Background: Cricket feces is a potential high-quality soil amendment, but there is currently no established optimum rate for its application in paddy soils with varying moisture contents. This study therefore aimed to evaluate the effects of varied rates of cricket feces on soil properties, rice growth, and yield in paddy soils with differing moisture contents. Methods: Two study factors were evaluated: (i) the maximum water-holding capacity (WHCmax) and flooded soils, and (ii) cricket feces applied at rates of 0 (unamended), 3.125 (low), 6.25 (medium), and 12.5 (high) t/ha. Result: The total grain weight of rice in soil with WHCmax was 2.60, 4.33, 6.91, and 7.49 g/hill under the cricket feces from unamended to high rates, respectively, with no significant difference between the medium and high rates. Meanwhile, the total grain weight in flooded soil was 1.85, 4.02, 4.70, and 5.72 g/hill, respectively. Cricket feces increased the content of essential elements and decreased the acidity and toxicity of Al, Ca, and Na in the soil, thereby promoting rice growth and yield. The optimal application rates of cricket feces for rice in the WHCmax soil was determined to be the medium rate, while that in flooded soil was the high rate.
{"title":"Application Rates of Cricket Feces Influencing Soil Properties and Rice Yield in Soils of Different Moisture Contents","authors":"Somchai Butnan","doi":"10.18805/ijare.af-803","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/ijare.af-803","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Cricket feces is a potential high-quality soil amendment, but there is currently no established optimum rate for its application in paddy soils with varying moisture contents. This study therefore aimed to evaluate the effects of varied rates of cricket feces on soil properties, rice growth, and yield in paddy soils with differing moisture contents. Methods: Two study factors were evaluated: (i) the maximum water-holding capacity (WHCmax) and flooded soils, and (ii) cricket feces applied at rates of 0 (unamended), 3.125 (low), 6.25 (medium), and 12.5 (high) t/ha. Result: The total grain weight of rice in soil with WHCmax was 2.60, 4.33, 6.91, and 7.49 g/hill under the cricket feces from unamended to high rates, respectively, with no significant difference between the medium and high rates. Meanwhile, the total grain weight in flooded soil was 1.85, 4.02, 4.70, and 5.72 g/hill, respectively. Cricket feces increased the content of essential elements and decreased the acidity and toxicity of Al, Ca, and Na in the soil, thereby promoting rice growth and yield. The optimal application rates of cricket feces for rice in the WHCmax soil was determined to be the medium rate, while that in flooded soil was the high rate.","PeriodicalId":13398,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal Of Agricultural Research","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136235320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Baranidharan, D. Keisar Lourdusamy, P. Aruna, K. Rajamani, K. Chandrakumar, S. Karthikeyan, M. Mayil Vaganan
Background: Canna lily (Canna indica L.) is an edible herbaceous perennial plant in which flowers and rhizomes were commonly used as a food additive and its potentiality was not fully utilized in India. To stun these hindrances, morphological characterizations are needed to determine the genetic variability to improve flower quality and rhizome yield in canna lily. Methods: In the present research, a field experiment was conducted during 2022-2023 in Botanical Garden, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu. Twelve accessions were investigated by using a randomized block design with 3 replications. All the observations for 23 quantitative traits were carried out at 0.05 and 0.01 probability. Results: The wide range of genetic variability was observed, a high genetic coefficient of variation ranged from 8.49 to 75.62 % and a phenotypic coefficient of variation ranged from 8.83 to 76.50 % was observed in 20 traits except in time taken for first flowering, rhizome diameter, number of nodes per rhizome. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance as a percent of mean was observed for 21 traits except in time taken for flowering and number of nodes per rhizome. Character association analysis revealed that stem diameter and inflorescence length showed highly significant and positively correlated with flower yield and rhizome yield per plant. Path analysis specified that the number of leaves per clump had a very high and positive direct effect on fresh flower yield per plant.
