Corrosion Science最新文献_第3页

Explainable artificial intelligence for visual fingerprinting of copper tubes' atmospheric corrosion in diverse environments 可解释的人工智能在不同环境下对铜管大气腐蚀进行视觉指纹识别

IF 7.4 1区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Corrosion Science

Pub Date : 2026-04-15 Epub Date: 2026-01-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.corsci.2026.113670

Guoyu Tong , Liping Wu , Xiuling Shang , Xiaoying Sun , Dongjiu Zhang , Changgang Wang

The corrosion behavior of copper in atmospheric environments is significantly influenced by regional climate. To achieve rapid, in-situ identification and provenance tracing of corrosion status, this study proposes an intelligent analysis method integrating real-field images and explainable machine learning. Departing from planar specimens, this work employs three-dimensional pure copper tubes for greater engineering representativeness. These were exposed outdoors for 2–24 months in three typical environments: Wenchang (marine), Chongqing (urban), and Qingdao (industrial–marine) of China. A dataset of 1500 macroscopic corrosion images was constructed using smartphones, addressing challenges like uneven illumination on curved surfaces. A set of 24 color and texture features was extracted, and six machine learning models were employed for regional classification. The Support Vector Machine (SVM) achieved optimal performance, attaining 99.67 % test accuracy using data mixed from all exposure periods. All models achieved test set accuracies of 96 % or higher, confirming the method's capability to capture regional corrosion visual features that are resistant to temporal variations. Explainability techniques, including feature importance analysis and SLIC superpixel heatmaps, revealed the mean blue and red channel values, blue channel standard deviation, and image entropy as the most critical discriminative features. These features possess clear physical correlations with the chemical composition, spatial distribution, and morphological complexity of corrosion products, constructing an interpretive bridge between macroscopic image features and microscopic corrosion mechanisms. This study validates the feasibility of using smartphones and machine learning for high-accuracy corrosion provenance tracing in complex, real-world scenarios, providing a scientific paradigm and practical foundation for intelligent corrosion diagnosis.

铜在大气环境中的腐蚀行为受区域气候的显著影响。为了实现腐蚀状态的快速、原位识别和来源追踪，本研究提出了一种集成实景图像和可解释机器学习的智能分析方法。与平面试样不同，本作品采用三维纯铜管，具有更大的工程代表性。在中国文昌（海洋）、重庆（城市）和青岛（工业-海洋）三个典型环境中进行2-24个月的户外暴露。使用智能手机构建了1500张宏观腐蚀图像的数据集，解决了曲面光照不均匀等问题。提取了一组24个颜色和纹理特征，并使用6个机器学习模型进行区域分类。支持向量机（SVM）获得了最佳性能，使用所有暴露期的混合数据达到99.67 %的测试准确率。所有模型都达到了96% %或更高的测试集精度，证实了该方法能够捕获抵抗时间变化的区域腐蚀视觉特征。包括特征重要性分析和SLIC超像素热图在内的可解释性技术揭示了蓝色和红色通道平均值、蓝色通道标准差和图像熵是最关键的判别特征。这些特征与腐蚀产物的化学成分、空间分布和形态复杂性具有明确的物理相关性，在宏观图像特征和微观腐蚀机制之间架起了解释的桥梁。该研究验证了在复杂的真实场景中使用智能手机和机器学习进行高精度腐蚀来源追踪的可行性，为智能腐蚀诊断提供了科学范式和实践基础。

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引用次数: 0

The dual and decoupled roles of ultra-low sulfur content in the stress corrosion cracking of a 17–4PH martensitic steel in geothermal environments 地热环境中超低硫含量对17-4PH马氏体钢应力腐蚀开裂的双重和非耦合作用

IF 7.4 1区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Corrosion Science

Pub Date : 2026-04-15 Epub Date: 2026-02-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.corsci.2026.113688

Pan Liu , Yasuaki Watanabe , Yunlong Wu , Mitsuo Yamashita , Sakae Izumi , Xiangyu Zhong , Jun Chai , Qinhao Zhang , Fahe Cao , Yutaka Watanabe , Tetsuo Shoji

