Aquatic Toxicology最新文献

Intestinal toxicity and dysbiosis of microbiota in zebrafish (Danio rerio) exposed to prednisone 暴露于强的松的斑马鱼（Danio rerio）肠道毒性和微生物群失调

IF 4.5 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 MARINE & FRESHWATER BIOLOGY

Aquatic Toxicology

Pub Date : 2026-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2026.108051

Qianlin Cai,Xing Hu,Junhao Wu,Meixin Ye,Jinlin Yang,Yuerong Zeng,Xiangyun Zheng,Yue Chen,Liping Hou,Ruiqi Liu,Shao-Yang Lan

引用次数: 0

Environmental standard limit fluoride exposure prioritizes neurotoxicity over osteotoxicity in larval zebrafish: A benchmark dose analysis 环境标准限制氟暴露优先神经毒性超过骨毒性幼体斑马鱼：基准剂量分析

IF 4.3 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 MARINE & FRESHWATER BIOLOGY

Aquatic Toxicology

Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2026.107749

Xiumei Yang , Xianmei Zhang , Guojun Jian , Yuanhui Zhu , Hangyu Chen , Xiaoxi Mu , Jie Li , Bijin Zhu , Hui Lu , Yan An , Tingxu Jin

Fluoride is a widespread environmental contaminant, but current water standards, based on skeletal toxicity, may underestimate neurodevelopmental risks. This study directly compares the sensitivity of the central nervous system (CNS) and skeletal system to fluoride at concentrations (0.5–20.0 mg/L) spanning international regulatory limits, using larval zebrafish. An integrated assessment combining behavior, transcriptomics, and benchmark dose modeling was conducted. Fluoride accumulated in the brain dose dependently and induced hyperlocomotion at 0.5 mg/L, indicating neuroexcitation. In contrast, skeletal changes were biphasic, with reduced mineralization only at 20.0 mg/L. Transcriptomics showed broader enrichment of CNS related pathways versus skeletal pathways. Consistently, key neural markers (neun, tmem119a) were upregulated at all concentrations, while skeletal markers (bglap, acp5b) responded inconsistently. Bayesian model averaging revealed that the average benchmark concentration lower limit for CNS markers was 0.17 mg/L—an order of magnitude lower than for skeletal markers (1.83 mg/L). These results quantitatively establish the developing CNS as a more sensitive target than the skeleton at regulatory level exposures. The significant sensitivity disparity suggests that standards based primarily on osteotoxicity may not adequately protect against neurodevelopmental effects. Further research is needed to translate these biomarker based thresholds into functional outcomes for comprehensive health risk assessment.

氟化物是一种广泛存在的环境污染物，但目前基于骨骼毒性的水标准可能低估了神经发育风险。本研究使用斑马鱼幼虫，直接比较了中枢神经系统（CNS）和骨骼系统对氟浓度（0.5-20.0 mg/L）超过国际监管限制的敏感性。结合行为、转录组学和基准剂量模型进行了综合评估。氟在脑内呈剂量依赖性积累，0.5 mg/L时可引起过度运动，提示神经兴奋。相比之下，骨骼变化是双相的，仅在20.0 mg/L时矿化降低。转录组学显示中枢神经系统相关通路比骨骼通路更丰富。一致地，关键的神经标记物（neun, tmem119a）在所有浓度下都上调，而骨骼标记物（bglap, acp5b）的反应不一致。贝叶斯模型平均显示，CNS标记物的平均基准浓度下限为0.17 mg/L，比骨骼标记物（1.83 mg/L）低一个数量级。这些结果定量地确定了发育中的中枢神经系统在调控水平暴露下比骨骼更敏感。显著的敏感性差异表明，主要基于骨毒性的标准可能不足以防止神经发育的影响。需要进一步的研究将这些基于生物标志物的阈值转化为综合健康风险评估的功能结果。

