Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.3126/jist.v27i1.46695
A. Chaudhary, L. Sapkota, Vijay Kumar
We have defined a modified form of the inverse NHE distribution in this study. The suggested distribution's hazard function might be shaped like a constant or increasing. Some of the suggested distribution's statistical properties are all clearly derived. Maximum likelihood, Least squares, and Cramer-Von-Mises methods are applied to determine the novel distribution's parameters. For estimators, the asymptotic confidence intervals have been determined as well. The fit of the new distribution is evaluated using an actual data set. We've found that the suggested distribution has proven to be effective in modeling real data set.
{"title":"Modified Inverse NHE Distribution: Properties and Application","authors":"A. Chaudhary, L. Sapkota, Vijay Kumar","doi":"10.3126/jist.v27i1.46695","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/jist.v27i1.46695","url":null,"abstract":"We have defined a modified form of the inverse NHE distribution in this study. The suggested distribution's hazard function might be shaped like a constant or increasing. Some of the suggested distribution's statistical properties are all clearly derived. Maximum likelihood, Least squares, and Cramer-Von-Mises methods are applied to determine the novel distribution's parameters. For estimators, the asymptotic confidence intervals have been determined as well. The fit of the new distribution is evaluated using an actual data set. We've found that the suggested distribution has proven to be effective in modeling real data set.","PeriodicalId":16072,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hunan Institute of Science and Technology","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90993624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.3126/jist.v27i1.46709
Bipin Timalsina, N. Paudel, T. B. Shahi
Automatic text summarization has been a challenging topic in natural language processing (NLP) as it demands preserving important information while summarizing the large text into a summary. Extractive and abstractive text summarization are widely investigated approaches for text summarization. In extractive summarization, the important sentence from the large text is extracted and combined to create a summary whereas abstractive summarization creates a summary that is more focused on meaning, rather than content. Therefore, abstractive summarization gained more attention from researchers in the recent past. However, text summarization is still an untouched topic in the Nepali language. To this end, we proposed an abstractive text summarization for Nepali text. Here, we, first, create a Nepali text dataset by scraping Nepali news from the online news portals. Second, we design a deep learning-based text summarization model based on an encoder-decoder recurrent neural network with attention. More precisely, Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) cells are used in the encoder and decoder layer. Third, we build nine different models by selecting various hyper-parameters such as the number of hidden layers and the number of nodes. Finally, we report the Recall-Oriented Understudy for Gisting Evaluation (ROUGE) score for each model to evaluate their performance. Among nine different models created by adjusting different numbers of layers and hidden states, the model with a single-layer encoder and 256 hidden states outperformed all other models with F-Score values of 15.74, 3.29, and 15.21 for ROUGE-1 ROUGE-2 and ROUGE-L, respectively.
{"title":"Attention based Recurrent Neural Network for Nepali Text Summarization","authors":"Bipin Timalsina, N. Paudel, T. B. Shahi","doi":"10.3126/jist.v27i1.46709","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/jist.v27i1.46709","url":null,"abstract":"Automatic text summarization has been a challenging topic in natural language processing (NLP) as it demands preserving important information while summarizing the large text into a summary. Extractive and abstractive text summarization are widely investigated approaches for text summarization. In extractive summarization, the important sentence from the large text is extracted and combined to create a summary whereas abstractive summarization creates a summary that is more focused on meaning, rather than content. Therefore, abstractive summarization gained more attention from researchers in the recent past. However, text summarization is still an untouched topic in the Nepali language. To this end, we proposed an abstractive text summarization for Nepali text. Here, we, first, create a Nepali text dataset by scraping Nepali news from the online news portals. Second, we design a deep learning-based text summarization model based on an encoder-decoder recurrent neural network with attention. More precisely, Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) cells are used in the encoder and decoder layer. Third, we build nine different models by selecting various hyper-parameters such as the number of hidden layers and the number of nodes. Finally, we report the Recall-Oriented Understudy for Gisting Evaluation (ROUGE) score for each model to evaluate their performance. Among nine different models created by adjusting different numbers of layers and hidden states, the model with a single-layer encoder and 256 hidden states outperformed all other models with F-Score values of 15.74, 3.29, and 15.21 for ROUGE-1 ROUGE-2 and ROUGE-L, respectively.","PeriodicalId":16072,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hunan Institute of Science and Technology","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85361254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.3126/jist.v27i1.46361
T. Chaudhary, B. Joshi
The topology analysis of electron localization function (ELF), localized orbital locator (LOL), the study of nonlinear optical properties, thermal properties, and biological activities of cephalexin have been performed using DFT/B3LYP and employing 6-311++G(d,p) basis sets. The Mulliken atomic charge on atoms has been calculated. The quantities describing nonlinear optical (NLO) properties like molecular polarizability (α), first hyperpolarizability (β), and second hyperpolarizability (γ) were comparable to the values of urea. The computed value of the second hyperpolarizability was found to be negative, which is an important feature for the system of controllable NLO devices. The thermodynamic properties like heat capacity (S), enthalpy (H), and entropy (S) are positively correlated with the temperature. Further, the title molecule shows good potentiality for binding with the selected target protein matrix metalloproteinase-2.
