Pub Date : 2000-05-07DOI: 10.1109/ICPS.2000.854357
G. W. Massey
This paper discusses the events surrounding the catastrophic failure of a 1500 kVA, 13.2 kV/480 V, delta-delta cast-coil transformer. The transformer supplied a 480 V, three-phase, three-wire distribution switchboard serving HVAC and miscellaneous motor loads. Both utility feeders supplying the 15 kV switchboard suffered faulted operating conditions exterior to the building and were de-energized. The transformer subsequently failed after switching operations in the 15 kV switchboard supplying the transformer. The pages that follow examine the final condition of the transformer and enclosure, along with the 15 kV switchboard serving the transformer and the 480 V switchboard served by the transformer, to speculate how the transformer failed.
{"title":"Failure analysis of a 1500 kVA 13.2 kV/480 volt, delta-delta transformer","authors":"G. W. Massey","doi":"10.1109/ICPS.2000.854357","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICPS.2000.854357","url":null,"abstract":"This paper discusses the events surrounding the catastrophic failure of a 1500 kVA, 13.2 kV/480 V, delta-delta cast-coil transformer. The transformer supplied a 480 V, three-phase, three-wire distribution switchboard serving HVAC and miscellaneous motor loads. Both utility feeders supplying the 15 kV switchboard suffered faulted operating conditions exterior to the building and were de-energized. The transformer subsequently failed after switching operations in the 15 kV switchboard supplying the transformer. The pages that follow examine the final condition of the transformer and enclosure, along with the 15 kV switchboard serving the transformer and the 480 V switchboard served by the transformer, to speculate how the transformer failed.","PeriodicalId":273686,"journal":{"name":"2000 IEEE Industrial and Commercial Power Systems Technical Conference. Conference Record (Cat. No.00CH37053)","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123506146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2000-05-07DOI: 10.1109/ICPS.2000.854364
M. Nguyen, Weijen Lee
Harmonics can create unwanted impacts on power systems and to end-users. Electrical utilities, manufacturers and customers have been bothered by harmonic distortion problems in power systems. IEEE-519 has set up a recommended practice on this issue that has been adopted by many utility companies. In order to ensure power quality within their service territory, the utility industry has established a scheme to identify harmonic sources that exceed the limits. This harmonic source identification scheme works in most cases. However, it may affect normal operation of the system under certain conditions. In addition, it may miss important system phenomena such as resonance. This paper presents an approach to locate the harmonic sources in a radial distribution feeder that can minimize the interference of normal operation. It enhances the ability to identify the current harmonic source. A sample system is used to illustrate this approach and simulation results are presented.
{"title":"An approach to enhance the harmonic sources identification process","authors":"M. Nguyen, Weijen Lee","doi":"10.1109/ICPS.2000.854364","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICPS.2000.854364","url":null,"abstract":"Harmonics can create unwanted impacts on power systems and to end-users. Electrical utilities, manufacturers and customers have been bothered by harmonic distortion problems in power systems. IEEE-519 has set up a recommended practice on this issue that has been adopted by many utility companies. In order to ensure power quality within their service territory, the utility industry has established a scheme to identify harmonic sources that exceed the limits. This harmonic source identification scheme works in most cases. However, it may affect normal operation of the system under certain conditions. In addition, it may miss important system phenomena such as resonance. This paper presents an approach to locate the harmonic sources in a radial distribution feeder that can minimize the interference of normal operation. It enhances the ability to identify the current harmonic source. A sample system is used to illustrate this approach and simulation results are presented.","PeriodicalId":273686,"journal":{"name":"2000 IEEE Industrial and Commercial Power Systems Technical Conference. Conference Record (Cat. No.00CH37053)","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115911699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2000-05-07DOI: 10.1109/ICPS.2000.854350
H.C. van Niekerk, I. Hofsajer
Voltage distortion is seen as an interference on the nominal frequency, amplitude or shape of a voltage waveform. The most frequent voltage distortion is in the amplitude and shape of the voltage waveform. In this paper, the voltage distortion in a rural distribution network is investigated and some of the problems experienced in this area are discussed. An increasingly popular form of rural electrification is that of single wire earth return (SWER) lines. This is a low cost method of electrifying small and remote communities fairly economically. This form of distribution is however prone to voltage distortion due to its high regulation. The question is posed as to how the voltage quality supplied to these users can be economically controlled. Not only can this be a solution to the voltage quality problem, but it can possibly increase the load capacity per line in cases where the capacity is limited by voltage regulation. A closer look is taken at the use of series injection to supply the additional voltage required to compensate for voltage regulation. An experimental setup is made to evaluate the argument in a practical manner. The experiment also served to provide confirmation of the required capacity of the series voltage source used for the series injection.
