Pub Date : 2026-04-01Epub Date: 2026-01-23DOI: 10.1016/j.mib.2026.102708
Sara Vujakovic , Matthias Kretschmer , James W Kronstad
Fungal pathogens cause devastating diseases in staple crops and pose a tremendous threat to food security. Therefore, it is critical to understand the mechanisms of fungal attack and plant defense. Recent studies provide new insights into the role of nutrient manipulation for both plant and pathogen combatants. On the plant side, a defense signaling system has been discovered that provokes starvation during disease to limit access to carbohydrate by the head smut fungus Sporisorium reilianum. For pathogenic fungi, a novel class of effector proteins in the rice blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae and other fungi has Nudix hydrolase activity to provoke phosphate limitation in host plants. This novel effector strategy impairs plant immunity, thus favoring pathogen proliferation and disease. Intriguing new work also demonstrates that the phytohormones strigolactone and methyl jasmonate influence phosphate and carbon metabolism in fungi. As discussed in this review, these examples illustrate the importance of nutrients in determining disease outcomes and also provide insights to potentially support crop protection.
{"title":"Starvation as a weapon in fungal–plant warfare","authors":"Sara Vujakovic , Matthias Kretschmer , James W Kronstad","doi":"10.1016/j.mib.2026.102708","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mib.2026.102708","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fungal pathogens cause devastating diseases in staple crops and pose a tremendous threat to food security. Therefore, it is critical to understand the mechanisms of fungal attack and plant defense. Recent studies provide new insights into the role of nutrient manipulation for both plant and pathogen combatants. On the plant side, a defense signaling system has been discovered that provokes starvation during disease to limit access to carbohydrate by the head smut fungus <em>Sporisorium reilianum</em>. For pathogenic fungi, a novel class of effector proteins in the rice blast fungus <em>Magnaporthe oryzae</em> and other fungi has Nudix hydrolase activity to provoke phosphate limitation in host plants. This novel effector strategy impairs plant immunity, thus favoring pathogen proliferation and disease. Intriguing new work also demonstrates that the phytohormones strigolactone and methyl jasmonate influence phosphate and carbon metabolism in fungi. As discussed in this review, these examples illustrate the importance of nutrients in determining disease outcomes and also provide insights to potentially support crop protection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10921,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in microbiology","volume":"90 ","pages":"Article 102708"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146037227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Caves are unique among ecosystem types because of their physical structures and biological functions. Embedded in rocks, the geological setting defines the boundaries of caves and dictates how energy and matter move through them. General features of caves, compared to surface ecosystems, include absence of light, relatively stable temperature and humidity, and oligotrophic conditions. Despite these conditions, caves are highly diverse ecosystems whose environmental properties are shaped by geological, hydrological, and climatic factors. Cave microbiomes metabolize atmospheric trace gases, such as methane, nitrous oxide, and carbon dioxide, contributing to greenhouse gas (GHG) cycling dynamics. In some cases, these microbes also form biominerals, such as calcium carbonate, highlighting critical gaps in our understanding of subterranean biogeochemical processes. Some of these gaps include the limited genomic data and geographic bias in the literature. Herein, we review the current state of knowledge surrounding the potential of cave microorganisms, including those capable of biomineralizing calcium carbonate, as agents for sustainable GHG sequestration and climate change mitigation, with emerging strategies for developing novel sustainable biotechnological solutions. By revealing the hidden microbial activity beneath the Earth’s surface, this review proposes integrating subterranean ecosystems into global climate models, reframing caves as metabolically and functionally active contributors to the planet’s climate system rather than isolated geological features.
