Microbiological research最新文献_第5页

Regulatory effect of fadR on the inhibition of Aspergillus flavus infection of walnut kernels by Enterobacter ludwigii AA4 fadR对路德维希肠杆菌AA4对核桃仁黄曲霉侵染的抑制作用

IF 6.9 1区生物学 Q1 MICROBIOLOGY

Microbiological research

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2025.128402

Zhibo Yuan , Yibo Zan , Xu Li , Bin Lu , Yanjie Chao , Xinwu Xiong , Yanpo Yao , Di Wu , Ben Niu , Dong Pei

Mycotoxin contamination of nuts, frequently attributed to inappropriate storage, causes substantial economic losses and health concerns globally. Biological control using beneficial microorganisms has emerged as an environment friendly method for efficient mitigation of Aspergillus flavus pollution and consequent mycotoxin elimination in foodstuffs. Nevertheless, the exact mechanisms by which these biocontrol microbes protect nuts from this toxigenic fungus remain largely unknown. Using a fungal infection assay, we observed a remarkable inhibitory effect of Enterobacter ludwigii AA4 against the growth of A. flavus colonizing walnut kernels and aflatoxin B₁ production. Mutant E. ludwigii AA4 strains, generated by genetically modifying five biofilm-related genes, notably fadR (which encodes a transcriptional regulator), exhibited significantly impaired biofilm development and reduced efficacy in suppressing A. flavus. These results indicated that biofilm establishment is indispensable for the inhibitory effect of E. ludwigii AA4 against A. flavus. We further investigated the kernel colonization of fadR knockout mutant, which exhibited the most pronounced reduction in biofilm formation, via colony counting and laser scanning confocal microscopy. We found that fadR contributed to the suppression of A. flavus by influencing bacterial biofilm production and kernel settlement. Gene expression analysis and site-directed mutagenesis revealed that fadR modulated biofilm development by negatively regulating the transcription of rcsA, an auxiliary protein gene within the Rcs phosphorelay system, potentially by influencing acetyl phosphate-mediated RcsB phosphorylation. These findings highlight the potential of AA4 in the biological control of A. flavus contamination in walnut kernels.

坚果的霉菌毒素污染通常归因于储存不当，在全球造成重大经济损失和健康问题。利用有益微生物进行生物防治已成为一种有效减轻食品中黄曲霉污染和随之消除霉菌毒素的环境友好型方法。然而，这些生物防治微生物保护坚果免受这种产毒真菌侵害的确切机制在很大程度上仍然未知。通过真菌感染实验，我们观察到路德维希肠杆菌AA4对黄曲霉定殖核桃仁的生长和黄曲霉毒素B1的产生有显著的抑制作用。通过基因修饰5个生物膜相关基因（尤其是编码转录调控因子的fadR）而产生的突变株ludwigii AA4，其生物膜发育明显受损，抑制黄曲霉的效果降低。这些结果表明，生物膜的建立是路德维希菌AA4对黄曲霉产生抑制作用的必要条件。我们通过菌落计数和激光扫描共聚焦显微镜进一步研究了fadR敲除突变体的内核定植，该突变体表现出最明显的生物膜形成减少。我们发现，fadR通过影响细菌生物膜的生成和果仁沉降来抑制黄曲霉的生长。基因表达分析和位点定向诱变表明，fadR通过负调控Rcs磷酸化接力系统中的辅助蛋白基因rcsA的转录，可能通过影响乙酰磷酸介导的RcsB磷酸化来调节生物膜的发育。这些发现突出了AA4在生物防治黄曲霉污染核桃仁中的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Trichoderma bio-organic fertilizer modulates the rhizosphere microbiome and Bacillus-assisted plant hormone regulation to promote pear rootstock growth 木霉生物有机肥调节根际微生物群和芽孢杆菌辅助植物激素调节促进梨砧木生长

IF 6.9 1区生物学 Q1 MICROBIOLOGY

Microbiological research

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2025.128400

Peigen Li , Yujie Shi , Yujie Zhao , Xiaotong Lu , Jingtao Duan , Qingsong Yang , Yangchun Xu , Xiaogang Li , Caixia Dong , Zhonghua Wang , Qirong Shen

