Pub Date : 2026-04-09Epub Date: 2025-12-31DOI: 10.1002/jmri.70224
Hector L. de Moura, Anmol Monga, Dilbag Singh, Marcelo V. W. Zibetti, Jonathan Samuels, Ravinder R. Regatte
<div> <section> <h3> Background</h3> <p>Early detection of knee osteoarthritis (OA) is important. Spin–lattice relaxation in the rotating frame (<i>T</i><sub>1ρ</sub>) mapping is sensitive to early cartilage changes, but the mono-exponential (ME) model may be limited. Multi-component models can capture more tissue complexity, but their diagnostic advantage has not been validated.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Purpose</h3> <p>To evaluate if stretched- (SE) and bi-exponential (BE) <i>T</i><sub>1ρ</sub> models can improve early knee OA detection over the ME model.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Study Type</h3> <p>Case–control study.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Population</h3> <p>Twenty-six healthy subjects (mean age 51.5) and 26 early knee OA patients (mean age 61.8).</p> </section> <section> <h3> Field Strength/Sequence</h3> <p><i>T</i><sub>1ρ</sub>-prepared Turbo FLASH sequence at 3 T field strength.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Assessment</h3> <p><i>T</i><sub>1ρ</sub> parameters from three exponential models were adjusted for age. To maximize group separability, the parameters were combined into single discriminators for both global knee cartilage and six anatomical sub-regions. Diagnostic performance was assessed based on the ability of these combined models to distinguish early OA.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Statistical Tests</h3> <p>Parameters were adjusted for age. Mann–Whitney <i>U</i>-test (group comparisons), linear discriminant analysis (LDA), and area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) with bootstrapped 95% confidence intervals (CI). Significance level set at <i>p</i> < 0.05, using the false discovery rate (FDR) to correct for multiple comparisons.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Results</h3> <p>In the global analysis, no model demonstrated significant diagnostic performance (<i>p-</i>values of 0.63, 0.96, 0.63 for ME, SE, and BE). Multi-regional SE model (AUC = 0.83, CI: 0.72, 0.93) significantly distinguished OA and healthy groups. Calibration analysis showed the SE model had the lowest Brier score (0.17), significantly better than the ME model (0.26).</p> </section> <section> <h3> Data Conclusion</h3> <p>Sub-regional analysis of <i>T</i><sub>1ρ</sub> parameter maps suggests an improvement
{"title":"Detection of Early Knee Osteoarthritis Using Multi-Component T1ρ Mapping","authors":"Hector L. de Moura, Anmol Monga, Dilbag Singh, Marcelo V. W. Zibetti, Jonathan Samuels, Ravinder R. Regatte","doi":"10.1002/jmri.70224","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jmri.70224","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Early detection of knee osteoarthritis (OA) is important. Spin–lattice relaxation in the rotating frame (<i>T</i><sub>1ρ</sub>) mapping is sensitive to early cartilage changes, but the mono-exponential (ME) model may be limited. Multi-component models can capture more tissue complexity, but their diagnostic advantage has not been validated.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Purpose</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To evaluate if stretched- (SE) and bi-exponential (BE) <i>T</i><sub>1ρ</sub> models can improve early knee OA detection over the ME model.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Study Type</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Case–control study.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Population</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Twenty-six healthy subjects (mean age 51.5) and 26 early knee OA patients (mean age 61.8).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Field Strength/Sequence</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p><i>T</i><sub>1ρ</sub>-prepared Turbo FLASH sequence at 3 T field strength.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Assessment</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p><i>T</i><sub>1ρ</sub> parameters from three exponential models were adjusted for age. To maximize group separability, the parameters were combined into single discriminators for both global knee cartilage and six anatomical sub-regions. Diagnostic performance was assessed based on the ability of these combined models to distinguish early OA.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Statistical Tests</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Parameters were adjusted for age. Mann–Whitney <i>U</i>-test (group comparisons), linear discriminant analysis (LDA), and area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) with bootstrapped 95% confidence intervals (CI). Significance level set at <i>p</i> < 0.05, using the false discovery rate (FDR) to correct for multiple comparisons.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In the global analysis, no model demonstrated significant diagnostic performance (<i>p-</i>values of 0.63, 0.96, 0.63 for ME, SE, and BE). Multi-regional SE model (AUC = 0.83, CI: 0.72, 0.93) significantly distinguished OA and healthy groups. Calibration analysis showed the SE model had the lowest Brier score (0.17), significantly better than the ME model (0.26).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Data Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Sub-regional analysis of <i>T</i><sub>1ρ</sub> parameter maps suggests an improvement ","PeriodicalId":16140,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging","volume":"63 5","pages":"1336-1347"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145863109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-04-09Epub Date: 2025-12-23DOI: 10.1002/jmri.70212
