Psychology Research and Behavior Management最新文献

[This retracts the article DOI: 10.2147/PRBM.S510544.].

[This retracts the article DOI: 10.2147/PRBM.S508557.].

Purpose: This pilot randomized controlled trial examined the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary effectiveness of a culturally optimized Interpersonal Psychotherapy (IPT) for perinatal depression among rural women in China. It was hypothesized that the adapted IPT would be feasible to deliver, acceptable to participants, and potentially effective in improving depressive symptoms, social support, and family functioning.

Patients and methods: A pilot randomized controlled trial was conducted with 34 pregnant women recruited from two rural clinics in Hubei, China. Participants were randomized to treatment-as-usual (TAU) or culturally optimized IPT plus TAU. The IPT program comprised three face-to-face sessions and one online follow-up, tailored to rural family and cultural contexts. The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) was used to assess depressive symptoms, with social support and family functioning as secondary outcomes.

Results: Compared with TAU, participants receiving the adapted IPT showed suggested reductions in EPDS scores and improvements in social support and family functioning at postpartum follow-ups. Feasibility was demonstrated by high adherence (94.1%), low attrition, and strong satisfaction. Bayesian mixed-effects modeling confirmed the robustness of these trends.

Conclusion: Findings indicate that the adapted IPT was both feasible and well accepted within rural maternal care systems, suggesting potential psychosocial benefits aligned with the study's hypotheses. The culturally optimized IPT appears promising as a feasible, acceptable, and potentially effective approach for supporting maternal mental health in rural China. Larger trials with extended follow-up are needed to confirm these preliminary results.

Purpose: The objective of this study is to conduct a Bayesian multilevel network meta-analysis to compare the effectiveness of various exercise modalities on anxiety symptoms and to assess how exercise and individual characteristics moderate these effects.

Methods: A comprehensive search of Web of Science, PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases identified randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on exercise and anxiety. Literature screening, data extraction, and analysis were conducted independently by two researchers. A Bayesian-based network meta-analysis was applied, and the Confidence in Network Meta-Analysis (CINeMA) tool assessed evidence quality.

Results: Forty-five studies (97 groups, 2643 participants) were included. Compared to control groups, meditation (Hedges' g = -0.72, 95% CI: -1.20 to -0.24), yoga (Hedges' g = -0.59, 95% CI: -0.93 to -0.27), and tai chi/qigong (Hedges' g = -0.52, 95% CI: -0.88 to -0.17) had the strongest effects. Resistance training (Hedges' g = -0.40), aerobic exercise (Hedges' g = -0.40), and walking/jogging (Hedges' g = -0.39) were also effective. However, mixed aerobic exercise did not achieve statistical significance.

Conclusion: Static, breath-focused exercises (eg, meditation, yoga, tai chi/qigong) and dynamic exercises (eg, resistance training, walking/jogging) may be effective interventions for anxiety reduction, with broad applicability across populations.

Background: Digital therapeutics have emerged as promising adjuncts to pharmacological treatment for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), yet evidence from rigorously designed trials remains limited. This study aimed to evaluate the additive neurocognitive benefits of an adaptive digital therapy (Focus Pro) when combined with methylphenidate (MPH) in children with ADHD.

Methods: In the present single-center, double-blind, randomized controlled trial, 85 children (6-12 years old) diagnosed with ADHD were assigned to receive MPH plus Focus Pro (n=44) or MPH alone (n=41) over an eight-week treatment period, with follow-up assessments at week 12. The digital therapy consisted of daily 25-minute sessions that targeted attention and executive functioning. The primary outcomes included objective neurocognitive measures assessed by the Test of Variables of Attention (TOVA), alongside secondary outcomes based on parent-reported scales (Swanson, Nolan, and Pelham Rating Scale, Fourth Edition [SNAP-IV], Weiss Functional Impairment Rating Scale, and Clinical Global Impressions-Severity). The analysis employed mixed repeated-measures ANOVA under an intention-to-treat framework.