Growth of container-grown Pyrus calleryana is often containered in heavy clay soils. Trichoderma-based bio-organic fertilizer (BOF) can improve seedling performance, yet how BOF mobilizes microbiome-hormone interactions under such conditions remains unclear. Here, we conducted a pot experiment with three treatments— water control (CK), 10 % (v/v) BOF and 20 % (v/v) BOF—under controlled conditions to assess plant growth, root hormone profiles, and rhizosphere communities. With 20 % BOF, seedling height, root length and root biomass increased (up to +131 %, +160 % and +165 %), bacterial diversity rose, and Firmicutes/Actinobacteria were enriched with an 8.3-fold increase of Bacillus. The ferment filtrates supported growth of the isolated Bacillus. Across treatments, Bacillus abundance correlated positively with indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and isopentenyladenine (IP) and negatively with abscisic acid (ABA) (P < 0.05). Consistently, co-inoculation of Trichoderma and Bacillus increased IAA/IP and reduced ABA (P < 0.05), yielding stronger growth responses than single inoculations. These findings outline a BOF-mediated path in which Trichoderma-guided microbiome restructuring, together with a Trichoderma-responsive Bacillus, rebalances IAA/IP/ABA and promotes pear rootstock growth.

容器生长的梨在重质粘土中生长。基于木霉的生物有机肥（BOF）可以提高幼苗性能，但BOF如何在这种条件下调动微生物-激素相互作用尚不清楚。本研究采用盆栽试验方法，在控制条件下，采用水分控制（CK）、10 % (v/v) BOF和20 % (v/v) BOF三种处理，对植物生长、根激素分布和根际群落进行了评价。当BOF为20 %时，幼苗高、根长和根生物量增加（分别为+131 %、+160 %和+165 %），细菌多样性增加，其中厚壁菌门/放线菌门数量增加8.3倍。发酵滤液支持分离的芽孢杆菌生长。芽孢杆菌丰度与吲哚-3-乙酸（IAA）和异戊烯腺嘌呤（IP）呈正相关，与脱落酸（ABA）呈负相关（P <； 0.05）。同样，木霉和芽孢杆菌共接种提高了IAA/IP，降低了ABA (P <； 0.05)，比单独接种产生更强的生长反应。这些发现概述了一种由bof介导的途径，其中木霉引导的微生物组重组与木霉响应芽孢杆菌一起，重新平衡IAA/IP/ABA并促进梨砧木生长。

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引用次数: 0

Genomic and functional analysis of Pseudomonas protegens CS11 reveals multifaceted biocontrol mechanisms against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum via antifungal metabolites, root colonisation and plant defence induction in tomato 假单胞菌蛋白CS11的基因组和功能分析揭示了番茄菌核病的多重生物防治机制，包括抗真菌代谢产物、根定植和植物防御诱导

IF 6.9 1区生物学 Q1 MICROBIOLOGY

Microbiological research

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2025.128399

Aida Nabila Rahim , Gwo Rong Wong , Kah Ooi Chua , Kausalyaa Kaliapan , Jennifer Ann Harikrishna , Siah Ying Tang , Bey Hing Goh , Purabi Mazumdar

Sclerotinia sclerotiorum is one of many fungal pathogens that threaten global crop production. Antagonistic rhizobacteria have emerged as promising eco-friendly alternatives to synthetic pesticides that can be deployed for effective and sustainable management of the fungal disease. From 60 rhizobacterial strains isolated in this study, eight were able to inhibit the in vitro growth of S. sclerotiorum. Among these, strain CS11 exhibited complete (100 %) inhibition and demonstrated multiple plant growth-promoting traits, including siderophore production, nitrogen assimilation, phosphate solubilisation, and lytic enzyme activity. Motility and root colonisation assays confirmed CS11 to have high motility and efficient rhizosphere establishment. Molecular identification using 16S rRNA sequencing and Multi-locus sequence analysis identified CS11 as Pseudomonas protegens. Whole-genome sequencing revealed gene clusters for key antifungal metabolites, including 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol, pyoluteorin, pyrrolnitrin, hydrogen cyanide, and orfamides, widely associated with Pseudomonas spp. Although closely related to P. protegens CHA0, CS11 has additional coding sequences associated with protease production (thermostable alkaline protease), root colonisation (cyclic di-GMP phosphodiesterase), and rhizosphere fitness (quorum-sensing-related genes), highlighting its novelty and strong biocontrol potential. In greenhouse trials, treatment of S. sclerotiorum-infected tomato plants with CS11 led to complete suppression of disease progression and significantly enhanced plant height and chlorophyll content. Compared to untreated infected plants, CS11-treated plants had elevated GLU, Chi, PAL, and PPO activities, and RT-qPCR analysis demonstrated upregulation of salicylic acid (PR1, PR2, PR5) and jasmonic acid (PR3, PR4, PDF1.2, VSP2) pathway genes. Collectively, these findings establish P. protegens CS11 as a promising candidate for the development of biopesticides to control fungal pathogens and enhance plant defence.