{"title":"Electronic, Thermodynamic Properties, Nonlinear Optical Responses, and Molecular Docking Studies on Cephalexin","authors":"T. Chaudhary, B. Joshi","doi":"10.3126/jist.v27i1.46361","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/jist.v27i1.46361","url":null,"abstract":"The topology analysis of electron localization function (ELF), localized orbital locator (LOL), the study of nonlinear optical properties, thermal properties, and biological activities of cephalexin have been performed using DFT/B3LYP and employing 6-311++G(d,p) basis sets. The Mulliken atomic charge on atoms has been calculated. The quantities describing nonlinear optical (NLO) properties like molecular polarizability (α), first hyperpolarizability (β), and second hyperpolarizability (γ) were comparable to the values of urea. The computed value of the second hyperpolarizability was found to be negative, which is an important feature for the system of controllable NLO devices. The thermodynamic properties like heat capacity (S), enthalpy (H), and entropy (S) are positively correlated with the temperature. Further, the title molecule shows good potentiality for binding with the selected target protein matrix metalloproteinase-2.","PeriodicalId":16072,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hunan Institute of Science and Technology","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72762751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.3126/jist.v27i1.46666
S. Gupta, T. N. Dhamala
One of the challenges in operations research is to route numerous commodities from particular supply locations to the corresponding demand points across the lanes of a network infrastructure while maintaining capacity restrictions. The quickest multi-commodity flow problem would be one of those that reduces the time it takes to complete the process. Reorienting lanes toward demand sites can increase outbound lane capacity. The quickest multi-commodity contraflow problem is NP-hard computationally. We use a ∆-condensed time-expanded graph to propose an FPTAS for this problem by including the lane reversal technique. We look into asymmetric transit times on anti-parallel arcs to address the unequal road conditions and flow dependency.
{"title":"An FPTAS for Quickest Multi-commodity Contraflow Problem with Asymmetric Transit Times","authors":"S. Gupta, T. N. Dhamala","doi":"10.3126/jist.v27i1.46666","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/jist.v27i1.46666","url":null,"abstract":"One of the challenges in operations research is to route numerous commodities from particular supply locations to the corresponding demand points across the lanes of a network infrastructure while maintaining capacity restrictions. The quickest multi-commodity flow problem would be one of those that reduces the time it takes to complete the process. Reorienting lanes toward demand sites can increase outbound lane capacity. The quickest multi-commodity contraflow problem is NP-hard computationally. We use a ∆-condensed time-expanded graph to propose an FPTAS for this problem by including the lane reversal technique. We look into asymmetric transit times on anti-parallel arcs to address the unequal road conditions and flow dependency.","PeriodicalId":16072,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hunan Institute of Science and Technology","volume":"63 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76294663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.3126/jist.v27i1.46685
L. Sapkota
In this article, we have introduced the new distribution named exponentiated inverse power Cauchy distribution, which presents more flexibility in modeling a real lifetime dataset. The proposed distribution is analytically appealing and easy to work with and can be used efficiently to analyze the real data sets. Its probability density function can include various shapes according to the value of the parameters. Different explicit expressions for its quantile, survival, hazard and generating function, density function of the order statistics, cumulative hazard function, and failure rate function are provided. The model’s parameters are estimated by using the maximum likelihood estimation method, and we also obtained the observed information matrix. We have also constructed the asymptotic confidence intervals for the estimated parameters of the proposed distribution. We have illustrated the goodness-of-fit test and the application of the purposed distribution empirically through a real-life data set. All the computations are performed in R software (version 4.1.1). It is observed that the proposed distribution gets at least similar or a better fit than some selected distributions taken for comparison.
