ChemistrySelect最新文献

With contemplation of the importance of graphene-induced nanocomposites in diverse technological applications, in this study, GO-CdS nanocomposites are developed by integrating cadmium sulfide (CdS) nanoparticles with graphene oxide (GO) through a facile wet chemical method. The structural, morphological, chemical, and optical characteristics of composite were extensively investigated by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and UV–visible absorption spectroscopy. The XRD examination confirmed the successful formation of GO and GO-CdS nanocomposite. The FESEM micrographs revealed a uniform distribution of CdS nanoparticles on the wrinkled GO nanosheets, demonstrating strong interactions between the components. The FTIR spectra exhibited a substantial reduction in oxygen-containing functional groups, and the existence of Cd:S bonds confirmed the successful integration of CdS into the GO matrix. The UV–visible spectroscopy demonstrated the enhanced optical absorption in GO-CdS nanocomposite, with a redshift in absorption edge, signifying charge transfer between GO and CdS. Attained results recommend that the GO-CdS nanocomposites exhibit enhanced structural, chemical, and optical properties, making it a capable material for applications in photodetectors, and solar cells.

Efficient hydrogenation catalysts are crucial for integrating hydrogen production and storage in organic/water systems. In this study, an AuTiCe/C alloy catalyst with a mesoporous heterostructure was prepared by ion beam sputtering, sequential combined electrochemical dealloying (EDA), and hot pressing, forming a SPE membrane electrode for cyclohexene catalytic hydrogenation. The sequential combined EDA treatment yields low Au loading and high activity. The catalyst exhibits low-coordinated Au with 0.40 eV lower Au 4f binding energy, ∼1.56% contracted Au(111) spacing, and high-index Au₂Ti(103) facets. CeO₂ disperses at grain boundaries of mesoporous walls composed of tetragonal Au₂Ti and Au. Benefiting from this heterostructure synergy and abundant high-index facet active sites, cyclohexane conversion reaches 5.96% and hydrogenation current efficiency 50.65% in the organic/water system. DFT calculations confirm the Au₂Ti/CeO₂ heterostructure yields more thermoneutral ΔGH* and promotes interfacial charge transfer, optimizing adsorption/desorption of intermediates and active H species, synergistically enhancing catalytic hydrogenation. This study provides insights for designing novel Au-based hydrogenation catalysts and optimizing heterostructure interfaces.

Medicinal chemistry plays a vital role in developing therapeutic drugs with potential novel structural features and biological applications. In the present paper, we report the synthesis and characterization of 1,2,4-triazolidine-3-thione derivatives (3a-3f) using a two-component, one-pot method aided by polyethylene glycol (PEG). The prepared derivatives were analyzed using NMR (¹H and ¹³C) and MS techniques. The prepared compounds exhibited strong binding affinity toward calf thymus DNA (CT-DNA) through groove binding interactions, as supported by spectroscopic and docking studies. In antifungal studies, all compounds demonstrated good activity against Candida albicans, with compound 3f exhibiting the highest level of inhibition, indicating its potential as a promising antifungal inhibitor. The antibacterial activity results of the compounds indicate they were selectively active against Gram-positive bacteria, with compound 3b again showing notable activity, particularly against Bacillus subtilis. However, none of the compounds exhibited activity against Gram-negative bacteria, possibly due to the outer membrane barrier that limits compound entry.

The emergence of penicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus poses a significant challenge to antimicrobial therapy. Natural products may provide resistance-modifying agents (RMAs) capable of restoring antibiotic activity. Here, the essential oil (EO) of the endemic plant Hypericum aegyptiacum subsp. maroccanum (HAEM), collected from the Moghrar region (Naâma Province, Algeria), was investigated for its ability to enhance penicillin G activity against resistant S. aureus. GC-FID and GC-MS analyses identified 35 compounds, accounting for 99.92% of the total oil, with α-pinene (50.7%), β-pinene (19.11%), and (+)-m-mentha-1(6),8-diene (9.42%) as major constituents. HAEM EO combined with penicillin G restored antibacterial activity against penicillin-resistant S. aureus SCS03, with the strongest synergistic effect observed at 8.40 µg/mL penicillin G and 61.33 µg/mL EO. To explore possible mechanisms underlying this restored activity, molecular docking was performed against β-lactamase (PDB: 1PIO) and PBP2a (PDB: 6H5O). Several HAEM EO constituents, including oxido-5,17-α-copaen-11-ol, calarene, cadinene, and α-maaliene, exhibited strong predicted binding affinities and favorable predicted bioavailability and low toxicity profiles. These findings suggest that HAEM EO may constitute a promising source of resistance-modifying compounds, although further experimental validation is warranted.