{"title":"The use of series injection to eliminate voltage distortion in low and medium voltage networks","authors":"H.C. van Niekerk, I. Hofsajer","doi":"10.1109/ICPS.2000.854350","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICPS.2000.854350","url":null,"abstract":"Voltage distortion is seen as an interference on the nominal frequency, amplitude or shape of a voltage waveform. The most frequent voltage distortion is in the amplitude and shape of the voltage waveform. In this paper, the voltage distortion in a rural distribution network is investigated and some of the problems experienced in this area are discussed. An increasingly popular form of rural electrification is that of single wire earth return (SWER) lines. This is a low cost method of electrifying small and remote communities fairly economically. This form of distribution is however prone to voltage distortion due to its high regulation. The question is posed as to how the voltage quality supplied to these users can be economically controlled. Not only can this be a solution to the voltage quality problem, but it can possibly increase the load capacity per line in cases where the capacity is limited by voltage regulation. A closer look is taken at the use of series injection to supply the additional voltage required to compensate for voltage regulation. An experimental setup is made to evaluate the argument in a practical manner. The experiment also served to provide confirmation of the required capacity of the series voltage source used for the series injection.","PeriodicalId":273686,"journal":{"name":"2000 IEEE Industrial and Commercial Power Systems Technical Conference. Conference Record (Cat. No.00CH37053)","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134368135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2000-05-07DOI: 10.1109/ICPS.2000.854352
W. Charytoniuk, W. Lee, M. Chen, J. Cultrera, T. Maffetone
In some circumstances, arcing faults on insulated low-voltage conductors can sustain or reignite intermittently for several or even several dozen minutes, generating large amounts of heat and gases. In underground secondary distribution cables in ducts, the decomposition gases escape to the ends of the duct, typically manholes, where they can ignite fire or explode throwing out the manhole cover. Detection of arcing faults may be difficult using standard overcurrent protections because some arcing faults generate relatively low currents. To study the feasibility of detecting arcing faults in underground networks, Consolidated Edison's personnel conducted an experiment in one secondary network by staging arcing faults and collecting data at the fault location and several nearby vaults. The data were analyzed to examine the feasibility of developing a detection algorithm. This paper presents some results of this analysis in time, frequency and time-frequency domains.
