Pub Date : 2024-03-28DOI: 10.55764/2957-9856/2024-1-51-57.7
D. B. Abilganiev
The scientific research is devoted to the role of bees in the Almaty State Nature Reserve and their impact on the flora and ecosystems. The mechanisms of interaction between bees and plants through pollination and pollen dispersal and their contribution to biodiversity are discussed. This article contributes to a deeper understanding of the role and characteristics of bees in the Almaty Nature Reserve and emphasizes the importance of taking measures to preserve their population for the well-being of humanity and the ecosystem as a whole. Particular attention is paid to the relationship between bees and pesticides, exploring the far-reaching effects of chemical exposure on bee populations. Environmental implications, potential impacts on pollination dynamics and overall ecosystem health are addressed.
{"title":"ECOLOGICAL IMPORTANCE OF THE BEES OF THE ALMATY RESERVE AND THE IMPACT OF PESTICIDES ON THEIR POPULATION","authors":"D. B. Abilganiev","doi":"10.55764/2957-9856/2024-1-51-57.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55764/2957-9856/2024-1-51-57.7","url":null,"abstract":"The scientific research is devoted to the role of bees in the Almaty State Nature Reserve and their impact on the flora and ecosystems. The mechanisms of interaction between bees and plants through pollination and pollen dispersal and their contribution to biodiversity are discussed. This article contributes to a deeper understanding of the role and characteristics of bees in the Almaty Nature Reserve and emphasizes the importance of taking measures to preserve their population for the well-being of humanity and the ecosystem as a whole. Particular attention is paid to the relationship between bees and pesticides, exploring the far-reaching effects of chemical exposure on bee populations. Environmental implications, potential impacts on pollination dynamics and overall ecosystem health are addressed.","PeriodicalId":204277,"journal":{"name":"Geography and water resources","volume":"133 46","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140369518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-28DOI: 10.55764/2957-9856/2024-1-3-7.1
A. G. Abulgaziev, G. O. Zhandosova, A. Y. Zhumasheva
The current state and forecast of water deficit in the world and actual issues of transboundary rivers use by Central Asian countries and Kazakhstan are considered. Analyzed actual for Kazakhstan issue of concluding effective and sustainable contracts in the use of transboundary rivers.
{"title":"CURRENT PROBLEMS OF SUSTAINABLE USE OF TRANSBOUNDARY RIVERS OF KAZAKHSTAN","authors":"A. G. Abulgaziev, G. O. Zhandosova, A. Y. Zhumasheva","doi":"10.55764/2957-9856/2024-1-3-7.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55764/2957-9856/2024-1-3-7.1","url":null,"abstract":"The current state and forecast of water deficit in the world and actual issues of transboundary rivers use by Central Asian countries and Kazakhstan are considered. Analyzed actual for Kazakhstan issue of concluding effective and sustainable contracts in the use of transboundary rivers.","PeriodicalId":204277,"journal":{"name":"Geography and water resources","volume":"120 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140370169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-28DOI: 10.55764/2957-9856/2024-1-32-40.5
T. M. Huseynova
Health occupies an important place in the system of indicators determining the quality of life. Issues of improving health indicators are especially relevant for the Greater Caucasus province, which plays an important role in the socio-economic development of the Azerbaijan Republic and has a high standard of living, demographic and labor potential. The territorial organization of health care in the Greater Caucasus province, environmental peculiarities and their impact on the quality of life have been studied. On the basis of statistical materials the indicators of disease spread among the population living in the region are studied. Atmospheric air pollution is mainly responsible for the spread of infectious diseases, so the relationship between them has been studied. The relationship between the human development index and the environment and its impact on the quality of life has been studied. It is found that the amount of waste from stationary sources in the region has decreased. Air pollution directly affects the health of the population. Thus, the low amount of waste emitted into the atmosphere corresponds to high values of the Human Development Index. More precisely, the correlation between them is negative, and the coefficient of determination is equal to 0.857, i.e. the dependence is determined at the level of 85%.