{"title":"Estimation of Genetic Variability and Character Association Analysis of Underutilized Ornamental Canna Lily (Canna indica L.)","authors":"R. Baranidharan, D. Keisar Lourdusamy, P. Aruna, K. Rajamani, K. Chandrakumar, S. Karthikeyan, M. Mayil Vaganan","doi":"10.18805/ijare.a-6128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/ijare.a-6128","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Canna lily (Canna indica L.) is an edible herbaceous perennial plant in which flowers and rhizomes were commonly used as a food additive and its potentiality was not fully utilized in India. To stun these hindrances, morphological characterizations are needed to determine the genetic variability to improve flower quality and rhizome yield in canna lily. Methods: In the present research, a field experiment was conducted during 2022-2023 in Botanical Garden, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu. Twelve accessions were investigated by using a randomized block design with 3 replications. All the observations for 23 quantitative traits were carried out at 0.05 and 0.01 probability. Results: The wide range of genetic variability was observed, a high genetic coefficient of variation ranged from 8.49 to 75.62 % and a phenotypic coefficient of variation ranged from 8.83 to 76.50 % was observed in 20 traits except in time taken for first flowering, rhizome diameter, number of nodes per rhizome. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance as a percent of mean was observed for 21 traits except in time taken for flowering and number of nodes per rhizome. Character association analysis revealed that stem diameter and inflorescence length showed highly significant and positively correlated with flower yield and rhizome yield per plant. Path analysis specified that the number of leaves per clump had a very high and positive direct effect on fresh flower yield per plant.","PeriodicalId":13398,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal Of Agricultural Research","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136236178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bolatito Adenike Shobo, Tunrayo T. Joseph-Adekunle, Moyosore T. Ogunleye, Adeyinka Oye Akintunde, Osagie John Afodu, Goke J. Bodunde
Background: Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill) is a staple fruit vegetable, one of the most important vegetables worldwide. There is high demand for tomato planting materials (seeds) in Nigeria. Methods: Experiment was conducted at the Directorate of University Farms, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta (FUNAAB), Nigeria (7°, 25'N, 3°25'E, 100 m above sea level) to examine growth, fruit characteristics as well as seed yield of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill), cultivar Roma vf in response to fertilizer treatments. Fertilizer types used were, NPK 15:15:15 (300 kg/ha), Poultry manure (10 t/ha), combination of N. P. K 15:15:15 (150 kg/ha) + Poultry manure (5 t/ha) and a control. Treatments were laid out in randomized complete block design with three replicates. Data were taken on number of leaves, plant height, leaf area, number of branches, number of flowers, number of fruits, fruit length, fruit width, fruit yield, unit fruit weight, number and weight of seeds per fruit. Fruit characteristics were correlated with seed yield to determine the relationship between them. Data were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) and means were separated with least significant difference (LSD 0.05). Result: Tomato fruits from plots that received a combination of N. P. K 15:15:15 (150 kg/ha) and Poultry manure had higher fruit yield (5 t/ha) and by inference higher number of seeds, compared with the control. Correlation of fruit weight with number of seeds showed that the higher the fruit weight, the higher the number of seeds per fruit. Fruit length had positive correlation with plant height and fruit diameter. Number of leaves determines fruit weight which invariably determines number and weight of seeds. High number of leaves resulted in low seed weight
{"title":"Growth, Fruit Characteristics and Seed Yield of Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill) in Response to Fertilizer Application","authors":"Bolatito Adenike Shobo, Tunrayo T. Joseph-Adekunle, Moyosore T. Ogunleye, Adeyinka Oye Akintunde, Osagie John Afodu, Goke J. Bodunde","doi":"10.18805/ijare.af-705","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/ijare.af-705","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill) is a staple fruit vegetable, one of the most important vegetables worldwide. There is high demand for tomato planting materials (seeds) in Nigeria. Methods: Experiment was conducted at the Directorate of University Farms, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta (FUNAAB), Nigeria (7°, 25'N, 3°25'E, 100 m above sea level) to examine growth, fruit characteristics as well as seed yield of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill), cultivar Roma vf in response to fertilizer treatments. Fertilizer types used were, NPK 15:15:15 (300 kg/ha), Poultry manure (10 t/ha), combination of N. P. K 15:15:15 (150 kg/ha) + Poultry manure (5 t/ha) and a control. Treatments were laid out in randomized complete block design with three replicates. Data were taken on number of leaves, plant height, leaf area, number of branches, number of flowers, number of fruits, fruit length, fruit width, fruit yield, unit fruit weight, number and weight of seeds per fruit. Fruit characteristics were correlated with seed yield to determine the relationship between them. Data were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) and means