{"title":"Arcing fault detection in underground distribution networks feasibility study","authors":"W. Charytoniuk, W. Lee, M. Chen, J. Cultrera, T. Maffetone","doi":"10.1109/ICPS.2000.854352","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICPS.2000.854352","url":null,"abstract":"In some circumstances, arcing faults on insulated low-voltage conductors can sustain or reignite intermittently for several or even several dozen minutes, generating large amounts of heat and gases. In underground secondary distribution cables in ducts, the decomposition gases escape to the ends of the duct, typically manholes, where they can ignite fire or explode throwing out the manhole cover. Detection of arcing faults may be difficult using standard overcurrent protections because some arcing faults generate relatively low currents. To study the feasibility of detecting arcing faults in underground networks, Consolidated Edison's personnel conducted an experiment in one secondary network by staging arcing faults and collecting data at the fault location and several nearby vaults. The data were analyzed to examine the feasibility of developing a detection algorithm. This paper presents some results of this analysis in time, frequency and time-frequency domains.","PeriodicalId":273686,"journal":{"name":"2000 IEEE Industrial and Commercial Power Systems Technical Conference. Conference Record (Cat. No.00CH37053)","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114170692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2000-05-07DOI: 10.1109/ICPS.2000.854353
Dev Paul
The unpredictable threat of transient overvoltages is ever increasing in today's low voltage power supplies for every aspect of industry. To calculate the magnitude, duration and energy of such transient overvoltages is not an easy task. Some loads are becoming very sensitive to such overvoltages, thereby creating a challenge for the application engineer to design a reliable power supply system. To apply surge overvoltage mitigation devices requires technical knowledge to understand their application limitations and configuration within a power system. Technical overview of fundamentals of transients and associated noise is presented. The importance of understanding applicable UL, IEEE and IEC Standards, and thorough review of manufacturers' data on transient voltage surge suppressors (TVSS) is included. TVSS testing requirements per Second edition of UL 1449 is presented. An overview of how to design a low voltage power supply system to suppress transient overvoltages is included.
{"title":"Low voltage power system surge overvoltage protection","authors":"Dev Paul","doi":"10.1109/ICPS.2000.854353","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICPS.2000.854353","url":null,"abstract":"The unpredictable threat of transient overvoltages is ever increasing in today's low voltage power supplies for every aspect of industry. To calculate the magnitude, duration and energy of such transient overvoltages is not an easy task. Some loads are becoming very sensitive to such overvoltages, thereby creating a challenge for the application engineer to design a reliable power supply system. To apply surge overvoltage mitigation devices requires technical knowledge to understand their application limitations and configuration within a power system. Technical overview of fundamentals of transients and associated noise is presented. The importance of understanding applicable UL, IEEE and IEC Standards, and thorough review of manufacturers' data on transient voltage surge suppressors (TVSS) is included. TVSS testing requirements per Second edition of UL 1449 is presented. An overview of how to design a low voltage power supply system to suppress transient overvoltages is included.","PeriodicalId":273686,"journal":{"name":"2000 IEEE Industrial and Commercial Power Systems Technical Conference. Conference Record (Cat. No.00CH37053)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116992383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2000-05-07DOI: 10.1109/ICPS.2000.854354
P. S. Hale, Robert G. Arno
This paper presents the culmination of a 24000 man-hour effort to collect operational and maintenance data on 204 power generation, power distribution and HVAC items, including gas turbine generators, diesel engine generators, electrical switchgear, cables, circuit breakers, boilers, piping, valves, pumps, motors and chillers. The data collection process and the resultant data are the subject of this paper. The primary purpose of the data collection effort was to provide more current equipment reliability and availability data when performing a facility reliability/availability assessment. Information was obtained on a variety of commercial and industrial facility types with varying degrees of maintenance quality. Data collection guidelines and goals were established to ensure that sufficient operational and maintenance data were collected for statistically valid analysis. A database system, with flexible output capabilities, was developed to track both the equipment information and the contact information. The levels of data quality and maintenance quality were assessed during the analysis phase of the project. The results indicated that the maintenance quality level was a major predictor of equipment availability, therefore, the availability values presented represent an average maintenance program across all the data sources. In addition, the information obtained can aid facility designers and engineers in evaluating different designs to minimize production/mission failure and to estimate the down times associated with various systems or sub-systems.