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引用次数: 0

EcoToxChip reveals immune and metabolic pathway disruption in fish chronically exposed to stormwater-impacted environments EcoToxChip揭示了长期暴露于雨水影响环境中的鱼类的免疫和代谢途径中断

IF 4.3 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 MARINE & FRESHWATER BIOLOGY

Aquatic Toxicology

Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2026.107748

Fateme Taridashti , Patricija Marjan , Markus Hecker , Kelly R. Munkittrick

Urban stormwater runoff is a growing concern for aquatic ecosystems because it contains complex mixture of nutrients and chemical contaminants. This study assessed molecular and physiological responses in wild fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) in the stormwater-dominated Nose Creek Watershed, Alberta, Canada. Adult fish were sampled from multiple sites ranging from agriculturally influenced sites to urban-impacted reaches, during the pre-spawning period in May and post-spawn in September 2023. Water quality parameters and fish health endpoints (e.g. condition factor, liversomatic, and gonadosomatic indices) were measured alongside gene expression profiling using the EcoToxChip platform. Results revealed significant differences in liver and gonad sizes among the sampling sites. Transcriptomic analysis showed differential expression in pathways related to xenobiotic metabolism (e.g., cytochrome P450 1A, glutathione S-transferase C-terminal domain (gstcd), stress response (heat shock protein 70.3, heat shock protein family A member 9 (hspa9)), immune function (T helper 17 cells, T helper 1, and T helper 2 cell differentiation), lipid metabolism (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor signaling), and apoptosis (caspase 9, growth arrest and DNA-damage-inducible protein 45 gamma a). Upstream West Nose Creek exhibited signs of degradation in few water quality parameters, raising concerns about its continued suitability as a minimally impacted reference site. The study highlights the utility of combining molecular new approach methods (NAMs) with traditional health endpoints to assess the sub-lethal effects of urban stormwater and supports the integration of targeted transcriptomics into environmental monitoring frameworks.

城市雨水径流是水生生态系统日益关注的问题，因为它含有营养物质和化学污染物的复杂混合物。本研究评估了加拿大阿尔伯塔省以暴雨为主的鼻溪流域野生黑头鲦鱼（Pimephales promelas）的分子和生理反应。在2023年5月产卵前和9月产卵后的多个地点，从受农业影响的地点到受城市影响的地区，对成鱼进行了取样。使用EcoToxChip平台测量水质参数和鱼类健康终点（如条件因子、肝体和性腺体指数）以及基因表达谱。结果显示，肝脏和性腺的大小在采样地点之间有显著差异。转录组分析显示异型生物质代谢通路相关的微分表达式(如细胞色素P450 1、谷胱甘肽S-transferase c端域(进阶),应激反应(70.3热休克蛋白,热休克蛋白家族成员9 (hspa9)),免疫功能(17辅助T细胞,辅助T 1和2 T辅助细胞分化),脂质代谢(过氧物酶体proliferator-activated受体信号),和细胞凋亡(细胞凋亡蛋白酶9日生长阻滞和dna损伤诱导蛋白45 γ a)。上游的西鼻溪在一些水质参数中显示出退化的迹象，这引起了人们对其作为受影响最小的参考地点的持续适用性的担忧。该研究强调了将分子新方法（NAMs）与传统健康终点相结合的效用，以评估城市雨水的亚致死效应，并支持将靶向转录组学整合到环境监测框架中。

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引用次数: 0

Bioaccumulation and toxicological risks of tris(2-ethylhexyl) trimellitate (TOTM) plasticiser in oysters: implications for marine ecosystem health 三（2-乙基己基）三ellate （TOTM）增塑剂在牡蛎中的生物积累和毒理学风险：对海洋生态系统健康的影响

IF 4.3 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 MARINE & FRESHWATER BIOLOGY

Aquatic Toxicology

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2026.107723

Siti Afida Ishak , Annas Salleh , Mei Ching Law , Ley Juen Looi , Murni Karim , Ahmad Zaharin Aris