Fariba Badrzadeh, Elham Karimigharighi, Huajun Liang, Andrew Chan, Linda Chang, Peiying Liu
<div> <section> <h3> Background</h3> <p>Vascular cognitive impairment and dementia (VCID) is the second leading cause of dementia. Cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) is a promising biomarker for VCID. However, CVR is not commonly measured in clinical practice due to logistical difficulties in applying a hypercapnia challenge during MR imaging.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Purpose</h3> <p>To investigate whether CVR measured by intermittent breath modulation (bm-CVR) without hypercapnia gas-inhalation can be a sensitive biomarker in VCID.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Study Type</h3> <p>Prospective cohort study.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Subjects</h3> <p>Eighty-two participants (aged 66.8 ± 6.8 years, 54 females, 28 males) with normal cognition (<i>N</i> = 36), mild cognitive impairment (MCI, <i>N</i> = 37), or mild dementia (<i>N</i> = 9).</p> </section> <section> <h3> Field strength/Sequence</h3> <p>3.0 T; Blood-oxygenation-level-dependence (BOLD) MRI.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Assessment</h3> <p>CVR was measured with BOLD MRI using intermittent breath modulation. Cognitive function was measured with Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) score, cognitive domains scores, and a global composite cognitive score. Physical function was measured with gait-speed and chair-stand test scores.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Statistical Tests</h3> <p>Multi-linear regression models were performed within the participants to test the associations between bm-CVR and measures of cognitive and physical functions. A <i>p</i> value < 0.05 was considered significant. Bonferroni multiple comparison correction was performed when multiple cognitive domains were tested.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Results</h3> <p>Whole-brain bm-CVR values were significantly associated with the diagnosis group of normal, MCI, and early dementia (<i>β</i> = −3.00%/mm Hg, 95% confidence interval (CI) [−5.42, −0.58]), and were lower in the impaired participants relative to participants with normal cognition (<i>β</i> = −2.18, CI [−3.91, −0.45]). Bm-CVR was positively associated with global cognition measured by both MoCA (<i>β</i> = 14.73, CI [1.74, 27.73]) and composite cognitive s
{"title":"Association Between Gas-Free Cerebrovascular Reactivity (CVR) and Cognitive Function in Older Adults With a High Risk for Vascular Dementia","authors":"Fariba Badrzadeh, Elham Karimigharighi, Huajun Liang, Andrew Chan, Linda Chang, Peiying Liu","doi":"10.1002/jmri.70212","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jmri.70212","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Vascular cognitive impairment and dementia (VCID) is the second leading cause of dementia. Cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) is a promising biomarker for VCID. However, CVR is not commonly measured in clinical practice due to logistical difficulties in applying a hypercapnia challenge during MR imaging.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Purpose</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To investigate whether CVR measured by intermittent breath modulation (bm-CVR) without hypercapnia gas-inhalation can be a sensitive biomarker in VCID.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Study Type</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Prospective cohort study.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Subjects</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Eighty-two participants (aged 66.8 ± 6.8 years, 54 females, 28 males) with normal cognition (<i>N</i> = 36), mild cognitive impairment (MCI, <i>N</i> = 37), or mild dementia (<i>N</i> = 9).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Field strength/Sequence</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>3.0 T; Blood-oxygenation-level-dependence (BOLD) MRI.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Assessment</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>CVR was measured with BOLD MRI using intermittent breath modulation. Cognitive function was measured with Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) score, cognitive domains scores, and a global composite cognitive score. Physical function was measured with gait-speed and chair-stand test scores.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Statistical Tests</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Multi-linear regression models were performed within the participants to test the associations between bm-CVR and measures of cognitive and physical functions. A <i>p</i> value < 0.05 was considered significant. Bonferroni multiple comparison correction was performed when multiple cognitive domains were tested.