{"title":"Survey of reliability and availability information for power distribution, power generation, and HVAC components for commercial, industrial, and utility installations","authors":"P. S. Hale, Robert G. Arno","doi":"10.1109/ICPS.2000.854354","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICPS.2000.854354","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the culmination of a 24000 man-hour effort to collect operational and maintenance data on 204 power generation, power distribution and HVAC items, including gas turbine generators, diesel engine generators, electrical switchgear, cables, circuit breakers, boilers, piping, valves, pumps, motors and chillers. The data collection process and the resultant data are the subject of this paper. The primary purpose of the data collection effort was to provide more current equipment reliability and availability data when performing a facility reliability/availability assessment. Information was obtained on a variety of commercial and industrial facility types with varying degrees of maintenance quality. Data collection guidelines and goals were established to ensure that sufficient operational and maintenance data were collected for statistically valid analysis. A database system, with flexible output capabilities, was developed to track both the equipment information and the contact information. The levels of data quality and maintenance quality were assessed during the analysis phase of the project. The results indicated that the maintenance quality level was a major predictor of equipment availability, therefore, the availability values presented represent an average maintenance program across all the data sources. In addition, the information obtained can aid facility designers and engineers in evaluating different designs to minimize production/mission failure and to estimate the down times associated with various systems or sub-systems.","PeriodicalId":273686,"journal":{"name":"2000 IEEE Industrial and Commercial Power Systems Technical Conference. Conference Record (Cat. No.00CH37053)","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125096744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2000-05-07DOI: 10.1109/ICPS.2000.854368
D. Zipse
The end may be near for the two hundred year old method of using a Franklin rod to collect, control and convey to earth the awesome and destructive power of lightning. The side effects of allowing thousands of amperes to flow adjacent to and near computers and sensitive electronic equipment can be considered foolhardy and costly. The Charge Transfer System of preventing lightning strikes to protected areas is a valid concept and will replace the Franklin rod method in many applications. The changes that are occurring with lightning protection technology include the renewed debate over sharp pointed versus blunt rods. The advent of a method for the detection and measuring the magnitude of lightning strikes is replacing the old isokeraunic level charts. Promulgation of a standard for early streamer emission, prevented by what can be considered as an act of restraint of trade, has resulted in legal action being taken against the National Fire Protection Association and others.
{"title":"Lightning protection methods: an update and a discredited system vindicated","authors":"D. Zipse","doi":"10.1109/ICPS.2000.854368","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICPS.2000.854368","url":null,"abstract":"The end may be near for the two hundred year old method of using a Franklin rod to collect, control and convey to earth the awesome and destructive power of lightning. The side effects of allowing thousands of amperes to flow adjacent to and near computers and sensitive electronic equipment can be considered foolhardy and costly. The Charge Transfer System of preventing lightning strikes to protected areas is a valid concept and will replace the Franklin rod method in many applications. The changes that are occurring with lightning protection technology include the renewed debate over sharp pointed versus blunt rods. The advent of a method for the detection and measuring the magnitude of lightning strikes is replacing the old isokeraunic level charts. Promulgation of a standard for early streamer emission, prevented by what can be considered as an act of restraint of trade, has resulted in legal action being taken against the National Fire Protection Association and others.","PeriodicalId":273686,"journal":{"name":"2000 IEEE Industrial and Commercial Power Systems Technical Conference. Conference Record (Cat. No.00CH37053)","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123570833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2000-05-07DOI: 10.1109/ICPS.2000.854361
G. Parise, S. Annibaldi, L. Martirano
The European Standard EN 50110-1 "Operation of electrical installations" sets out the requirements for the safe operation of and work activity on, with, or near electrical installations. In Europe there are many national laws, standards and internal rules dealing with the matters coming within the scope of this standard and these practices have been taken as a basis for this standard. This paper summarizes the Std. EN 50110-1, showing in comparison definitions and terms adopted by the IEEE Standard 902. It is believed to be a first decisive step to the gradual alignment in Europe of the safety levels associated with the operation of, work activity on, with, or near electrical installations. This document acknowledges the present different national requirements for safety. The intention is, over the course of time, to create a common level of safety. Even the best rules and procedures are of no value unless all persons working on, with, or near electrical installations are thoroughly conversant with them and with all legal requirements and comply strictly with them. Considering that the possibility of injury is not avoidable, to guarantee and to reward the efforts for the best safety, the judgement of working accidents should be given out by persons of competence qualifying them like skilled or instructed persons.