Results: Although both groups exhibited comparable improvements on subjective measures, the combination group demonstrated significantly greater gains in objective neurocognitive performance, particularly on TOVA attention comparison scores, at week eight (p=0.006, Cohen's d=0.809). Furthermore, a significant group effect was observed (F=8.478, p=0.005), with improvements sustained through post-intervention follow-up. Early symptom reduction was noted in both groups (week four, p<0.001), but merely the combined therapy group maintained enhanced objective performance, revealing a divergence between subjective and objective outcomes.

Conclusion: The integration of adaptive digital therapy with MPH can significantly enhance neurocognitive outcomes in pediatric ADHD, particularly in sustained attention and inhibitory control. These findings highlight the clinical potential of personalized digital tools, and underscore the importance of incorporating objective assessments when evaluating digital interventions.

Addiction continues to be heavily stigmatized due to lingering misconceptions that frame substance use as a moral failing rather than a treatable neurobiological disorder. This stigma, when internalized, intensifies shame and obstructs recovery. Awareness Integration Theory, a multidisciplinary therapeutic model, addresses these internalized beliefs by identifying and integrating fragmented aspects of the self across thoughts, emotions, behaviors, and promotes self-awareness, emotional regulation, and cognitive restructuring, critical components in reducing shame and fostering resilience. This paper explores the interplay between self-perception, shame, resilience, and biological predisposition in addiction recovery. Research shows that shame-prone individuals are more likely to relapse, while guilt-prone individuals demonstrate greater capacity for change. Resilience, cultivated through self-forgiveness, social support, and neuroplastic interventions, mitigates the impact of shame. Genetic variants and epigenetic modifications influence reward deficiency syndrome, increasing vulnerability to addiction. The Genetic Addiction Risk Severity test can identify at-risk individuals, enabling precision-targeted interventions. Awareness Integration Therapy's integrative framework complements genomic and neurobiological insights by fostering self-acceptance, enhancing insight into unconscious belief systems, and motivating purposeful action. Neuroimaging studies support the role of resilience-based practices, including those embedded in Alcoholics Anonymous, in promoting dopamine homeostasis and neural recovery. In conclusion, stigma reduction must advance alongside personalized medicine. Integrating Awareness Integration Therapy with genetic screening, trauma-informed care, and psychoeducation offers a comprehensive, compassionate approach. Reframing addiction as a brain-based, treatable condition empowers clients and families, facilitating sustainable recovery grounded in science and self-awareness.

Introduction: Depression has emerged as one of the most prevalent mental health disorders among Chinese college students, significantly impacting the development of higher education in China. The intervention and prevention of depression have become key priorities for the Chinese government.

Participants and methods: This study utilized the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), the Psychological Resilience Scale (PRS), and the Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression Scale (CES-DS). It focused on college students from two universities in Shanghai, China, which have been identified by the Center for Epidemiological Studies as having high incidence of depression. The research investigated the mechanisms through which enhanced psychological resilience mitigates perceived stress and depressive symptoms across different levels of physical activity.

Results: The results reveal that psychological resilience mediates the relationship between perceived stress and depression in college students, irrespective of whether their physical activity levels are low, moderate, or high. However, significant differences were observed in the mediating effect of psychological resilience on the relationship between perceived stress and depression across different levels of physical activity. Psychological resilience demonstrates a notably strong mediating effect among college students engaged in high levels of physical activity. While the mediating effect remains significant under moderate levels of physical activity, its strength is considerably lower. In college students with low levels of physical activity, the mediating effect is comparatively weakest.

Conclusion: These findings indicate that the mediating role of psychological resilience in the relationship between perceived stress and depression varies across college students with different levels of physical activity. This underscores the importance for educational authorities to implement measures that encourage college students to maintain higher levels of physical activity, thereby enhancing their psychological resilience and effectively mitigating perceived stress and depression among this population.

Background: Auditory verbal hallucinations (AVH) are among the most disabling symptoms of schizophrenia, often resistant to pharmacological treatment. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has emerged as a potential non-pharmacological intervention; however, existing evidence is fragmented across heterogeneous study designs.

Objective: This scoping review aimed to map the available evidence on the use of rTMS for AVH in patients with schizophrenia, focusing on stimulation parameters, clinical outcomes, neuroimaging findings, and gaps in current research.

