposition of anthropogenic SO2 emissions also failed. Our results are consistent with previous research which found no relationship between rain acidity and lake acidity and explained lake acidity in terms of soil chemistry in the catchment area of the lakes.
{"title":"The Acid Rain Program Part 1: Lake Acidity in the Adirondacks","authors":"Jamal Munshi","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2857442","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2857442","url":null,"abstract":"Detrended correlation analysis in the sample period 1992-2015 shows that on an annual time scale the acidity of rain in NY is responsive to the combined anthropogenic SO2 emissions in EPA Regions 1, 2, and 3; but that the acidity of lakes in the Adirondacks is not responsive to the acidity of rain in NY. An attempt to explain lake acidity in terms of dry deposition of anthropogenic SO2 emissions also failed. Our results are consistent with previous research which found no relationship between rain acidity and lake acidity and explained lake acidity in terms of soil chemistry in the catchment area of the lakes.","PeriodicalId":439218,"journal":{"name":"GeographyRN: Nature-Society Studies (Topic)","volume":"217 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114152504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Constants and consecutive efforts of the authorities of the region on management with use of scientific development, comprehensive and industry programs will provide high rates of expanded tourist reproduction which will promote at the same time both to the economic growth, an increase of welfare of the population, and preservation of surrounding environment.
{"title":"Ecological Requirements to Development of the Sphere of Tourism as a Significant Part of Regional Economy","authors":"V. Bagdasaryan","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2731033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2731033","url":null,"abstract":"Constants and consecutive efforts of the authorities of the region on management with use of scientific development, comprehensive and industry programs will provide high rates of expanded tourist reproduction which will promote at the same time both to the economic growth, an increase of welfare of the population, and preservation of surrounding environment.","PeriodicalId":439218,"journal":{"name":"GeographyRN: Nature-Society Studies (Topic)","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117126298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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