The influence of ultra-low sulfur content on the stress corrosion cracking (SCC) susceptibility of 17–4PH martensitic steel was systematically investigated in a simulated H₂S-containing geothermal environment. Through a combination of advanced experimental characterization and first-principles calculations, we demonstrate that reducing the sulfur content from 0.003 wt% to an ultra-low 0.0006 wt% markedly enhances SCC resistance. This enhancement arises from a synergistic mitigation of both anodic dissolution and hydrogen embrittlement mechanisms. The ultra-low-sulfur steel develops a thicker, less defective, and more chemically stable passive film, while the refinement of electrochemically active sulfide inclusions suppresses the initiation of critical-sized corrosion pits. While the inherent strong irreversible hydrogen traps associated with sulfide inclusions decreases, the overall interplay between the anodic and cathodic effects of sulfide inclusions results in improved SCC resistance. Density functional theory (DFT) and ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) simulations assisted by machine-learning force fields (ML-FFs) were employed to decouple the distinct roles of the main sulfide inclusions. These calculations unambiguously identify MnS interfaces as strong thermodynamic traps (E_form=-2.51 eV) but slow diffusion paths, whereas NbS₂ interfaces are weak traps but serve as rapid diffusion pathways. The improved performance is therefore a direct consequence of eliminating the deleterious MnS inclusions, which act simultaneously as pit initiation sites, catalytic surfaces for hydrogen ingress, and the dominant deep traps for hydrogen accumulation.

在模拟含硫化氢的地热环境中，系统研究了超低硫含量对17-4PH马氏体钢应力腐蚀开裂敏感性的影响。通过先进的实验表征和第一性原理计算相结合，我们证明，将硫含量从0.003 wt%降低到超低的0.0006 wt%，可以显著提高抗SCC能力。这种增强源于阳极溶解和氢脆机制的协同缓解。超低硫钢形成了更厚、缺陷更少、化学性质更稳定的钝化膜，而电化学活性硫化物夹杂物的细化抑制了临界尺寸腐蚀坑的形成。虽然与硫化物包裹体相关的固有的强不可逆氢阱减少，但硫化物包裹体的阳极和阴极效应之间的总体相互作用导致了SCC抗性的提高。采用密度泛函理论（DFT）和机器学习力场（ML-FFs）辅助的从头算分子动力学（AIMD）模拟来解耦主要硫化物包裹体的不同作用。这些计算明确地确定了MnS界面为强热力学陷阱（Eform=-2.51 eV），但扩散路径缓慢，而NbS2界面为弱陷阱，但具有快速扩散路径。因此，性能的提高是消除有害的MnS内含物的直接结果，MnS内含物同时作为深坑起始点、氢进入的催化表面和氢积累的主要深层圈闭。

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引用次数: 0

Corrosion fatigue behavior of Ti-4Al-6Mo-2V-5Cr-2Zr alloy with different microstructures in 3.5 % NaCl solution 不同组织Ti-4Al-6Mo-2V-5Cr-2Zr合金在3.5 % NaCl溶液中的腐蚀疲劳行为

IF 7.4 1区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Corrosion Science

Pub Date : 2026-04-15 Epub Date: 2026-01-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.corsci.2026.113645

Shengyuan Wang , Ruochong Liu , Haoyu Zhang , Ge Zhou , Xiao-Bo Chen , Lijia Chen

Ti-4Al-6Mo-2V-5Cr-2Zr alloy with different microstructures was prepared through two heat treatment processes (STA 1 and STA 2), and its corrosion fatigue behavior in a 3.5 % NaCl solution was investigated. STA 1 forms a hierarchical nanostructure (HN) containing coarse grain boundary α (GB α), primary α (α_p), and nanoscale secondary α (α_s) with significant elemental segregation. In contrast, STA 2 forms a lamellar structure (LM) composed of fine, needle-like α_s with uniform element distribution. Results indicate that LM has better corrosion resistance, its passive film resistance (4.328 ×10⁶ Ω·cm²) is higher than that of HN (1.101 ×10⁶ Ω·cm², 6.9 nm). In a 3.5 % NaCl solution, STA 1 shows significant corrosion fatigue behavior, whereas STA 2 does not exhibit any signs of corrosion fatigue. The deformation in HN mainly occurs within the coarse α phase, and the high dislocation density can lead to localized stress concentrations, thereby damaging the passivation film and initiating corrosion fatigue cracks.

