M. Hammer, R. Ilson, T. Anderson, E. Gilbert, M. Good, Bahram Niamir, Larry Rosentein, Sandor Schoichet
Etude is an experimental text processing system that is being developed in order to formulate and evaluate new approaches to the design of user interfaces for office automation tools. The primary design goal for Etude is to provide the user with substantial functionality in the editing and formatting of documents in the context of a system that is easy to learn and use.
{"title":"The implementation of Etude, an integrated and interactive document production system","authors":"M. Hammer, R. Ilson, T. Anderson, E. Gilbert, M. Good, Bahram Niamir, Larry Rosentein, Sandor Schoichet","doi":"10.1145/800209.806465","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/800209.806465","url":null,"abstract":"Etude is an experimental text processing system that is being developed in order to formulate and evaluate new approaches to the design of user interfaces for office automation tools. The primary design goal for Etude is to provide the user with substantial functionality in the editing and formatting of documents in the context of a system that is easy to learn and use.","PeriodicalId":315448,"journal":{"name":"SIGPLAN SIGOA Symposium on Text Manipulation","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1981-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124979716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Three terms in common usage in computerized text processing are text-editing, word-processing, and computer controlled typesetting. This paper deals with a fourth term, manuscript preparation, that has important intersections with the above three. A computerized manuscript preparation system is one that supports an author in the preparation of a manuscript. In what follows we deal with one such, the PEN system, directed towards the preparation of manuscripts containing significant mathematical notation.
{"title":"PEN: A hierarchical document editor","authors":"Todd Allen, R. Nix, A. Perlis","doi":"10.1145/800209.806457","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/800209.806457","url":null,"abstract":"Three terms in common usage in computerized text processing are <italic>text-editing, word-processing,</italic> and <italic>computer controlled typesetting</italic>. This paper deals with a fourth term, <italic>manuscript preparation</italic>, that has important intersections with the above three. A <italic>computerized manuscript preparation system</italic> is one that supports an author in the preparation of a manuscript. In what follows we deal with one such, the <italic>PEN</italic> system, directed towards the preparation of manuscripts containing significant mathematical notation.","PeriodicalId":315448,"journal":{"name":"SIGPLAN SIGOA Symposium on Text Manipulation","volume":"257 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1981-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123346736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Program editors help users create syntactically correct programs. Though such editors normally edit parse trees, applying similar techniques to other tree structures that need editing helps both users and implementors. This paper describes an editor that accepts a grammar describing a hierarchical data structure and allows the user to enter and edit arbitrary trees having this structure. It displays the pros and cons of this approach using instances of this editor that edit formatted documents, simple line drawings, and stick figures for trees.
{"title":"Syntax-directed editing of general data structures","authors":"C. Fraser","doi":"10.1145/800209.806449","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/800209.806449","url":null,"abstract":"Program editors help users create syntactically correct programs. Though such editors normally edit parse trees, applying similar techniques to other tree structures that need editing helps both users and implementors. This paper describes an editor that accepts a grammar describing a hierarchical data structure and allows the user to enter and edit arbitrary trees having this structure. It displays the pros and cons of this approach using instances of this editor that edit formatted documents, simple line drawings, and stick figures for trees.","PeriodicalId":315448,"journal":{"name":"SIGPLAN SIGOA Symposium on Text Manipulation","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1981-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128056909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A basic problem in text formatting is that of determining the break points for separating a string of words into lines to obtain a formatted paragraph. When formatted text is required to be aligned with both the left and right margins, the choice of break points greatly affects the quality of the formatted document. This paper presents and discusses solutions to the line breaking problem. These include the usual line-by-line method, a dynamic programming approach, and a new algorithm which is optimal and runs almost as fast as the line-by-line method.
