Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.5958/2349-297x.2025.00015.1
Daima Salim, Z. I. Buhroo, K. A. Sahaf, M. F. Baqual, N. A. Ganie, Iqra Rafiq, Shakeel Ahmad Mir
The bivoltine Silkworm race SK7 (Berhampur) was selected as an experimental material. The disease-free laying's (DFL's) were obtained from the Silkworm Germplasm Bank of College of Temperate Sericulture, Mirgund (SKUAST-K). The laying's were incubated under different photoperiod regimes till hatching with a control group keeping Temperature (25±1°C) and Relative Humidity (80±5 %) constant. Rearing of the treated batches was conducted by maintaining three replications per treatment adapting standard package of practices. The study revealed significant increase in all the larval, cocoon and egg parameters. Among the six treatments evaluated T6 (24L: 00D) revealed significantly best results followed by T5 (20L: 04D) which also showed better results in all the parameters. Improvement in most of the parameters was observed with respect to the treatments exposed to longer light durations. The significantly highest values obtained for the parameters include hatching percentage (95.6%), larval weight (40.60g), single cocoon weight (1.930g), ERR by number (9892/10,000 larvae), and by weight (19.093 kg), pupal weight (1.533g), sex ratio (75.67 females and 24.33 males) and fecundity (732.67) recorded in T6 (24L:00D). T0 (16L: 08D) recorded significantly maximum survival percentage and pupation rate of 95.67% and 94% respectively. The significantly highest moth emergence percentage (99.57%) was recorded in T1 (00L: 24D). However, there was no impact of varied photoperiod regimes on the morphology of the moths.
{"title":"Effect of varied photoperiod regimes on the commercial characters of silkworm, Bombyx mori L.","authors":"Daima Salim, Z. I. Buhroo, K. A. Sahaf, M. F. Baqual, N. A. Ganie, Iqra Rafiq, Shakeel Ahmad Mir","doi":"10.5958/2349-297x.2025.00015.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5958/2349-297x.2025.00015.1","url":null,"abstract":"The bivoltine Silkworm race SK7 (Berhampur) was selected as an experimental material. The disease-free laying's (DFL's) were obtained from the Silkworm Germplasm Bank of College of Temperate Sericulture, Mirgund (SKUAST-K). The laying's were incubated under different photoperiod regimes till hatching with a control group keeping Temperature (25±1°C) and Relative Humidity (80±5 %) constant. Rearing of the treated batches was conducted by maintaining three replications per treatment adapting standard package of practices. The study revealed significant increase in all the larval, cocoon and egg parameters. Among the six treatments evaluated T6 (24L: 00D) revealed significantly best results followed by T5 (20L: 04D) which also showed better results in all the parameters. Improvement in most of the parameters was observed with respect to the treatments exposed to longer light durations. The significantly highest values obtained for the parameters include hatching percentage (95.6%), larval weight (40.60g), single cocoon weight (1.930g), ERR by number (9892/10,000 larvae), and by weight (19.093 kg), pupal weight (1.533g), sex ratio (75.67 females and 24.33 males) and fecundity (732.67) recorded in T6 (24L:00D). T0 (16L: 08D) recorded significantly maximum survival percentage and pupation rate of 95.67% and 94% respectively. The significantly highest moth emergence percentage (99.57%) was recorded in T1 (00L: 24D). However, there was no impact of varied photoperiod regimes on the morphology of the moths.","PeriodicalId":260908,"journal":{"name":"SKUAST Journal of Research","volume":"27 1","pages":"143-149"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.indianjournals.com/ijor.aspx?target=ijor:skuastjr&volume=27&issue=1&article=018&type=pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147906499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A comprehensive survey was carried in the three Animal husbandry blocks (Ganderbal, Kangan and Lar) of the Ganderbal district to assess the socioeconomic status of dairy farmers, livestock inventories, feeding practices and production status of dairy animals in district. Total irrigated land availability (kanal/ family) with dairy owners of District Ganderbal is 3.11±0.45 whereas total unirrigated land availability is 1.48±0.51. The average family size (members/ family) was 5.70±0.05 with average percent literacy rate per family of 45.26±0.08. Among different income sources, horticulture/agriculture contributed maximum to their income. The average number of lactating cows, dry cows, bulls, heifers and calves per family of dairy farmers was found to be 2.05±0.20, 0.40±0.03, 0.38±0.03, 0.53±0.05 and 0.65±0.07 respectively. The average body weight of lactating cows in district Ganderbal are 194.71±3.45 kg with body condition score of 1.92±0.05. Regarding feeding practices followed by dairy farmers of district Ganderbal, 45.32% were using mixed system of stall feeding and pasture grazing where as 48.90% of the farmers fed cultivated fodder to their dairy animals. During winters, animals are mostly stallfed on hay and straw whereas during summers, green fodders were fed with small quantities of concentrates. Maximum number of the surveyed cattle of the district Ganderbal were in milking stage with average milk yield of 4.58±0.32L/day.