Despite growing concerns over phthalates, the environmental fate and biological impact of alternative plasticisers such as tris(2-ethylhexyl) trimellitate (TOTM) remain underexplored. This study assessed TOTM bioaccumulation and toxicological responses in Crassostrea (Magallana) saidii following 21-day exposures at 10 and 100 µg/L. TOTM was found to bioaccumulate in oysters in a concentration- and time-dependent manner, highlighting its persistence in marine ecosystems. Exposure to TOTM induced oxidative stress, evidenced by an immediate increase in superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, followed by inhibition at 100 µg/L. Catalase (CAT) activity was significantly inhibited in all exposure groups, with partial recovery observed at 10 µg/L but further inhibition at 100 µg/L. Reduced glutathione (GSH) levels increased in a dose-dependent manner, with the highest level of 219 mmol/g protein in the 100 µg/L group on day 21. Lipid peroxidation, indicated by elevated malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, was observed, with the highest level of 1.89 µmol/g protein detected in the 10 µg/L group, followed by 1.67 µmol/g protein in the 100 µg/L group. Histopathological examination revealed marked tissue alterations, including gill ciliary deterioration, mantle epithelial disruption, and atrophy of the digestive gland. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that TOTM, despite its classification as a safer alternative plasticiser, can induce sublethal yet ecologically relevant stress responses in marine bivalves. The observed bioaccumulation and impairment of antioxidant and digestive functions highlight the need to re-evaluate current assumptions regarding the environmental safety of non-phthalate plasticisers.

尽管人们越来越关注邻苯二甲酸盐，但替代增塑剂（如三（2-乙基己基）三酸盐（TOTM））的环境命运和生物影响仍未得到充分探讨。本研究评估了10µg/L和100µg/L暴露21天后，长牡蛎（Magallana） saidii中TOTM的生物积累和毒理学反应。研究发现TOTM以浓度和时间依赖的方式在牡蛎中生物积累，突出了其在海洋生态系统中的持久性。暴露于TOTM诱导氧化应激，超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性立即增加，随后在100 μ g/L时抑制。在所有暴露组中，过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性均被显著抑制，在10µg/L时观察到部分恢复，但在100µg/L时进一步抑制。还原性谷胱甘肽（GSH）水平呈剂量依赖性增加，100 μ g/L组在第21天达到219 mmol/g蛋白的最高水平。观察到脂质过氧化，丙二醛（MDA）水平升高，在10µg/L组检测到最高水平的1.89µmol/g蛋白，其次是100µg/L组的1.67µmol/g蛋白。组织病理学检查显示明显的组织改变，包括鳃纤毛退化、套上皮破坏和消化腺萎缩。总的来说，这些发现表明，尽管TOTM被归类为更安全的替代增塑剂，但它可以在海洋双壳类动物中诱导亚致死但与生态相关的应激反应。观察到的生物积累和抗氧化和消化功能的损害强调需要重新评估目前关于非邻苯二甲酸酯增塑剂环境安全性的假设。

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引用次数: 0

Road salt creates a slippery slope for Pacific salmon: Environmentally realistic salt pulses have lethal and sublethal effects on developing coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) 道路盐对太平洋鲑鱼造成了滑坡：环境现实的盐脉冲对生长的银鲑有致命和亚致命的影响

IF 4.3 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 MARINE & FRESHWATER BIOLOGY

Aquatic Toxicology

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2026.107737

Carley E. Winter , Clare L. Kilgour , Colin J. Brauner , Chris M. Wood , Patricia M. Schulte