were separated with least significant difference (LSD 0.05). Result: Tomato fruits from plots that received a combination of N. P. K 15:15:15 (150 kg/ha) and Poultry manure had higher fruit yield (5 t/ha) and by inference higher number of seeds, compared with the control. Correlation of fruit weight with number of seeds showed that the higher the fruit weight, the higher the number of seeds per fruit. Fruit length had positive correlation with plant height and fruit diameter. Number of leaves determines fruit weight which invariably determines number and weight of seeds. High number of leaves resulted in low seed weight","PeriodicalId":13398,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal Of Agricultural Research","volume":"60 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135830980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: No study has been conducted on how to utilize or minimize the agro-waste produced from the jute seed crop of dryland farming in the areas of Bapatla, Palnadu, and Guntur districts of Andhra Pradesh state until now. This agro-waste is essentially a wasted natural fibre resource. This fibrous plant's processing waste is huge in terms of quantity. It is a mix of broken hurd, cut pieces of fibre, and crushed seedpods of a post-vegetative jute plant. It will be a great advantage to the farmer community if fibre is managed to be separated prior to seed extraction. This is only possible if the fibre source (the main stem) and the seed source (the branches) are separated. Based on this, the current study aimed to: (i) extract and test fibre for quality; and (ii) develop a novel method and an ergonomic machine to facilitate feasible fibre extraction without damaging seedpods. Methods: In the present study, fibre has been extracted in small qualities from post-vegetative phase jute plants and tested according to Bureau of Indian standards (IS 7032 (1986) and IS 271 (2003)) to assess the fibre quality. Engineering design approach has been followed to develop the novel machine for the separation of the source of the fibre and source of seeds. Results: Results showed that usable fibres for the textile industry could be extracted from post-vegetative jute plants, and that the separation of the sources of fibre and seed could be facilitated with the use of developed machinery and methodology.
{"title":"Studies on Betterutilization of Jute (Corchorus olitorius) Plants Harvested for Seeds in South India-Development of a Novelmethod and Machine: Part-I","authors":"Yasin Pathan, G.B. Veeresh Kumar","doi":"10.18805/ijare.a-6081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/ijare.a-6081","url":null,"abstract":"Background: No study has been conducted on how to utilize or minimize the agro-waste produced from the jute seed crop of dryland farming in the areas of Bapatla, Palnadu, and Guntur districts of Andhra Pradesh state until now. This agro-waste is essentially a wasted natural fibre resource. This fibrous plant's processing waste is huge in terms of quantity. It is a mix of broken hurd, cut pieces of fibre, and crushed seedpods of a post-vegetative jute plant. It will be a great advantage to the farmer community if fibre is managed to be separated prior to seed extraction. This is only possible if the fibre source (the main stem) and the seed source (the branches) are separated. Based on this, the current study aimed to: (i) extract and test fibre for quality; and (ii) develop a novel method and an ergonomic machine to facilitate feasible fibre extraction without damaging seedpods. Methods: In the present study, fibre has been extracted in small qualities from post-vegetative phase jute plants and tested according to Bureau of Indian standards (IS 7032 (1986) and IS 271 (2003)) to assess the fibre quality. Engineering design approach has been followed to develop the novel machine for the separation of the source of the fibre and source of seeds. Results: Results showed that usable fibres for the textile industry could be extracted from post-vegetative jute plants, and that the separation of the sources of fibre and seed could be facilitated with the use of developed machinery and methodology.","PeriodicalId":13398,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal Of Agricultural Research","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135982191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Olga Nikolskaya, Andrei Solonkin, Elena Seminchenko, Elena Kikteva
Background: Plum diploid is a new species for the conditions of the Volgograd region of Russia, not previously grown. There are a large number of varieties and rootstocks that need to be studied in relation to new growing conditions. Methods: The research was carried out in 2020-2022. Drought resistance and heat resistance were determined by laboratory method. To account for these indicators, the water content of the leaf, the water deficit and the water-holding capacity of the leaves were determined. Productivity and fruit quality were determined by the weight method. Statistical analysis in the standard Microsoft Excel 2013 software package. Result: The study of the productivity of variety-rootstock combinations has shown that it is significantly influenced by, in addition to varietal characteristics, external environmental factors, also the rootstock on which the variety is grafted. The rootstock affects the strength of growth, the time of entry into fruiting, the quality characteristics of fruits, which significantly affects productivity. The highest productivity was observed in the Sarmatka variety on the VVA-1 rootstock (21.5 kg/tree), the smallest was the Kuban Comet on the cherry plum rootstock (10 kg/tree).