{"title":"Survey on economic status, livestock inventory, and feeding practices of dairy farmers in Ganderbal district, union territory of Jammu & Kashmir","authors":"Muteeb Ullah Rafiqui, Parvaiz Ahmad Reshi, Gowher Gull Sheikh, A.M. Ganai, Haseeb Ahamd, Tanzeela Tabasum","doi":"10.5958/2349-297x.2025.00004.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5958/2349-297x.2025.00004.7","url":null,"abstract":"A comprehensive survey was carried in the three Animal husbandry blocks (Ganderbal, Kangan and Lar) of the Ganderbal district to assess the socioeconomic status of dairy farmers, livestock inventories, feeding practices and production status of dairy animals in district. Total irrigated land availability (kanal/ family) with dairy owners of District Ganderbal is 3.11±0.45 whereas total unirrigated land availability is 1.48±0.51. The average family size (members/ family) was 5.70±0.05 with average percent literacy rate per family of 45.26±0.08. Among different income sources, horticulture/agriculture contributed maximum to their income. The average number of lactating cows, dry cows, bulls, heifers and calves per family of dairy farmers was found to be 2.05±0.20, 0.40±0.03, 0.38±0.03, 0.53±0.05 and 0.65±0.07 respectively. The average body weight of lactating cows in district Ganderbal are 194.71±3.45 kg with body condition score of 1.92±0.05. Regarding feeding practices followed by dairy farmers of district Ganderbal, 45.32% were using mixed system of stall feeding and pasture grazing where as 48.90% of the farmers fed cultivated fodder to their dairy animals. During winters, animals are mostly stallfed on hay and straw whereas during summers, green fodders were fed with small quantities of concentrates. Maximum number of the surveyed cattle of the district Ganderbal were in milking stage with average milk yield of 4.58±0.32L/day.","PeriodicalId":260908,"journal":{"name":"SKUAST Journal of Research","volume":"27 1","pages":"76-84"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.indianjournals.com/ijor.aspx?target=ijor:skuastjr&volume=27&issue=1&article=008&type=pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147911843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.5958/2349-297x.2025.00051.9
E. Rohith, D. P. Prakasha, R. Kavitha, Vankadavath Nagaraju, Meghanath Dasari
AbstractBanana, a major global crop, is predominantly propagated vegetatively,but faces significant challenges from viral and pathogenic diseases that impact yields. In India, advanced cultivation practices and tissue culture methods have driven growth in banana production, addressing limitations of traditional propagation by producing uniform and disease-free plants. Micropropagation is integral to genetic improvement, germplasm conservation, and hybrid regeneration, providing solutions to biotic and abiotic stresses such as Fusarium wilt,Sigatoka, and Banana Bunchy Top Virus (BBTV). This study was performed at the College of Horticulture, Sirsi, Karnataka, focused on producing high-quality micro propagated banana planting materials using local cultivars (G9 and Yellaki), ensuring stakeholders access competitive, disease-free plant material. During this research the experiment findings shows that the highest shoot proliferation (80%) was observed in the MS medium supplemented with 5.0 mg/L Benzyl aminopurine (BAP). The maximum adventitious root formation occurred in Full-strength MS medium containing 1.5 mg/L Indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) and 1.0 mg/L Naphthalene acetic acid (NAA). After three weeks, the in vitro grown plants were transferred to polybags containing a 1:1 ratio of soil and sand for hardening, and later moved to the garden, where they exhibited a 75% survival rate. In this study, a straightforward two-step protocol was developed, utilizing MS medium with 5.0 mg/L BAP for shoot proliferation and 1.5 mg/L IBA + 1.0 mg/L NAA for rooting in banana. This protocol could be applied for the large-scale in vitro production of banana plantlets.