Road salt, primarily sodium chloride (NaCl), is frequently used as a de-icer during cold seasons. In the Vancouver Lower Mainland (VLM) region of British Columbia, Canada, road salt is contaminating local streams where Pacific salmon spawn. The provincial acute water quality guideline is 600 mg L^-1 Cl^-, yet road salt contamination is resulting in pulses of salinity estimated to exceed this guideline by over 11-fold. In the VLM, the spawning and subsequent rearing period of coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) directly overlaps with these pulses of salinity. This study investigates the lethal and sublethal effects of road salt pulses on coho salmon by simulating an environmentally realistic pulse of road salt at different stages of development. We exposed coho embryos to a 24-h salt pulse at six environmentally relevant salt concentrations at <1 h post-fertilization or at 50 % hatch. To investigate effects on fertilization success, we conducted a 5-min salt exposure at the time of fertilization. Following salt exposures, coho were returned to freshwater to rear until swim-up to assess survival and the presence of deformities. There was no effect of salt exposure on fertilization, but the <1 h post-fertilization exposure group was sensitive to a salt pulse, as there was significant mortality, persistent ionoregulatory disruptions, and an increase in deformities. Upon hatching, exposed embryos exhibited a decrease in body length and larger yolk sac volume, suggesting that the early salt pulse disrupted embryonic development. Our research highlights an urgent need for improved road salting practices to protect developing coho salmon.

道路盐，主要是氯化钠（NaCl），在寒冷的季节经常被用作除冰剂。在加拿大不列颠哥伦比亚省的温哥华低陆平原（VLM）地区，道路盐正在污染太平洋鲑鱼产卵的当地溪流。省级急性水质标准是600毫克L-1氯，但道路盐污染导致的盐度脉冲估计超过了该标准的11倍以上。在VLM中，河鲑（Oncorhynchus kisutch）的产卵和随后的饲养期与这些盐度脉冲直接重叠。本研究通过模拟环境真实的不同发育阶段的道路盐脉冲，探讨了道路盐脉冲对银鲑的致死和亚致死效应。我们在受精后1小时或孵化50%时，将coho胚胎暴露在5种环境相关盐浓度下的24小时盐脉冲中。为了研究对施肥成功的影响，我们在施肥时使用了5分钟的盐暴露。在盐暴露后，将银银鳕放回淡水中饲养，直到游上来评估其存活率和是否存在畸形。盐暴露对受精没有影响，但受精后1小时暴露组对盐脉冲敏感，因为有显著的死亡率，持续的离子调节中断，畸形增加。孵化后，暴露的胚胎体长减少，卵黄囊体积增大，表明早期盐脉冲干扰了胚胎发育。我们的研究强调了迫切需要改善道路盐的做法，以保护发展中的银鲑。

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引用次数: 0

Zooplankton are adversely affected by chronic exposure to Raphidiopsis raciborskii (Cyanobacteria) and acetamiprid: A study of single and combined toxicity 浮游动物受到长期暴露于拉西蒿和啶虫脒的不良影响：单一和联合毒性研究

IF 4.3 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 MARINE & FRESHWATER BIOLOGY

Aquatic Toxicology

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2026.107741

Júlia Vianna de Pinho , Michael Ribas Celano , Mauro Cesar Palmeira Vilar , Fábio Verissimo Correia , Aloysio da S. Ferrão-Filho

Agriculture has expanded worldwide in recent years, with large amounts of inorganic fertilizers used, which can reach aquatic ecosystems and potentially worsen eutrophication and harmful cyanobacterial algal blooms (CyanoHABs). Additionally, the excessive use of neonicotinoid pesticides poses a significant environmental problem, impacting non-target organisms and the health of ecosystems. This study examined the chronic single and combined effects of the neonicotinoid acetamiprid and a saxitoxin-producing cyanobacterial strain (Raphidiopsis raciborskii LETC-CY-05) on survivorship and reproduction of two species of cladocerans (Daphnia similis and Daphnia laevis). In single exposures, D. similis was more affected by the cyanobacterium than by acetamiprid. In contrast, although D. laevis exhibited greater overall tolerance to both toxic agents than D. similis, this species was more sensitive to acetamiprid than to cyanobacterium. The overall toxicity was influenced by a 10-fold variation in toxin content per biomass across the different cyanobacterial cultures used in the experiments, even in treatments with lower biomass concentrations. Combined zooplankton exposure to the pesticide and toxic cyanobacterium yielded different interaction effects, ranging from antagonism to synergism on the proportion of toxicants. For D. similis, the most harmful effects were observed when the cyanobacteria:acetamiprid proportion was 1:1, while for D. laevis, this occurred at 1:1 and 2:1 proportions. These results demonstrate that the interaction between acetamiprid and cyanobacteria can lead to enhanced toxicity in zooplankton, underscoring the importance of assessing multiple stressors and their interactive effects in aquatic ecosystems, as single-exposure assessments may fail to capture the full scope of ecological risks.