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Whole-brain bm-CVR values were significantly associated with the diagnosis group of normal, MCI, and early dementia (<i>β</i> = −3.00%/mm Hg, 95% confidence interval (CI) [−5.42, −0.58]), and were lower in the impaired participants relative to participants with normal cognition (<i>β</i> = −2.18, CI [−3.91, −0.45]). Bm-CVR was positively associated with global cognition measured by both MoCA (<i>β</i> = 14.73, CI [1.74, 27.73]) and composite cognitive s","PeriodicalId":16140,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging","volume":"63 5","pages":"1282-1289"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13066515/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145810365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-04-09Epub Date: 2025-12-27DOI: 10.1002/jmri.70218
Jianing Tang, Sang Hun Chung, Maria Gamez, Tianrui Zhao, Michael S. Wolf, Dilip K. Pandey, Philip B. Gorelick, Lirong Yan
<div> <section> <h3> Background</h3> <p>Dysfunction of cerebral perforating arteries is a major contributor to cerebral small vessel disease. Developing a reliable MRI technique for assessing cerebral perforating arteries on widely accessible 3T systems would be advantageous.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Purpose</h3> <p>To evaluate the feasibility and reliability of dual-velocity encoding (dual-VENC) PC-MRI at 3T for assessing pulsatility of cerebral perforating arteries.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Study Type</h3> <p>Prospective.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Subjects</h3> <p>Twelve healthy young adults (2 female, 24.0 ± 3.99 years) and 31 older adults with and without vascular risk factors (21 female, 67.72 ± 8.48 years).</p> </section> <section> <h3> Field Strength/Sequence</h3> <p>Dual-VENC 2D PC-MRI at 3T and 7T.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Assessment</h3> <p>The number of perforators (N<sub>perforator</sub>) and pulsatility index (PI) measured using 3T dual-VENC PC-MRI were evaluated through test–retest and comparison against those by 7T dual-VENC PC-MRI on the younger participants. The associations of PI and N<sub>perforator</sub> with age, cognition, and vascular risk factors were investigated in the elderly cohort.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Statistical Tests</h3> <p>Paired <i>t</i>-tests, two-sample <i>t</i>-tests, Bland–Altman analysis, coefficient of variation (CV), Shapiro–Wilk Test, one-way ANOVA, and multivariable regression models. Significance level: 0.05.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Results</h3> <p>3T dual-VENC PC-MRI provided better reproducibility with CV values of 10% and 14% for PI and N<sub>perforator</sub>, respectively, compared to single VENCs (high VENC: 21% and 21%, low VENC: 13% and 14%). 3T dual-VENC PC-MRI showed no significant difference in N<sub>perforator</sub> and PI measurements with 7T dual-VENC (<i>p</i> = 0.16, 0.38, respectively). Among the older participants, aging and cognitive impairment were both significantly associated with increased PI but not with N<sub>perforator</sub> (<i>p</i> = 0.17 and 0.365); global vascular risk burden, as well as individual vascular risk factors, including pulse pres
{"title":"Pulsatility Assessment of Cerebral Perforating Arteries Using Submillimeter-Resolution Dual-VENC Phase-Contrast MRI at 3T","authors":"Jianing Tang, Sang Hun Chung, Maria Gamez, Tianrui Zhao, Michael S. Wolf, Dilip K. Pandey, Philip B. Gorelick, Lirong Yan","doi":"10.1002/jmri.70218","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jmri.70218","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Dysfunction of cerebral perforating arteries is a major contributor to cerebral small vessel disease. Developing a reliable MRI technique for assessing cerebral perforating arteries on widely accessible 3T systems would be advantageous.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Purpose</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To evaluate the feasibility and reliability of dual-velocity encoding (dual-VENC) PC-MRI at 3T for assessing pulsatility of cerebral perforating arteries.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Study Type</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Prospective.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Subjects</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Twelve healthy young adults (2 female, 24.0 ± 3.99 years) and 31 older adults with and without vascular risk factors (21 female, 67.72 ± 8.48 years).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Field Strength/Sequence</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Dual-VENC 2D PC-MRI at 3T and 7T.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Assessment</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The number of perforators (N<sub>perforator</sub>) and pulsatility index (PI) measured using 3T dual-VENC PC-MRI were evaluated through test–retest and comparison against those by 7T dual-VENC PC-MRI on the younger participants. The associations of PI and N<sub>perforator</sub> with age, cognition, and vascular risk factors were investigated in the elderly cohort.