采用STA 1和STA 2两种热处理工艺制备了不同组织的Ti-4Al-6Mo-2V-5Cr-2Zr合金，研究了其在3.5 % NaCl溶液中的腐蚀疲劳行为。STA - 1形成含粗晶界α (GB α)、初生α (αp)和纳米级次生α (αs)的分层纳米结构（HN），元素偏析显著。而sta2则形成由细小针状αs组成的片层结构（LM），元素分布均匀。结果表明，LM具有较好的耐蚀性，其钝化膜耐蚀性（4.328 ×106 Ω·cm2）高于HN（1.101 ×106 Ω·cm2, 6.9 nm）。在3.5% % NaCl溶液中，STA 1表现出明显的腐蚀疲劳行为，而STA 2没有表现出任何腐蚀疲劳迹象。HN中的变形主要发生在粗相α内，高位错密度会导致局部应力集中，破坏钝化膜，引发腐蚀疲劳裂纹。

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引用次数: 0

Oxidation of Co and two architectured CeO2-Co coated ferritic stainless steel for SOC interconnect application: Description, kinetics, and mechanism 氧化Co和两种结构CeO2-Co涂层铁素体不锈钢用于SOC互连应用：描述，动力学和机制

IF 7.4 1区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Corrosion Science

Pub Date : 2026-04-15 Epub Date: 2026-01-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.corsci.2026.113637

Mathilde Bouvier , Antoine Casadebaigt , Sophie Bosonnet , Theo Dejob , Gwladys Steciuk , Karine Couturier , Jolan Bestautte , Justine Poncelet , Fabien Rouillard

The oxidation behaviour of bare AISI 441, as well as Co-, CeO₂-Co-, and Co-CeO₂- coated samples intended for SOC interconnect applications, was investigated at 800 °C in air using short- and long-term oxidation kinetics together with Cr vaporization measurements. All coatings significantly reduced both Cr vaporization and the growth rate of the chromia scale. The lowest oxidation kinetics were obtained for the Co coatings containing CeO₂, irrespective of whether the CeO₂ layer was placed above or below the Co layer. However, the chemical composition and microstructural evolution of the oxide scale were influenced by the relative positioning of the CeO₂ layer. Microstructural analyses of the scale formed during the heating ramp, together with its evolution during prolonged exposures of up to 5000 h, made it possible to propose an oxidation mechanism for all coating configurations and to clarify the role of Ce in controlling the oxide growth rate.

在800°C的空气中，使用短期和长期氧化动力学以及Cr蒸发测量，研究了裸AISI 441以及用于SOC互连应用的Co-， CeO2-Co-和Co- ceo2 -涂层样品的氧化行为。所有涂层均显著降低了铬的汽化和铬垢的生长速度。无论CeO2层位于Co层之上还是之下，含CeO2的Co涂层的氧化动力学都最低。CeO2层的相对位置影响氧化层的化学组成和微观结构演变。在加热斜坡过程中形成的水垢的微观结构分析，以及在长达5000 h的长时间暴露期间的演变，使我们有可能提出所有涂层结构的氧化机制，并阐明Ce在控制氧化物生长速率中的作用。

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引用次数: 0

Tailoring multi-level hydrogen trap architecture in low-alloy steel via vibration-assisted forming for enhanced hydrogen embrittlement resistance 通过振动辅助成形在低合金钢中剪裁多级氢阱结构，以增强抗氢脆性

IF 7.4 1区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Corrosion Science

Pub Date : 2026-04-15 Epub Date: 2026-02-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.corsci.2026.113686