{"title":"Influence of different plant growth regulators on in-vitro propagation and innovative technique for enhancing quality mass production in banana cultivation","authors":"E. Rohith, D. P. Prakasha, R. Kavitha, Vankadavath Nagaraju, Meghanath Dasari","doi":"10.5958/2349-297x.2025.00051.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5958/2349-297x.2025.00051.9","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractBanana, a major global crop, is predominantly propagated vegetatively,but faces significant challenges from viral and pathogenic diseases that impact yields. In India, advanced cultivation practices and tissue culture methods have driven growth in banana production, addressing limitations of traditional propagation by producing uniform and disease-free plants. Micropropagation is integral to genetic improvement, germplasm conservation, and hybrid regeneration, providing solutions to biotic and abiotic stresses such as Fusarium wilt,Sigatoka, and Banana Bunchy Top Virus (BBTV). This study was performed at the College of Horticulture, Sirsi, Karnataka, focused on producing high-quality micro propagated banana planting materials using local cultivars (G9 and Yellaki), ensuring stakeholders access competitive, disease-free plant material. During this research the experiment findings shows that the highest shoot proliferation (80%) was observed in the MS medium supplemented with 5.0 mg/L Benzyl aminopurine (BAP). The maximum adventitious root formation occurred in Full-strength MS medium containing 1.5 mg/L Indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) and 1.0 mg/L Naphthalene acetic acid (NAA). After three weeks, the in vitro grown plants were transferred to polybags containing a 1:1 ratio of soil and sand for hardening, and later moved to the garden, where they exhibited a 75% survival rate. In this study, a straightforward two-step protocol was developed, utilizing MS medium with 5.0 mg/L BAP for shoot proliferation and 1.5 mg/L IBA + 1.0 mg/L NAA for rooting in banana. This protocol could be applied for the large-scale in vitro production of banana plantlets.","PeriodicalId":260908,"journal":{"name":"SKUAST Journal of Research","volume":"27 3","pages":"438-444"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147921841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.5958/2349-297x.2025.00053.1
Saba Banday, Efath Shahnaz, F. A. Mohiddin, Aroosa Khalil, Mudasir Bhat, Arvind Malik, Aisha Nabi, Roman Nissar
AbstractBotrytis cinerea, the causal agent of grey mould or fruit rot in strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.), is among the most destructive pathogens affecting yield and marketability worldwide. The disease is a problem not only in the field, but also during storage, transit, and marketing of strawberry fruit, due to onset of severe rot as the fruits begin to ripen. Botrytis rot, or gray mold as it is often called, is a disease of concern in most years thereby warrant immediate attention for management. Chemical management of the disease has the obvious disadvantages of environmental impact, development of resistance, chemical residue in fruit etc, therefore, an alternative safe and sustainable management strategy of disease is of prime importance in strawberries. The present investigation evaluated aqueous (water) extracts of Allium sativum (garlic), Tagetes spp. (marigold), Azadirachta indica (neem), Urtica dioica (stinging nettle) and Artemisia amygdalina against B. cinerea under Kashmir conditions. Assays comprised: (i) in vitro poisoned-food tests at 5, 10 and 20% (v/v) extract, and (ii) in vivo field sprays on ‘Chandler’ in two timing regimes: pre-harvest only (two sprays near harvest) and bloom + pre-harvest (one spray at full bloom and one near harvest). Carbendazim (1%) served as the chemical check. Garlic extract inhibited mycelial growth strongly in vitro (?80–100% across 5–20%), followed by marigold and neem at higher concentrations (e.g., marigold 20% and 10% ?70% and ?55% inhibition; neem 20% ?65% inhibition), while Artemisia showed the least activity. In vivo, two pre-harvest sprays of garlic 20% reduced fruit rot to 8%, outperforming the bloom + pre-harvest schedule (12%). Carbendazim consistently recorded the lowest incidence (4%) in both timings. The study highlights the potential of A. sativum extract as an eco-friendly alternative for managing grey mould in strawberries under temperate field conditions.