{"title":"Selection of Cultivar-rootstock Combinations of Diploid Plum (Prunus rossica Erem.) for Arid Conditions in Southern Russia","authors":"Olga Nikolskaya, Andrei Solonkin, Elena Seminchenko, Elena Kikteva","doi":"10.18805/ijare.af-793","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/ijare.af-793","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Plum diploid is a new species for the conditions of the Volgograd region of Russia, not previously grown. There are a large number of varieties and rootstocks that need to be studied in relation to new growing conditions. Methods: The research was carried out in 2020-2022. Drought resistance and heat resistance were determined by laboratory method. To account for these indicators, the water content of the leaf, the water deficit and the water-holding capacity of the leaves were determined. Productivity and fruit quality were determined by the weight method. Statistical analysis in the standard Microsoft Excel 2013 software package. Result: The study of the productivity of variety-rootstock combinations has shown that it is significantly influenced by, in addition to varietal characteristics, external environmental factors, also the rootstock on which the variety is grafted. The rootstock affects the strength of growth, the time of entry into fruiting, the quality characteristics of fruits, which significantly affects productivity. The highest productivity was observed in the Sarmatka variety on the VVA-1 rootstock (21.5 kg/tree), the smallest was the Kuban Comet on the cherry plum rootstock (10 kg/tree).","PeriodicalId":13398,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal Of Agricultural Research","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135981180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rabiratna Dash, Kajol Das, Suchismita Tripathy, Narayan Panda, Ipsita Kar
Background: The presence of weeds in cowpea reduced the yield to the tune of 60-82% depending on the weed flora and density. The critical period of weed competition in cowpea was 20-25 DAS. Therefore it is essential to control weeds effectively to harness the maximum yield potential of the crop. To manage weeds in cowpea it is also important to determine the efficacy of pre and post-emergence herbicides. Sequential application of herbicides in a short duration crop not only increases the cost of production but also create cumbersome in its application. Therefore ready mix herbicides are now becoming popular among farming community. These new ready mix herbicides need to be tested for its bio-efficacy to manage weeds and its effect on crop productivity and symbiotic characters of cowpea. Therefore, a field experiment was carried out to evaluate the impact of herbicides on the productivity and profitability of summer cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.) at Agronomy Main Research Farm, Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar, Odisha (India) during summer season. Methods: The experiment was laid out at Agronomy Main Research Farm, Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar, Odisha (India) during the summer season of 2021 and2022 in a randomized block design (RBD) comprised of eight treatment with three replications. Standard procedures were followed for the observations and statistical analysis of the data. Result: The experimental results revealed that ready mix of pendimethalin+imazethapyr-750 g/ha significantly control the mixed flora of weeds which resulted significant increase in growth and yield. Ready mix application of pendimethalin + imazethapyr 750 g/ha registered the highest benefit to cost ratio.