{"title":"INFLUENCE OF THE ENVIRONMENT ON HUMAN HEALTH AND QUALITY OF LIFE (ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE GREATER CAUCASUS OF THE REPUBLIC OF AZERBAIJAN)","authors":"T. M. Huseynova","doi":"10.55764/2957-9856/2024-1-32-40.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55764/2957-9856/2024-1-32-40.5","url":null,"abstract":"Health occupies an important place in the system of indicators determining the quality of life. Issues of improving health indicators are especially relevant for the Greater Caucasus province, which plays an important role in the socio-economic development of the Azerbaijan Republic and has a high standard of living, demographic and labor potential. The territorial organization of health care in the Greater Caucasus province, environmental peculiarities and their impact on the quality of life have been studied. On the basis of statistical materials the indicators of disease spread among the population living in the region are studied. Atmospheric air pollution is mainly responsible for the spread of infectious diseases, so the relationship between them has been studied. The relationship between the human development index and the environment and its impact on the quality of life has been studied. It is found that the amount of waste from stationary sources in the region has decreased. Air pollution directly affects the health of the population. Thus, the low amount of waste emitted into the atmosphere corresponds to high values of the Human Development Index. More precisely, the correlation between them is negative, and the coefficient of determination is equal to 0.857, i.e. the dependence is determined at the level of 85%.","PeriodicalId":204277,"journal":{"name":"Geography and water resources","volume":"123 21","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140370212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-28DOI: 10.55764/2957-9856/2024-1-16-24.3
S. O. Alakbarova, S. G. Gasymova
The article detail studies the activation of mudflow phenomena as a result of the action of natural and man-made factors in the mountain and foothill zones of the Gazakh-Tovuz economic region and their impact on population settlement and the territorial organization of farms. Comprehensive studies were carried out using airphotopictures from different years, forecasts of mudflow hazards and mudflow areas were given, and trends in the development and expansion of active mudflow centers were determined. A comparative analysis of statistical materials, mapping was carried out, using remote sensing and modern GIS technologies, the impact of mudflows on the population and territorial organization of farms in the study area was assessed, the zoning of mudflows by frequency of occurrence was given, as well as based on an analysis of scientific research conducted in this area. By mathematical analysis of actual statistical indicators substantiates in detail the role of the anthropogenic factor in the intensification of mudflows and the increase in economic damage they cause to the territorial organization of the economy, and ways to combat them are studied.
{"title":"ECONOMIC-GEOGRAPHICAL STUDY OF THE INFLUENCE OF MUDFLOWS ON THE ECONOMY OF THE GAZAKH-TOVUZ ECONOMIC REGION","authors":"S. O. Alakbarova, S. G. Gasymova","doi":"10.55764/2957-9856/2024-1-16-24.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55764/2957-9856/2024-1-16-24.3","url":null,"abstract":"The article detail studies the activation of mudflow phenomena as a result of the action of natural and man-made factors in the mountain and foothill zones of the Gazakh-Tovuz economic region and their impact on population settlement and the territorial organization of farms. Comprehensive studies were carried out using airphotopictures from different years, forecasts of mudflow hazards and mudflow areas were given, and trends in the development and expansion of active mudflow centers were determined. A comparative analysis of statistical materials, mapping was carried out, using remote sensing and modern GIS technologies, the impact of mudflows on the population and territorial organization of farms in the study area was assessed, the zoning of mudflows by frequency of occurrence was given, as well as based on an analysis of scientific research conducted in this area. By mathematical analysis of actual statistical indicators substantiates in detail the role of the anthropogenic factor in the intensification of mudflows and the increase in economic damage they cause to the territorial organization of the economy, and ways to combat them are studied.","PeriodicalId":204277,"journal":{"name":"Geography and water resources","volume":"27 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140372901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-28DOI: 10.55764/2957-9856/2024-1-25-31.4
N. Mamayeva, P. Bakhtyar Salih
This article presents the findings and methods employed in two individual projects: the Individual Geoinformatic Project (IGP) and the Individual Cartographic Project (ICP). The projects were conducted in the town of Vác, Hungary, with the IGP focusing on environmental measurements and the ICP on mapping tourist attractions. The goals of the projects were to design and create maps, develop a geodatabase, and produce related materials such as reports and presentations. The project area covered a specific part of Vác, including prominent landmarks, historic sites, and residential areas. Data for the projects were collected through field surveys and office work, using various data sources and tools such as GPS devices and ArcGIS Collector. The process involved planning, data collection, and extensive laboratory work to process and analyze the acquired data. The results include two sets of environmental maps and two touristic maps, as well as a comprehensive website showcasing the findings. The article concludes with recommendations for future projects, highlighting the importance of continuous data collection and more sophisticated measurement techniques for accurate map representations.