Poly(methacrylic acid-co-divinylbenzene) (PMAA-co-DVB) microspheres were prepared by one-pot precipitation polymerization as carboxyl-rich adsorbents for cationic dye removal. Despite a low BET surface area of 4.96 m²·g⁻¹, the microspheres exhibited a high carboxyl-group density of 7.85 ± 0.17 mmol·g⁻¹. Decreasing the MAA content reduced the carboxyl-group density, negative surface charge, and adsorption capacities toward methylene blue (MB) and methyl violet (MV), establishing a composition, functional site, surface charge, and adsorption relationship. Adsorption approached equilibrium within approximately 20 min, and the Langmuir model provided the best empirical description among the tested models, with model-derived maximum capacities of 911.04 and 749.78 mg g⁻¹ for MB and MV, respectively. In binary-dye systems, PMAA-co-DVB preferentially adsorbed the tested cationic dyes over anionic dyes, with apparent selectivity coefficients of 1133.98–2594.76. XPS and zeta-potential analyses supported an important contribution of ionized carboxyl sites and electrostatic interactions. The microspheres also retained appreciable adsorption capacity over 10 regeneration cycles and showed preliminary applicability in actual textile wastewater.

Rising atmospheric CO₂ concentrations demand sustainable carbon management strategies. Renewable energy-driven CO₂ capture and utilization (CCU) offers a promising route to emission mitigation and sustainable fuel synthesis. This review systematically examines green CO₂ capture techniques, focusing on the material–process relationships that govern performance. Adsorption and absorption systems, including zeolites, metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), covalent organic frameworks (COFs), nanostructured sorbents, ionic liquids, and deep eutectic solvents (DESs), are discussed with attention to adsorption thermodynamics, sorbent–CO₂ interactions, selectivity, and regeneration energy penalties. Renewable CO₂ conversion processes, including photocatalytic and thermochemical approaches, are assessed. Integrated capture and conversion (ICCU) systems are highlighted as an emerging strategy that directly couples adsorption and catalytic transformation to reduce energy and separation costs. Despite notable progress, scale-up remains hampered by material instability, mass-transfer limitations, high energy demands for regeneration and hydrogen production, and techno-economic concerns. Unlike reviews that address capture, conversion, or ICCU in isolation, this review offers an integrated materials-to-process perspective linking green capture materials, renewable energy inputs, conversion pathways, and fuel synthesis, with particular attention to the transition from separate to integrated capture–conversion processes. It emphasizes rational capture-material design, renewable energy integration, and catalytic process optimization to advance CO₂-to-fuel technologies toward industrial viability and a circular economy.

Developing noble-metal-free bifunctional electrodes with useful activity and operational durability is important for alkaline water splitting. Herein, a three-dimensional MoMn-MnO₂/MXene-NF nanoarray electrode was constructed by hydrothermal growth and electrodeposition. The nickel-foam scaffold and interconnected nanosheets provide an open electrode architecture, while the MXene-derived component and deposited MoMn oxide are associated with the multicomponent surface identified by structural and spectroscopic characterization. The retained polarization plots report overpotentials of 215 and 375 mV at 100 mA cm⁻² for the hydrogen evolution reaction and oxygen evolution reaction, respectively, in 1.0 M KOH. When used as both cathode and anode for full water splitting, the electrode delivers 10 mA cm⁻² at 1.56 V and retains its electrochemical performance during 112 h of operation at 100 mA cm⁻². These results demonstrate electrode-level bifunctional activity and operational durability under the tested conditions.

The pervasive contamination of aquatic environments by antibiotics poses a critical public health and ecological threat. Photocatalytic advanced oxidation with copper oxide (CuO) is promising for antibiotic mineralization, yet its efficiency is limited by rapid charge recombination and photocorrosion. Constructing CuO-based heterojunctions has emerged as a key strategy to overcome these barriers. This review provides a critical and focused overview of recent progress in CuO-based heterojunctions for antibiotic degradation, covering pure photocatalysis, photo-assisted advanced oxidation, dark catalytic activation, and photo-enzyme synergistic systems. We outline primary synthesis methods (hydrothermal, in situ growth, calcination, green synthesis) and elucidate the charge transfer mechanisms of type-II, Z-scheme, and S-scheme heterojunctions. This paper discusses how interfacial engineering, including oxygen vacancies (OVs), doping, morphology control, and plasmonic effects, enhances activity. Degradation performance toward tetracyclines, sulfonamides, and fluoroquinolones is comprehensively reviewed, along with structure–activity correlations. Finally, we address remaining challenges in scalable synthesis, operational stability, and real-water applicability, and outline future directions involving novel heterojunction design, machine learning-assisted optimization, in situ mechanistic characterization, and reactor development, aiming to bridge the gap from fundamental research to practical water treatment.