{"title":"Cave microorganisms: hidden players in global greenhouse gas cycling and climate regulation","authors":"Tamara Martin-Pozas , Soledad Cuezva , Angel Fernandez-Cortes , Janez Mulec , Marcela Hernández","doi":"10.1016/j.mib.2026.102707","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mib.2026.102707","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Caves are unique among ecosystem types because of their physical structures and biological functions. Embedded in rocks, the geological setting defines the boundaries of caves and dictates how energy and matter move through them. General features of caves, compared to surface ecosystems, include absence of light, relatively stable temperature and humidity, and oligotrophic conditions. Despite these conditions, caves are highly diverse ecosystems whose environmental properties are shaped by geological, hydrological, and climatic factors. Cave microbiomes metabolize atmospheric trace gases, such as methane, nitrous oxide, and carbon dioxide, contributing to greenhouse gas (GHG) cycling dynamics. In some cases, these microbes also form biominerals, such as calcium carbonate, highlighting critical gaps in our understanding of subterranean biogeochemical processes. Some of these gaps include the limited genomic data and geographic bias in the literature. Herein, we review the current state of knowledge surrounding the potential of cave microorganisms, including those capable of biomineralizing calcium carbonate, as agents for sustainable GHG sequestration and climate change mitigation, with emerging strategies for developing novel sustainable biotechnological solutions. By revealing the hidden microbial activity beneath the Earth’s surface, this review proposes integrating subterranean ecosystems into global climate models, reframing caves as metabolically and functionally active contributors to the planet’s climate system rather than isolated geological features.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10921,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in microbiology","volume":"90 ","pages":"Article 102707"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146076026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-01Epub Date: 2026-01-03DOI: 10.1016/j.mib.2025.102701
Robert C Brewster, Vinuselvi Parisutham
Designing regulatable promoters with specified functional output remains difficult because natural promoters are unlikely to match a particular specification, and the sequence design space is large, complex, and challenging to interpret. This review advances a context-minimized, measurement-first approach in Escherichia coli that couples simple assays to a single transcription factor (TF)-based thermodynamic framework. The model is structured around two key concepts related to the TF: occupancy and function. Here, we outline how these concepts can be manipulated and measured at the level of DNA sequence and how those perturbations can impact fold-change and thus features of the promoter, such as dynamic range, leakiness, and sensitivity. LacI serves as a worked example in which sequence–occupancy, copy number, and competition, position-dependent function, and inducer allostery have been measured and can be combined to optimize response features. Overall, simple measurements linked to interpretable models provide a practical route to compiling desired regulatory specifications into sequence-level designs.
{"title":"Model-guided design of regulatable promoters for synthetic biology","authors":"Robert C Brewster, Vinuselvi Parisutham","doi":"10.1016/j.mib.2025.102701","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mib.2025.102701","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Designing regulatable promoters with specified functional output remains difficult because natural promoters are unlikely to match a particular specification, and the sequence design space is large, complex, and challenging to interpret. This review advances a context-minimized, measurement-first approach in <em>Escherichia coli</em> that couples simple assays to a single transcription factor (TF)-based thermodynamic framework. The model is structured around two key concepts related to the TF: occupancy and function. Here, we outline how these concepts can be manipulated and measured at the level of DNA sequence and how those perturbations can impact fold-change and thus features of the promoter, such as dynamic range, leakiness, and sensitivity. LacI serves as a worked example in which sequence–occupancy, copy number, and competition, position-dependent function, and inducer allostery have been measured and can be combined to optimize response features. Overall, simple measurements linked to interpretable models provide a practical route to compiling desired regulatory specifications into sequence-level designs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10921,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in microbiology","volume":"89 ","pages":"Article 102701"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145898808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-01Epub Date: 2026-01-19DOI: 10.1016/j.mib.2025.102705
Vlad S Băţăgui , Antoine Delhaye , Sibylle C Vonesch
Microbes are powerful systems for exploring and engineering biology. Their compact genomes, rapid generation times, and experimental tractability enable quantitative analyses that shed light on both conserved cellular mechanisms and traits of medical or industrial relevance. Building on this foundation, systematic perturbation has become central to microbial systems biology. Genome-scale knockout and CRISPRi/a libraries have mapped gene function and network architecture, yet these approaches largely operate at the level of gene presence or absence, leaving the effects of precise sequence variants unexplored. Recent and emerging precision-perturbation strategies now reveal biological principles inaccessible to gene-level perturbations, from detailed sequence–function maps of proteins to the impact of natural and engineered variation across pathways. In this review, we highlight recent advances that have made systematic interrogation of thousands of variants — within single loci and across entire genomes — increasingly comprehensive and efficient. We will discuss how these technical leaps reveal systems-level principles of genome function and provide outlooks on how they could be complemented by diverse phenotypic readouts and perturbations in combinatorial space. Taken together, empowering precision engineering approaches will further advance our understanding of biological function, while accelerating progress in biotechnology and synthetic biology.