{"title":"Safe operation of electrical installations in EU","authors":"G. Parise, S. Annibaldi, L. Martirano","doi":"10.1109/ICPS.2000.854361","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICPS.2000.854361","url":null,"abstract":"The European Standard EN 50110-1 \"Operation of electrical installations\" sets out the requirements for the safe operation of and work activity on, with, or near electrical installations. In Europe there are many national laws, standards and internal rules dealing with the matters coming within the scope of this standard and these practices have been taken as a basis for this standard. This paper summarizes the Std. EN 50110-1, showing in comparison definitions and terms adopted by the IEEE Standard 902. It is believed to be a first decisive step to the gradual alignment in Europe of the safety levels associated with the operation of, work activity on, with, or near electrical installations. This document acknowledges the present different national requirements for safety. The intention is, over the course of time, to create a common level of safety. Even the best rules and procedures are of no value unless all persons working on, with, or near electrical installations are thoroughly conversant with them and with all legal requirements and comply strictly with them. Considering that the possibility of injury is not avoidable, to guarantee and to reward the efforts for the best safety, the judgement of working accidents should be given out by persons of competence qualifying them like skilled or instructed persons.","PeriodicalId":273686,"journal":{"name":"2000 IEEE Industrial and Commercial Power Systems Technical Conference. Conference Record (Cat. No.00CH37053)","volume":"25 3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124582985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2000-05-07DOI: 10.1109/ICPS.2000.854366
M. Baran, W. Tocharoenchai, K. Craven, A. Kelley
This paper investigates the effects of power supply surges on a personal computer (PC) connected to a local area network (LAN). The surges simulated include the most common ones: surges due to lightning and capacitor switching, and fast transients due to operation of nearby end-use devices. Test results indicate that the PCs are quite immune to most of the power supply surges. Test results also give important hints towards investigating the power quality problems related to computer loads.
{"title":"Effects of power supply surges on personal computers","authors":"M. Baran, W. Tocharoenchai, K. Craven, A. Kelley","doi":"10.1109/ICPS.2000.854366","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICPS.2000.854366","url":null,"abstract":"This paper investigates the effects of power supply surges on a personal computer (PC) connected to a local area network (LAN). The surges simulated include the most common ones: surges due to lightning and capacitor switching, and fast transients due to operation of nearby end-use devices. Test results indicate that the PCs are quite immune to most of the power supply surges. Test results also give important hints towards investigating the power quality problems related to computer loads.","PeriodicalId":273686,"journal":{"name":"2000 IEEE Industrial and Commercial Power Systems Technical Conference. Conference Record (Cat. No.00CH37053)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127979921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2000-05-07DOI: 10.1109/ICPS.2000.854358
L. Powell
In recent years, the practice of connecting small turbine generators on solidly grounded medium voltage systems has become increasingly more popular. This practice introduces unique problems because of the relatively high magnitude of phase-to-ground fault current available on effectively grounded systems, and requires that special consideration be given to the increased risk of serious generator stator iron damage that can result. This paper extends earlier work on the relationship between grounding practices and generator stator ground fault damage to the special case of these solidly grounded systems.
{"title":"Stator fault damage considerations for generators on solidly grounded systems","authors":"L. Powell","doi":"10.1109/ICPS.2000.854358","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICPS.2000.854358","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, the practice of connecting small turbine generators on solidly grounded medium voltage systems has become increasingly more popular. This practice introduces unique problems because of the relatively high magnitude of phase-to-ground fault current available on effectively grounded systems, and requires that special consideration be given to the increased risk of serious generator stator iron damage that can result. This paper extends earlier work on the relationship between grounding practices and generator stator ground fault damage to the special case of these solidly grounded systems.","PeriodicalId":273686,"journal":{"name":"2000 IEEE Industrial and Commercial Power Systems Technical Conference. Conference Record (Cat. No.00CH37053)","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129237929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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