JAPhA Practice Innovations最新文献

{"title":"Evaluating the impact of a pharmacist-led service to monitor patients on dupilumab","authors":"Xiaoling Huang,&nbsp;Germaine Huixi Chua,&nbsp;Ruki Wijesinghe,&nbsp;Yik Weng Yew","doi":"10.1016/j.japhpi.2026.100126","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.japhpi.2026.100126","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Dupilumab is an effective biologic therapy for moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis (AD) with a favorable safety profile. However, ocular symptoms and head and neck dermatitis are frequently reported, particularly among Asian populations, necessitating closer initial monitoring. With the rising prevalence of AD, increasing dupilumab use, and limited specialist resources, this creates opportunities for a Pharmacist Eczema Clinic (PEC) to review patients 2 to 4 weeks after dupilumab initiation, replacing a dermatologist-led review.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>The primary objective was to compare the clinical outcomes of patients newly initiated on dupilumab who were reviewed by the PEC versus those reviewed by a dermatologist. Secondary objectives included evaluating patient satisfaction and cost savings in consultation fees.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A retrospective chart review was conducted at a single site (National Skin Centre, Singapore) for patients initiated on dupilumab between September 1, 2018, and January 4, 2023. The clinical outcomes and consultation fees of patients reviewed by the PEC were compared with those reviewed by dermatologists.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 72 patients were included, with 36 patients in each group. Both groups demonstrated comparable mean improvements in the Scoring Atopic Dermatitis (SCORAD) score (dermatologist, 19.54; PEC, 26.27; <em>p</em> = 0.43) and body surface area involvement (dermatologist, 12.9; PEC, 13.2; <em>p</em> = 0.67). The proportions of patients with improvement in SCORAD (dermatologist, 90.0%; PEC, 100.0%; <em>p</em> = 1.00) and body surface area (dermatologist, 77.8%; PEC, 76.5%; <em>p</em> = 1.00) were similar in both groups. The total numbers of medication therapy problems addressed (dermatologist, 10; PEC, 18; <em>p</em> = 0.09) and unplanned returns (dermatologist, 1; PEC, 0; <em>p</em> = 1.00) were comparable between the groups. Among the 23 PEC respondents, 96.5% rated overall care as very good or excellent. The PEC patients had a relative cost saving of 42.8% in consultation fees compared with those reviewed by dermatologists.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>A PEC-led review can provide clinical outcomes comparable to those of a dermatologist-led review in the short term for patients initiated on dupilumab, with high patient satisfaction and reduced consultation fees.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100737,"journal":{"name":"JAPhA Practice Innovations","volume":"3 4","pages":"Article 100126"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149252164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Blood pressure reduction in glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist users in a family medicine clinic","authors":"Julia Mesawich,&nbsp;Tiffaney Threatt,&nbsp;David Mercer","doi":"10.1016/j.japhpi.2025.100083","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.japhpi.2025.100083","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Hypertension remains increasingly prevalent, affecting an estimated 45.4% of adults in the United States (Ostchega et al., 2017-2018; National Center for Health Statistics, 2020). It is a common comorbidity in individuals with both type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and obesity. Incretin-based therapies, including glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs), are an effective treatment for T2DM and obesity. Although some meta-analyses have shown that patients on GLP-1 RAs experience modest blood pressure lowering, there have not been any studies that look at this as a primary end point.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study aimed to determine the blood pressure–lowering effect of GLP-1 RAs on systolic and diastolic blood pressure in adults within 1 year of initiation.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study was single center, observational, and retrospective. Patients were identified for inclusion if they were prescribed a GLP-1 RA between December 1, 2020, and June 1, 2021. GLP-1 RA use was defined as at least 2 prescriptions for the same GLP-1 RA, authorized on different dates. Clinic-measured blood pressures from baseline to 1 year after the initiation of GLP-1 RA therapy were collected.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 77 participants were evaluated for change in blood pressure from baseline to 1 year after GLP-1 RA initiation. Most participants were prescribed semaglutide injection (33.77%) or dulaglutide injection (36.36%). For the primary outcome, there was a statistically significant change in systolic blood pressure from baseline to 1 year after initiation of GLP-1 RA therapy. There was no statistically significant change in diastolic blood pressure.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>From baseline to 1 year, GLP-1 receptor agonists lowered blood pressure with statistical significance. Therefore, in someone with hypertension and another compelling indication, GLP-1 RAs may be a good option for comprehensive management of comorbidities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100737,"journal":{"name":"JAPhA Practice Innovations","volume":"3 3","pages":"Article 100083"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148661372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating time to complete refill requests in primary care clinics with and without embedded pharmacists","authors":"Haylee Moser,&nbsp;Cheryl Maslouski,&nbsp;Addie Brown,&nbsp;Anna Gehres,&nbsp;Vedat Yildiz,&nbsp;Sonya Sebastian","doi":"10.1016/j.japhpi.2025.100085","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.japhpi.2025.100085","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>In March 2022, Nationwide Children’s Hospital’s primary care clinic–embedded pharmacists became credentialed and privileged, allowing them to refill medications independently.