{"title":"INDIVIDUAL GEOINFORMATIC AND CARTOGRAPHIC PROJECTS: A CASE STUDY IN VÁC, HUNGARY","authors":"N. Mamayeva, P. Bakhtyar Salih","doi":"10.55764/2957-9856/2024-1-25-31.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55764/2957-9856/2024-1-25-31.4","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents the findings and methods employed in two individual projects: the Individual Geoinformatic Project (IGP) and the Individual Cartographic Project (ICP). The projects were conducted in the town of Vác, Hungary, with the IGP focusing on environmental measurements and the ICP on mapping tourist attractions. The goals of the projects were to design and create maps, develop a geodatabase, and produce related materials such as reports and presentations. The project area covered a specific part of Vác, including prominent landmarks, historic sites, and residential areas. Data for the projects were collected through field surveys and office work, using various data sources and tools such as GPS devices and ArcGIS Collector. The process involved planning, data collection, and extensive laboratory work to process and analyze the acquired data. The results include two sets of environmental maps and two touristic maps, as well as a comprehensive website showcasing the findings. The article concludes with recommendations for future projects, highlighting the importance of continuous data collection and more sophisticated measurement techniques for accurate map representations.","PeriodicalId":204277,"journal":{"name":"Geography and water resources","volume":"30 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140371877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-28DOI: 10.55764/2957-9856/2024-1-8-15.2
J. Mammadov
The article analyzes the flow of entrained sediments and their ratio to the highest expenditure of suspended sediments. The study of entrained sediments in mountainous areas is a more difficult task than in lowland areas. In addition, the weak hydrological knowledge of mountainous areas, as well as the lack of observations on the flow of entrained sediments on small rivers, do not allow for full monitoring of entrained sediments. Therefore, the study and calculation of entrained sediments is of great scientific and practical importance. Rolling particles in the largest flow rates of suspended sediments are considered to be entrained, especially when they move during mudflows. It was revealed that the runoff of the entrained sediments has a sorting character in the removal cone according to the Erie law.
{"title":"CALCULATIONS OF ENTRAINED SEDIMENTS, TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THE LARGEST EXPENDITURES OF SUSPENDED SEDIMENTS (USING THE EXAMPLE OF THE RIVERS OF THE GREATER CAUCASUS OF AZERBAIJAN)","authors":"J. Mammadov","doi":"10.55764/2957-9856/2024-1-8-15.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55764/2957-9856/2024-1-8-15.2","url":null,"abstract":"The article analyzes the flow of entrained sediments and their ratio to the highest expenditure of suspended sediments. The study of entrained sediments in mountainous areas is a more difficult task than in lowland areas. In addition, the weak hydrological knowledge of mountainous areas, as well as the lack of observations on the flow of entrained sediments on small rivers, do not allow for full monitoring of entrained sediments. Therefore, the study and calculation of entrained sediments is of great scientific and practical importance. Rolling particles in the largest flow rates of suspended sediments are considered to be entrained, especially when they move during mudflows. It was revealed that the runoff of the entrained sediments has a sorting character in the removal cone according to the Erie law.","PeriodicalId":204277,"journal":{"name":"Geography and water resources","volume":"23 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140372211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-28DOI: 10.55764/2957-9856/2024-1-58-62.8
G. М. Kambarbekov, A. Y. Baimaganbetov
Hydrological modelling plays a critical role in managing water resources, especially in arid and semi-arid regions where water scarcity is a major challenge. With the emergence of artificial intelligence (AI), hydrological modelling has experienced a significant transformation in recent years. This paper reviews the recent advances in AI-based hydrological modelling and examines its potential applications in water resource management. The study highlights the role of AI in enhancing the accuracy of hydrological models and facilitating more efficient and sustainable water management practices. The results suggest that AI-based hydrological models have the potential to revolutionize the way water resources are managed, and that future research in this area is warranted.
