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Irish Studies Round the World - 2017 全球爱尔兰研究- 2017年
4区 文学 Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.24162/EI2018-8289
Chris Mahony
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引用次数: 0
Translation of a Selection of Caitríona O’Reilly’s Poems into Spanish Caitríona奥莱利诗歌选集的西班牙语翻译
4区 文学 Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.24162/ei2018-8160
Luz Mar González Arias
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引用次数: 0
"The Foresight to Become a Mermaid”: Folkloric cyborg women in Éilís Ní Dhuibhne’s short stories “成为美人鱼的远见”:Éilís Ní杜布内短篇小说中的民间半机械人女性
4区 文学 Pub Date : 2017-10-31 DOI: 10.24162/EI2017-7580
Rebecca Graham
Éilís Ní Dhuibhne is both a folklorist and a feminist, who “took an interest in rewriting or re-inventing women's history, a history which had been largely unwritten” (Ní Dhuibhne, “Negotiating” 73). Folklore stories and motifs abound in her writing. Elke D’hoker argues that Ní Dhuibhne reimagines and rewrites folktales to “reflect and interpret the social values and attitudes of a postmodern society” (D’hoker 137). The repurposing of folklore allows Ní Dhuibhne to interrogate some of the complex and controversial ways that Irish society has attempted to represent and control women, entrenching taboos about female behaviours and sexualities. Using Donna Haraway’s cyborg feminism and Karen Barad’s deployment of Haraway’s theory of diffraction, this article focuses on issues of voice and orality, and the female body in “The Mermaid Legend”, “Midwife to the Fairies”, and “Holiday in the Land of Murdered Dreams”, to argue that Ní Dhuibhne’s repurposing of folklore is a radically feminist undertaking. All three short stories, which feature female protagonists, reveal diverse, transgressive, sexual mothers and maidens whose symbolic connections with folklore allow them to challenge the restrictive constructions of women in Irish society, creating spaces to explore alternative, heterogeneous, feminist re-conceptions of identity and belonging.
Éilís Ní杜布内既是一位民俗学家,也是一位女权主义者,她“对重写或重新发明女性的历史感兴趣,这段历史在很大程度上是未被书写的”(Ní杜布内,“谈判”73)。民间传说故事和主题在她的作品中比比皆是。Elke D 'hoker认为Ní杜布内重新想象和改写了民间故事,以“反映和解释后现代社会的社会价值观和态度”(D 'hoker 137)。对民间传说的重新利用使得Ní Dhuibhne能够质疑爱尔兰社会试图代表和控制女性的一些复杂而有争议的方式,以及关于女性行为和性行为的禁忌。本文以唐娜·哈拉维的半机械人女性主义和凯伦·巴拉德对哈拉维衍射理论的运用为基础,着重探讨了《美人鱼传说》、《仙女的助产士》和《被谋杀的梦之国的假期》中的声音、口型和女性身体问题,认为Ní杜布内对民间传说的重新利用是一项激进的女性主义事业。这三篇短篇小说都以女性为主角,揭示了不同的、越界的、性的母亲和少女,她们与民间传说的象征性联系使她们能够挑战爱尔兰社会中女性的限制性结构,创造了探索另类的、异质的、女权主义的身份和归属感的重新概念的空间。
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引用次数: 0
“Tá cuid de na mná blasta/Some Women Are Sweet Talkers”: Representations of Women in Seán Ó hEochaidh’s Field Diaries for the Irish Folklore Commission
4区 文学 Pub Date : 2017-10-30 DOI: 10.24162/EI2017-7617
Lillis Ó Laoire
This article discusses representations of women in diaries written by Seán Ó hEochaidh as part of his work as a field collector for the Irish Folklore Commission (19351971). Focusing on a number of well-described events and characters, the article reveals the collector's attitude to women as they emerge from his writing. It also shows how women could help or hinder his collecting work. The disparities of the lives of a number of working women from Donegal during the period are also highlighted.