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>The primary aim of this study is to evaluate and compare the time taken to complete medication refill requests between the primary care network (PCN) clinics with and without clinic-embedded pharmacists. Secondary objectives include comparing the time to authorize refill requests before and after pharmacist credentialing and quantifying refill requests addressed by pharmacists.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A retrospective review was conducted using an electronic health record data report for refill requests completed within the PCN from January 2020 to December 2024. This network comprises 14 clinics caring for children from birth to 21 years, one of which also cares for adults. Three clinics have a clinic-embedded pharmacist. The data report included patient age, clinic location, medication class, ordering provider credentials, and time to complete refill authorization requests. Requests for controlled medications and patients aged 21 years and older were excluded. Descriptive statistics and a generalized linear model were conducted for data analysis using SAS 9.4 (Cary, NC; 2016).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>From January 2020 to December 2024, clinics completed 38,057 refill requests. Clinics with a pharmacist completed requests in an average of 2.39 hours, and clinics without a pharmacist averaged 2.72 hours (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.0001). The difference in time to complete a request between clinics with and without a pharmacist during precredentialing years was 0.04 hours (2.27 vs. 2.31 hours) and 0.52 hours (2.47 vs. 2.99 hours) for postcredentialing years (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.0001). During the postcredentialing period, pharmacists fulfilled 2.9% of requests. On average, pharmacists authorized a request in 1.78 hours compared with other prescribers who averaged 2.88 hours (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.0001).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Primary care clinics with an embedded credentialed and privileged pharmacist took significantly less time to complete refill requests than clinics without a pharmacist.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100737,"journal":{"name":"JAPhA Practice Innovations","volume":"3 3","pages":"Article 100085"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148661374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of a pharmacist transitions of care team on medication reconciliation accuracy and readmission rates","authors":"Sonika Tahiliani,&nbsp;Emma Hevia,&nbsp;Leslie Wooten","doi":"10.1016/j.japhpi.2025.100089","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.japhpi.2025.100089","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Transitions of care (TOC) pharmacists play crucial roles in ensuring medication safety and preventing adverse events when patients move from one health care setting to another. By thoroughly reviewing discharge medication reconciliations (DMRs), pharmacists can identify and resolve discrepancies such as incorrect doses, duplicate therapies, or omissions. In January 2024, AdventHealth Orlando began a hospital-wide interdisciplinary initiative to reduce readmission rates including the implementation of a TOC pharmacist team.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study aimed to assess the impact of the newly implemented TOC team on the accuracy of DMRs and the subsequent rate of readmissions.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In this retrospective, single-center cohort study, we assessed the accuracy of DMRs before and after TOC pharmacist team implementation. The study was divided into 2 cohorts: pre-TOC team from April to July 2023 and post-TOC team from April to July 2024. Patients were included if they were 65 years of age or older and had Medicare as primary or secondary insurance coverage, with a discharge disposition of home or home with home-health services. The primary outcome assessed the impact of the TOC team on the accuracy of DMRs. Secondary outcomes included medication histories collected, pharmacist review of admission medication reconciliation (AMR), and the subsequent rate of readmissions.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 1500 patients were assessed with 750 patients in each cohort. In the post-TOC team cohort, 94.7% of patients had accurate and complete DMRs compared with 49.2% in the pre-TOC team cohort (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001). Medication histories were collected by the pharmacy team in 98.4% of admissions post-TOC team vs 91.7% pre-TOC team (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001). In addition, 63.1% of AMRs were reviewed by pharmacists post-TOC team vs 36.9% pre-TOC team (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001). Post-TOC team 30-day readmissions were 17.9% vs 18.1% pre-TOC team (<em>P</em> = 0.893).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Implementation of a pharmacist-led TOC team led to statistically significant improvement in accurate and complete DMRs but there were no differences in 30-day readmission rates.