{"title":"On the line breaking problem in text formatting","authors":"James O. Achugbue","doi":"10.1145/800209.806462","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/800209.806462","url":null,"abstract":"A basic problem in text formatting is that of determining the break points for separating a string of words into lines to obtain a formatted paragraph. When formatted text is required to be aligned with both the left and right margins, the choice of break points greatly affects the quality of the formatted document. This paper presents and discusses solutions to the line breaking problem. These include the usual line-by-line method, a dynamic programming approach, and a new algorithm which is optimal and runs almost as fast as the line-by-line method.","PeriodicalId":315448,"journal":{"name":"SIGPLAN SIGOA Symposium on Text Manipulation","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1981-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121449472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
EMACS is a display editor which is implemented in an interpreted high level language. This allows users to extend the editor by replacing parts of it, to experiment with alternative command languages, and to share extensions which are generally useful. The ease of extension has contributed to the growth of a large set of useful features. This paper describes the organization of the EMACS system, emphasizing the way in which extensibility is achieved and used. This report describes work done at the Artificial Intelligence Laboratory of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Support for the laboratory's research is provided in part by the Advanced Research Projects Agency of the Department of Defense under Office of Naval Research contract N00014-80-C-0505.
{"title":"EMACS the extensible, customizable self-documenting display editor","authors":"R. Stallman","doi":"10.1145/800209.806466","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/800209.806466","url":null,"abstract":"EMACS is a display editor which is implemented in an interpreted high level language. This allows users to extend the editor by replacing parts of it, to experiment with alternative command languages, and to share extensions which are generally useful. The ease of extension has contributed to the growth of a large set of useful features. This paper describes the organization of the EMACS system, emphasizing the way in which extensibility is achieved and used.\u0000 This report describes work done at the Artificial Intelligence Laboratory of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Support for the laboratory's research is provided in part by the Advanced Research Projects Agency of the Department of Defense under Office of Naval Research contract N00014-80-C-0505.","PeriodicalId":315448,"journal":{"name":"SIGPLAN SIGOA Symposium on Text Manipulation","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1981-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133559678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
As understanding of a particular problem domain matures, its tools become more specialized, moving from general low-level tools to more specialized high-level tools. Early work in a field applies the same set of low-level aids to all problems. Gradually more specialized tools emerge as we come to better understand the problem and the tools that are best for it. Since the emergence of the first program editors in the early 1960s we have learned a lot about the editing process and about building editors. Recently several editors specialized for editing program sources, text, and data structures have been developed. To date, little work has been reported on specialized document editors for editing complex text. This paper describes a research effort into identifying the requirements for an interactive environment for editing complex documents and an initial implementation for the environment.
{"title":"The document editor: A support environment for preparing technical documents","authors":"Janet H. Walker","doi":"10.1145/800209.806453","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/800209.806453","url":null,"abstract":"As understanding of a particular problem domain matures, its tools become more specialized, moving from general low-level tools to more specialized high-level tools. Early work in a field applies the same set of low-level aids to all problems. Gradually more specialized tools emerge as we come to better understand the problem and the tools that are best for it.\u0000 Since the emergence of the first program editors in the early 1960s we have learned a lot about the editing process and about building editors. Recently several editors specialized for editing program sources, text, and data structures have been developed. To date, little work has been reported on specialized document editors for editing complex text. This paper describes a research effort into identifying the requirements for an interactive environment for editing complex documents and an initial implementation for the environment.","PeriodicalId":315448,"journal":{"name":"SIGPLAN SIGOA Symposium on Text Manipulation","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1981-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127533681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We present a new programming language, IDEAL, in which two-dimensional figures can be expressed. The language is intended to work with existing text-formatting systems so that text and figures can be typeset at the same time. The building block for IDEAL programs is called a “box” it shares some features with procedures and some with records in general-purpose programming languages. A box includes a system of constraints (in this incarnation, equations in complex variables) that declares the relative positions of its significant points and requests for actions to be performed at those points. A box is called by adding enough constraints to the system in its definition that its significant points can be solved for uniquely. A box call may also include additional actions to be performed during the call. The notions of drawing a line using a pattern and texturing a polygonal area follow directly from the mechanism for defining and calling boxes. Users may also ask for a box to be “opaque” so that it blots out pieces of picture that it covers. Finally, two commands embody the idea of sketching several pictures on different parallel planes, then merging them into a single picture. We use these when erasing to create one part of a picture would destroy another part that we want. We discuss good algorithms for implementing IDEAL when the constraints are expressed as a special kind of nonlinear system and the pictures are composed of straight lines and circular arcs. The language has been implemented, and was used to produce the paper.