近年来，农业在全球范围内扩张，使用了大量无机肥料，无机肥料可以到达水生生态系统，并可能加剧富营养化和有害的蓝藻华（CyanoHABs）。此外，新烟碱类农药的过度使用造成了严重的环境问题，影响了非目标生物和生态系统的健康。本研究研究了新烟碱类乙酰氨脒和一种产石蜡毒素的蓝藻菌株（Raphidiopsis raciborskii LETC-CY-05）对两种枝大洋（Daphnia similis和Daphnia laevis）存活和繁殖的慢性单一和联合影响。在单次暴露中，蓝藻菌比啶虫脒对西米蝇的影响更大。相比之下，尽管褐毛瓢虫对这两种有毒物质的总体耐受性都高于相似瓢虫，但该物种对啶虫脒的敏感性高于对蓝藻细菌的敏感性。总体毒性受到实验中使用的不同蓝藻培养物中每生物量毒素含量10倍变化的影响，即使在生物量浓度较低的处理中也是如此。浮游动物同时暴露于农药和有毒蓝藻产生了不同的相互作用，对有毒物质的比例有拮抗作用和协同作用。蓝藻菌与啶虫脒的比例为1:1时，西米氏d.s similis的危害最大，而黑蝇d.s laevis的危害分别为1:1和2:1。这些结果表明，啶虫脒和蓝藻之间的相互作用可导致浮游动物毒性增强，强调了评估多种应激源及其在水生生态系统中的相互作用效应的重要性，因为单次暴露评估可能无法捕捉到生态风险的全部范围。

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引用次数: 0

Developmental and neurobehavioural toxicity of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in aquatic organisms: mechanistic insights from molecular disruption to behavioural dysfunction 水生生物中全氟烷基和多氟烷基物质的发育和神经行为毒性：从分子破坏到行为功能障碍的机制见解

IF 4.3 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 MARINE & FRESHWATER BIOLOGY

Aquatic Toxicology

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2026.107719

Mohamed Hamed , Mohamed Abbas , A K M Munzurul Hasan , Shimaa M. Kteeba , Hesham Taher , Mohammed Abdel-Wahab , Rashad E.M. Said , Zeinab Bakr , Douglas P. Chivers , Jae-Seong Lee , Alaa El-Din H. Sayed

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are persistent synthetic contaminants ubiquitously detected in aquatic ecosystems, raising growing concern over their ecological and toxicological impacts. Increasing evidence demonstrates that PFAS pose significant risks to aquatic organisms, particularly during early developmental stages, by disrupting development and neurobehavioural function. This review synthesizes current knowledge on PFAS-induced developmental and neurobehavioural toxicity in aquatic organisms, integrating molecular, physiological, and behavioural evidence. Developmental exposure to legacy PFAS (e.g., PFOS, PFOA) and emerging alternatives (e.g., GenX, ADONA, HFPO-DA) are associated with embryotoxicity, pericardial edema, craniofacial abnormalities, impaired swim bladder inflation, metabolic disruption, and reduced growth and survival. Neurobehavioural effects include altered locomotion, anxiety-like behaviour, sensory processing, predator–prey interactions, and reproductive behaviours, with some effects persisting across life stages and generations. These outcomes are mechanistically linked to oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, endocrine disruption particularly perturbation of the hypothalamic-pituitary -thyroid axis neurotransmitter dysregulation, and transcriptomic, epigenetic, and non-coding RNA reprogramming. Emerging evidence also implicates microglial and neuroimmune dysfunction in PFAS-induced neurotoxicity. Notably, many PFAS alternatives exhibit toxicological profiles comparable to legacy compounds, challenging assumptions of safer substitution. This review highlights the need to integrate neurobehavioural and omics-based endpoints into PFAS risk assessment and regulatory frameworks to better protect aquatic ecosystems.