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100737,"journal":{"name":"JAPhA Practice Innovations","volume":"3 3","pages":"Article 100089"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148661376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the impact of a pharmacist-run gout clinic in a VA community–based outpatient clinic","authors":"Francesca Reilly,&nbsp;Hunter Clark,&nbsp;Aleia Judd,&nbsp;Ashleigh Powers","doi":"10.1016/j.japhpi.2026.100098","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.japhpi.2026.100098","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Gout is a painful inflammatory disease common among men, older adults, and the obese. At the VA Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, 2792 patients prescribed urate-lowering therapy (ULT) had serum urate levels above target. In 2023, a pharmacist-run gout clinic was established to improve clinical outcomes and reduce gout burden among veterans. This biweekly clinic, run by a PGY-2 ambulatory care pharmacy resident, focused on assessing risks, managing treatments, and achieving serum uric acid (UA) levels.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study aimed to evaluate the impact of a pharmacist-led gout clinic within a VA community–based outpatient clinic compared with standard primary care.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This retrospective matched cohort study compared outcomes from October 6, 2023, to May 17, 2024, between veterans managed in the pharmacist-led gout clinic (intervention group, n = 30) and those receiving standard primary care (control group, n = 30). Veterans managed by rheumatology or those lost to follow-up were excluded. The primary outcome was the percentage of veterans achieving the target serum UA level of less than 6 mg/dL. Secondary outcomes included emergency department (ED) visits or hospitalizations owing to gout flares, UA changes, therapy adjustments, and nonpharmacologic interventions.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Sixty veterans were included, 30 in each group. Sixty percent of the intervention group achieved the primary outcome versus 10% in the control group (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.0001). The intervention group sustained UA control, greater reductions in UA, and more dose adjustments of ULT. All veterans seen by the pharmacist received nonpharmacologic interventions compared with 73.3% of those in the control group. Appropriate allopurinol dosing based on renal function was higher in the intervention group (100% vs. 86.7%). ED visits for acute gout flares were slightly higher in the intervention group (10% vs. 3.3%).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The pharmacist-run gout clinic significantly improved serum UA control and management interventions among veterans. These findings support expanding pharmacists’ roles in chronic disease management to enhance patient care.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100737,"journal":{"name":"JAPhA Practice Innovations","volume":"3 3","pages":"Article 100098"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148661408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of pharmacist immunization authority on infant respiratory syncytial virus immunoprophylaxis rates","authors":"CharLeigh Steverson,&nbsp;Amin Saiar,&nbsp;Robert Daniels,&nbsp;Elizabeth LaNou","doi":"10.1016/j.japhpi.2026.100091","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.japhpi.2026.100091","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a common respiratory infection in infants that can result in serious complications and hospitalization. In July 2023, the Food and Drug Administration approved nirsevimab for RSV prevention in infants, and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) began tracking coverage rates through the RSV vaccination dashboard. Although pharmacists have been shown to improve vaccination rates in adults and children, the impact of pharmacist immunization authority (PIA) on infant RSV immunoprophylaxis rates has not been studied.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study aimed to assess the impact of PIA on nirsevimab immunoprophylaxis rates in infants aged 0-7 months across U.S. jurisdictions during the 2024-2025 RSV season.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Publicly available data from the CDC RSV vaccination dashboard were analyzed to compare nirsevimab prophylaxis rates among infants across 28 jurisdictions from September 2024 to January 2025, categorized by PIA (independent, dependent, or none). Statistical analyses, including analysis of variance, post hoc <em>t</em> tests, and a Pearson chi-square test, were used to assess the relationship between PIA and immunoprophylaxis rates.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of the 28 jurisdictions included in the study, 9 had independent PIA, 8 had dependent authority, and 11 had no authority. The mean rate across all jurisdictions was 35% (SD 7%), with notable variability within each category of PIA. Statistical analyses showed no statistically significant difference in immunoprophylaxis rates by PIA category.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Although this study did not identify a statistically significant relationship between PIA and infant RSV immunoprophylaxis rates, jurisdictions requiring a patient-specific prescription had lower uptake than those with independent or no authority. This suggests that additional prescribing steps may limit timely access and highlights the need for strong pharmacist–physician collaboration. Although pharmacists did not shift rates during this early period, their involvement expands access points and may support improved uptake as implementation and authority become more consistent.