本文讨论了Seán Ó hEochaidh写的日记中女性的表现,这是他作为爱尔兰民间传说委员会(19351971)的田野收藏家工作的一部分。这篇文章聚焦于一些描述得很好的事件和人物,揭示了这位收藏家对女性的态度,因为她们出现在他的作品中。它还展示了女性如何帮助或阻碍他的收藏工作。报告还强调了在此期间多尼戈尔一些职业妇女的生活差异。
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引用次数: 0
Folk medicine and its second life 民间医学及其第二次生命
4区 文学 Pub Date : 2017-07-01 DOI: 10.24162/EI2017-7597
Rosari Kingston
Irish folk medicine is perceived to be dying, if not dead already. It lies as a parallel system to modern biomedicine and is known only through word of mouth. However, no matter what modality is practised, be it bone-setting, plant medicine, charms or rituals, there are traditional characteristics common to all as a whole. An examination of these traditional elements allows us to see how Irish folk medicine is currently practised and to ascertain whether it has reached the second life that Lauri Honko suggested. If this were the case, “the recycling of material in an environment that differs from its original context” (Honko, “The Folklore” 42) should be evident.
爱尔兰民间医学被认为正在消亡,如果不是已经消亡的话。它是一个与现代生物医学平行的系统,只能通过口口相传。然而,无论采用何种方式,无论是植骨、植药、护身符还是仪式,总的来说都有共同的传统特征。通过对这些传统元素的考察,我们可以看到爱尔兰民间医学目前是如何实践的,并确定它是否达到了劳里·洪科所建议的第二生命。如果是这样的话,“在不同于其原始背景的环境中回收材料”(Honko,“the Folklore”42)应该是显而易见的。
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引用次数: 0
Introduction: New Perspectives on Irish Folklore 导论:爱尔兰民间传说的新视角
4区 文学 Pub Date : 2017-07-01 DOI: 10.24162/EI2017-7497
Audrey Robitaillié, M. Shokouhi
According to folk beliefs, people say that the fairies are out on the night of Samhain: “Deireann na daoine go mbíonn sidheogaí amuigh oidhche Shamhna”, in the words of an informant for the Schools' Collection (NFCS 249). And so is this special issue of Estudios Irlandeses entitled “New Perspectives on Irish Folklore”! Far less risky than venturing out on the festival night, but equally audacious, this volume explores the rich traditions of Irish folklore and the various ways it is being/has been reused, repurposed and reinvented. The contributions to this issue explore multiple aspects of folklore today: from the tribulations of the folklore collectors to the reimagining of folklore for the stage, and its reuse in literature and musical compositions. Marina Warner asserts that “Every telling of a myth is a part of that myth: there is no Ur-version, no authentic prototype, no true account” (8). The same could be said of folklore, which is intertwined with mythology on many levels, for that matter. There are multiple variants of a tale type, many interpretations of a folk tune, and numerous versions of a rhyme, which all depend on the circumstances of the transmission, the informant, their locations, and so on. Folklore is a living, multi-faceted process that has as many shapes and forms as there are individuals who engage with it. It has therefore proved quite challenging to define. The Irish word for it, béaloideas, which literally means “oral instruction” (see Ó hÓgáin), embodies the orality which appears to be a common feature of the many attempted definitions. Seán Ó Súilleabháin explains it thus:
根据民间信仰,人们说仙女们会在夏末节的晚上出来:“Deireann na daoine go mbíonn sidheogaí amuigh oidhche Shamhna”,这是《学校合集》(NFCS 249)的一位线人的话。《爱尔兰人工作室》的这期特刊题为《爱尔兰民间传说的新视角》也是如此!比起在节日之夜外出冒险,风险要小得多,但同样大胆,这本书探索了爱尔兰民间传说的丰富传统,以及它被再利用、重新利用和重新发明的各种方式。本期的文章探讨了当今民俗学的多个方面:从民俗学收藏家的苦难到民俗学在舞台上的重新构想,以及它在文学和音乐作品中的再利用。玛丽娜·华纳断言,“每一个神话的讲述都是神话的一部分:没有原始版本,没有真实的原型,没有真实的描述”(8)。民间传说也是如此,在许多层面上,它与神话交织在一起。故事类型有多种变体,民间曲调有多种解释,押韵有多种版本,这些都取决于传播的环境、信息者、地点等等。民间传说是一个活生生的、多方面的过程,它有许多形状和形式,因为有许多人参与其中。因此,事实证明,给它下定义相当具有挑战性。它在爱尔兰语中的意思是“口头指导”(见Ó hÓgáin),它体现了口头性,这似乎是许多尝试的定义的共同特征。Seán Ó Súilleabháin是这样解释的:
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引用次数: 1
Reliving Island Life: Staging Stories of the Blasket Islands 重温岛屿生活:布拉斯特群岛的舞台故事
4区 文学 Pub Date : 2017-07-01 DOI: 10.24162/EI2017-7587
Daithí Kearney
The Blasket Islands are located off the south-west coast of Ireland. No longer inhabited, the Great Blasket Island and its distinctive culture have been documented by a variety of writers and are celebrated today in an interpretative centre on the mainland and in performances by Siamsa Tire, The National Folk Theatre of Ireland. "Siamsa" developed from local initiatives in North Kerry during the early 1960s and is located today in Tralee, Co. Kerry. It aims to present Irish folklore and folk culture through the medium of theatre involving music, song, dance and mime but invariably no dialogue. In this paper, I focus on the production Oilean, based loosely on the stories of the Blasket Islanders, which was initially devised as part of the fiftieth anniversary commemoration of the departure of the last inhabitants of the islands in 2003.