Lingxiao Li , Lunsu Liang , Ronglai Xie , Zengtao Chen , Minghao Zhao , Xiaohua Liu , Gang Wang , Minghan Sun

Controlling hydrogen distribution is a critical strategy for mitigating hydrogen embrittlement (HE) in structural steels. Herein, we propose a multi-trap design strategy wherein a mechanical vibration field is introduced during the forming stage of a low-alloy steel. In addition to promoting significant grain and precipitate refinement, this approach uniquely constructs a high density of intragranular planar defects. These defects, acting in synergy with the refined grain boundaries and dispersed precipitates, constitute a multi-trap system that leverages the vast intragranular space to achieve a more homogeneous hydrogen distribution, thereby significantly enhancing HE resistance. Microstructural characterization and thermal desorption spectroscopy of the vibrated samples confirm their superior capability to tailor hydrogen distribution under identical charging conditions. Through a combination of advanced characterization, crystal plasticity finite element modeling, molecular dynamics simulations, and density functional theory calculations, we comprehensively elucidate the microstructural evolution and formation mechanism of these intragranular trapping interfaces. This work quantifies their hydrogen-trapping efficiency and delineates the distinct roles of precipitates and refined grain boundaries in governing the overall hydrogen partitioning. The proposed trap design philosophy and associated processing route offer a promising and scalable pathway for developing commercially viable, bulk HE-resistant alloy steels.

控制氢分布是减轻结构钢氢脆的关键策略。在此，我们提出了一种在低合金钢成形阶段引入机械振动场的多陷阱设计策略。除了促进显著的晶粒和沉淀细化外，这种方法还独特地构建了高密度的晶内平面缺陷。这些缺陷与细化的晶界和分散的析出相协同作用，构成了一个多陷阱体系，利用广阔的晶内空间实现了更均匀的氢分布，从而显著增强了HE阻力。振动样品的微观结构表征和热解吸光谱证实了它们在相同充电条件下定制氢分布的优越能力。通过先进的表征、晶体塑性有限元建模、分子动力学模拟和密度泛函理论计算相结合，全面阐明了这些晶内俘获界面的微观结构演化和形成机制。这项工作量化了它们的氢捕获效率，并描绘了沉淀和细化晶界在控制整体氢分配中的独特作用。提出的捕集器设计理念和相关的加工路线为开发商业上可行的大块抗he合金钢提供了一条有前途和可扩展的途径。

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引用次数: 0

Insight into the corrosion fatigue crack growth mechanism of a ZrSnNb alloy in simulated PWR primary water 模拟压水堆一次水中ZrSnNb合金腐蚀疲劳裂纹扩展机制研究

IF 7.4 1区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Corrosion Science

Pub Date : 2026-04-15 Epub Date: 2026-01-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.corsci.2026.113668

Yuqi Zheng, Jun Xiao, Ting Xiao, Wanli Ma, Jingjing Liao, Yong Chen, Hao Wang, Qi Xu

The corrosion fatigue crack growth (CFCG) behavior of a Zr–Sn–Nb alloy was systematically investigated in simulated PWR primary water (320 °C, 12.5 MPa) under controlled dissolved oxygen (DO: 10–500 ppb) and dissolved hydrogen (DH: 0–30 cc (STP)/kg H₂O) conditions. A pronounced environmental acceleration is demonstrated, with the CFCG rate under low frequency (0.001 Hz), high stress ratio (0.9), and 100 ppb DO exceeding the air value by up to a factor of 250. In contrast, DO and DH variations exhibit only a modest influence on crack growth kinetics within the tested ranges. Microstructural analyses reveal a crack-tip oxide scale predominantly composed of monoclinic ZrO₂, accompanied by limited dislocation activity and extensive needle-shaped hydride precipitation in the adjacent matrix. The observed behavior is consistent with a slip-oxidation-rupture mechanism, which is established as the governing process. These findings underscore that mechanical driving forces (frequency, stress ratio), rather than bulk water redox chemistry, dominate the CFCG response of zirconium alloys in this environment.