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100737,"journal":{"name":"JAPhA Practice Innovations","volume":"3 3","pages":"Article 100091"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148661217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing COPD outcomes: RPM, pulse oximetry, and direct billable clinical services","authors":"Rachel Carter,&nbsp;Blair Lykins,&nbsp;Ryan Cooper,&nbsp;Abigail Leonhard,&nbsp;Clark Kebodeaux","doi":"10.1016/j.japhpi.2026.100104","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.japhpi.2026.100104","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is currently 1 of the top 3 causes of death worldwide. A decrease in peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO₂) can be a strong indicator of a COPD exacerbation. Pharmacists are well positioned to monitor SpO₂ trends and changes in baseline symptoms and provide counseling on proper inhaler technique to prevent exacerbations, especially in the outpatient setting.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This pilot study aimed to (1) determine the exacerbation rate of COPD after enrollment in a pharmacist-led remote patient monitoring (RPM) program that used a Bluetooth pulse oximeter to measure SpO₂ and (2) assess the impact of pharmacist-led RPM for COPD on adherence with maintenance inhaler therapy, smoking cessation, immunization uptake, and patient satisfaction.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Patients completed a pre- and postintervention survey at the beginning and end of the 90-day study period. While enrolled, patients were contacted on a weekly basis to discuss SpO₂ readings, changes in baseline COPD symptoms, inhaler adherence and technique, upcoming appointments, vaccine eligibility, and smoking cessation when applicable. If SpO₂ was less than or equal to 92%, an effort was made to reach the patient immediately.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 14 patients were enrolled, and 13 completed the pre- and postintervention survey. The median difference in average SpO₂ change over 90 days was an increase of 0.10%. Overall, 7 patients demonstrated promising trends in average SpO₂. Uptake of the influenza; tetanus, diphtheria, and pertussis; respiratory syncytial virus; and pneumococcal vaccines increased during the study period. There was also an increase in patient-reported satisfaction with COPD education and treatment.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Enrollment in a pharmacist-led RPM program for COPD suggests an improvement in average SpO₂, adherence with guideline-recommended therapy, immunization uptake, and patient satisfaction.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100737,"journal":{"name":"JAPhA Practice Innovations","volume":"3 3","pages":"Article 100104"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148661388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pharmacists’ perceptions of artificial intelligence in specialty, outpatient, and inpatient pharmacy practice in New York state","authors":"Kevin Abraham,&nbsp;Carissa Escober Doran,&nbsp;Sara D’Anna,&nbsp;Daniela Farzadfar,&nbsp;Nina Chhabra,&nbsp;Norberto Collado,&nbsp;Christina Sam","doi":"10.1016/j.japhpi.2026.100114","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.japhpi.2026.100114","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Artificial intelligence (AI) tools, including large language models such as ChatGPT, Gemini, and Claude, are increasingly explored in health care. Although AI may enhance efficiency and accuracy, there are concerns regarding reliability, privacy, and liability. Limited data exist on pharmacists’ perceptions of AI in specialty and inpatient settings within large U.S. health systems.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study aimed to assess pharmacist familiarity, use, and perceptions of AI tools across VIVOHealth Pharmacies and Northwell Health inpatient hospital pharmacies and evaluate perceived benefits, concerns, and overall willingness to adopt.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A cross-sectional, electronic survey was distributed to pharmacists and pharmacy residents between August and September 2025. The 13-item survey collected demographics, familiarity, usage, benefits, concerns, trust, and willingness to adopt. Responses were summarized descriptively overall and stratified by gender and age.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 122 pharmacists and residents responded, representing specialty, outpatient, and inpatient settings across clinical, nonclinical, and administrator roles. Most respondents reported at least moderate familiarity with AI (61%), although use was concentrated in nonclinical tasks such as proofreading (50%) and literature summarization (44%), 3% used AI for clinical decision support, and 27% reported no use. Nearly half agreed that AI could improve accuracy, but concerns included information accuracy (82%), lack of human judgment (79%), and privacy risks (61%). Trust was limited, with most reporting somewhat or neutral trust. Although 89% supported AI education, 77% expressed willingness to adopt AI if institutionally validated. Gender and age differences were observed, with males and midcareer pharmacists reporting higher familiarity.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Pharmacists in specialty and inpatient settings expressed cautious optimism toward AI, recognizing potential benefits, while citing major concerns about accuracy, privacy, and judgment. These findings underscore the need for structured education, clear governance, and phased implementation strategies to ensure safe adoption of AI in pharmacy practice.