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Statistical Tests</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Paired <i>t</i>-tests, two-sample <i>t</i>-tests, Bland–Altman analysis, coefficient of variation (CV), Shapiro–Wilk Test, one-way ANOVA, and multivariable regression models. Significance level: 0.05.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>3T dual-VENC PC-MRI provided better reproducibility with CV values of 10% and 14% for PI and N<sub>perforator</sub>, respectively, compared to single VENCs (high VENC: 21% and 21%, low VENC: 13% and 14%). 3T dual-VENC PC-MRI showed no significant difference in N<sub>perforator</sub> and PI measurements with 7T dual-VENC (<i>p</i> = 0.16, 0.38, respectively). Among the older participants, aging and cognitive impairment were both significantly associated with increased PI but not with N<sub>perforator</sub> (<i>p</i> = 0.17 and 0.365); global vascular risk burden, as well as individual vascular risk factors, including pulse pres","PeriodicalId":16140,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging","volume":"63 5","pages":"1246-1256"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12990146/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145843986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-04-09Epub Date: 2026-01-16DOI: 10.1002/jmri.70235
Qian Liu, Cao Li, Wan-yin Qi, Min Tang, Yong Luo, Xiao-yong Zhang, Liang Zhong, Jing Chen
<div> <section> <h3> Background</h3> <p>Impaired myocardial microvascular function may promote cardiac remodeling (CR) and myocardial fibrosis (MF), increasing cardiovascular risks in athletes. Early assessment of myocardial microcirculatory perfusion presents potential for improving athlete care.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Purpose</h3> <p>To evaluate the characteristics of myocardial microvascular function in athletes using resting cardiac MRI first-pass perfusion.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Study Type</h3> <p>Prospective.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Population</h3> <p>One hundred and eighty-six athletes (median age 24 years, range 18–57; 167 males; mean 10 h/week exercise for 5 years) and 43 controls (median age 25 years, range 21–56; 35 males; < 3 h/week exercise).</p> </section> <section> <h3> Field Strength/Sequence</h3> <p>Balanced steady-state free precession, gradient echo sequence, and phase sensitive inversion recovery late gadolinium enhancement sequences at 3.0 T.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Assessment</h3> <p>CR was defined as any cardiac parameters exceeding the 99th percentile upper reference limits. MF was visually evaluated by three independent radiologists. Left ventricular resting first-pass perfusion parameters were assessed and compared across different groups. A predictive model was developed to screen athletes with and without CR/MF.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Statistical Tests</h3> <p>Univariate analysis and Pearson coefficient were used. Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was used to assess the performance of the predictive model. A <i>p</i> < 0.05 was considered significant.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Results</h3> <p>Athletes exhibited lower upslope (2.12 [1.72; 2.56] vs. 2.77 [1.94; 3.22]) and maximum signal intensity (MaxSI) (20.8 [18.3; 23.6] vs. 29.5 [26.8; 33.0]), longer time to maximum signal intensity (TTM) (35.1 [31.0; 47.7] vs. 29.5 [26.8; 33.0] s) than controls. Male athletes with CR and/or MF showed lower upslope (1.54 [1.29; 1.96] vs. 1.94 [1.62; 2.43]) and MaxSI (18.0 [15.5; 21.7] vs. 21.2 [19.0; 23.5]), higher TTM (40.3 [31.5; 53.9] vs. 34.5 [29.0; 44.0] s) than those without. These perfusion parameters of athletes showed a negative correlation with global T2 mapping, QRS and corrected QT interval (<i>r</i> = −0.210 to −0.292)
{"title":"Assessment of Myocardial Microvascular Function in Athletes Using Resting Cardiac Magnetic Resonance First-Pass Perfusion","authors":"Qian Liu, Cao Li, Wan-yin Qi, Min Tang, Yong Luo, Xiao-yong Zhang, Liang Zhong, Jing Chen","doi":"10.1002/jmri.70235","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jmri.70235","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Impaired myocardial microvascular function may promote cardiac remodeling (CR) and myocardial fibrosis (MF), increasing cardiovascular risks in athletes. Early assessment of myocardial microcirculatory perfusion presents potential for improving athlete care.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Purpose</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To evaluate the characteristics of myocardial microvascular function in athletes using resting cardiac MRI first-pass perfusion.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Study Type</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Prospective.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Population</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>One hundred and eighty-six athletes (median age 24 years, range 18–57; 167 males; mean 10 h/week exercise for 5 years) and 43 controls (median age 25 years, range 21–56; 35 males; < 3 h/week exercise).