在模拟压水堆一次水中（320℃，12.5 MPa），控制溶解氧（DO: 10-500 ppb）和溶解氢（DH: 0-30 cc (STP)/kg H₂O）条件下，系统研究了Zr-Sn-Nb合金的腐蚀疲劳裂纹扩展（CFCG）行为。在低频率（0.001 Hz）、高应力比（0.9）和100 ppb DO下，CFCG速率超过空气值高达250倍，证明了明显的环境加速。相比之下，在测试范围内，DO和DH的变化对裂纹扩展动力学的影响不大。显微组织分析表明，裂纹尖端氧化层主要由单斜ZrO 2组成，位错活性有限，相邻基体中有大量针状氢化物析出。观察到的行为符合滑移-氧化-破裂机制，该机制被确立为控制过程。这些发现强调，机械驱动力（频率、应力比），而不是水氧化还原化学，主导了这种环境下锆合金的CFCG响应。

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引用次数: 0

Synergistic effect of residual stress and hydrogen trapping on pitting corrosion in 2205 duplex stainless steel welded joints 残余应力和氢捕获对2205双相不锈钢焊接接头点蚀的协同作用

IF 7.4 1区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Corrosion Science

Pub Date : 2026-04-15 Epub Date: 2026-01-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.corsci.2026.113671

Puren Liu , Wenhui Ye , Qing Zheng , Lining Xu , Jinyang Zhu , Lijie Qiao

Duplex stainless steels (DSSs) are widely used in hydrogen-containing environments owing to their excellent mechanical properties and corrosion resistance. However, hydrogen-induced localized corrosion, particularly hydrogen damage to welded joints, poses a major challenge that requires further understanding. Accordingly, This study examines a 2205 DSS welded joint using electron backscatter diffraction, hydrogen microprint testing, local electrochemical measurements, and in situ corrosion monitoring. The results show that the heat-affected zone (HAZ) exhibits the highest pitting susceptibility under hydrogen exposure, primarily due to its high residual stress concentration, which promotes localized hydrogen accumulation. This stress-assisted hydrogen enrichment accelerates pit initiation and growth at microstructural features such as inclusions and phase boundaries, ultimately leading to preferential failure in the HAZ. The findings clarify the mechanism of stress‑driven hydrogen localization and its role in corrosion failure, providing a theoretical basis for designing hydrogen-embrittlement-resistant DSS weldments.

双相不锈钢具有优异的机械性能和耐腐蚀性，在含氢环境中得到了广泛的应用。然而，氢引起的局部腐蚀，特别是氢对焊接接头的损伤，是一个需要进一步了解的重大挑战。因此，本研究使用电子背散射衍射、氢微印测试、局部电化学测量和现场腐蚀监测来检查2205 DSS焊接接头。结果表明，热影响区（HAZ）在氢暴露下表现出最高的点蚀敏感性，主要是由于其残余应力浓度高，促进了局部氢的积累。这种应力辅助的氢富集加速了夹杂物和相界等微观结构特征上的坑的形成和生长，最终导致热影响区优先失效。研究结果阐明了应力驱动氢局部化的机理及其在腐蚀失效中的作用，为设计抗氢脆DSS焊件提供了理论依据。

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引用次数: 0

Effect of oxygen on fatigue crack growth in P92 steel at 600 °C: Atmosphere and vacuum 600℃时氧对P92钢疲劳裂纹扩展的影响：气氛和真空

IF 7.4 1区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Corrosion Science

Pub Date : 2026-04-15 Epub Date: 2026-01-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.corsci.2026.113680

Kang-Kang Wang , Xiang-Ren Bai , Nai-Jian Dong , Shuai Chang , Jian-Feng Wen , Ting Ye , Jian-Ping Tan , Xian-Cheng Zhang , Shan-Tung Tu