菌核菌是威胁全球作物生产的众多真菌病原体之一。拮抗根瘤菌已成为合成农药的有前途的环保替代品，可用于有效和可持续的真菌疾病管理。从本研究分离的60株根瘤菌中，有8株能够抑制菌核葡萄球菌的体外生长。其中，菌株CS11表现出完全抑制作用（100% %），并表现出多种促进植物生长的性状，包括铁载体产生、氮同化、磷酸盐溶解和裂解酶活性。运动性和根定植试验证实CS11具有高运动性和有效的根际建立。通过16S rRNA测序和多位点序列分析，鉴定CS11为假单胞菌蛋白。全基因组测序揭示了关键抗真菌代谢物的基因簇，包括2,4-二乙酰间苯三酚、pyoluteorin、pyrrolnitrin、氰化氢和orfamides，它们与假单胞菌广泛相关。尽管与P. protegens CHA0密切相关，CS11还具有与蛋白酶产生（耐热碱性蛋白酶）、根定植（环二gmp磷酸二酯酶）和根际适应性（群体感知相关基因）相关的额外编码序列。突出其新颖性和强大的生物防治潜力。在温室试验中，用CS11处理菌核葡萄球菌感染的番茄植株，可以完全抑制疾病进展，显著提高植株高度和叶绿素含量。与未处理的植物相比，cs11处理的植物GLU、Chi、PAL和PPO活性升高，RT-qPCR分析显示水杨酸（PR1、PR2、PR5）和茉莉酸（PR3、PR4、PDF1.2、VSP2）途径基因上调。总之，这些发现确定了P. protegens CS11是开发生物农药的一个有希望的候选者，以控制真菌病原体和增强植物防御。

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引用次数: 0

Faecalibacterium prausnitzii suppresses ovarian cancer by inducing ferroptosis via phenylalanine metabolism activation prausnitzii粪杆菌通过苯丙氨酸代谢激活诱导铁下垂抑制卵巢癌

IF 6.9 1区生物学 Q1 MICROBIOLOGY

Microbiological research

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2025.128342

Kaiyue Ding , Yuexue Huo , Kangzhe Fu , Yingting Chen , Lunyue Xia , Junhao Zhan , Jiahua Liu , Jiayu Liu , Yudi Liu , Mingyang Zhang , Xingchen Wu , HyokChol Choe , Danping Zhao , Junnan Ma , Chunmei Dai , Zhenlong Yu , Yulin Peng , Xiaochi Ma , Lin Zhang

Ovarian cancer (OC) is a highly lethal gynecologic malignancy characterized by limited availability of treatment options and frequent recurrence. The gut microbiota has emerged as a key regulator of tumor progression; however, the anticancer potential of individual probiotic species remains insufficiently characterized and warrants further investigation. Ferroptosis is a regulated iron-dependent cell death with therapeutic potential in cancer. In this study, we initially observed that the traditional herbal pair, Scutellaria barbata D. Don (SB) and Scleromitrion diffusum (Wild) R.J. Wang (SD) exerted antitumor effects in a mouse model of OC, which was accompanied by a marked increase in the abundance of Faecalibacterium prausnitzii (F.prausnitzii) — a beneficial commensal bacterium not previously associated with cancer or ferroptosis. This observation prompted us to explore the functional role of F.prausnitzii in OC and revealed that it significantly suppressed ovarian tumor growth both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, F.prausnitzii treatment elevated Fe²⁺ levels, increased lipid peroxidation, and depleted glutathione (GSH), which are hallmarks of ferroptosis. Transcriptomic analysis of tumor tissues from F.prausnitzii-treated mice identified ferroptosis and metal ion homeostasis pathways as major regulatory networks. Furthermore, metabolomic profiling revealed the activation of phenylalanine metabolism and increased production of phenylacetylglutamine (PAGln), suggesting a microbiota-metabolite axis contributing to ferroptosis induction. Our findings reveal that F.prausnitzii represents a novel ferroptosis-inducing probiotic with potent antitumor activity in OC. This study reveals a previously unrecognized role for this gut commensal and provides a mechanistic basis for the development of microbiota-based, ferroptosis-targeted therapeutic strategies in oncology.