{"title":"Organic management of Botrytis fruit rot of strawberries (var. Chandler) using plant extracts","authors":"Saba Banday, Efath Shahnaz, F. A. Mohiddin, Aroosa Khalil, Mudasir Bhat, Arvind Malik, Aisha Nabi, Roman Nissar","doi":"10.5958/2349-297x.2025.00053.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5958/2349-297x.2025.00053.1","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractBotrytis cinerea, the causal agent of grey mould or fruit rot in strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.), is among the most destructive pathogens affecting yield and marketability worldwide. The disease is a problem not only in the field, but also during storage, transit, and marketing of strawberry fruit, due to onset of severe rot as the fruits begin to ripen. Botrytis rot, or gray mold as it is often called, is a disease of concern in most years thereby warrant immediate attention for management. Chemical management of the disease has the obvious disadvantages of environmental impact, development of resistance, chemical residue in fruit etc, therefore, an alternative safe and sustainable management strategy of disease is of prime importance in strawberries. The present investigation evaluated aqueous (water) extracts of Allium sativum (garlic), Tagetes spp. (marigold), Azadirachta indica (neem), Urtica dioica (stinging nettle) and Artemisia amygdalina against B. cinerea under Kashmir conditions. Assays comprised: (i) in vitro poisoned-food tests at 5, 10 and 20% (v/v) extract, and (ii) in vivo field sprays on ‘Chandler’ in two timing regimes: pre-harvest only (two sprays near harvest) and bloom + pre-harvest (one spray at full bloom and one near harvest). Carbendazim (1%) served as the chemical check. Garlic extract inhibited mycelial growth strongly in vitro (?80–100% across 5–20%), followed by marigold and neem at higher concentrations (e.g., marigold 20% and 10% ?70% and ?55% inhibition; neem 20% ?65% inhibition), while Artemisia showed the least activity. In vivo, two pre-harvest sprays of garlic 20% reduced fruit rot to 8%, outperforming the bloom + pre-harvest schedule (12%). Carbendazim consistently recorded the lowest incidence (4%) in both timings. The study highlights the potential of A. sativum extract as an eco-friendly alternative for managing grey mould in strawberries under temperate field conditions.","PeriodicalId":260908,"journal":{"name":"SKUAST Journal of Research","volume":"27 3","pages":"455-459"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147894833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The challenges imposed by the scarcity of resources, undulating terrain, peak labour shortage and climate change has propelled the growth of automated technologies in agriculture. The computer vision system can be employed for disease detection, crop yield estimation, grading, weed control, spraying and harvesting. The emergence of technologies like neural network, deep learning has improved the performance of computer vision-based system. The basic requirement of acquiring the data from the field is solved by sensors, internet of things (IoT) and drones. The sensors collect the data from the field and integrate it through a common platform and process the data for valuable information through artificial intelligence tools. The drones provide high quality images and data from remote distance. High quality images remotely and help to collect the data. The images are then subjected to processing though image processing algorithm-based software's to extract the information, which serves as the fodder to take informed decisions. The involvement of modern technologies of computer vision, deep learning, internet of things, drones, artificial intelligence can help to reduce the dependence on manual labour, improve efficiency of operations and leverage towards smart agriculture.