全氟和多氟烷基物质是水生生态系统中普遍存在的持久性合成污染物，其生态和毒理学影响日益引起人们的关注。越来越多的证据表明，PFAS通过破坏发育和神经行为功能，对水生生物构成重大风险，特别是在早期发育阶段。这篇综述综合了目前关于pfas诱导水生生物发育和神经行为毒性的知识，整合了分子、生理和行为证据。在发育过程中暴露于遗留的PFAS（如PFOS、PFOA）和新出现的替代品（如GenX、ADONA、HFPO-DA）与胚胎毒性、心包水肿、颅面异常、膀胱肿胀受损、代谢紊乱、生长和存活率降低有关。神经行为影响包括改变运动、焦虑样行为、感觉处理、捕食者-猎物相互作用和生殖行为，有些影响会持续到生命的各个阶段和几代人。这些结果与氧化应激、线粒体功能障碍、内分泌干扰（特别是下丘脑-垂体-甲状腺轴神经递质失调）以及转录组学、表观遗传学和非编码RNA重编程有关。新出现的证据也暗示pfas诱导的神经毒性中存在小胶质细胞和神经免疫功能障碍。值得注意的是，许多PFAS替代品显示出与传统化合物相当的毒理学特征，挑战了更安全替代品的假设。这篇综述强调了将神经行为学和组学端点纳入PFAS风险评估和监管框架以更好地保护水生生态系统的必要性。

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引用次数: 0

Chemical induction of settlement and metamorphosis in larvae of Manila clam Ruditapes philippinarum 菲律宾马尼拉蛤幼虫沉降和变态的化学诱导

IF 4.3 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 MARINE & FRESHWATER BIOLOGY

Aquatic Toxicology

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2026.107725

Jiakang Wang , Zhiyang Cui , Huawang Li , Yancui Chen , Biao Wu , Liqing Zhou , Zhihong Liu , Peizhen Ma , Zhuanzhuan Li , Xiujun Sun

Larval settlement and metamorphosis is a critical biological process governing the recruitment and population dynamics of bivalves, with profound implications for aquaculture sustainability. This study systematically assessed the effects of neurochemical inducers (Serotonin [5-HT], l-DOPA, acetylcholine, choline) and inorganic ions (K^⁺, Ca^²⁺, NH₄^⁺, Mg^²⁺) on larval settlement and metamorphosis in Manila clam Ruditapes philippinarum. Laboratory bioassays demonstrated that 5-HT acted as a potent settlement inducer, eliciting >65% settlement and metamorphosis at concentrations ranging from 10⁻² to 1 μM within 6–24 h. However, it exhibited acute toxicity at 10² μM, resulting in 100% mortality at 72 h. In contrast, l-DOPA showed transient efficacy, achieving 66.3% settlement and metamorphosis at 10 μM within 6 h but lack of induction effects at 48 h. Among ions, K^⁺ (30 mM) and Ca^²⁺ (30–50 mM) significantly enhanced larval settlement and metamorphosis, with the highest induction rates of 41% and 51% at 24 h, respectively, but the elevated concentrations resulted in increased larval mortality (≥ 37.7%). Ammonium chloride (which is usually present in both ionized and more toxic unionized forms, partly dependent on pH) displayed strong toxicity, causing 100% mortality at >20 mM concentrations within 48 h, while Mg²⁺ had the negligible effects on both settlement and survival. These findings highlight the inductive effects of chemical cues on larval settlement and metamorphosis in R. philippinarum, providing practical thresholds (e.g., 1 μM 5-HT with ≤24 h exposure) to optimize hatchery-rearing protocols in aquaculture.