卵巢癌（OC）是一种高度致命的妇科恶性肿瘤，其特点是治疗选择有限，复发频繁。肠道微生物群已成为肿瘤进展的关键调节因子；然而，单个益生菌物种的抗癌潜力仍然不够充分，需要进一步研究。铁下垂是一种受调节的铁依赖性细胞死亡，具有治疗癌症的潜力。在这项研究中，我们最初观察到传统的草药对，黄芩（Scutellaria barbata D. Don， SB）和弥漫性白僵菌（scleroomitrion diffusum, Wild） R.J. Wang （SD）在OC小鼠模型中发挥抗肿瘤作用，同时伴随着Faecalibacterium prausnitzii （f.p prausnitzii）丰度的显著增加，Faecalibacterium prausnitzii是一种有益的共生细菌，以前与癌症或铁中毒无关。这一观察结果促使我们探索F.prausnitzii在卵巢癌中的功能作用，并发现其在体外和体内均能显著抑制卵巢肿瘤的生长。在机制上，F.prausnitzii处理升高了Fe 2 +水平，增加了脂质过氧化和谷胱甘肽（GSH）的消耗，这些都是铁死亡的标志。通过对prausnitzii治疗小鼠肿瘤组织的转录组学分析，发现铁凋亡和金属离子稳态通路是主要的调控网络。此外，代谢组学分析显示苯丙氨酸代谢的激活和苯乙酰谷氨酰胺（PAGln）的产生增加，表明微生物代谢轴有助于诱导铁下垂。我们的研究结果表明，F.prausnitzii是一种新的诱导铁中毒的益生菌，在OC中具有很强的抗肿瘤活性。这项研究揭示了这种肠道共生体以前未被认识到的作用，并为开发基于微生物群的肿瘤中以铁中毒为目标的治疗策略提供了机制基础。

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引用次数: 0

Genome-centric culture-enriched metagenomics reveals temperature-driven reassembly and functional stratification in culturable desert soil bacteria 以基因组为中心的培养富集元基因组学揭示了可培养沙漠土壤细菌的温度驱动重组和功能分层。

IF 6.9 1区生物学 Q1 MICROBIOLOGY

Microbiological research

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2025.128411

Shuai Li , Xin-Ran Wang , Jia-Rui Han , Wen-Hui Lian , Mukhtiar Ali , Yong-Hong Liu , Jun Liu , Jie Huang , Huan-Huan He , Rajivgandhi Govindan , Osama Abdalla Abdelshafy Mohamad , Bao-Zhu Fang , Lei Dong , Wen-Jun Li

Desert ecosystems cover nearly one-third of Earth’s land surface and face rising temperatures and climatic variability. Soil microbiomes underpin biogeochemical cycling and ecosystem resilience in these arid landscapes, yet the genome-resolved temperature responses of their culturable fraction remain poorly understood. Here, we employed genome-centric culture-enriched metagenomics (CE-MGS) to rhizosphere and bulk desert soils from the Gurbantunggut Desert incubated at 15°C, 30°C, and 45°C. From 90 culture-enriched metagenomes, we reconstructed 1184 cultivated metagenome-assembled genomes (cMAGs), including 218 putative novel genomospecies across 73 bacterial genera, substantially expanding the genomic representation of desert bacteria. Temperature influenced both community composition and interactions, with Actinomycetota, Pseudomonadota, and Bacillota dominating at 15°C, 30°C, and 45°C, respectively. Co-occurrence networks showed that lower temperatures and rhizosphere soils supported more interconnected consortia of culturable bacteria and that key hub taxa shifted across thermal regimes, reflecting temperature-driven reorganization of interactions within the culturable microbial community. Functional profiling revealed that temperature selected for specialized taxa, with elevated temperatures favoring redox-efficient pathways and more energy-efficient resource use. While representing only the culturable fraction of desert soil microbiomes, CE-MGS enables genome reconstruction of experimentally tractable microbes, linking identity, function, and thermal adaptation. These results provide a genome-resolved view of temperature responses, extend understanding of desert microbial adaptation beyond previous culture-independent studies, and establish CE-MGS as a practical approach to access ecologically relevant microbes for conservation and biotechnological applications under a warming climate.

