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Is Emerging Adulthood Influencing Moffitt's Developmental Taxonomy? Adding the "Prolonged" Adolescent Offender. 初成期影响莫菲特的发育分类吗?增加“长期”青少年罪犯。
Pub Date : 2012-04-01
Christopher Salvatore, Travis Taniguchi, Wayne N Welsh

The study of offender trajectories has been a prolific area of criminological research. However, few studies have incorporated the influence of emerging adulthood, a recently identified stage of the life course, on offending trajectories. The present study addressed this shortcoming by introducing the "prolonged adolescent" offender, a low-level offender between the ages of 18 and 25 that has failed to successfully transition into adult social roles. A theoretical background based in prior research in life-course criminology and emerging adulthood is presented. Using data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health analyses examined the relationship between indicators of traditional turning points and social bonds and low-level criminal offending and drug use. Several indicators including education, economic instability, and parental attachment were all predictive of offending and drug use.

对罪犯轨迹的研究一直是犯罪学研究的一个多产领域。然而,很少有研究将刚成年期(最近确定的人生阶段)对犯罪轨迹的影响纳入其中。本研究通过引入“长期青少年”罪犯来解决这一缺陷,这是一种年龄在18至25岁之间,未能成功过渡到成人社会角色的低级罪犯。提出了基于生命过程犯罪学和新兴成年期先前研究的理论背景。利用国家青少年健康纵向研究的数据,分析了传统转折点和社会纽带指标与低水平犯罪和吸毒之间的关系。包括教育、经济不稳定和父母依恋在内的几个指标都能预测犯罪和吸毒。
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引用次数: 0
Early Adult Outcomes of Male Arrest Trajectories: Propensity versus Causation Effects. 男性被捕轨迹的早期成年结果:倾向效应与因果效应
Pub Date : 2011-11-01
Margit Wiesner, Deborah M Capaldi, Hyoun K Kim

This study examined early adult outcomes of differing arrest trajectories across childhood through early adulthood that were identified in prior work for 197 at-risk young men. Early adult outcomes were assessed at ages 27-28 to 29-30 years. Predictive effects of arrest trajectory membership on outcomes were examined after controlling for various factors, including prior levels and early antisocial propensity. As early adults, both chronic offender groups showed poorer adjustment in terms of deviant peer affiliation, education, and work domains than did the Rare Offenders; High-Level Chronic Offenders stood out from all other groups in terms of mental health problems and physical aggression toward a partner. These effects represent plausible causal effects of developmental pathways of offending on the outcomes. Evidence for propensity effects on the outcomes was more limited. Theoretical and prevention implications are discussed.

本研究考察了 197 名高风险男性在童年到成年早期不同被捕轨迹的早期成年结果,这些轨迹是在之前的研究中发现的。成年早期结果在 27-28 岁至 29-30 岁时进行评估。在控制了各种因素(包括先前的水平和早期反社会倾向)之后,研究了被捕轨迹对结果的预测作用。与罕见罪犯相比,这两个慢性罪犯群体在成年早期的偏差同伴关系、教育和工作领域方面的适应能力都较差;在精神健康问题和对伴侣的身体攻击方面,高层次慢性罪犯与其他所有群体相比表现突出。这些影响代表了犯罪发展路径对结果的合理因果效应。倾向效应对结果的影响证据则较为有限。本文讨论了理论和预防方面的影响。
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引用次数: 0
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Western criminology review
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