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100737,"journal":{"name":"JAPhA Practice Innovations","volume":"3 3","pages":"Article 100114"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148661407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating patient willingness for influenza testing and treatment: A comparison between community-based pharmacy setting and alternative health care settings","authors":"Raney Ward,&nbsp;Sharon S. Gatewood,&nbsp;Tana N. Kaefer,&nbsp;Pramit Nadpara,&nbsp;Jean-Venable R. Goode","doi":"10.1016/j.japhpi.2026.100094","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.japhpi.2026.100094","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>In Virginia, pharmacists are authorized to test and treat for influenza, group A streptococcus, coronavirus disease 2019, and urinary tract infections per statewide protocols.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study aimed to assess patients’ willingness to receive influenza test and treat services in a community-based pharmacy setting versus other health care settings, evaluate patients’ willingness to pay, identify barriers preventing use, and understand which patient demographic is best to target for marketing strategies.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A 6-month prospective convenience sample-based study was conducted using a 49-question needs assessment survey, distributed via quick response code or text link at an independent pharmacy and 3 off-site influenza vaccine clinics. The survey assessed patient perceptions of health care settings, health care access, payment preferences, and demographics. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 26. Descriptive statistics were reported, and Wilcoxon signed-rank tests were used to assess differences in patients’ likelihood of using community-based pharmacy test and treat services compared with alternative health care settings.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>More than 300 surveys were offered, and 25 surveys were completed. Most patients were female (76%), were Caucasian (88%), were aged 31-50 years (40%), held a graduate degree (48%), and were employed full time (56%). A statistically significant difference was observed in patients’ willingness to receive influenza test and treat services at community-based pharmacies compared with at hospitals, specialist offices, nurse practitioner–led clinics, or free clinics. Convenience was the most cited reason for choosing both pharmacies and other health care settings, followed by cost, trust, and wait times; perceived quality and urgency also influenced care decisions. A lack of awareness was the most noted barrier, followed by distance, limited weekend hours, and preference for primary providers; 96% of patients were willing to use insurance and preferred out-of-pocket costs from $0 to $25. Those most likely to use pharmacist-led test services were aged 31-50 years, retired or full-time employed, Caucasian, and female and held graduate degrees.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>There is strong patient willingness to use test and treat services in community-based pharmacies; however, a lack of awareness needs to be addressed to increase patient engagement.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100737,"journal":{"name":"JAPhA Practice Innovations","volume":"3 3","pages":"Article 100094"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148661457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of discharges and graduations for a diverse patient population with socioeconomic barriers from a pharmacist-managed diabetes program","authors":"Katherine Houlihan,&nbsp;Jillian Cerullo,&nbsp;Megan Scalia,&nbsp;Darlene Tat","doi":"10.1016/j.japhpi.2026.100092","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.japhpi.2026.100092","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Collaborative practice agreements allow pharmacists to support multidisciplinary diabetes care and alleviate demands on primary care providers. More could be learned evaluating the percent hemoglobin A1c (A1C) reduction from enrollment to discharge and the percentage of patients who maintain A1C goal when next recorded in the electronic health record (EHR).</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>The primary objective was to evaluate the percentage of patients who reached individualized A1C goals or “graduated” from the program. Secondary objectives included the percentage of patients who did not graduate, change in A1C, glucose-lowering medications at initial and final visits, maintenance of A1C goal after program completion, and the impact of language, ethnicity, race, and insurance type on graduation rates.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A retrospective chart review of 86 adults discharged from the pharmacist-managed diabetes program between January 1, 2023, and January 1, 2024, was conducted. Data collected included A1C at initial encounter, discharge, and follow-up; medications; demographics; and discharge reasons. Data were evaluated using descriptive statistics and logistic regression.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of 86 patients, 51 patients (64.6%) achieved individualized A1C goals within 500 days and graduated, whereas 17 (21.5%) were discharged for 3 or more no-shows. Of those who graduated, 66% maintained A1C goal when next recorded in the EHR. Mean A1C change was −2.68% for graduates and −0.47% in discharged patients. Pharmacist-managed care increased the use of glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists and sodium-glucose transport protein 2 inhibitors. Graduation rates were lower among Spanish-speaking, Hispanic or Latino, and uninsured patients.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Pharmacist-managed diabetes care improved achievement and maintenance of A1C goals. Additional resources are needed to address socioeconomic and language barriers to program graduation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100737,"journal":{"name":"JAPhA Practice Innovations","volume":"3 3","pages":"Article 100092"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148661498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}