沙漠生态系统覆盖了地球近三分之一的陆地表面，面临着不断上升的温度和气候变化。在这些干旱景观中，土壤微生物组支撑着生物地球化学循环和生态系统的恢复能力，但对其可培养部分的基因组解析温度响应仍然知之甚少。在此，我们对古尔班通古特沙漠根际土壤和大块沙漠土壤在15°C、30°C和45°C的条件下进行了以基因组为中心的培养富集宏基因组学（CE-MGS）研究。从90个培养富集的宏基因组中，我们重建了1184个培养的宏基因组组装基因组（cMAGs），包括218个假定的新基因组种，跨越73个细菌属，大大扩展了沙漠细菌的基因组代表性。温度对群落组成和相互作用都有影响，在15°C、30°C和45°C时，放线菌门、假单胞菌门和芽孢杆菌门分别占主导地位。共生网络表明，较低的温度和根际土壤支持更多相互关联的可培养细菌群落，关键的枢纽类群在不同的热状态下转移，反映了温度驱动的可培养微生物群落内部相互作用的重组。功能分析表明，温度对特定类群有选择性，温度升高有利于氧化还原高效途径和更节能的资源利用。虽然仅代表沙漠土壤微生物组的可培养部分，但CE-MGS使实验可处理微生物的基因组重建成为可能，将身份，功能和热适应联系起来。这些结果提供了一个基因组解析的温度响应视图，扩展了对沙漠微生物适应的理解，超越了以前的培养独立研究，并建立了CE-MGS作为一种实用的方法，在气候变暖的情况下获取生态相关微生物，用于保护和生物技术应用。

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引用次数: 0

Disentangling the molecular mechanisms of disease suppression by endophytic Flavobacterium sp. 98 内生黄杆菌抑制疾病的分子机制研究[j]

IF 6.9 1区生物学 Q1 MICROBIOLOGY

Microbiological research

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2025.128415

Xinya Pan , Somayah S. Elsayed , Gilles P. van Wezel , Jos M. Raaijmakers , Víctor J. Carrión

Endophytic microorganisms colonize internal plant tissues and enhance host resistance to pathogens. We previously showed that endophytic Flavobacterium sp. 98 (Fl98) protects sugar beet against the fungal root pathogen Rhizoctonia solani via biosynthetic gene cluster 298 (BGC298). However, the molecular mechanisms underlying this protection remained poorly understood. Here, comparative metabolomic analyses revealed that knockout of BGC298 led to reduced production of the antifungal compound 5,6-dimethylbenzimidazole (DMB) in Fl98. We hypothesized that BGC298 is involved in regulating DMB biosynthesis and therefore contributes to Fl98’s disease suppression as a novel protective mechanism. Subsequent site-directed mutagenesis of the DMB-synthase gene bluB abolished DMB production by Fl98, and both ΔBGC298 and ΔbluB mutants were compromised in protecting sugar beet seedlings in greenhouse bioassays. Bioinformatic analyses further indicated that bluB is widespread across Flavobacterium, while BGC298 is limited to a small subset of plant-associated strains. Together, our findings highlight the pivotal role of BGC298 and DMB biosynthesis in plant protection by endophytic Flavobacterium sp. 98.

内生微生物定植于植物内部组织，增强寄主对病原体的抵抗力。我们先前发现内生黄杆菌sp. 98 （Fl98）通过生物合成基因簇298 （BGC298）保护甜菜免受真菌根病原体索拉根丝核菌的侵害。然而，这种保护的分子机制仍然知之甚少。比较代谢组学分析显示，敲除BGC298导致Fl98中抗真菌化合物5,6-二甲基苯并咪唑（DMB）的产生减少。我们推测BGC298参与调控DMB的生物合成，从而作为一种新的保护机制参与Fl98的疾病抑制。随后对DMB合成酶基因bluB进行定点诱变，使Fl98无法产生DMB，并且在温室生物试验中，ΔBGC298和ΔbluB突变体在保护甜菜幼苗方面都受到了损害。生物信息学分析进一步表明，bluB在黄杆菌中广泛存在，而BGC298仅限于植物相关菌株的一小部分。总之，我们的发现强调了BGC298和DMB生物合成在内生黄杆菌sp. 98植物保护中的关键作用。

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引用次数: 0

Microbial strategies for soda saline-alkali soil remediation: The role of haloalkaliphilic bacteria 钠盐碱土壤修复的微生物策略：嗜盐嗜碱菌的作用。

IF 6.9 1区生物学 Q1 MICROBIOLOGY

Microbiological research

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2025.128410

Bonaventure Chidi Ezenwanne , Charles Obinwanne Okoye , Huifang Jiang , Lu Gao , Xunfeng Chen , Yanfang Wu , Jianxiong Jiang