{"title":"Effect of Herbicidal Weed Management on Productivity and Profitability of Summer Cowpea","authors":"Rabiratna Dash, Kajol Das, Suchismita Tripathy, Narayan Panda, Ipsita Kar","doi":"10.18805/ijare.a-6089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/ijare.a-6089","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The presence of weeds in cowpea reduced the yield to the tune of 60-82% depending on the weed flora and density. The critical period of weed competition in cowpea was 20-25 DAS. Therefore it is essential to control weeds effectively to harness the maximum yield potential of the crop. To manage weeds in cowpea it is also important to determine the efficacy of pre and post-emergence herbicides. Sequential application of herbicides in a short duration crop not only increases the cost of production but also create cumbersome in its application. Therefore ready mix herbicides are now becoming popular among farming community. These new ready mix herbicides need to be tested for its bio-efficacy to manage weeds and its effect on crop productivity and symbiotic characters of cowpea. Therefore, a field experiment was carried out to evaluate the impact of herbicides on the productivity and profitability of summer cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.) at Agronomy Main Research Farm, Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar, Odisha (India) during summer season. Methods: The experiment was laid out at Agronomy Main Research Farm, Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar, Odisha (India) during the summer season of 2021 and2022 in a randomized block design (RBD) comprised of eight treatment with three replications. Standard procedures were followed for the observations and statistical analysis of the data. Result: The experimental results revealed that ready mix of pendimethalin+imazethapyr-750 g/ha significantly control the mixed flora of weeds which resulted significant increase in growth and yield. Ready mix application of pendimethalin + imazethapyr 750 g/ha registered the highest benefit to cost ratio.","PeriodicalId":13398,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal Of Agricultural Research","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135980896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Vanathi, S. Sanbagavalli, E. Somasundaram, U. Sivakumar, S. Maragatham
Background: Millets rank sixth among cereal grains which has a great potential in contributing to food and nutritional security. Little millet (Panicum sumatrense L.), a minor millet, quick germinating, short duration crop tolerant to drought, excess moisture and also rich in nutrients. Use of improved varieties and good agronomic management such as tillage practices, crop rotation, cropping system and fertilization by nutrient management through organic manures and foliar supplementation during critical stages helps in improving the soil fertility and maximize the crop productivity. Hence, there is a need to develop the organic nutrient management of minor millets for food production, nutritional security and maintaining the soil fertility as well as productivity. Based on this consideration, a new immersing attempt was made to develop and identify the suitable tillage practices and nutrient management practices on growth and yield of little millet. Methods: Field experiments were conducted in the research farm of Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore during summer and rabi season 2022 in order to investigate the growth and yield performances of little millet under tillage and different nutrient sources. The experiment was laid out in strip plot design with 2 main plot and 7 sub-plot treatments. The main plot consist of tillage practices viz., conventional tillage and farmer’s practices whereas sub-plot consist of nutrient management practices includes organic manures along with foliar nutrition. Result: The results revealed that conventional tillage (Disc plough + Cultivator + Rotovator) with application of enriched vermicompost @ 1 t ha-1 followed by foliar spray of 3% panchagavya on 30th DAS and 5% of egg amino acid on 45th DAS had greater effect on growth parameters and yield attributes of little millet during summer and rabi season, 2022.