布拉斯基特群岛位于爱尔兰西南海岸外。不再有人居住的大毯子岛及其独特的文化被各种作家记录下来,今天在大陆的一个解说中心和爱尔兰国家民间剧院Siamsa Tire的表演中得到庆祝。“Siamsa”在20世纪60年代早期从北克里的当地倡议发展而来,今天位于克里郡的Tralee。它旨在通过戏剧的媒介呈现爱尔兰的民间传说和民间文化,包括音乐、歌曲、舞蹈和哑剧,但总是没有对话。在本文中,我将重点关注《Oilean》的制作,它大致基于Blasket岛民的故事,最初是为了纪念2003年岛上最后一批居民离开50周年而设计的。
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引用次数: 0
Of Mermaids and Changelings: Human Rights, Folklore and Contemporary Irish Language Poetry 美人鱼与换生灵:人权、民间传说与当代爱尔兰语诗歌
4区 文学 Pub Date : 2017-07-01 DOI: 10.24162/EI2017-7605
Rióna Ní Fhrighil
This article investigates the intersection of human rights discourse, Irish folklore and contemporary Irish-language poetry. The author contends that contemporary Irishlanguage poets Louis de Paor and Nuala Ní Dhomhnaill exploit the multi-faceted nature of international folklore motifs, along with their local variants, to represent human rights violations in their poetry. Focusing specifically on the motif of the changeling in De Paor’s poetry and on the motif of the mermaid in Ní Dhomhnaill’s, the author traces how folklore material is reimagined in ways that eschew uncomplicated transnational solidarity but which engender empathetic settlement.
本文探讨人权话语、爱尔兰民间传说和当代爱尔兰语诗歌的交集。作者认为,当代爱尔兰语诗人Louis de Paor和Nuala Ní Dhomhnaill利用国际民间传说主题的多面性及其在当地的变体,在其诗歌中表现侵犯人权的行为。作者特别关注德·帕尔诗歌中的换人主题和Ní多姆纳尔诗歌中的美人鱼主题,追溯了民间传说材料是如何以避免简单的跨国团结的方式重新想象的,但却产生了同理心的解决方案。
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引用次数: 1
The Ulster Cycle: Cultural Significance for Irish Composers 阿尔斯特循环:爱尔兰作曲家的文化意义
4区 文学 Pub Date : 2017-07-01 DOI: 10.24162/EI2017-7568
A. Goff
For more than three hundred years, Irish composers have engaged with tales from early Irish saga-literature which comprises four main series: Mythological, Ulster and Fenian cycles as well as the Cycle of Kings. This literary corpus dates from 600–1200 CE and is amongst the oldest in Europe. The fragmented history of the literature reveals a continuity of tradition in that the ancient sagas evolved from the oral Irish tradition, were gradually recorded in Irish, and kept alive in modern times through translation into the English language. The timelessness and social impact of these sagas, centuries after they were documented, resonate with Irish composers through the identification of local features and/or universal themes of redemption, triumph or tragedy depicted in the literature. The focus here is on sagas from the Ulster Cycle as they have been most celebrated by Irish composers; the majority of which have been composed since Thomas Kinsella’s successful translation of the Táin Bó Cuailnge in 1969. How the composers chose to embrace the Irish past lies in each composer’s execution of the peculiar local and universal themes exhibited in the sagas. The aim of this article is to initiate an interdisciplinary discussion of the cultural significance of this literary corpus for Irish composers by exploring an area of Irish musicological discourse that has not been hitherto documented. A brief literary background to the Ulster Cycle leads to a discussion of what prompted the composers to engage with Ulster Cycle themes at a particular time in their respective careers. An exploration of the various stylistic features employed in selected works sheds light on the cultural ideologies that prevailed in Ireland at the time of their respective composition.