Oxidation plays a critical role in the fatigue failure of high-temperature alloys, yet its synergy with creep during fatigue crack growth (FCG) remains insufficiently resolved. Here, FCG behavior of P92 steel at 600 °C was quantified under high vacuum (∼10⁻³ Pa) and atmosphere using trapezoidal loading with varying hold times (0–3600 s), to isolate coupled oxidation-creep effects. Relative to vacuum, oxidation in atmosphere accelerated FCG: to reach a 1 mm crack extension, atmosphere required 1585 cycles versus 3051 in vacuum (51.9 % of the cycles). The acceleration intensified with extended holding: at ΔK = 38.4 MPa·m^0.5 with a hold time of 3600 s, the atmospheric da/dN was approximately 4.28 times the vacuum value. A ΔK-dependent transition was identified: oxidation elevated da/dN below approximately 35–40 MPa·m^0.5, whereas rates in atmosphere and vacuum converged at higher ΔK (dominated by mechanical driving force). Mechanistically, atmosphere promoted fatigue-dominated transgranular cracking via cyclic crack-tip oxide fracture/reformation, whereas longer hold time in vacuum shift the path from transgranular to mixed trans/intergranular with creep cavity nucleation along boundaries. Oxide analysis showed a stratified scale with an Fe-rich outer layer and a Cr-enriched inner layer adjacent to the substrate, consistent with outward Cr diffusion. The proposed failure mechanism maps offered insights into the interaction between oxidation, creep, and fatigue, providing a framework for understanding FCG of P92 under service conditions.

氧化在高温合金的疲劳破坏中起着关键作用，但其在疲劳裂纹扩展（FCG）过程中与蠕变的协同作用尚未得到充分解决。在这里，使用不同保持时间（0-3600 s）的梯形加载，在600°C高真空（~ 10−3 Pa）和气氛下量化P92钢的FCG行为，以分离耦合氧化-蠕变效应。相对于真空，大气中的氧化加速了FCG：为了达到1 mm的裂纹扩展，大气需要1585次循环，而真空需要3051次循环（51.9 %的循环）。保持时间越长，加速度越大：在ΔK = 38.4 MPa·m0.5，保持时间为3600 s时，大气da/dN约为真空值的4.28倍。发现了一个ΔK-dependent转变：氧化将da/dN提高到约35-40 MPa·m0.5以下，而大气和真空中的速率则在更高的ΔK（由机械驱动力主导）上趋同。在力学上，大气通过裂纹尖端的循环氧化断裂/重构促进了疲劳主导的穿晶开裂，而在真空中较长的保温时间则使穿晶向沿边界蠕变空洞形核的混合穿晶转变。氧化物分析显示，在衬底附近有一个富铁的外层和富Cr的内层，这与Cr向外扩散一致。提出的失效机制图提供了氧化、蠕变和疲劳之间相互作用的见解，为理解P92在使用条件下的FCG提供了一个框架。

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引用次数: 0

Corrosion mechanism in produced water from the petroleum industry experimental corroboration of Galvele’s Pitting Theory 石油工业采出水中腐蚀机理Galvele点蚀理论的实验验证

IF 7.4 1区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Corrosion Science

Pub Date : 2026-04-15 Epub Date: 2026-01-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.corsci.2026.113676

Verónica V. Acosta , Gustavo L. Bianchi , Pablo Rosales

Pitting corrosion is one of the most critical degradation mechanisms affecting carbon steel pipelines exposed to CO₂-containing produced water in the petroleum industry. In such environments, high salinity, elevated chloride levels, alkaline earth cations, and restricted mass transport promote localized electrochemical conditions that may lead to severe internal corrosion. This work experimentally examines Galvele’s [1] localized acidification theory through potentiodynamic polarization tests conducted in controlled CO₂-saturated aqueous solutions containing Cl⁻, Ca²⁺, and carbonate species. Cyclic polarization curves were used to identify pitting and repassivation behavior under different chemical conditions, while surface observations correlated electrochemical responses with damage morphology. The results demonstrate that pitting susceptibility is strongly governed by chloride concentration and by the nature of the accompanying cation. Calcium supplied as CaCO₃ markedly inhibits pitting through the combined effect of carbonate ions, which neutralize localized acidity, and the rapid formation of protective carbonate-based substrates. In contrast, when calcium is introduced as CaCl₂, localized corrosion persists due to the dominant aggressive effect of chloride ions. These findings provide experimental support for Galvele’s framework and clarify the mechanistic role of calcium and carbonate species in controlling pitting corrosion in produced-water environments.