{"title":"Applications of computer vision and drone technology in smart agriculture-present status and future prospects","authors":"Mohd. Muzamil, Danish Gul, Rizwan Ul Zama Banday, Sehreen Rasool, Seemi Lohani, Yogesh Kumar Pandey, Saqib Rashid, Adnan Bashir","doi":"10.5958/2349-297x.2025.00013.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5958/2349-297x.2025.00013.9","url":null,"abstract":"The challenges imposed by the scarcity of resources, undulating terrain, peak labour shortage and climate change has propelled the growth of automated technologies in agriculture. The computer vision system can be employed for disease detection, crop yield estimation, grading, weed control, spraying and harvesting. The emergence of technologies like neural network, deep learning has improved the performance of computer vision-based system. The basic requirement of acquiring the data from the field is solved by sensors, internet of things (IoT) and drones. The sensors collect the data from the field and integrate it through a common platform and process the data for valuable information through artificial intelligence tools. The drones provide high quality images and data from remote distance. High quality images remotely and help to collect the data. The images are then subjected to processing though image processing algorithm-based software's to extract the information, which serves as the fodder to take informed decisions. The involvement of modern technologies of computer vision, deep learning, internet of things, drones, artificial intelligence can help to reduce the dependence on manual labour, improve efficiency of operations and leverage towards smart agriculture.","PeriodicalId":260908,"journal":{"name":"SKUAST Journal of Research","volume":"27 1","pages":"20-33"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.indianjournals.com/ijor.aspx?target=ijor:skuastjr&volume=27&issue=1&article=002&type=pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147903647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.5958/2349-297x.2025.00019.7
Syed Shanaz, Mubashir Ali Rather, Ambreen Hamadani, Nazir Ahmad Ganai, Nusrat Nabi, Ruksana Shah
Data on 865 upgraded Kashmir Merino sheep sheep for body length (BL), chest girth (CG), height at weather (WH), ear length (EL), tail length (TL), face length (FL), body weight (BW) and horn length (HL) were analyzed with sex, age, and locations as fixed factors. The overall estimates of 58.16±0.51cm, 74.72±0.71cm, 62.07±0.68cm, 10.69±0.19, 32cm, .25±0.48cm, 32.25±0.48cm, 20.05±0.28cm, 31.90±0.54kg and 27.41±2.2cm for BL, CG, WH, EL, TL, FL, BW and HL, respectively. The effect of age, sex and location was highly significant (P<0.01) on all traits under study with sexual dimorphism of 1.04, 1.06, 1.03, 1.05, 1 .07, 1.10, 1.08 and 1.23 for BL, CG, WH, EL, TL, FL, BW and HL, respectively was observed in favour of males. All the biometric traits presented increasing trend up to four years. Phenotypic correlation among all the traits was positive, significant and ranging from low to very high. Body weight had moderate phenotypic association with ear length, and horn length and high association with face length and tail length. When biometric traits were considered separately in regression analysis the highest R2 was obtained for height at withers followed tail length in females whereas highest R2 in males was obtained for CG followed by body height. It is concluded that Kashmir Merino is a variable sheep and environments factors significant influence on the biometric traits. It is also concluded that morphometric measurements can be used to determine live body weight under field conditions in the absence of weighing balance.
{"title":"Demographic variations in biometric traits of Kashmir merino sheep in Kashmir valley","authors":"Syed Shanaz, Mubashir Ali Rather, Ambreen Hamadani, Nazir Ahmad Ganai, Nusrat Nabi, Ruksana Shah","doi":"10.5958/2349-297x.2025.00019.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5958/2349-297x.2025.00019.7","url":null,"abstract":"Data on 865 upgraded Kashmir Merino sheep sheep for body length (BL), chest girth (CG), height at weather (WH), ear length (EL), tail length (TL), face length (FL), body weight (BW) and horn length (HL) were analyzed with sex, age, and locations as fixed factors. The overall estimates of 58.16±0.51cm, 74.72±0.71cm, 62.07±0.68cm, 10.69±0.19, 32cm, .25±0.48cm, 32.25±0.48cm, 20.05±0.28cm, 31.90±0.54kg and 27.41±2.2cm for BL, CG, WH, EL, TL, FL, BW and HL, respectively. The effect of age, sex and location was highly significant (P<0.01) on all traits under study with sexual dimorphism of 1.04, 1.06, 1.03, 1.05, 1 .07, 1.10, 1.08 and 1.23 for BL, CG, WH, EL, TL, FL, BW and HL, respectively was observed in favour of males. All the biometric traits presented increasing trend up to four years. Phenotypic correlation among all the traits was positive, significant and ranging from low to very high. Body weight had moderate phenotypic association with ear length, and horn length and high association with face length and tail length. When biometric traits were considered separately in regression analysis the highest R2 was obtained for height at withers followed tail length in females whereas highest R2 in males was obtained for CG followed by body height. It is concluded that Kashmir Merino is a variable sheep and environments factors significant influence on the biometric traits. It is also concluded that morphometric measurements can be used to determine live body weight under field conditions in the absence of weighing balance.","PeriodicalId":260908,"journal":{"name":"SKUAST Journal of Research","volume":"27 1","pages":"85-93"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.indianjournals.com/ijor.aspx?target=ijor:skuastjr&volume=27&issue=1&article=009&type=pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147900395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.5958/2349-297x.2025.00038.7