三百多年来,爱尔兰作曲家一直在创作早期爱尔兰传奇文学中的故事,其中包括四个主要系列:神话、阿尔斯特和芬尼亚循环以及国王循环。这个文学语料库可以追溯到公元600-1200年,是欧洲最古老的语料库之一。支离破碎的文学历史揭示了传统的连续性,因为古代的传奇故事是从爱尔兰口头传统演变而来的,逐渐用爱尔兰语记录下来,并通过翻译成英语而在现代保持活力。这些传奇故事的永恒和社会影响,在它们被记录了几个世纪之后,通过对文学中描绘的救赎、胜利或悲剧的地方特征和/或普遍主题的识别,与爱尔兰作曲家产生共鸣。这里的重点是来自阿尔斯特循环的传奇故事,因为它们是爱尔兰作曲家最著名的;其中大部分都是在托马斯·金塞拉于1969年成功翻译Táin Bó cuailinge之后创作的。作曲家们如何选择拥抱爱尔兰的过去,取决于每个作曲家对传奇中所展示的独特的地方和普遍主题的执行。本文的目的是通过探索迄今为止尚未记录的爱尔兰音乐学话语领域,发起对爱尔兰作曲家文学语料库文化意义的跨学科讨论。简要介绍阿尔斯特循环的文学背景,讨论是什么促使作曲家在各自职业生涯的特定时期参与阿尔斯特循环主题。对选定作品中采用的各种风格特征的探索,揭示了各自构成时在爱尔兰盛行的文化意识形态。
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引用次数: 0
“Stories Like the Light of Stars”: Folklore and Narrative Strategies in the Fiction of Éilís Ní Dhuibhne “星光般的故事”:Éilís Ní杜布内小说中的民俗与叙事策略
4区 文学 Pub Date : 2017-07-01 DOI: 10.24162/EI2017-7635
G. Tallone
Besides being one of Ireland’s best-known and eminent writers, Éilís Ní Dhuibhne is also a professional and recognised folklorist and researcher, whose work covers a diversity of topics and subjects, mostly in the area of the tradition of oral storytelling and urban folklore. Her background in folklore has a relevant impact on her fiction, which is marked by reinvention of folklore patterns and juxtaposition of ancient stories and their contemporary counterpart. The purpose of his essay is to shed light on the impact of folklore and folklore projects on the fiction of Éilís Ní Dhuibhne in terms of in allusions, contents, discourse organization and narrative strategies. The tight link between folklore and storytelling in her writing is analysed taking into account her short stories vis-à-vis her academic work in folklore, focussing on Ní Dhuibhne’s awareness of the continuity of traditional narrative in time.
除了是爱尔兰最著名和杰出的作家之一,Éilís Ní迪布内也是一位专业的和公认的民俗学家和研究者,他的工作涵盖了各种主题和科目,主要是在传统的口述故事和城市民间传说领域。她的民俗学背景对她的小说产生了相关的影响,她的小说的特点是重塑民俗学模式,并将古代故事与当代故事并置。本文旨在从典故、内容、话语组织和叙事策略等方面揭示民俗及民俗项目对Éilís Ní杜宾内小说的影响。考虑到杜布内的短篇小说-à-vis她在民俗学方面的学术工作,我们分析了杜布内作品中民俗学与叙事之间的紧密联系,重点关注Ní杜布内对传统叙事在时间上的连续性的认识。
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引用次数: 0
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EIGSE-A JOURNAL OF IRISH STUDIES
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