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Field Strength/Sequence</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Balanced steady-state free precession, gradient echo sequence, and phase sensitive inversion recovery late gadolinium enhancement sequences at 3.0 T.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Assessment</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>CR was defined as any cardiac parameters exceeding the 99th percentile upper reference limits. MF was visually evaluated by three independent radiologists. Left ventricular resting first-pass perfusion parameters were assessed and compared across different groups. A predictive model was developed to screen athletes with and without CR/MF.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Statistical Tests</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Univariate analysis and Pearson coefficient were used. Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was used to assess the performance of the predictive model. A <i>p</i> < 0.05 was considered significant.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Athletes exhibited lower upslope (2.12 [1.72; 2.56] vs. 2.77 [1.94; 3.22]) and maximum signal intensity (MaxSI) (20.8 [18.3; 23.6] vs. 29.5 [26.8; 33.0]), longer time to maximum signal intensity (TTM) (35.1 [31.0; 47.7] vs. 29.5 [26.8; 33.0] s) than controls. Male athletes with CR and/or MF showed lower upslope (1.54 [1.29; 1.96] vs. 1.94 [1.62; 2.43]) and MaxSI (18.0 [15.5; 21.7] vs. 21.2 [19.0; 23.5]), higher TTM (40.3 [31.5; 53.9] vs. 34.5 [29.0; 44.0] s) than those without. These perfusion parameters of athletes showed a negative correlation with global T2 mapping, QRS and corrected QT interval (<i>r</i> = −0.210 to −0.292)","PeriodicalId":16140,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging","volume":"63 5","pages":"1348-1362"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145989638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-04-09Epub Date: 2026-01-16DOI: 10.1002/jmri.70241
Ioannis Koktzoglou
{"title":"Editorial for “Assessment of Myocardial Microvascular Function in Athletes Using Resting Cardiac Magnetic Resonance First-Pass Perfusion”","authors":"Ioannis Koktzoglou","doi":"10.1002/jmri.70241","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jmri.70241","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16140,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging","volume":"63 5","pages":"1363-1364"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145989714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-04-09Epub Date: 2026-01-22DOI: 10.1002/jmri.70240
Yiwen Gong, Haikun Qi, Sha Hua
{"title":"Editorial for “Cardiac MR Fingerprinting at 0.55T Using a Deep Image Prior for Joint T1, T2, and M0 Mapping”","authors":"Yiwen Gong, Haikun Qi, Sha Hua","doi":"10.1002/jmri.70240","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jmri.70240","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16140,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging","volume":"63 5","pages":"1378-1379"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146018516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-04-09Epub Date: 2026-01-24DOI: 10.1002/jmri.70246
Tao Li, Lei Zhang, Hongwei Zhou
{"title":"Editorial for “Outcome Assessment in Stroke Using Multiparametric MRI: Integrating Infarct Location, Radiomics, and Global Brain Frailty”","authors":"Tao Li, Lei Zhang, Hongwei Zhou","doi":"10.1002/jmri.70246","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jmri.70246","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16140,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging","volume":"63 5","pages":"1321-1322"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146044173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-04-09Epub Date: 2026-03-07DOI: 10.1002/jmri.70279
Stefano Mandija, Khin Khin Tha, Nitish Katoch, Cihan Göksu, Ulrich Katscher, Rosalind Sadleir, Kyu-Jin Jung, Jierong Luo, Ilias I. Giannakopoulos, Dong-Hyun Kim, Karin Shmueli, Riccardo Lattanzi, Yusuf Ziya Ider, Axel Thielscher, Cornelis van den Berg
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has emerged as a noninvasive technique for probing the electrical properties of biological tissues: electrical conductivity and relative permittivity. This review focuses on the electrical conductivity and provides a comprehensive overview of applications across both low- and high-frequency regimes. At low frequencies (below 1 MHz), conductivity mapping primarily reflects tissue microstructure and ionic composition. In contrast, at high frequencies (around 100 MHz), tissue conductivity primarily reflects ionic composition. First, we summarize the theoretical foundations, technical developments, and reconstruction algorithms that underpin conductivity imaging, highlighting advances in magnetic resonance electrical impedance tomography, current density imaging, and electrical properties tomography. The main part of the article discusses preclinical and clinical applications, demonstrating the potential and possible roles of conductivity imaging in clinical settings, along with current challenges and emerging applications. Finally, we outline future directions toward integrating conductivity imaging into routine MRI protocols, with the potential to enhance diagnostic precision and therapeutic monitoring.