{"title":"From edits to insights: precision microbial engineering for systems biology","authors":"Vlad S Băţăgui , Antoine Delhaye , Sibylle C Vonesch","doi":"10.1016/j.mib.2025.102705","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mib.2025.102705","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Microbes are powerful systems for exploring and engineering biology. Their compact genomes, rapid generation times, and experimental tractability enable quantitative analyses that shed light on both conserved cellular mechanisms and traits of medical or industrial relevance. Building on this foundation, systematic perturbation has become central to microbial systems biology. Genome-scale knockout and CRISPRi/a libraries have mapped gene function and network architecture, yet these approaches largely operate at the level of gene presence or absence, leaving the effects of precise sequence variants unexplored. Recent and emerging precision-perturbation strategies now reveal biological principles inaccessible to gene-level perturbations, from detailed sequence–function maps of proteins to the impact of natural and engineered variation across pathways. In this review, we highlight recent advances that have made systematic interrogation of thousands of variants — within single loci and across entire genomes — increasingly comprehensive and efficient. We will discuss how these technical leaps reveal systems-level principles of genome function and provide outlooks on how they could be complemented by diverse phenotypic readouts and perturbations in combinatorial space. Taken together, empowering precision engineering approaches will further advance our understanding of biological function, while accelerating progress in biotechnology and synthetic biology.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10921,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in microbiology","volume":"89 ","pages":"Article 102705"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146009202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-01Epub Date: 2025-12-13DOI: 10.1016/j.mib.2025.102685
Avery M Brewer , Dalton R George , Emma K Frow
In this review, we identify emerging trends in the governance and policy landscape surrounding the real-world deployment of genetically engineered microbes (GEMs), focusing on the United States and Europe. A recent wave of commercialized GEMs in the US suggests that interest in developing GEMs for open release might be on the rise, after a 40-year period of very low commercial activity. GEMs are receiving renewed attention for their potential roles in agriculture, sustainable manufacturing, biosensing, environmental restoration, energy production, and human health. Advances in genetic modification technologies, combined with the growing number of possible open release applications for GEMs, stand to challenge existing governance frameworks in several ways. First, the feasibility of either strict product- or process-based regulatory frameworks for biotechnology is being increasingly tested. Second, the desirability of long-term persistence and ecological action of GEMs in some application contexts complicates the logic of typical risk assessments for deliberate release of genetically modified organisms. Synergistic, long-term, and indirect impacts of open release are challenging to reliably predict and call for risk assessment methods able to accommodate high levels of uncertainty or ignorance. Third, increasing variety in application types for GEMs is likely to yield new business models and routes to market. Approaches such as direct-to-consumer marketing raise challenging questions around stewardship, consent, transborder movement, and monitoring of GEMs. This constellation of issues will benefit from interdisciplinary research and stakeholder deliberation at local, national, and international levels to promote robust and adaptable GEM governance in the coming decades.
{"title":"Emerging governance considerations for the deployment of genetically engineered microbes","authors":"Avery M Brewer , Dalton R George , Emma K Frow","doi":"10.1016/j.mib.2025.102685","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mib.2025.102685","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this review, we identify emerging trends in the governance and policy landscape surrounding the real-world deployment of genetically engineered microbes (GEMs), focusing on the United States and Europe. A recent wave of commercialized GEMs in the US suggests that interest in developing GEMs for open release might be on the rise, after a 40-year period of very low commercial activity. GEMs are receiving renewed attention for their potential roles in agriculture, sustainable manufacturing, biosensing, environmental restoration, energy production, and human health. Advances in genetic modification technologies, combined with the growing number of possible open release applications for GEMs, stand to challenge existing governance frameworks in several ways. First, the feasibility of either strict product- or process-based regulatory frameworks for biotechnology is being increasingly tested. Second, the desirability of long-term persistence and ecological action of GEMs in some application contexts complicates the logic of typical risk assessments for deliberate release of genetically modified organisms. Synergistic, long-term, and indirect impacts of open release are challenging to reliably predict and call for risk assessment methods able to accommodate high levels of uncertainty or ignorance. Third, increasing variety in application types for GEMs is likely to yield new business models and routes to market. Approaches such as direct-to-consumer marketing raise challenging questions around stewardship, consent, transborder movement, and monitoring of GEMs. This constellation of issues will benefit from interdisciplinary research and stakeholder deliberation at local, national, and international levels to promote robust and adaptable GEM governance in the coming decades.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10921,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in microbiology","volume":"89 ","pages":"Article 102685"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145733933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-01Epub Date: 2026-01-14DOI: 10.1016/j.mib.2025.102703
Zoë Reynolds, Sumiti Vinayak
The intestinal protozoan parasite, Cryptosporidium, is a leading cause of diarrhea-associated illness and death in young children, immunocompromised individuals, and neonatal ruminant animals. This apicomplexan parasite completes its entire lifecycle within a single host, involving a timely and coordinated progression through asexual and sexual developmental stages. With no fully effective drugs or vaccines available, a deeper understanding of the parasite’s lifecycle stages is crucial for identifying new molecular targets for disease intervention. In this review, we discuss recent advances in understanding the Cryptosporidium developmental lifecycle, stage-specific gene expression, and the role of parasite proteins in invasion, asexual proliferation, and sexual stages. We also discuss the lifecycle stages targeted by a few highly effective anticryptosporidial compounds.
