Pub Date : 2024-03-13DOI: 10.15388/archlit.2023.24.2
Nataliia Mykhailova
Mariupol Neolithic burial site, unique by its exclusive rich and diversiform inventory, was excavated by Ukrainian archaeologist and art critic Mykola Makarenko in 1930. The author of the excavations was executed by Soviet punitive authorities. The top-level and highly informative publication of the materials on the cemetery, made in 1933, was confiscated. Part of the burial inventory was taken to Russia. Anthropological materials were destroyed during World War II.The tragedy of Mariupol Cemetery continued in 2022. This was the year which became the tragedy in the history of Ukraine and inherently influenced the history of Europe. The Ukrainian people, the Ukrainian nature, and the Ukrainian culture suffered irretrievable losses. So did Ukrainian archaeology.Hundreds of archaeological sites in the war zone, in the zone of occupation and in the annexed territories were completely destroyed or irreparably damaged. Among them, there were the scant surviving artifacts from Mariupol Cemetery.This article is devoted to the history of excavations of Mariupol Burial Complex and the tragic fate of the collection of artifacts.
{"title":"Mykola Makarenko ir Mariupolio neolitinis kapinynas. Tragiškas ukrainiečio archeologo ir vietovės likimas","authors":"Nataliia Mykhailova","doi":"10.15388/archlit.2023.24.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15388/archlit.2023.24.2","url":null,"abstract":"Mariupol Neolithic burial site, unique by its exclusive rich and diversiform inventory, was excavated by Ukrainian archaeologist and art critic Mykola Makarenko in 1930. The author of the excavations was executed by Soviet punitive authorities. The top-level and highly informative publication of the materials on the cemetery, made in 1933, was confiscated. Part of the burial inventory was taken to Russia. Anthropological materials were destroyed during World War II.The tragedy of Mariupol Cemetery continued in 2022. This was the year which became the tragedy in the history of Ukraine and inherently influenced the history of Europe. The Ukrainian people, the Ukrainian nature, and the Ukrainian culture suffered irretrievable losses. So did Ukrainian archaeology.Hundreds of archaeological sites in the war zone, in the zone of occupation and in the annexed territories were completely destroyed or irreparably damaged. Among them, there were the scant surviving artifacts from Mariupol Cemetery.This article is devoted to the history of excavations of Mariupol Burial Complex and the tragic fate of the collection of artifacts.","PeriodicalId":33149,"journal":{"name":"Archaeologia Lituana","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140247504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-13DOI: 10.15388/archlit.2023.24.7
D. Piombino‐Mascali, R. Jankauskas, Giedrė Piličiauskienė, Rokas Girčius, S. Ikram, Luigi M. Caliò, Antonio Messina
Remnants of what was believed to be a single baby crocodile, originating from ancient Egypt and curated in the National Museum of Lithuania, have been recently assessed using noninvasive and nondestructive techniques. These had been donated in 1862 to the then Museum of Antiquities by the prominent Polish-Lithuanian collector Count Michał Tyszkiewicz. After careful investigation of the three mummified reptile fragments available, the authors were able to identify at least two individuals based on morpho-anatomical characteristics. This indicates that the two small crocodiles originally described in historic records are still present within the collection and that none of these items was lost during the different lootings perpetrated throughout the museum’s history. Information regarding the post-mortem treatment of these animals was also obtained. This is the first scientific study of animal mummies in the Baltic States, and it should be followed by proper conservation and display of these findings.