背景：小米在谷物中排名第六，在促进粮食和营养安全方面具有巨大潜力。小谷子（Panicum sumatrense L.）是一种矮小的小米，发芽快，耐干旱，水分过多，营养丰富。使用改良品种和良好的农艺管理，如耕作方法、轮作、种植制度和在关键阶段通过有机肥料和叶面补充进行营养管理的施肥，有助于提高土壤肥力，最大限度地提高作物生产力。因此，有必要发展小谷子的有机营养管理，以促进粮食生产、营养安全、保持土壤肥力和生产力。基于这一考虑，我们进行了一次新的浸渍尝试，以开发和确定适合小谷子生长和产量的耕作方法和营养管理实践。方法：在2022年夏季和拉比季节，在哥印拜陀泰米尔纳德邦农业大学的研究农场进行田间试验，以研究耕作和不同营养来源下小谷子的生长和产量表现。试验采用带状小区设计，2个主小区和7个小区处理。主地块包括耕作实践，即传统耕作和农民实践，而子地块包括营养管理实践，包括有机肥料和叶面营养。结果：常规耕作（圆盘犁+耕耘机+旋耕机）在2022年夏季和拉比季节，施用1 t ha-1的富集蚯蚓堆肥，然后在第30个DAS上叶面喷洒3%的潘恰加维亚和在第45个DAS上喷洒5%的鸡蛋氨基酸，对小谷子的生长参数和产量性状影响较大。
{"title":"Tillage and Nutrient Management Strategies to Improve the Performances of Little Millet under Irrigated Condition","authors":"J. Vanathi, S. Sanbagavalli, E. Somasundaram, U. Sivakumar, S. Maragatham","doi":"10.18805/ijare.a-6131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/ijare.a-6131","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Millets rank sixth among cereal grains which has a great potential in contributing to food and nutritional security. Little millet (Panicum sumatrense L.), a minor millet, quick germinating, short duration crop tolerant to drought, excess moisture and also rich in nutrients. Use of improved varieties and good agronomic management such as tillage practices, crop rotation, cropping system and fertilization by nutrient management through organic manures and foliar supplementation during critical stages helps in improving the soil fertility and maximize the crop productivity. Hence, there is a need to develop the organic nutrient management of minor millets for food production, nutritional security and maintaining the soil fertility as well as productivity. Based on this consideration, a new immersing attempt was made to develop and identify the suitable tillage practices and nutrient management practices on growth and yield of little millet. Methods: Field experiments were conducted in the research farm of Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore during summer and rabi season 2022 in order to investigate the growth and yield performances of little millet under tillage and different nutrient sources. The experiment was laid out in strip plot design with 2 main plot and 7 sub-plot treatments. The main plot consist of tillage practices viz., conventional tillage and farmer’s practices whereas sub-plot consist of nutrient management practices includes organic manures along with foliar nutrition. Result: The results revealed that conventional tillage (Disc plough + Cultivator + Rotovator) with application of enriched vermicompost @ 1 t ha-1 followed by foliar spray of 3% panchagavya on 30th DAS and 5% of egg amino acid on 45th DAS had greater effect on growth parameters and yield attributes of little millet during summer and rabi season, 2022.\u0000","PeriodicalId":13398,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal Of Agricultural Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46135822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. Venkataramanamma, K. Prabhakar, S. Neelima, Bana Venkata Ravi Prakash Reddy, D. Kalyani, Y. Srujana, K. Vardhan, P. A. Sri
Back ground: Alternariaster leaf blight caused by Alternariaster helianthi is an important disease on sunflower, caused yield losses upto 80%. It is seed and air borne. Management of this disease is very important to avoid yield losses, hence, this experiment was planned with available fungicides (combi products) in the market. Methods: A field experiment was carried out on management of Alternariaster leaf spot disease for three years i.e., kharif 2018, 2019 and 2020 at RARS, Nandyal under AICRP on Sunflower scheme. Seven treatments were imposed in three replications with different fungicides by using the hybrid KBSH-44 in RBD design. Result: Pooled analysis results indicated that among different treatments, the treatment T3: (Seed treatment with carbendazim 12% + mancozeb 63% wp @ 2g/kg seed followed by two foliar sprays with Trifloxystrobin 25%+ tebuconazole 50% (Nativo 75WG)@ 0.25g/l) has recorded low severity (PDI) of 37% with higher yield of 1382 kg/ha, which was followed by the treatment T1 (Seed treatment with carbendazim 12% + mancozeb 63% WP (SAAF 75 WP) @ 2g/kg seed followed by two foliar sprays with difenconazole 25% + propiconazole 25% (TASPA 500EC) @ 0.3 ml/l) has recorded disease severity (PDI) of 40.95% and yield of 1363 kg/ha, where as control recorded high PDI of 53.38% and lower yield of 1200 kg/ha. Regarding B:C ratio, the treatment T1 recorded high B:C ratio i.e., 1.65, followed by T4 and T3 recorded 1.59 and 1.57 respectively. Hence, it was concluded that above three treatments were recommended for disease management as they are on par with each other and recorded more B:C ratio than others.