{"title":"Clinical Applications of Electrical Conductivity Imaging Using MRI","authors":"Stefano Mandija, Khin Khin Tha, Nitish Katoch, Cihan Göksu, Ulrich Katscher, Rosalind Sadleir, Kyu-Jin Jung, Jierong Luo, Ilias I. Giannakopoulos, Dong-Hyun Kim, Karin Shmueli, Riccardo Lattanzi, Yusuf Ziya Ider, Axel Thielscher, Cornelis van den Berg","doi":"10.1002/jmri.70279","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jmri.70279","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has emerged as a noninvasive technique for probing the electrical properties of biological tissues: electrical conductivity and relative permittivity. This review focuses on the electrical conductivity and provides a comprehensive overview of applications across both low- and high-frequency regimes. At low frequencies (below 1 MHz), conductivity mapping primarily reflects tissue microstructure and ionic composition. In contrast, at high frequencies (around 100 MHz), tissue conductivity primarily reflects ionic composition. First, we summarize the theoretical foundations, technical developments, and reconstruction algorithms that underpin conductivity imaging, highlighting advances in magnetic resonance electrical impedance tomography, current density imaging, and electrical properties tomography. The main part of the article discusses preclinical and clinical applications, demonstrating the potential and possible roles of conductivity imaging in clinical settings, along with current challenges and emerging applications. Finally, we outline future directions toward integrating conductivity imaging into routine MRI protocols, with the potential to enhance diagnostic precision and therapeutic monitoring.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Evidence Level</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>1.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Technical Efficacy</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Stage 3.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16140,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging","volume":"63 5","pages":"1224-1245"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13066538/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147372709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-04-09Epub Date: 2026-01-22DOI: 10.1002/jmri.70239
Zhongnan Liu, Zexuan Liu, Imran Rashid, Mauricio Stanzione Galizia, Christopher Scoma, William Truesdell, Prachi Agarwal, Nicole Seiberlich, Liyue Shen, Jesse Hamilton
<div> <section> <h3> Background</h3> <p>0.55T systems offer unique advantages and may support expanded access to cardiac MRI.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Purpose</h3> <p>To assess the feasibility of 0.55T cardiac MR Fingerprinting (MRF), leveraging a deep image prior reconstruction to mitigate noise.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Study Type</h3> <p>Phantom and prospective in vivo assessment.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Population</h3> <p>ISMRM/NIST MRI system phantom and 18 healthy subjects (11 female; ages 28 ± 8 years).</p> </section> <section> <h3> Field Strength and Sequences</h3> <p>MRF, modified Look-Locker inversion recovery (MOLLI), and T<sub>2</sub>-prepared balanced steady state free precession (T<sub>2</sub>-bSSFP) at 0.55T.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Assessment</h3> <p>MRF T<sub>1</sub> and T<sub>2</sub> maps were reconstructed using (1) a low-rank technique with sparse and locally low-rank regularization (SLLR-MRF) and (2) a deep image prior (DIP-MRF). Accuracy and precision of MRF and conventional sequences were evaluated in a phantom. In vivo performance of MRF was evaluated in the 18 healthy subjects, with 7 subjects also undergoing conventional mapping. Myocardial T<sub>1</sub> and T<sub>2</sub> values were compared among methods and image quality scored by three readers (2, 3, and 4 years of experience) on a 5-point scale.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Statistical Tests</h3> <p>Linear regression, Bland–Altman, intraclass correlation coefficient, and one-way ANOVA with <i>p</i> < 0.05 considered significant.