{"title":"Statistical Properties and Applications of Exponentiated Inverse Power Cauchy Distribution","authors":"L. Sapkota","doi":"10.3126/jist.v27i1.46685","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/jist.v27i1.46685","url":null,"abstract":"In this article, we have introduced the new distribution named exponentiated inverse power Cauchy distribution, which presents more flexibility in modeling a real lifetime dataset. The proposed distribution is analytically appealing and easy to work with and can be used efficiently to analyze the real data sets. Its probability density function can include various shapes according to the value of the parameters. Different explicit expressions for its quantile, survival, hazard and generating function, density function of the order statistics, cumulative hazard function, and failure rate function are provided. The model’s parameters are estimated by using the maximum likelihood estimation method, and we also obtained the observed information matrix. We have also constructed the asymptotic confidence intervals for the estimated parameters of the proposed distribution. We have illustrated the goodness-of-fit test and the application of the purposed distribution empirically through a real-life data set. All the computations are performed in R software (version 4.1.1). It is observed that the proposed distribution gets at least similar or a better fit than some selected distributions taken for comparison.","PeriodicalId":16072,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hunan Institute of Science and Technology","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82074751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.3126/jist.v27i1.46683
Bishnu H Subedi
For a transcendental entire function f, the set of form I ( f ) = {z ∈ : (z) → ∞ as n → ∞} is called an escaping set. The major open question in transcendental dynamics is the conjecture of Eremenko, which states that for any transcendental entire function f, the escaping set I ( f ) has no bounded component. This conjecture in a special case has been proved by defining the fast escaping set A ( f ), which consists of points that move to infinity as fast as possible. Very recent studies in the field of transcendental dynamics have concentrated on the partition of fast escaping sets into maximally and non-maximally fast escaping sets. It is well known that a fast escaping set has no bounded component, but in contrast, there are entire transcendental functions for which each maximally and non-maximally fast escaping set has uncountably many singleton components.
{"title":"On the Partition of Fast Escaping Sets of a Transcendental Entire Function","authors":"Bishnu H Subedi","doi":"10.3126/jist.v27i1.46683","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/jist.v27i1.46683","url":null,"abstract":"For a transcendental entire function f, the set of form I ( f ) = {z ∈ : (z) → ∞ as n → ∞} is called an escaping set. The major open question in transcendental dynamics is the conjecture of Eremenko, which states that for any transcendental entire function f, the escaping set I ( f ) has no bounded component. This conjecture in a special case has been proved by defining the fast escaping set A ( f ), which consists of points that move to infinity as fast as possible. Very recent studies in the field of transcendental dynamics have concentrated on the partition of fast escaping sets into maximally and non-maximally fast escaping sets. It is well known that a fast escaping set has no bounded component, but in contrast, there are entire transcendental functions for which each maximally and non-maximally fast escaping set has uncountably many singleton components.","PeriodicalId":16072,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hunan Institute of Science and Technology","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73837642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.3126/jist.v27i1.40866
D. K. Chaudhary, Yogesh Singh Maharjan, Sharmila Pradhan Amatya, S. Shrestha, R. Parajuli, Pitamber Shrestha, Leela Pradhan Joshi
Over the past few decades, nanomaterials of metal oxide such as zinc oxide (ZnO) have been significantly researched for sensing various toxic gases like ethanol, acetone and ammonia. The sensing performance of semiconducting materials depends primarily on their surface structure and the interaction behavior with target gas molecules. The surface quality of ZnO is highly influenced by deposition methods. Although several ZnO surfaces have been rigorously studied for detecting gas leakages, it still possesses drawbacks such as high operating temperature, slow response and recovery times. Henceforth, this investigation was carried out to resolve these issues in the fabrication of future ZnO-based gas sensors. In this work, we report the major findings of the ZnO-based nanoparticle film gas sensor prepared by a doctor blade method to gain insight towards detecting various concentrations of acetone gas at different temperatures. The XRD and FTIR results confirmed the phase purity of ZnO. The results showed the highest response ratio of 25.697 0.012 at 285 oC with an exposure of 800 ppm of acetone along with the quick response and recovery times of 39 sec and 79 sec, respectively. This operating temperature was found to be lower than the reported value for a similar system than that prepared via different methods.