Global agriculture is increasingly constrained by soil degradation, with salinization and alkalization reducing crop productivity, soil function, and long-term ecosystem stability. Among salt-affected soils, soda saline-alkali soils represent a particularly challenging subtype, characterized by excessive accumulation of soluble salts, elevated pH, and high sodium content, all of which exacerbate soil structural decline. Haloalkaliphilic bacteria, adapted to high salinity and alkalinity, offer a sustainable bioremediation strategy. This review presents a conceptual framework elucidating the mechanisms by which haloalkaliphilic bacteria mitigate soda saline-alkali stress through osmoprotectant synthesis, ion homeostasis regulation, pH neutralization, extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) formation, and extremozyme activity, thereby enhancing nutrient mobilization and organic-matter turnover. These microbial processes facilitate contaminant degradation and stimulate plant growth by improving nutrient availability and promoting phytohormone production. The resulting plant-microbe synergy translates microbial activity into enhanced soil function by reducing bulk salinity and pH, improving structure and water retention, and promoting overall soil fertility. This review further identifies critical challenges to translating mechanistic insights into field practice, including ecological variability, inoculant efficacy and resilience, regulatory frameworks, scalable inoculant manufacturing, a paucity of multi-season field trials, and socioeconomic constraints. Prospects include integrative multi-omics to link gene expression with ecosystem outcomes; systematic exploration of extremozymes; incorporation of nutrient-rich biomass for consortium support; AI-guided consortia design and predictive modeling for site-specific optimization, and long-term monitoring. These strategies enhance our understanding of tolerance to high salinity and alkalinity, paving the way for innovative microbial interventions to restore soda saline-alkali soils and support more resilient, sustainable agricultural systems.

全球农业日益受到土壤退化的制约，盐碱化和碱化降低了作物生产力、土壤功能和长期生态系统的稳定性。在受盐影响的土壤中，钠盐碱土壤是一种特别具有挑战性的土壤类型，其特征是可溶性盐的过度积累，pH值升高，钠含量高，所有这些都加剧了土壤的结构衰退。嗜盐嗜碱菌，适应高盐度和高碱度，提供了一个可持续的生物修复策略。本文综述了嗜盐嗜碱菌通过渗透保护剂合成、离子稳态调节、pH中和、细胞外聚合物质（EPS）形成和极端酶活性来缓解钠盐碱胁迫的机制，从而增强营养物质的动员和有机物的转化。这些微生物过程通过改善养分利用率和促进植物激素的产生来促进污染物降解和刺激植物生长。由此产生的植物-微生物协同作用将微生物活性转化为增强土壤功能，通过降低总体盐度和pH值，改善结构和保水性，促进土壤整体肥力。这篇综述进一步确定了将机理见解转化为现场实践的关键挑战，包括生态变变性、接种剂的有效性和弹性、监管框架、可扩展的接种剂制造、缺乏多季节的现场试验以及社会经济限制。前景包括整合多组学，将基因表达与生态系统结果联系起来；极端酶的系统探索；将营养丰富的生物质纳入财团支持；人工智能引导的联盟设计和预测建模，用于特定站点的优化和长期监测。这些策略增强了我们对高盐度和高碱度耐受性的理解，为创新微生物干预措施铺平了道路，以恢复苏打盐碱土壤，并支持更具弹性、可持续的农业系统。

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引用次数: 0

Integrative multi-omics elucidates the impact of microalgae on growth, quality, phytohormones, and rhizosphere microbiome of Angelica sinensis 综合多组学研究了微藻对当归生长、品质、植物激素和根际微生物群的影响

IF 6.9 1区生物学 Q1 MICROBIOLOGY

Microbiological research

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2025.128418

Tao Yang , Yulong Zhan , Jie Sha , Jiang Zhao , Chengniu Wang , Tong Peng , Lei Zhang

Microalgae have recently been recognized as sustainable biofertilizers that improve soil fertility while enhancing crop performance. However, their roles in regulating medicinal plant growth and quality, as well as the underlying ecological mechanisms, remain poorly understood. In this study, we systematically assessed the effects of three representative microalgae—Anabaena cylindrica (AC), Phormidium tenue (PT), and Chlorella vulgaris (CV)—on the growth, quality, hormonal regulation, soil nutrient dynamics, and rhizosphere microbiome of Angelica sinensis. Field inoculation trials demonstrated that all three microalgae significantly promoted biomass accumulation and increased antioxidant capacity. AC and CV further enhanced the accumulation of ferulic acid and flavonoids, which are two key quality determinants. Microalgal inoculation significantly altered rhizosphere soil properties by increasing total organic carbon and alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, with AC uniquely elevating available phosphorus and iron. Metagenomic analysis revealed that AC and PT stimulated nitrification while suppressing denitrification, thereby reducing nitrogen loss and stabilizing the soil nitrogen pools. Distinct microbial taxa, including Rhodanobacter, Streptomyces, and Pseudomonas, were identified as the major contributors to carbon and nitrogen cycling. Hormone metabolomics showed that microalgal inoculation reprogrammed A. sinensis phytohormone profiles in a species-specific manner. Partial least squares path modeling suggested that AC and CV promote ferulic acid biosynthesis through distinct mechanisms, with AC associated with reduced investment in C-mineralization processes and CV associated with lower salicylic acid levels, whereas PT enhances biomass accumulation mainly by stimulating N-cycle processes. Collectively, this study provides integrated evidence linking microalgae-mediated nutrient cycling, rhizosphere microbiome shifts and hormonal regulation to enhanced quality formation in A. sinensis.