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Results</h3> <p>Mean measurements in the left ventricular septum were 671 ± 31 ms (MOLLI), 761 ± 147 ms (SLLR-MRF), and 686 ± 39 ms (DIP-MRF) for T<sub>1</sub>, and 63.5 ± 5.7 ms (T<sub>2</sub>-bSSFP), 47.5 ± 12.7 ms (SLLR-MRF), and 45.2 ± 4.5 ms (DIP-MRF) for T<sub>2</sub>. Compared to conventional mapping, DIP-MRF exhibited significantly lower T<sub>2</sub> but no differences in T<sub>1</sub> (<i>p</i> > 0.99). Standard deviations within the myocardium were significantly lower with DIP-MRF compared to SLLR-MRF (39 vs. 147 ms for T<sub>1</sub> and 4.5 vs. 12.7 ms for T<sub>2</sub>). O
背景：0.55T系统具有独特的优势，可以支持扩大心脏MRI的使用范围。目的：评估0.55T心脏MR指纹识别（MRF）的可行性，利用深度图像先验重建来减轻噪声。研究类型：幻影和前瞻性体内评估。人群：ISMRM/NIST MRI系统幻影和18名健康受试者（11名女性，年龄28±8岁）。场强和序列：0.55T时的MRF、改进的Look-Locker反演恢复（MOLLI）和t2制备的平衡稳态自由进动（T2-bSSFP）。评估：MRF T1和T2地图重建使用(1)低秩稀疏和局部低秩正则化技术（SLLR-MRF）和(2)深度图像先验（DIP-MRF）。在假体中评估了磁共振成像和常规序列的准确性和精密度。在18名健康受试者中评估了磁共振成像的体内性能，其中7名受试者也进行了常规制图。心肌T1和T2值比较方法和图像质量评分的三个读者（2,3和4年的经验）在5分制。统计学检验：线性回归、Bland-Altman、类内相关系数、单因素方差分析p结果：T1左室间隔平均测量值为671±31 ms （MOLLI）、761±147 ms （SLLR-MRF）、686±39 ms (DIP-MRF)； T2左室间隔平均测量值为63.5±5.7 ms （T2- bssfp）、47.5±12.7 ms （SLLR-MRF）、45.2±4.5 ms （DIP-MRF）。与常规定位相比，DIP-MRF显示T2明显降低，但T1无差异（p < 0.99）。与SLLR-MRF相比，DIP-MRF在心肌内的标准差显著降低（T1为39 vs 147 ms， T2为4.5 vs 12.7 ms）。SLLR-MRF的整体图像质量评分（T1: 2.3, T2: 2.9）明显低于常规制图方法（T1: 3.4, T2: 3.9）， DIP-MRF （T1: 3.8, T2: 4.1）得分较高。数据结论：本研究证明了心脏MRF在商用0.55T系统上的可行性，该系统通过深度图像先验重建进行去噪。证据等级：2。技术功效阶段：
{"title":"Cardiac MR Fingerprinting at 0.55T Using a Deep Image Prior for Joint T1, T2, and M0 Mapping","authors":"Zhongnan Liu, Zexuan Liu, Imran Rashid, Mauricio Stanzione Galizia, Christopher Scoma, William Truesdell, Prachi Agarwal, Nicole Seiberlich, Liyue Shen, Jesse Hamilton","doi":"10.1002/jmri.70239","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jmri.70239","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>0.55T systems offer unique advantages and may support expanded access to cardiac MRI.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Purpose</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To assess the feasibility of 0.55T cardiac MR Fingerprinting (MRF), leveraging a deep image prior reconstruction to mitigate noise.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Study Type</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Phantom and prospective in vivo assessment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Population</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>ISMRM/NIST MRI system phantom and 18 healthy subjects (11 female; ages 28 ± 8 years).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Field Strength and Sequences</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>MRF, modified Look-Locker inversion recovery (MOLLI), and T<sub>2</sub>-prepared balanced steady state free precession (T<sub>2</sub>-bSSFP) at 0.55T.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Assessment</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>MRF T<sub>1</sub> and T<sub>2</sub> maps were reconstructed using (1) a low-rank technique with sparse and locally low-rank regularization (SLLR-MRF) and (2) a deep image prior (DIP-MRF). Accuracy and precision of MRF and conventional sequences were evaluated in a phantom. In vivo performance of MRF was evaluated in the 18 healthy subjects, with 7 subjects also undergoing conventional mapping. Myocardial T<sub>1</sub> and T<sub>2</sub> values were compared among methods and image quality scored by three readers (2, 3, and 4 years of experience) on a 5-point scale.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Statistical Tests</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Linear regression, Bland–Altman, intraclass correlation coefficient, and one-way ANOVA with <i>p</i> < 0.05 considered significant.