幼虫的定居和变态是控制双壳类动物招募和种群动态的关键生物过程，对水产养殖的可持续性具有深远的影响。本研究系统评估了神经化学诱导剂（血清素[5-HT]、l-DOPA、乙酰胆碱、胆碱）和无机离子（K +、Ca +、NH +、Mg +）对马尼拉蛤幼虫沉降和变形的影响。实验室生物测定表明，5-羟色胺是一种有效的沉降诱导剂，在10 - 2 - 1 μM的浓度范围内，在6 - 24小时内诱发65%的沉降和变态。然而，在10²μM的浓度下，它表现出急性毒性，在72小时内导致100%的死亡率。相比之下，l-DOPA表现出短暂的作用，在10 μM的浓度下，在6小时内达到66.3%的沉降和变态，但在48小时内缺乏诱导作用。K + (30 mM)和Ca 2 + (30 - 50 mM)显著增强了幼虫的沉降和变态，24 h诱导率最高，分别为41%和51%，但浓度升高导致幼虫死亡率升高（≥37.7%）。氯化铵（通常以离子化和毒性更大的游离形式存在，部分依赖于pH）显示出很强的毒性，在20mm浓度下48小时内死亡率为100%，而Mg 2 +对沉降和存活的影响可以忽略不计。这些发现强调了化学线索对菲律宾沙蚕幼虫沉降和变态的诱导作用，为优化水产养殖孵化方案提供了可行的阈值（例如，1 μM - 5-HT≤24 h暴露）。

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引用次数: 0

Damages of aged-PVC microplastics exceed the enhanced resistance of chlorella pyrenoidosa induced by phosphorus limitation 老化聚氯乙烯微塑料的损伤超过限磷诱导的蛋白核小球藻增强抗性

IF 4.3 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 MARINE & FRESHWATER BIOLOGY

Aquatic Toxicology

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2026.107715

Xiao Tan , Lv Wang , Chao Xing , Zhipeng Duan , Jia Liang , Rui Zhu , Jiang Huang , Shichao Chen , Yijia Wei

Phytoplankton could adapt to multiple natural stresses. However, few have explicitly explored their complex adaptation patterns to emerging chemical contaminants (ECCs), such as microplastics (MPs), under nutrient-limited conditions. Here, we experimentally investigated the patterns of Chlorella pyrenoidosa responding to aged polyvinyl chloride (aged-PVC) and their leachate with a series of concentrations (0–20 mg/L) under phosphorus (P) repletion conditions (7.14 mg P/L) and P limitation conditions (0.1 mg P/L). Results revealed that C. pyrenoidosa displayed comparable patterns in response to aged-PVC treatments, regardless of P availability, showing significant decreases in growth rate but increases in photosynthetic efficiency (1.7%-39.6%), and the early-stage growth stimulation (day 2–14) may be attributed to the leachate. Moreover, cells of C. pyrenoidosa under both P availability elevated their cellular P quotas at the stationary phase under the low aged-PVC concentration (0.1 mg/L). These are significantly inconsistent with the responses of phytoplankton to multiple natural stresses, where phytoplankton typically enhance their resistance to environmental stresses under nutrient-limited conditions. This can be attributed to the stronger chemical toxicity of aged-PVC on enzymes and physical damage to the cell membrane. These findings suggest that cellular adaptive mechanisms of phytoplankton to natural stresses may fail against chemical contaminants, therefore providing crucial insights into the threshold dynamics of ecosystem resilience.