Kahkashan Qayoom, M. F. Baqual, Sheza Farooq, Latief Ahmad, Shaista Manzoor
AbstractChromatography, a technique for the separation of components within a mixture, serves the primary objective of isolating and purifying individual sample constituents. Analytically, it seeks to discern the qualitative and quantitative elemental composition of a given specimen. The impact of chromatography on diverse scientific domains, particularly in the post-genomic era, has been substantial. Continuously evolving, chromatography has provided pioneering technical and technological advancements that significantly augment various disciplines, encompassing clinical, agricultural, food sciences, pharmaceuticals, and medical sciences. Applications range from the diagnosis of medical conditions to evaluating treatment efficacy. The ongoing evolution of chromatographic techniques underscores its profound importance across diverse scientific realms. This review provides a comprehensive overview of recent chromatographic methods and breakthroughs, shedding light on the latest developments in this field.
{"title":"Advancements inchromatographic techniques: A comprehensive review on novelapproaches for efficient mixture separation","authors":"Kahkashan Qayoom, M. F. Baqual, Sheza Farooq, Latief Ahmad, Shaista Manzoor","doi":"10.5958/2349-297x.2025.00038.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5958/2349-297x.2025.00038.7","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractChromatography, a technique for the separation of components within a mixture, serves the primary objective of isolating and purifying individual sample constituents. Analytically, it seeks to discern the qualitative and quantitative elemental composition of a given specimen. The impact of chromatography on diverse scientific domains, particularly in the post-genomic era, has been substantial. Continuously evolving, chromatography has provided pioneering technical and technological advancements that significantly augment various disciplines, encompassing clinical, agricultural, food sciences, pharmaceuticals, and medical sciences. Applications range from the diagnosis of medical conditions to evaluating treatment efficacy. The ongoing evolution of chromatographic techniques underscores its profound importance across diverse scientific realms. This review provides a comprehensive overview of recent chromatographic methods and breakthroughs, shedding light on the latest developments in this field.","PeriodicalId":260908,"journal":{"name":"SKUAST Journal of Research","volume":"27 3","pages":"324-332"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147910880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.5958/2349-297x.2025.00043.3
Irtiqa Malik, F.A. Shaheen, Sajad A. Saraf, Shoukat Ara, J. A. Wani, M. Amin Mir, Farooq Ahmad Lone
AbstractThe adoption of chemical technologies, such as pesticides and fertilizers, plays a significant role in enhancing apple cultivation productivity in Kashmir, a region known for its high-value apple cultivation. The reliance on fertilizers and pesticides in modern agriculture is widespread, driven by the need to enhance crop quality and meet global food demands. However, it is imperative to weight these technologies against environmental and health implications by thorough analysis towards balancing productivity with sustainability. The present study investigates the risks associated with such technologies, and perceived impacts on the environment as a consequence of the use of chemical technology by the apple farmers. We adopt a mixed-method approach through structured surveys driven by Garret’s ranking technique to prioritize farmers’ concerns regarding various identified parameters. Overall, 300 apple farmers were surveyed from the major apple-growing districts of Kashmir. The results are reported with regard to two dimensions, viz., (i) signifying impacts on health and (ii) signifying impacts on environment. The results reveal pesticide resistance, impact on water quality, and emergence of pests and diseases as the most pressing environmental concerns, with significant implications for ecosystem balance and agricultural productivity. The results highlight headache as the most critical health concern, followed by eye irritation and dizziness which indicate noticeable health effects linked to exposure. Approximately 50 per cent of the farmers reported Cyclone (Chlorpyrifos) as the most harmful chemical. These findings underline paths leading towards the need for alignment of educational interventions, policy support, and the promotion of sustainable agricultural practices to mitigate adverse effects while ensuring economic viability forapple cultivation in Kashmir.