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Mean measurements in the left ventricular septum were 671 ± 31 ms (MOLLI), 761 ± 147 ms (SLLR-MRF), and 686 ± 39 ms (DIP-MRF) for T<sub>1</sub>, and 63.5 ± 5.7 ms (T<sub>2</sub>-bSSFP), 47.5 ± 12.7 ms (SLLR-MRF), and 45.2 ± 4.5 ms (DIP-MRF) for T<sub>2</sub>. Compared to conventional mapping, DIP-MRF exhibited significantly lower T<sub>2</sub> but no differences in T<sub>1</sub> (<i>p</i> > 0.99). Standard deviations within the myocardium were significantly lower with DIP-MRF compared to SLLR-MRF (39 vs. 147 ms for T<sub>1</sub> and 4.5 vs. 12.7 ms for T<sub>2</sub>). O","PeriodicalId":16140,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging","volume":"63 5","pages":"1365-1377"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13066516/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146018518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-04-09Epub Date: 2025-12-30DOI: 10.1002/jmri.70222
Scotty G. McKay, Yongsheng Chen, E. Mark Haacke, Yang Xuan, Aimee F. Luat, Csaba Juhász
<div> <section> <h3> Background</h3> <p>Sturge-Weber syndrome (SWS) is a rare neurocutaneous disorder associated with venous capillary malformations, atrophy, and calcifications. Longitudinal imaging is limited by risks of sedation and gadolinium exposure in children.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Purpose</h3> <p>To evaluate whether strategically acquired gradient echo (STAGE), a rapid multi-contrast quantitative MRI method, can reliably detect vascular and parenchymal abnormalities in SWS compared with conventional pre-/post-contrast MRI.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Study Type</h3> <p>Observational cross-sectional.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Population</h3> <p>Twenty-two patients with unilateral SWS diagnosed by previous MRI (13 female; ages 2–24 years).</p> </section> <section> <h3> Field Strength/Sequence</h3> <p>3T/T1-weighted (T1W) and T2-weighted (T2W) turbo-spin-echo, fluid attenuated inversion recovery, and a 3D gradient echo-based STAGE sequence providing T1, proton density (PD), T2*, and R2* maps, susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI), quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM), T1W with enhanced gray matter to white matter contrast (T1WE), and synthetic images of T2W, FLAIR, and gradient echo images.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Assessment</h3> <p>Conventional MRI and STAGE images were reviewed in 10 patients (training group), side-by-side, to determine the STAGE-derived images that identify SWS abnormalities, including leptomeningeal venous capillary malformations (LVCM), enlarged deep medullary veins, choroid plexus enlargement, cerebral atrophy, and calcifications. In the remaining test group of 12 patients, three reviewers scored these abnormalities on STAGE images and compared them with scores from conventional MRI.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Statistical Tests</h3> <p>Interrater reliability with intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), Spearman's rank correlation, Wilcoxon signed-ranked test, Mann–Whitney <i>U</i>-test, Fisher's exact test. Statistical significance level was set as <i>p</i> < 0.05.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Results</h3> <p>LVCMs were visualized on STAGE with SWI and R2*. Calcifications were different
背景：斯特奇-韦伯综合征（SWS）是一种罕见的神经皮肤疾病，与静脉毛细血管畸形、萎缩和钙化有关。纵向成像受到儿童镇静和钆暴露风险的限制。目的：评价策略性获得梯度回声（STAGE），一种快速的多对比定量MRI方法，与常规的造影前/造影后MRI相比，是否能可靠地检测SWS的血管和实质异常。研究类型：观察性横断面。人群：既往MRI诊断单侧SWS患者22例（女性13例，年龄2-24岁）。场强/序列：3T/T1加权（T1W）和T2加权（T2W）涡轮自旋回波、流体衰减反演恢复和基于三维梯度回波的STAGE序列，提供T1、质子密度（PD）、T2*和R2*图、敏感性加权成像（SWI）、定量敏感性成像（QSM）、T1W增强灰质与白质对比（T1WE），以及T2W、FLAIR和梯度回波图像的合成图像。评估：对10例患者（训练组）的常规MRI和STAGE图像进行对比，以确定识别SWS异常的STAGE衍生图像，包括小脑膜静脉毛细血管畸形（LVCM）、深部髓静脉增大、脉络膜丛增大、脑萎缩和钙化。在剩下的12名患者的试验组中，三位评论者对STAGE图像上的这些异常进行评分，并将其与常规MRI评分进行比较。统计检验：类内相关系数（ICC）信度、Spearman秩相关、Wilcoxon符号秩检验、Mann-Whitney u检验、Fisher精确检验。结果：用SWI和R2*在STAGE上显示lvcm。通过PD、T1WE、合成梯度回波和QSM鉴别钙化与静脉异常。分期评分具有出色的评分间信度（ICCs > 0.90），与常规MRI评分相似，尽管在某些病例中存在微小差异（常规MRI与分期评分8.9 vs 8.7, p = 0.29）。数据结论：STAGE提供快速、非对比、多参数成像，可靠地检测常规MRI上的血管和实质SWS异常。证据等级：2。技术功效：第3阶段。
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