{"title":"A graphics typesetting language","authors":"C. V. Wyk","doi":"10.1145/1159890.806460","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1159890.806460","url":null,"abstract":"We present a new programming language, IDEAL, in which two-dimensional figures can be expressed. The language is intended to work with existing text-formatting systems so that text and figures can be typeset at the same time. The building block for IDEAL programs is called a “box” it shares some features with procedures and some with records in general-purpose programming languages. A box includes a system of constraints (in this incarnation, equations in complex variables) that declares the relative positions of its significant points and requests for actions to be performed at those points. A box is called by adding enough constraints to the system in its definition that its significant points can be solved for uniquely. A box call may also include additional actions to be performed during the call. The notions of drawing a line using a pattern and texturing a polygonal area follow directly from the mechanism for defining and calling boxes. Users may also ask for a box to be “opaque” so that it blots out pieces of picture that it covers. Finally, two commands embody the idea of sketching several pictures on different parallel planes, then merging them into a single picture. We use these when erasing to create one part of a picture would destroy another part that we want. We discuss good algorithms for implementing IDEAL when the constraints are expressed as a special kind of nonlinear system and the pictures are composed of straight lines and circular arcs. The language has been implemented, and was used to produce the paper.","PeriodicalId":315448,"journal":{"name":"SIGPLAN SIGOA Symposium on Text Manipulation","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1981-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124647136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Prettyprint algorithms designed for printing programs on paper are not appropriate in an interactive environment where the interface to the user is a CRT screen. We describe a data representation and an algorithm that allow the efficient generation of program displays from a parsed internal representation of a program. The displays show the structure of the program by consistent and automatic indentation. They show the program in varying levels of detail by replacing unimportant parts with ellipsis marks. The relative importance of program parts is determined jointly by the structure of the program and by the current focus of attention of the programmer.
{"title":"Prettyprinting in an interactive programming environment","authors":"M. Mikelsons","doi":"10.1145/800209.806461","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/800209.806461","url":null,"abstract":"Prettyprint algorithms designed for printing programs on paper are not appropriate in an interactive environment where the interface to the user is a CRT screen. We describe a data representation and an algorithm that allow the efficient generation of program displays from a parsed internal representation of a program. The displays show the structure of the program by consistent and automatic indentation. They show the program in varying levels of detail by replacing unimportant parts with ellipsis marks. The relative importance of program parts is determined jointly by the structure of the program and by the current focus of attention of the programmer.","PeriodicalId":315448,"journal":{"name":"SIGPLAN SIGOA Symposium on Text Manipulation","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1981-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130611304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper addresses the problems and techniques of checking for spelling and typographical errors in computer-based text. To some extent, the paper is a combination of a report of work done by the author and a survey of other work which, although not all used by the author, is of equal value and interest. Some of the material presented is related to other aspects of text processing such as data compaction and the efficient searching of very large dictionaries.
{"title":"Checking for spelling and typographical errors in computer-based text","authors":"T. N. Turba","doi":"10.1145/800209.806454","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/800209.806454","url":null,"abstract":"This paper addresses the problems and techniques of checking for spelling and typographical errors in computer-based text. To some extent, the paper is a combination of a report of work done by the author and a survey of other work which, although not all used by the author, is of equal value and interest. Some of the material presented is related to other aspects of text processing such as data compaction and the efficient searching of very large dictionaries.","PeriodicalId":315448,"journal":{"name":"SIGPLAN SIGOA Symposium on Text Manipulation","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1981-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123204292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The implementation and experiences of a structure-oriented text editor","authors":"O. Strömfors, L. Jonesjö","doi":"10.1145/872730.806450","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/872730.806450","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":315448,"journal":{"name":"SIGPLAN SIGOA Symposium on Text Manipulation","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130455197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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