{"title":"Chemical technology adoption and risk awareness among apple growers of Kashmir","authors":"Irtiqa Malik, F.A. Shaheen, Sajad A. Saraf, Shoukat Ara, J. A. Wani, M. Amin Mir, Farooq Ahmad Lone","doi":"10.5958/2349-297x.2025.00043.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5958/2349-297x.2025.00043.3","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractThe adoption of chemical technologies, such as pesticides and fertilizers, plays a significant role in enhancing apple cultivation productivity in Kashmir, a region known for its high-value apple cultivation. The reliance on fertilizers and pesticides in modern agriculture is widespread, driven by the need to enhance crop quality and meet global food demands. However, it is imperative to weight these technologies against environmental and health implications by thorough analysis towards balancing productivity with sustainability. The present study investigates the risks associated with such technologies, and perceived impacts on the environment as a consequence of the use of chemical technology by the apple farmers. We adopt a mixed-method approach through structured surveys driven by Garret’s ranking technique to prioritize farmers’ concerns regarding various identified parameters. Overall, 300 apple farmers were surveyed from the major apple-growing districts of Kashmir. The results are reported with regard to two dimensions, viz., (i) signifying impacts on health and (ii) signifying impacts on environment. The results reveal pesticide resistance, impact on water quality, and emergence of pests and diseases as the most pressing environmental concerns, with significant implications for ecosystem balance and agricultural productivity. The results highlight headache as the most critical health concern, followed by eye irritation and dizziness which indicate noticeable health effects linked to exposure. Approximately 50 per cent of the farmers reported Cyclone (Chlorpyrifos) as the most harmful chemical. These findings underline paths leading towards the need for alignment of educational interventions, policy support, and the promotion of sustainable agricultural practices to mitigate adverse effects while ensuring economic viability forapple cultivation in Kashmir.","PeriodicalId":260908,"journal":{"name":"SKUAST Journal of Research","volume":"27 3","pages":"373-382"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147902180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
AbstractMaize has been an important cereal crop owing to its highest production potential and wider adaptability to varied agro-climatic conditions hence it is called as ‘Queen of Cereals’. The production potential of forage maize can be altered with changes in agronomic practices. The present study was undertaken with the objective to improve the growth attributing traits of forage maize (Shalimar Fodder Maize-1). The experiment consisted of two factors viz., three planting densities (viz., D1= 30cm × 10cm, D2= 40cm × 10cm, and D3= 50cm × 10cm) and five nitrogen levels (viz., N1= Control, N2= 75% RDN, N3= 100% RDN, N4= 125% RDN, N5= 150% RDN) laid out in split plot design (SPD) taking planting densities as main plot treatments and nitrogen levels as subplot treatments with three replications. The growth parameters such as plant height, leaf area index, dry matter accumulation and crop growth rate were significantly higher when plants were grown at a density of 30 cm × 10 cm with a nitrogen level of150 % RDN.