{"title":"USING ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE FOR HYDROLOGICAL MODELLING","authors":"G. М. Kambarbekov, A. Y. Baimaganbetov","doi":"10.55764/2957-9856/2024-1-58-62.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55764/2957-9856/2024-1-58-62.8","url":null,"abstract":"Hydrological modelling plays a critical role in managing water resources, especially in arid and semi-arid regions where water scarcity is a major challenge. With the emergence of artificial intelligence (AI), hydrological modelling has experienced a significant transformation in recent years. This paper reviews the recent advances in AI-based hydrological modelling and examines its potential applications in water resource management. The study highlights the role of AI in enhancing the accuracy of hydrological models and facilitating more efficient and sustainable water management practices. The results suggest that AI-based hydrological models have the potential to revolutionize the way water resources are managed, and that future research in this area is warranted.","PeriodicalId":204277,"journal":{"name":"Geography and water resources","volume":"39 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140372154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-28DOI: 10.55764/2957-9856/2024-1-41-50.6
A. A. Turgumbayev, S. Levykin, G. Kazachkov, I. Yakovlev
The results of studies of the eastern sector of Eurasia's steppe zone from the Volga region to the Altai on the subject of the dynamics of the steppe titularity are presented. The rapid and almost complete replacement of zonal steppe ecosystems on the plains with grain fields, which was produced by the Soviet Virgin Land Megaproject, formed a specific virgin space in the steppe zone. As a result of subsequent transformations, it developed into a post-virgin space, then transformed into an agro-export one. The leading factors of the formation of these spaces, their main qualitative characteristics, and specific features are described. The totality of the Virgin Land megaproject and the mass abandonment of fields, which has shown the self-restoring potential of the steppes, are considered as a unique experiment in the renewal of steppe grass stands. Taking into account the existing and new trends, we suggest an outline of the transition to a compromising space organized according to the principle of optimum economy and natural communities.
{"title":"CONSEQUENCES OF THE VIRGIN LAND MEGAPROJECT: VIRGIN LAND SPACE AND ITS DEVELOPMENT","authors":"A. A. Turgumbayev, S. Levykin, G. Kazachkov, I. Yakovlev","doi":"10.55764/2957-9856/2024-1-41-50.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55764/2957-9856/2024-1-41-50.6","url":null,"abstract":"The results of studies of the eastern sector of Eurasia's steppe zone from the Volga region to the Altai on the subject of the dynamics of the steppe titularity are presented. The rapid and almost complete replacement of zonal steppe ecosystems on the plains with grain fields, which was produced by the Soviet Virgin Land Megaproject, formed a specific virgin space in the steppe zone. As a result of subsequent transformations, it developed into a post-virgin space, then transformed into an agro-export one. The leading factors of the formation of these spaces, their main qualitative characteristics, and specific features are described. The totality of the Virgin Land megaproject and the mass abandonment of fields, which has shown the self-restoring potential of the steppes, are considered as a unique experiment in the renewal of steppe grass stands. Taking into account the existing and new trends, we suggest an outline of the transition to a compromising space organized according to the principle of optimum economy and natural communities.","PeriodicalId":204277,"journal":{"name":"Geography and water resources","volume":"140 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140369309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-28DOI: 10.55764/2957-9856/2023-4-27-36.21
A.B. Akramova
Scientific results of a study of temperature changes in the southern region of the Republic of Kazakhstan are presented based on long-term climate data for 1990-2020. by 11 meteorological stations: Almaty, Aidarly, Zharkent, Lepsy, Matai, Kazalinsk, Kyzylorda, Tasty, Taraz, Turkestan, Shymkent. The main goal of the work is to identify the conditions for the formation of large anomalies of average monthly temperature in the spring in the southern region against the background of ongoing climate changes and determine the trend of its change. The relevance of the work lies in the fact that air temperature is one of the indicators of climate change. Large air temperature anomalies in the warm half of the year can lead to catastrophic droughts, which will have a detrimental effect on agricultural yields. For the study area, a systematic statistical analysis of the spatiotemporal distribution of temperature anomalies was carried out. Extreme temperature months will be considered. Circulation conditions for the formation of spring-summer months extreme in temperature. The results obtained can be used in developing methods for predicting extreme hazardous phenomena.