浮游植物可以适应多种自然压力。然而，很少有人明确探索它们在营养有限的条件下对新出现的化学污染物（ECCs）（如微塑料（MPs））的复杂适应模式。本研究在磷(P)补充条件（7.14 mg P/L）和磷限制条件（0.1 mg P/L）下，对不同浓度（0 ~ 20 mg/L）的陈化聚氯乙烯及其渗滤液的响应规律进行了实验研究。结果表明，无论磷有效性如何，pyrenoidosa对老化pvc处理的响应模式相似，其生长速率显著降低，但光合效率显著提高（1.7% ~ 39.6%），早期生长刺激（2 ~ 14天）可能归因于渗滤液。此外，两种磷效度下，在低老化pvc浓度（0.1 mg/L）条件下，固定期的细胞磷配额均有所增加。这与浮游植物对多种自然胁迫的反应明显不一致，浮游植物通常在营养有限的条件下增强对环境胁迫的抵抗力。这可归因于老化pvc对酶的化学毒性和对细胞膜的物理损伤。这些发现表明，浮游植物对自然胁迫的细胞适应机制可能无法抵抗化学污染物，因此为生态系统恢复力的阈值动力学提供了重要的见解。

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引用次数: 0

Quantitative prediction of zebrafish reproductive impairment via androgen receptor-driven adverse outcome pathway 通过雄激素受体驱动的不良后果途径定量预测斑马鱼生殖功能障碍

IF 4.3 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 MARINE & FRESHWATER BIOLOGY

Aquatic Toxicology

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2026.107720

Xuan Liu , Hongxia Yu , You Song , Wei Shi , Hongling Liu

Exogenous androgenic contaminants have long been of concern and are associated with reproductive impairment in fish. Although Toxcast has screened a large number of compounds using in vitro testing, it is challenging to conduct high-throughput tests for complex effects in vivo and to assess apical endpoints such as reproduction further quantitatively. Therefore, we developed a quantitative prediction method for reproductive dysfunction in zebrafish based on the adverse outcome pathway (AOP) framework. We carried out in vitro androgen activity tests for 16 compounds and a 21-day exposure experiment of androgen receptor (AR) agonism reference chemical 17β-trenbolone (TB) in zebrafish. The results revealed that TB mainly affected the levels of 11-ketotestosterone, estradiol, and vitellogenin in females by mediating AR, and caused abnormal ovarian development and fecundity decline. Then, AOP leading to reproductive dysfunction in female zebrafish (ZqAOP) was assembled and quantified, and it was validated to determine the potential and reliability for chemical extrapolation. Finally, the ZqAOP model was applied for predicting the potential reproductive impairments of eight compounds in environmental concentrations and global surface water samples with AR activity. This study provides a new insight into screening and assessing large numbers of chemicals with potential endocrine-disrupting effects.

外源性雄激素污染物长期以来一直受到关注，并与鱼类生殖功能障碍有关。尽管Toxcast已经使用体外测试筛选了大量化合物，但在体内对复杂效应进行高通量测试以及进一步定量评估生殖等根尖终点是具有挑战性的。因此，我们建立了一种基于不良结果通路（adverse outcome pathway， AOP）框架的斑马鱼生殖功能障碍定量预测方法。我们对16种化合物进行了体外雄激素活性测试，并对斑马鱼进行了雄激素受体（AR）激动剂对照物17β-trenbolone （TB）的21天暴露实验。结果表明，TB主要通过介导AR影响女性体内11-酮睾酮、雌二醇和卵黄原素水平，导致卵巢发育异常和生殖力下降。然后，对导致雌性斑马鱼生殖功能障碍的AOP （ZqAOP）进行组装和量化，并对其进行验证，以确定化学外推的潜力和可靠性。最后，应用ZqAOP模型预测了8种化合物在具有AR活性的环境浓度和全球地表水样品中的潜在生殖损伤。这项研究为筛选和评估大量具有潜在内分泌干扰作用的化学物质提供了新的见解。

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