{"title":"Evaluation of fodder maize (Shalimar Fodder Maize-1) to planting density and nitrogen levels under temperate conditions","authors":"Akhlaq Amin Wani, F. Rasool, Latief Ahmad, M.I. Bhat, Kahkashan Qayoom","doi":"10.5958/2349-297x.2025.00023.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5958/2349-297x.2025.00023.7","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractMaize has been an important cereal crop owing to its highest production potential and wider adaptability to varied agro-climatic conditions hence it is called as ‘Queen of Cereals’. The production potential of forage maize can be altered with changes in agronomic practices. The present study was undertaken with the objective to improve the growth attributing traits of forage maize (Shalimar Fodder Maize-1). The experiment consisted of two factors viz., three planting densities (viz., D1= 30cm × 10cm, D2= 40cm × 10cm, and D3= 50cm × 10cm) and five nitrogen levels (viz., N1= Control, N2= 75% RDN, N3= 100% RDN, N4= 125% RDN, N5= 150% RDN) laid out in split plot design (SPD) taking planting densities as main plot treatments and nitrogen levels as subplot treatments with three replications. The growth parameters such as plant height, leaf area index, dry matter accumulation and crop growth rate were significantly higher when plants were grown at a density of 30 cm × 10 cm with a nitrogen level of150 % RDN.","PeriodicalId":260908,"journal":{"name":"SKUAST Journal of Research","volume":"27 2","pages":"238-245"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.indianjournals.com/ijor.aspx?target=ijor:skuastjr&volume=27&issue=2&article=009&type=pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147907966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
AbstractTaraxacum officinale (dandelion) powder (DLP) {1%} was optimized among 1, 2 and 3% DLP levels for the development of functional chicken meat loaves based on the various physico-chemical, microbiological and sensory properties done in the preliminary trials. In this study, the T0 (control) and T1 (1% DLP) was incorporated in the chicken meat loaves packaged in LDPE pouches and stored at 4±1°C for 28 days. The samples were evaluated at regular interval of 7 days for various physico-chemical, antioxidant, microbiological and sensory quality parameters during the storage period. The pH and TBARS showed significant increase while as moisture and DPPH-RSA (%) values followed significant decrease with advancement of storage. The DLP improved the functional value of the product as depicted by enhanced DPPH-RSA (%) and lowered TBARS values when compared with control. The total plate count (log cfu/g) exhibited significant increase from the beginning, coliform count (log cfu/g) exhibited significant increase after 14 days, yeast and mould (log cfu/g) exhibited significant increase after 21 days of the storage period. The values for all microbiological parameters were within the acceptable limits throughout the storage period, although the sensory scores decreased with storage period for all attributes but remained acceptable up to 21 days. The increase in various microbiological parameters and the decrease in sensory attributes was slower (desirable) in case of functional chicken loaves incorporated with DLP. Thus, it can be concluded DLP can be efficiently incorporated in chicken meat for the development of functional chicken meat loaves without having any adverse effects during the refrigerated storage under aerobic conditions.
{"title":"Evaluation of the Taraxacum officinale (Dandelion) powder as an anti-oxidant source to enhance the storage stability of chicken meat loaves","authors":"Sadiya Sajad, Hafsa Imtiyaz Chisti, Shameem Ahmad, Tarteela Haq, AH Sofi, Shayista Akhter","doi":"10.5958/2349-297x.2025.00026.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5958/2349-297x.2025.00026.6","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractTaraxacum officinale (dandelion) powder (DLP) {1%} was optimized among 1, 2 and 3% DLP levels for the development of functional chicken meat loaves based on the various physico-chemical, microbiological and sensory properties done in the preliminary trials. In this study, the T0 (control) and T1 (1% DLP) was incorporated in the chicken meat loaves packaged in LDPE pouches and stored at 4±1°C for 28 days. The samples were evaluated at regular interval of 7 days for various physico-chemical, antioxidant, microbiological and sensory quality parameters during the storage period. The pH and TBARS showed significant increase while as moisture and DPPH-RSA (%) values followed significant decrease with advancement of storage. The DLP improved the functional value of the product as depicted by enhanced DPPH-RSA (%) and lowered TBARS values when compared with control. The total plate count (log cfu/g) exhibited significant increase from the beginning, coliform count (log cfu/g) exhibited significant increase after 14 days, yeast and mould (log cfu/g) exhibited significant increase after 21 days of the storage period. The values for all microbiological parameters were within the acceptable limits throughout the storage period, although the sensory scores decreased with storage period for all attributes but remained acceptable up to 21 days. The increase in various microbiological parameters and the decrease in sensory attributes was slower (desirable) in case of functional chicken loaves incorporated with DLP. Thus, it can be concluded DLP can be efficiently incorporated in chicken meat for the development of functional chicken meat loaves without having any adverse effects during the refrigerated storage under aerobic conditions.","PeriodicalId":260908,"journal":{"name":"SKUAST Journal of Research","volume":"27 2","pages":"292-299"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.indianjournals.com/ijor.aspx?target=ijor:skuastjr&volume=27&issue=2&article=016&type=pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147914891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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