{"title":"CLIMATIC FEATURES OF AIR TEMPERATURE IN THE SOUTH OF KAZAKHSTAN IN THE SPRING-SUMMER HALF OF THE YEAR","authors":"A.B. Akramova","doi":"10.55764/2957-9856/2023-4-27-36.21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55764/2957-9856/2023-4-27-36.21","url":null,"abstract":"Scientific results of a study of temperature changes in the southern region of the Republic of Kazakhstan are presented based on long-term climate data for 1990-2020. by 11 meteorological stations: Almaty, Aidarly, Zharkent, Lepsy, Matai, Kazalinsk, Kyzylorda, Tasty, Taraz, Turkestan, Shymkent. The main goal of the work is to identify the conditions for the formation of large anomalies of average monthly temperature in the spring in the southern region against the background of ongoing climate changes and determine the trend of its change. The relevance of the work lies in the fact that air temperature is one of the indicators of climate change. Large air temperature anomalies in the warm half of the year can lead to catastrophic droughts, which will have a detrimental effect on agricultural yields. For the study area, a systematic statistical analysis of the spatiotemporal distribution of temperature anomalies was carried out. Extreme temperature months will be considered. Circulation conditions for the formation of spring-summer months extreme in temperature. The results obtained can be used in developing methods for predicting extreme hazardous phenomena.","PeriodicalId":204277,"journal":{"name":"Geography and water resources","volume":"8 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139148613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-28DOI: 10.55764/2957-9856/2023-4-44-48.23
E. Mailyanova
One of the ways of flight safety improvement and quality air traffic services is perfection the material and technical equipment of the country's observation network. This makes it possible to improve the analysis of the state of the “surface background– atmosphere” system, which is necessary, in particular, to identify hazardous and especially dangerous weather phenomena and to predict them. One of the directions for improving the means of monitoring atmospheric processes is the use of remote sensing methods of the atmosphere, which include meteorological radar. Today, meteorological radar networks have been created in all developed countries: in the United States, the NEXRAD network unites about 150 WSR-88D Doppler polarized S-band radars; in Europe, within the framework of the international OPERA project, about 180 radars from various manufacturers working in various observation programs are networked. Some of them are doppler and polarized. In China, Japan, Australia, radars are also integrated into national networks. In the process of analyzing open sources, we determined the main characteristics of meteorological radar networks in several countries of the world and calculated the required number of radars to cover the territory of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
改善飞行安全和优质空中交通服务的途径之一是完善国家观测网络的材料和技术设备。这样就有可能改进对 "地表背景-大气 "系统状态的分析，这对于识别和预测危险和特别危险的天气现象尤其必要。改进大气过程监测手段的方向之一是使用大气遥感方法，其中包括气象雷达。如今，所有发达国家都建立了气象雷达网络：在美国，NEXRAD 网络将大约 150 部 WSR-88D 多普勒偏振 S 波段雷达连接在一起；在欧洲，在国际 OPERA 项目框架内，大约 180 部来自不同制造商的雷达连接在一起，开展各种观测项目。其中一些是多普勒和偏振雷达。在中国、日本和澳大利亚，雷达也被纳入国家网络。在分析公开资料的过程中，我们确定了世界上几个国家气象雷达网络的主要特点，并计算出覆盖哈萨克斯坦共和国领土所需的雷达数量。
{"title":"THE OBSERVATION NETWORK PERFECTION FOR FLIGHT SAFETY IN THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN","authors":"E. Mailyanova","doi":"10.55764/2957-9856/2023-4-44-48.23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55764/2957-9856/2023-4-44-48.23","url":null,"abstract":"One of the ways of flight safety improvement and quality air traffic services is perfection the material and technical equipment of the country's observation network. This makes it possible to improve the analysis of the state of the “surface background– atmosphere” system, which is necessary, in particular, to identify hazardous and especially dangerous weather phenomena and to predict them. One of the directions for improving the means of monitoring atmospheric processes is the use of remote sensing methods of the atmosphere, which include meteorological radar. Today, meteorological radar networks have been created in all developed countries: in the United States, the NEXRAD network unites about 150 WSR-88D Doppler polarized S-band radars; in Europe, within the framework of the international OPERA project, about 180 radars from various manufacturers working in various observation programs are networked. Some of them are doppler and polarized. In China, Japan, Australia, radars are also integrated into national networks. In the process of analyzing open sources, we determined the main characteristics of meteorological radar networks in several countries of the world and calculated the required number of radars to cover the territory of the Republic of Kazakhstan.","PeriodicalId":204277,"journal":{"name":"Geography and water resources","volume":"17 s1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139150031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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