{"title":"Sensing Characteristics of ZnO Nanoparticle Film towards Acetone","authors":"D. K. Chaudhary, Yogesh Singh Maharjan, Sharmila Pradhan Amatya, S. Shrestha, R. Parajuli, Pitamber Shrestha, Leela Pradhan Joshi","doi":"10.3126/jist.v27i1.40866","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/jist.v27i1.40866","url":null,"abstract":"Over the past few decades, nanomaterials of metal oxide such as zinc oxide (ZnO) have been significantly researched for sensing various toxic gases like ethanol, acetone and ammonia. The sensing performance of semiconducting materials depends primarily on their surface structure and the interaction behavior with target gas molecules. The surface quality of ZnO is highly influenced by deposition methods. Although several ZnO surfaces have been rigorously studied for detecting gas leakages, it still possesses drawbacks such as high operating temperature, slow response and recovery times. Henceforth, this investigation was carried out to resolve these issues in the fabrication of future ZnO-based gas sensors. In this work, we report the major findings of the ZnO-based nanoparticle film gas sensor prepared by a doctor blade method to gain insight towards detecting various concentrations of acetone gas at different temperatures. The XRD and FTIR results confirmed the phase purity of ZnO. The results showed the highest response ratio of 25.697 0.012 at 285 oC with an exposure of 800 ppm of acetone along with the quick response and recovery times of 39 sec and 79 sec, respectively. This operating temperature was found to be lower than the reported value for a similar system than that prepared via different methods.","PeriodicalId":16072,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hunan Institute of Science and Technology","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78996546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.3126/jist.v27i1.46661
I. Subedi, P. Budha, V. K. Thapa
Tetraponera Smith, 1852 is one of the least studied ant genera in Nepal, with only four known species. A taxonomic study was carried out on Nepalese Tetraponera collected mostly from forested habitats ranging in elevation from 98 to 1400 m above sea level using pitfall trapping, baiting, beating low vegetation and hand collecting. The study reports four species – Tetraponera aitkenii (Forel, 1902) and T. difficilis (Emery, 1900) of nigra group as the first record, and T. allaborans (Walker, 1859) of allaborans group, and T. rufonigra (Jerdon, 1851) of rufonigra group as new distribution records for Nepal bringing the total number of known species to six. Taxonomic as well as distribution notes for all four species recorded in this study, and a distribution map of all Nepalese species, are provided. An identification key for Nepalese Tetraponera workers is also presented.
{"title":"Ant Genus Tetraponera SMITH, 1852 In Nepal, with Two New Records and Keys to Workers (Formicidae: Psueudomyrmecinae)","authors":"I. Subedi, P. Budha, V. K. Thapa","doi":"10.3126/jist.v27i1.46661","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/jist.v27i1.46661","url":null,"abstract":"Tetraponera Smith, 1852 is one of the least studied ant genera in Nepal, with only four known species. A taxonomic study was carried out on Nepalese Tetraponera collected mostly from forested habitats ranging in elevation from 98 to 1400 m above sea level using pitfall trapping, baiting, beating low vegetation and hand collecting. The study reports four species – Tetraponera aitkenii (Forel, 1902) and T. difficilis (Emery, 1900) of nigra group as the first record, and T. allaborans (Walker, 1859) of allaborans group, and T. rufonigra (Jerdon, 1851) of rufonigra group as new distribution records for Nepal bringing the total number of known species to six. Taxonomic as well as distribution notes for all four species recorded in this study, and a distribution map of all Nepalese species, are provided. An identification key for Nepalese Tetraponera workers is also presented.","PeriodicalId":16072,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hunan Institute of Science and Technology","volume":"126 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76831420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-29DOI: 10.3126/jist.v26i2.41664
Rambooshan Tiwari, H. Paudyal
To establish the relations between b-value and fractal dimension (D0) for the earthquake distribution, we study the regional variations of those parameters in the central Himalaya region. The earthquake catalog of 989 events (Mc = 4.0) from 1994.01.31 to 2020.10.28 was analyzed in the study. The study region is divided into two sub-regions (I) Region A: 27.3°N -30.3°N and 80°E -84.8°E (western Nepal and vicinity) and (II) Region B: 26.4°N -28.6°N and 84.8°E -88.4°E (eastern Nepal and vicinity). The b-value observed is within the range between 0.92 to 1.02 for region A and 0.64 to 0.74 for region B showing the homogeneous nature of the variation. The seismic a-value for those regions ranges respectively between 5.385 to 6.007 and 4.565 to 5.218. The low b-values and low seismicity noted for region B may be related with less heterogeneity and high strength in the crust. The high seismicity with average b-values obtained for region A may be related with high heterogeneity and low strength in the crust. The fractal dimension ≥1.74 for region A and ≥ 1.82 for region B indicate that the earthquakes were distributed over two-dimensional embedding space. The observed correlation between D0 and b is negative for western Nepal and positive for eastern Nepal while the correlation between D0 and a/b value is just opposite for the respective regions. The findings identify both regions as high-stress regions. The results coming from the study agree with the results of the preceding works and reveal information about the local disparity of stress and change in tectonic complexity in the central Himalaya region.