{"title":"Insights into the lifecycle of Cryptosporidium and compounds targeting developmental stages","authors":"Zoë Reynolds, Sumiti Vinayak","doi":"10.1016/j.mib.2025.102703","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mib.2025.102703","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The intestinal protozoan parasite, <em>Cryptosporidium</em>, is a leading cause of diarrhea-associated illness and death in young children, immunocompromised individuals, and neonatal ruminant animals. This apicomplexan parasite completes its entire lifecycle within a single host, involving a timely and coordinated progression through asexual and sexual developmental stages. With no fully effective drugs or vaccines available, a deeper understanding of the parasite’s lifecycle stages is crucial for identifying new molecular targets for disease intervention. In this review, we discuss recent advances in understanding the <em>Cryptosporidium</em> developmental lifecycle, stage-specific gene expression, and the role of parasite proteins in invasion, asexual proliferation, and sexual stages. We also discuss the lifecycle stages targeted by a few highly effective anticryptosporidial compounds.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10921,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in microbiology","volume":"89 ","pages":"Article 102703"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145973202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-01Epub Date: 2025-12-22DOI: 10.1016/j.mib.2025.102695
Shanna Bonanno , Neel S Joshi
The human gastrointestinal tract hosts a dense microbial community that closely interfaces with the mucosal immune system to preserve homeostasis. While dysregulation of this interaction contributes to certain disease states, through targeted microbial engineering, these interactions can be modulated for therapeutic benefit. Although engineered microbial therapeutics have shown encouraging preclinical results, few approaches have progressed into clinical pipelines. This gap highlights the need for engineered microbes with greater precision, reliability, and context-dependent control. The innate immune system is primed to rapidly sense microbial signals through pattern recognition receptors and provides accessible and tractable targets for such interventions. This review highlights four strategies that have used engineered probiotics to modulate innate immunity: (1) direct immune cell engagement through surface-display, (2) production of soluble immune effectors, (3) extracellular vesicles for delivery of immune modulators, and (4) environmentally responsive systems to enable spatial and temporal control over immune modulation. Bridging microbial engineering with mucosal immunology can enable engineered probiotics to function as dynamic, context-aware immunomodulators.
{"title":"Engineering microbes to modulate innate immune signaling: strategies for host–microbe interactions","authors":"Shanna Bonanno , Neel S Joshi","doi":"10.1016/j.mib.2025.102695","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mib.2025.102695","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The human gastrointestinal tract hosts a dense microbial community that closely interfaces with the mucosal immune system to preserve homeostasis. While dysregulation of this interaction contributes to certain disease states, through targeted microbial engineering, these interactions can be modulated for therapeutic benefit. Although engineered microbial therapeutics have shown encouraging preclinical results, few approaches have progressed into clinical pipelines. This gap highlights the need for engineered microbes with greater precision, reliability, and context-dependent control. The innate immune system is primed to rapidly sense microbial signals through pattern recognition receptors and provides accessible and tractable targets for such interventions. This review highlights four strategies that have used engineered probiotics to modulate innate immunity: (1) direct immune cell engagement through surface-display, (2) production of soluble immune effectors, (3) extracellular vesicles for delivery of immune modulators, and (4) environmentally responsive systems to enable spatial and temporal control over immune modulation. Bridging microbial engineering with mucosal immunology can enable engineered probiotics to function as dynamic, context-aware immunomodulators.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10921,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in microbiology","volume":"89 ","pages":"Article 102695"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145818490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-01Epub Date: 2026-01-09DOI: 10.1016/j.mib.2025.102702
Hellen Huang , Mary J Dunlop
Single-cell resolution studies have transformed our understanding of microbial systems, revealing substantial cell-to-cell heterogeneity and complex dynamic behaviors. This review describes recent advances in using optogenetics, where light-sensitive proteins control cellular processes, to investigate microbial behavior at the individual cell level. We discuss studies where optogenetic approaches have enabled high-resolution analysis of properties such as relative cell positioning, subcellular localization, morphology, and gene expression dynamics. In addition, we highlight emerging feedback and event-driven control methods that dynamically modulate cellular states using light signals. By leveraging light's unique capabilities for spatial and temporal manipulation, researchers can now probe cellular characteristics with unprecedented precision. We anticipate significant advances as researchers introduce more sophisticated dynamically patterned light signals for single-cell microbial research.