{"title":"Management of Alternaria Leaf Spot using Available Fungicides (Combi Products) in Sunflower","authors":"K. Venkataramanamma, K. Prabhakar, S. Neelima, Bana Venkata Ravi Prakash Reddy, D. Kalyani, Y. Srujana, K. Vardhan, P. A. Sri","doi":"10.18805/ijare.a-6079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/ijare.a-6079","url":null,"abstract":"Back ground: Alternariaster leaf blight caused by Alternariaster helianthi is an important disease on sunflower, caused yield losses upto 80%. It is seed and air borne. Management of this disease is very important to avoid yield losses, hence, this experiment was planned with available fungicides (combi products) in the market. Methods: A field experiment was carried out on management of Alternariaster leaf spot disease for three years i.e., kharif 2018, 2019 and 2020 at RARS, Nandyal under AICRP on Sunflower scheme. Seven treatments were imposed in three replications with different fungicides by using the hybrid KBSH-44 in RBD design. Result: Pooled analysis results indicated that among different treatments, the treatment T3: (Seed treatment with carbendazim 12% + mancozeb 63% wp @ 2g/kg seed followed by two foliar sprays with Trifloxystrobin 25%+ tebuconazole 50% (Nativo 75WG)@ 0.25g/l) has recorded low severity (PDI) of 37% with higher yield of 1382 kg/ha, which was followed by the treatment T1 (Seed treatment with carbendazim 12% + mancozeb 63% WP (SAAF 75 WP) @ 2g/kg seed followed by two foliar sprays with difenconazole 25% + propiconazole 25% (TASPA 500EC) @ 0.3 ml/l) has recorded disease severity (PDI) of 40.95% and yield of 1363 kg/ha, where as control recorded high PDI of 53.38% and lower yield of 1200 kg/ha. Regarding B:C ratio, the treatment T1 recorded high B:C ratio i.e., 1.65, followed by T4 and T3 recorded 1.59 and 1.57 respectively. Hence, it was concluded that above three treatments were recommended for disease management as they are on par with each other and recorded more B:C ratio than others.\u0000","PeriodicalId":13398,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal Of Agricultural Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41781179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: The article presents the results of studies that allow us to calculate and predict the water consumption of cultivated vegetable crops depending on the moisture availability of the growing season. Hydrothermal indicators of the territory during the entire growing season have a significant impact on the irrigation regime and water consumption of cultivated crops. Methods: In the present study, the assessment of natural moisture during the growing season was determined by the hydrothermal coefficient (GTC) according to the criterion of T.G. Selyaninov. The irrigation rate was calculated according to the modified formula of A.N. Kostyakov. Biological productivity was taken into account by the method of meter sites in three-fold repetition. Result: The value of the irrigation norm varies depending on the intensity of atmospheric droughts when growing potatoes in the conditions of the dry-steppe zone of the Lower Volga region. To maintain a given pre-irrigation threshold of soil moisture, it is necessary to take into account the hydrothermal indicators of the territory during the entire growing season. The use of modern resource-saving irrigation methods, such as drip irrigation, makes it possible to ensure an uninterrupted supply of moisture to plants and, as a result, to obtain high-quality crop yields. Thus, in order to obtain high and stable yields of potatoes grown on drip irrigation, depending on the heat and moisture availability of the growing season, it took from 2,250 to 3,040 m3/ha of irrigation water.
{"title":"Influence of Hydrothermal Parameters on Potato Irrigation Regime","authors":"V. A. Vedeneeva, Y. Potashkina","doi":"10.18805/ijare.af-797","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/ijare.af-797","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The article presents the results of studies that allow us to calculate and predict the water consumption of cultivated vegetable crops depending on the moisture availability of the growing season. Hydrothermal indicators of the territory during the entire growing season have a significant impact on the irrigation regime and water consumption of cultivated crops. Methods: In the present study, the assessment of natural moisture during the growing season was determined by the hydrothermal coefficient (GTC) according to the criterion of T.G. Selyaninov. The irrigation rate was calculated according to the modified formula of A.N. Kostyakov. Biological productivity was taken into account by the method of meter