微藻最近被认为是一种可持续的生物肥料，可以提高土壤肥力，同时提高作物性能。然而，它们在调节药用植物生长和质量中的作用以及潜在的生态机制仍然知之甚少。本研究系统评价了3种具有代表性的微藻——白茅水藻（anabaena ica， AC）、黄颡鱼（Phormidium tenue， PT）和小球藻（Chlorella vulgaris， CV）对当归生长、品质、激素调节、土壤养分动态和根际微生物群的影响。田间接种试验表明，三种微藻均能显著促进生物量积累，提高抗氧化能力。AC和CV进一步促进了阿魏酸和黄酮类化合物的积累，这是两个关键的品质决定因素。接种微藻显著改变了根际土壤性质，增加了总有机碳和碱解氮，其中AC显著提高了有效磷和有效铁。宏基因组分析表明，AC和PT在促进硝化作用的同时抑制反硝化作用，从而减少氮的损失，稳定土壤氮库。不同的微生物类群，包括罗丹诺杆菌、链霉菌和假单胞菌，被确定为碳和氮循环的主要贡献者。激素代谢组学研究表明，微藻接种以一种特定的方式重新编程了中华黄芪的植物激素谱。偏最小二乘路径模型表明，AC和CV通过不同的机制促进阿魏酸的生物合成，AC与减少c矿化过程的投资有关，CV与降低水杨酸水平有关，而PT主要通过刺激n循环过程来促进生物量积累。总的来说，本研究提供了微藻介导的营养循环、根际微生物群变化和激素调节与中华沙棘品质形成增强有关的综合证据。

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引用次数: 0

Understanding the dynamics of Pseudomonas syringae tailocin targeting allows for predictive protective microbial inoculation of Actinidia chinensis 了解丁香假单胞菌的靶向动力学，可以预测中华猕猴桃的保护性微生物接种

IF 6.9 1区生物学 Q1 MICROBIOLOGY

Microbiological research

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2025.128401

Banyon H. Carnell , Jay Jayaraman , Jose Benjamin P. Dar Juan , Matthew D. Templeton , Iain D. Hay

The Pseudomonas syringae complex is an important group within the Gammaproteobacteria and comprises several pathovars of agricultural significance. Genome mining of the P. syringae species complex has uncovered high-molecular-weight phage tail complexes termed tailocins. Tailocins exert specific bactericidal action against both closely and more distantly related bacteria and significantly shape the ecology of the microbiome. Tailocin targeting specificity is currently understood to be dependent on tail-fibers (TFs) binding to specific molecular epitopes, including lipopolysaccharide (LPS) as a bacterial cell surface receptor for tailocin TF-targeting domains. Recent work in P. syringae has strongly correlated variation at the common polysaccharide antigen of LPS with tailocin sensitivity. Here we provide biochemical evidence for LPS as the major receptor for P. syringae tailocins; examine the mechanisms and genetic basis of tailocin TF targeting; and predict strains that can provide protective colonization of plants. We then use the understanding of these mechanisms that determine the tailocin targeting spectrum and genetic knockouts and complementation to modify the bacterial canker pathogen of kiwifruit plants to predict LPS-mediated tailocin targeting by naturally occurring host microbiota, and then demonstrate the efficacy of these applied microbiome-derived tailocin-carrying commensal strains as biocontrol agents.

丁香假单胞菌复合体是γ -变形菌门中一个重要的类群，由几种具有农业意义的病原菌组成。基因组挖掘的紫丁香属物种复合体已经发现了高分子量的噬菌体尾部复合体称为tailocins。Tailocins对亲缘关系较近和较远的细菌都具有特定的杀菌作用，并显著地塑造了微生物群的生态。目前认为，Tailocin靶向特异性依赖于尾巴纤维（tail-fibers, TFs）与特定分子表位的结合，包括脂多糖（LPS）作为Tailocin tf靶向结构域的细菌细胞表面受体。近年来对丁香属植物的研究表明，多糖抗原的变化与丁香素的敏感性密切相关。本研究为LPS为丁香假单胞菌的主要受体提供了生物化学证据；研究tailocin TF靶向的机制和遗传基础；并预测可以为植物提供保护性定植的菌株。然后，我们利用对这些机制的理解，确定tailocin靶向谱和基因敲除和互补来修饰猕猴桃植物的细菌溃疡病病原体，预测自然存在的宿主微生物群通过lps介导的tailocin靶向，然后证明这些应用微生物组衍生的携带tailocin的共生菌株作为生物防治剂的有效性。