在石油工业中，点蚀是影响碳钢管道暴露于含CO 2采出水中的最关键的降解机制之一。在这样的环境中，高盐度、高氯化物水平、碱土阳离子和有限的质量传输促进了局部电化学条件，可能导致严重的内部腐蚀。这项工作通过在含有Cl⁻、Ca 2⁺和碳酸盐的可控CO₂饱和水溶液中进行电位极化测试，实验验证了Galvele的[1]局部酸化理论。循环极化曲线用于识别不同化学条件下的点蚀和再钝化行为，而表面观察将电化学响应与损伤形貌相关联。结果表明，点蚀敏感性受氯离子浓度和伴随阳离子性质的强烈影响。作为CaCO₃提供的钙通过碳酸盐离子的联合作用显著地抑制了点蚀，碳酸盐离子中和了局部的酸度，并迅速形成了保护性的碳酸盐基基质。相反，当钙作为cacl2引入时，由于氯离子的主要侵蚀作用，局部腐蚀持续存在。这些发现为Galvele的框架提供了实验支持，并阐明了钙和碳酸盐在控制产水环境中点蚀中的机制作用。

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引用次数: 0

Effect of shielding gas composition on weld formation and H2S stress corrosion susceptibility of X65 pipeline steel 保护气体成分对X65管线钢焊缝成形及H2S应力腐蚀敏感性的影响

IF 7.4 1区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Corrosion Science

Pub Date : 2026-04-15 Epub Date: 2026-01-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.corsci.2026.113678

Yusheng Yan , Xiaoze Liu , Youhui Sun , Yongzhen Liu , Wenzhou Liang , Lianyong Xu , Kangda Hao , Yongdian Han

The effect of shielding-gas composition on weld formation, microstructure, and H₂S stress corrosion cracking (SSCC) in cold metal transfer (CMT) welds was examined. Pure argon shielding led to incomplete penetration and carbide precipitation. Moderate addition of CO₂ (10–20 %) improved arc stability and weld quality, yielding a bainite-dominated coarse-grained heat-affected zone (CGHAZ) microstructure. Excessive CO₂ (50 %) increased the cooling rate and induced martensite formation in the CGHAZ. Severe pitting occurred in both the weld metal and CGHAZ. Strong Si segregation in the weld metal produced Volta potential differences > 50 mV, driving microgalvanic dissolution. Although the CGHAZ showed minimal elemental segregation, its microstructural heterogeneity, characterized by coarse grains, high dislocation density, and hydrogen trapping, enhanced local anodic activity even with a potential difference below 35 mV. Acicular ferrite impeded microcrack propagation, whereas martensite promoted hydrogen accumulation and accelerated crack growth.

研究了保护气体成分对冷金属转移（CMT）焊缝成形、显微组织和H2S应力腐蚀开裂（SSCC）的影响。纯氩保护导致熔透不完全，析出碳化物。适量添加CO2（10-20 %）可改善电弧稳定性和焊接质量，形成以贝氏体为主的粗晶热影响区（chaz）显微组织。过量的CO2（50 %）增加了chaz的冷却速度，诱导了马氏体的形成。焊缝金属和chaz均发生了严重的点蚀。焊缝金属中强Si偏析产生伏特电位差>； 50 mV，驱动微电溶解。尽管chaz表现出最小的元素偏析，但其微观结构的非均质性（晶粒粗大、位错密度高、氢捕获）增强了局部阳极活性，即使电位差低于35 mV。针状铁素体阻碍微裂纹扩展，而马氏体促进氢积累，加速裂纹扩展。

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引用次数: 0