sites in three-fold repetition. Result: The value of the irrigation norm varies depending on the intensity of atmospheric droughts when growing potatoes in the conditions of the dry-steppe zone of the Lower Volga region. To maintain a given pre-irrigation threshold of soil moisture, it is necessary to take into account the hydrothermal indicators of the territory during the entire growing season. The use of modern resource-saving irrigation methods, such as drip irrigation, makes it possible to ensure an uninterrupted supply of moisture to plants and, as a result, to obtain high-quality crop yields. Thus, in order to obtain high and stable yields of potatoes grown on drip irrigation, depending on the heat and moisture availability of the growing season, it took from 2,250 to 3,040 m3/ha of irrigation water.\u0000","PeriodicalId":13398,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal Of Agricultural Research","volume":"74 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68035421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Monicaa, R. Krishnan, R. Sunitha, S. Sanbagavalli, S. Manickam, A. Senthil, S. Sangeetha
Background: Cotton, a popular fiber crop, is in high demand for textiles due to its natural properties. It plays a vital role in biological cycles and sustainable yield. A field experiment to compare natural, organic farming and integrated crop management to assess cotton fiber qualities was conducted in Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, for two years (2021-22 and 2022-23) in Cotton cv. CO 17. Methods: The experiment had nine treatments, arranged in a Randomized Block Design and replicated thrice. A complete Zero Budget Natural Farming Practices were used, including Ghanajeevamirit as Basal, seed treatment with Beejamirit, Jeevamirit applied twice a month through irrigation, intercropping, mulching and Whapasa (Alternate Furrow irrigation). Organic and Integrated plots were also included. Result: The use of beejamirit, jeevamirit and ghanajeevamirit in natural farming led to substantial seed cotton yield of 1287 kg ha-1 in 2021-22 and 1364 kg ha-1 in 2022-23, comparable to organic plots of 1695 kg ha-1 in 2021-22 and 1768 kg ha-1 in 2022-23, while improving soil health, biodiversity and pest management. Quality characteristics did not significantly differ among the different farming practices.
背景：棉花是一种受欢迎的纤维作物，由于其天然特性，对纺织品的需求量很大。它在生物循环和可持续产量方面发挥着至关重要的作用。在哥印拜陀泰米尔纳德邦农业大学进行了为期两年（2021-22年和2022-23年）的棉花品种CO 17的田间试验，比较了自然、有机农业和综合作物管理，以评估棉花纤维质量。方法：实验共有9种治疗方法，采用随机分组设计，重复3次。使用了完整的零预算自然农业实践，包括Ghanajeevamirt作为基础，用Beejamirit进行种子处理，Jeevamirt通过灌溉、间作、覆盖和Whapasa（交替Furrow灌溉）每月施用两次。有机地块和综合地块也包括在内。结果：在自然农业中使用beejamirit、jeevamirt和ghanajeevamirit可使2021-22年和2022-23年的籽棉产量分别达到1287 kg ha-1和1364 kg ha-1，与2021-22和2022-22年的1695 kg ha-1有机地块和1768 kg ha-1的有机地块相当，同时改善了土壤健康、生物多样性和害虫管理。不同耕作方式的质量特征没有显著差异。
{"title":"Assessing the Impact of Natural Farming Practices on Quality Parameters of Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum)","authors":"M. Monicaa, R. Krishnan, R. Sunitha, S. Sanbagavalli, S. Manickam, A. Senthil, S. Sangeetha","doi":"10.18805/ijare.a-6115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/ijare.a-6115","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Cotton, a popular fiber crop, is in high demand for textiles due to its natural properties. It plays a vital role in biological cycles and sustainable yield. A field experiment to compare natural, organic farming and integrated crop management to assess cotton fiber qualities was conducted in Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, for two years (2021-22 and 2022-23) in Cotton cv. CO 17. Methods: The experiment had nine treatments, arranged in a Randomized Block Design and replicated thrice. A complete Zero Budget Natural Farming Practices were used, including Ghanajeevamirit as Basal, seed treatment with Beejamirit, Jeevamirit applied twice a month through irrigation, intercropping, mulching and Whapasa (Alternate Furrow irrigation). Organic and Integrated plots were also included. Result: The use of beejamirit, jeevamirit and ghanajeevamirit in natural farming led to substantial seed cotton yield of 1287 kg ha-1 in 2021-22 and 1364 kg ha-1 in 2022-23, comparable to organic plots of 1695 kg ha-1 in 2021-22 and 1768 kg ha-1 in 2022-23, while improving soil health, biodiversity and pest management. Quality characteristics did not significantly differ among the different farming practices.","PeriodicalId":13398,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal Of Agricultural Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41881072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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