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引用次数: 0

Characterization of novel Vibrio phages as potential biocontrol agents against Vibrio alginolyticus and insights into its phage-resistant mutant 新型噬菌体作为溶藻弧菌潜在生物防治剂的特性及其噬菌体抗性突变体的研究

IF 6.9 1区生物学 Q1 MICROBIOLOGY

Microbiological research

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2025.128412

Roshan Nepal , Tony Charles , George Bouras , Richard S. Taylor , James W. Wynne

Pathogenic bacteria are an ongoing threat to intensive agriculture, including aquaculture. With the emergence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR), novel non-traditional antimicrobials are urgently needed to minimize the dependence on antibiotics. Bacteriophage (phage) therapy, which uses naturally occurring viruses to kill specific bacterium, is gaining interest and offers huge potential for targeted pathogen control in aquaculture. However, many challenges regarding stability and emergence of phage-resistance must be overcome. Here, we isolated and characterized eight Vibrio phages against an emerging aquaculture pathogen Vibrio alginolyticus and studied their bactericidal and antibiofilm potency. We then used next-generation sequencing to understand how the Vibrio species may gain phage resistance. Our results indicated that most of the isolated Vibrio phages (seven out of eight) shared < 40 % genomic similarity with phages isolated elsewhere, possibly suggesting novel strains. The phages were stable in different temperatures (4–40 °C), pHs (3−10) and salinities (0–50 ppt) up to 6 h without significant loss in viability. Although individual phages had variable bactericidal efficiency and bacteria rapidly developed phage-resistance, phage cocktail formulations were highly efficient and significantly suppressed bacterial growth up to 15 h, inhibited biofilm formation (p < 0.05) and eradicated established biofilms (p < 0.05). Sequencing confirmed absence of lysogeny modules, known toxins and AMR genes in seven of the phages. Further, tRNAs and a putative anti-CRISPR (Acr) protein was found in two of the most efficient phages. Though bacteria rapidly developed phage-resistance, we observed increased antibiotic sensitivity as a trade-off which possibly resulted from defective efflux pump. Our findings support potential applications of Vibrio phages in aquaculture systems for minimizing the burden of Vibriosis. However, further research is required to elucidate the role of efflux pump system in phage-resistance and antimicrobial resistance.

致病菌对包括水产养殖在内的集约化农业构成持续威胁。随着抗菌素耐药性（AMR）的出现，迫切需要新的非传统抗菌素以尽量减少对抗生素的依赖。噬菌体疗法是一种利用自然产生的病毒杀死特定细菌的疗法，它正在引起人们的兴趣，并为水产养殖中的靶向病原体控制提供了巨大的潜力。然而，关于噬菌体耐药性的稳定性和出现的许多挑战必须克服。在这里，我们分离并鉴定了8种抗新兴水产养殖病原体溶藻弧菌的噬菌体，并研究了它们的杀菌和抗膜效力。然后，我们使用下一代测序来了解弧菌物种如何获得噬菌体抗性。我们的结果表明，大多数分离的弧菌噬菌体（8个中有7个）与其他地方分离的噬菌体具有<； 40 %的基因组相似性，可能表明是新的菌株。噬菌体在温度（4-40 °C）、ph（3−10）和盐度（0-50 ppt） 6 h内均保持稳定，没有明显的活力损失。虽然单个噬菌体具有不同的杀菌效率，细菌迅速产生噬菌体抗性，但噬菌体鸡尾酒配方效率高，可显著抑制细菌生长至15 h，抑制生物膜的形成（p <； 0.05）并根除已建立的生物膜（p <； 0.05）。测序证实，其中7个噬菌体中缺乏溶原模块、已知毒素和抗菌素耐药性基因。此外，在两个最有效的噬菌体中发现了trna和一种推定的抗crispr （Acr）蛋白。虽然细菌迅速发展出噬菌体耐药性，但我们观察到抗生素敏感性的增加可能是由于外排泵缺陷造成的。我们的研究结果支持弧菌噬菌体在水产养殖系统中的潜在应用，以尽量减少弧菌病的负担。然而，外排泵系统在噬菌体耐药和抗菌药物耐药中的作用还有待进一步研究。

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引用次数: 0