{"title":"Single-cell analysis and control of microbial systems using optogenetics","authors":"Hellen Huang , Mary J Dunlop","doi":"10.1016/j.mib.2025.102702","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mib.2025.102702","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Single-cell resolution studies have transformed our understanding of microbial systems, revealing substantial cell-to-cell heterogeneity and complex dynamic behaviors. This review describes recent advances in using optogenetics, where light-sensitive proteins control cellular processes, to investigate microbial behavior at the individual cell level. We discuss studies where optogenetic approaches have enabled high-resolution analysis of properties such as relative cell positioning, subcellular localization, morphology, and gene expression dynamics. In addition, we highlight emerging feedback and event-driven control methods that dynamically modulate cellular states using light signals. By leveraging light's unique capabilities for spatial and temporal manipulation, researchers can now probe cellular characteristics with unprecedented precision. We anticipate significant advances as researchers introduce more sophisticated dynamically patterned light signals for single-cell microbial research.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10921,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in microbiology","volume":"89 ","pages":"Article 102702"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145920860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-01Epub Date: 2025-12-11DOI: 10.1016/j.mib.2025.102684
Sophia A Adler , Grayson L Chadwick , Dipti D Nayak
{"title":"Corrigendum to “Assembly and maturation of methyl-coenzyme M reductase in methanogenic archaea” [Curr Opin Microbiol, 87 (2025) 102637]","authors":"Sophia A Adler , Grayson L Chadwick , Dipti D Nayak","doi":"10.1016/j.mib.2025.102684","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mib.2025.102684","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10921,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in microbiology","volume":"89 ","pages":"Article 102684"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145733934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-01Epub Date: 2025-11-25DOI: 10.1016/j.mib.2025.102682
Matthew M Morales , Katrina M Jackson , Bridget M Barker
Coccidioidomycosis (CM), commonly known as Valley fever, is a respiratory infection caused by the inhalation or implantation of infectious arthroconidia produced by the dimorphic human fungal pathogens Coccidioides immitis and Coccidioides posadasii from the environment. The current endemic range includes the southwestern region of the United States and parts of South and Central America. Infected individuals may experience a spectrum of symptoms from asymptomatic to severe respiratory symptoms. Importantly, the fungus can disseminate to other tissues to produce severe symptoms, and in some cases, death. Despite significant effort from Coccidioides researchers to develop effective vaccines against Valley fever, there is currently no human vaccine available. This review highlights the recent advances in understanding host immune response and addressing knowledge gaps in the field.
{"title":"Current perspectives of host-pathogen dynamics in coccidioidomycosis","authors":"Matthew M Morales , Katrina M Jackson , Bridget M Barker","doi":"10.1016/j.mib.2025.102682","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mib.2025.102682","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Coccidioidomycosis (CM), commonly known as Valley fever, is a respiratory infection caused by the inhalation or implantation of infectious arthroconidia produced by the dimorphic human fungal pathogens <em>Coccidioides immitis</em> and <em>Coccidioides posadasii</em> from the environment<em>.</em> The current endemic range includes the southwestern region of the United States and parts of South and Central America. Infected individuals may experience a spectrum of symptoms from asymptomatic to severe respiratory symptoms. Importantly, the fungus can disseminate to other tissues to produce severe symptoms, and in some cases, death. Despite significant effort from <em>Coccidioides</em> researchers to develop effective vaccines against Valley fever, there is currently no human vaccine available. This review highlights the recent advances in understanding host immune response and addressing knowledge gaps in the field.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10921,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in microbiology","volume":"89 ","pages":"Article 102682"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145594801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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