{"title":"Box Counting Fractal Dimension and Frequency Size Distributon of Earthquakes in the Central Himalaya Region","authors":"Rambooshan Tiwari, H. Paudyal","doi":"10.3126/jist.v26i2.41664","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/jist.v26i2.41664","url":null,"abstract":"To establish the relations between b-value and fractal dimension (D0) for the earthquake distribution, we study the regional variations of those parameters in the central Himalaya region. The earthquake catalog of 989 events (Mc = 4.0) from 1994.01.31 to 2020.10.28 was analyzed in the study. The study region is divided into two sub-regions (I) Region A: 27.3°N -30.3°N and 80°E -84.8°E (western Nepal and vicinity) and (II) Region B: 26.4°N -28.6°N and 84.8°E -88.4°E (eastern Nepal and vicinity). The b-value observed is within the range between 0.92 to 1.02 for region A and 0.64 to 0.74 for region B showing the homogeneous nature of the variation. The seismic a-value for those regions ranges respectively between 5.385 to 6.007 and 4.565 to 5.218. The low b-values and low seismicity noted for region B may be related with less heterogeneity and high strength in the crust. The high seismicity with average b-values obtained for region A may be related with high heterogeneity and low strength in the crust. The fractal dimension ≥1.74 for region A and ≥ 1.82 for region B indicate that the earthquakes were distributed over two-dimensional embedding space. The observed correlation between D0 and b is negative for western Nepal and positive for eastern Nepal while the correlation between D0 and a/b value is just opposite for the respective regions. The findings identify both regions as high-stress regions. The results coming from the study agree with the results of the preceding works and reveal information about the local disparity of stress and change in tectonic complexity in the central Himalaya region.","PeriodicalId":16072,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hunan Institute of Science and Technology","volume":"180 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76928462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-29DOI: 10.3126/jist.v26i2.41546
S. Thapa, S. Basnet, R. Khanal
The force experienced by the hamstring during the leg curl has been numerically investigated using the conservation theorem. The center of the meniscus is assumed to be the pivot point along with the uniform distribution of forces in the frictionless environment. The variation of force experienced by the hamstring during the concentric motion of the leg curl has been derived and graphically illustrated. It is found that the force experienced by the hamstring increases with the increase in length of the lower leg and its weight as well. The magnitude of force decreases with the increase in distance from the pivot to insertion. However, the magnitude of force increases from about 3.60 to 4.79 kN in the practically valid region 3 to 4 cm distance from the pivot to insertion with the increase in weight of lower leg from 5 to 15 kg. On the other hand, the magnitude of force increases from about 3.75 to 9.80 kN with the increase in weight suspended on the machine from 10 to 40 kg. In addition, the force decreases with the increase in upper leg dimension, but it linearly increases with the increase in the angle of suspension.
{"title":"Eccentric and Concentric Motion Motion of Hamstring during the Leg Curl","authors":"S. Thapa, S. Basnet, R. Khanal","doi":"10.3126/jist.v26i2.41546","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/jist.v26i2.41546","url":null,"abstract":"The force experienced by the hamstring during the leg curl has been numerically investigated using the conservation theorem. The center of the meniscus is assumed to be the pivot point along with the uniform distribution of forces in the frictionless environment. The variation of force experienced by the hamstring during the concentric motion of the leg curl has been derived and graphically illustrated. It is found that the force experienced by the hamstring increases with the increase in length of the lower leg and its weight as well. The magnitude of force decreases with the increase in distance from the pivot to insertion. However, the magnitude of force increases from about 3.60 to 4.79 kN in the practically valid region 3 to 4 cm distance from the pivot to insertion with the increase in weight of lower leg from 5 to 15 kg. On the other hand, the magnitude of force increases from about 3.75 to 9.80 kN with the increase in weight suspended on the machine from 10 to 40 kg. In addition, the force decreases with the increase in upper leg dimension, but it linearly increases with the increase in the angle of suspension.","PeriodicalId":16072,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hunan Institute of Science and Technology","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76096875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：