Methods: A scoping review was conducted following the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) methodology and reported in accordance with PRISMA-ScR guidelines. Literature searches were performed in PubMed, Scopus, EBSCO, and ScienceDirect for studies published between 2015 and 2025. Eligible studies included randomized controlled trials (RCTs), observational studies, and exploratory trials investigating rTMS in schizophrenia patients with AVH. Data were extracted and synthesized descriptively.

Results: Eight studies met the inclusion criteria. Most were conducted in China, with additional contributions from France, India, and the Netherlands. Low-frequency rTMS (1 Hz) targeting the temporoparietal junction (TPJ) was the most frequently applied protocol, while high-frequency stimulation (10 Hz) over the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and cerebellar theta burst stimulation were less common. Several RCTs demonstrated significant reductions in AVH severity, whereas others highlighted placebo effects. Neuroimaging studies reported rTMS-induced modulation of brain connectivity, particularly within the default mode, language, and auditory networks. Across studies, small sample sizes, heterogeneous protocols, and limited follow-up restricted generalizability.

Conclusion: rTMS shows promise as a non-pharmacological intervention for AVH in schizophrenia, particularly with low-frequency stimulation over the TPJ. However, evidence remains heterogeneous, and future multicenter trials with standardized protocols and long-term outcomes are warranted to establish clinical effectiveness.

Background: Mobile phone addiction is a growing concern for mental health, especially among adolescents. Previous studies link overuse to anxiety and depression, but dyadic effects within family dynamics remain unclear.

Methods: This cross-sectional study involved 4,633 parent-adolescent dyads from the Guangdong Mental Health Survey. Mobile phone addiction in adolescents was assessed using three items from the Smartphone Addiction Scale-Short Version, while two items from the same scale were employed for parents. Adolescent depression was evaluated using the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale, whereas parent depression was assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire. Anxiety levels in both groups were measured using the Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale. Actor-Partner Interdependence Models were used to assess the effects of mobile phone addiction on individual and dyadic symptoms.

Results: The model fit for mobile phone addiction and depression was acceptable (CFI=0.970, RMSEA=0.054). Moderate actor effects were identified, indicating that mobile phone addiction was associated with depression symptoms in both groups (βadolescents=0.279, βparents=0.271, all P < 0.001). Additionally, two small partner effects were observed (βparents-adolescents=0.065, β adolescents-parents=0.063, all P < 0.001). Similarly, the model fit for mobile phone addiction and anxiety was acceptable (CFI=0.975, RMSEA=0.046). Moderate actor effects noted for both adolescents (β=0.288, P < 0.001) and parents (β=0.250, P < 0.001), as well as small partner effects (βparents-adolescents=0.062, βadolescents-parents=0.061, all P < 0.001).

Conclusion: The findings highlight the interrelationship between mobile phone addiction and mental health in adolescents and their parents. Healthcare providers could consider implementing structured, family‑based interventions that target phone use patterns, communication, and coping strategies to promote healthier habits and mental well‑being. Furthermore, longitudinal studies and comprehensive measurement approaches are essential to better understand these complexities.

Background: The internet and digital devices are becoming increasingly involved in the lives of older adults with chronic diseases in China. Our research aims to explore the association between the use of the Internet and smart devices and the mental health of older adults with chronic diseases, and to investigate possible mediating mechanisms.

Methods: Data were obtained from 7150 older adults with chronic diseases in mainland China. The obtained data were analyzed using path analysis, and structural equation models were adopted to explore the impact of the use of the Internet and smart devices on their mental health, and to examine whether social isolation plays a mediating role.

Results: There is an association between usage of internet and smart devices and mental health in older adults with chronic diseases. Internet access and healthcare are positively correlated with mental health, and are also associated with lower levels of social alienation and social exclusion. Social isolation plays an important mediating role in the use of the internet and smart devices as well as in mental health of older adults with chronic diseases.

Conclusion: The research on the relationship between the internet and digital devices and mental health, as well as the mediating effect of social isolation, expands the application of Disengagement Theory in the digital age. Although the use of the internet and digital devices can help reduce social isolation and improve mental health, not all smart devices contribute to reducing social isolation.The use of certain intelligent devices, such as sleep monitoring devices, may be associated with risk factors for social participation and mental health. It is important to distinguish the roles of the different types of functional devices. Therefore, more attention should be given to the positive role of digital technology in healthcare for older adults.