最近，立陶宛国家博物馆采用非侵入性和无损技术，对被认为是一只小鳄鱼的残骸进行了评估，这只鳄鱼来自古埃及。这些木乃伊于 1862 年由波兰-立陶宛著名收藏家 Michał Tyszkiewicz 伯爵捐赠给当时的文物博物馆。在对现有的三块爬行动物木乃伊碎片进行仔细研究后，作者根据形态解剖学特征确定了至少两个个体。这表明，最初在历史记录中描述的两只小鳄鱼仍在馆藏品中，而且在博物馆历史上的不同劫掠中，这些物品都没有丢失。此外，还获得了有关这些动物死后处理的信息。这是波罗的海国家首次对动物木乃伊进行科学研究，随后应妥善保存和展示这些研究成果。
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Pub Date : 2024-03-13DOI: 10.15388/archlit.2023.24.1
A. Merkevičius
Birutė Marija Alseikaitė-Gimbutienė (English Marija Gimbutas), is one of the most prominent and well-known archaeologists of the 20th century, pioneer of archaeomythology, creator of new theories in archaeology. In her scientific research, she paid a great attention to the ethnic origins and development of nations.This article analyzes the Theory of Baltic Ethnic Origins formulated by Gimbutas. The solution to this important scientific problem involves two main research stages. The first stage is formulation of the Theory of Indo-European homeland, named the Kurgans Theory. The second stage is formulation of the Theory of the origins of Balts. According to Gimbutas, a few cultural systems participated in the formation of the Balts: the indoeuropeans and substrat culture, that is Indo-Europeanized people of Central Europe. The Indo-Europeans migrated from their homeland, located in the steppe zone north of the Black and Caspian seas, in three waves between 4400/4200 and 3000/2800 BC, ultimately reaching Europe and Indo-Europeanizing it.A secondary Indo-European Homeland was formed in Central Europe, from which the Indo-European culture spread to the Baltic region and other European regions.The last, third wave of newcomers, from around 3000–2800 BC, had the greatest influence on the southeastern and eastern Baltic region and the surrounding territories. During several centuries of assimilation between local inhabitants and newcomers, around 2500–2000 BC, in the territory between the Vistula River in the west and the Volga and Oka rivers in the east, several cultural groups of Proto-Balts were formed. During further ethnocultural processes, around 2000 BC. the Baltic ethnos was formed. In the 2nd and 1st millennium BC. and in the first part of the 1st millennium AD the Balts inhabited a huge area in the North Eastern part of Europe.
Birutė Marija Alseikaitė-Gimbutienė（英语：Marija Gimbutas）是 20 世纪最杰出、最著名的考古学家之一，考古学的先驱，考古学新理论的创造者。本文分析了金布塔斯提出的波罗的海民族起源理论。这一重要科学问题的解决涉及两个主要研究阶段。第一阶段是提出印欧家园理论，即库尔干理论。第二阶段是提出波罗的海起源理论。金布塔斯认为，有几种文化体系参与了波罗的海人的形成：印欧人和亚文化，即中欧的印欧化民族。印欧人在公元前 4400/4200 年至公元前 3000/2800 年期间分三次从他们的故乡（位于黑海和里海以北的草原地带）迁徙，最终到达欧洲，并使欧洲印欧化。大约在公元前 2500-2000 年间，在西部维斯瓦河与东部伏尔加河和奥卡河之间的地区，当地居民与新来者在几个世纪的同化过程中形成了几个原巴尔特文化群体。公元前 2000 年左右，在进一步的民族文化进程中，形成了波罗的海民族。在公元前二千年和公元前一千年以及公元前一千年的前半期，波罗的海人居住在欧洲东北部的广大地区。
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Pub Date : 2024-03-13DOI: 10.15388/archlit.2023.24.5
Jovita Kadikinaitė
The article describes the search for the remains of Polish soldiers in Lithuania from 1992 to the present day, and presents how such research has evolved, and what archaeological research methodology is used. The involvement of specialists from different institutions and disciplines in such searches is discussed. Although the article deals with the search for the remains of all Polish soldiers who died in the course of the 20th century conflicts in general, it is notable that the most numerous part of them is made up of the soldiers of Armia Krajowa. The main data available for such searches is the testimonies of live witnesses, supplemented and refined by archaeological and anthropological research. The methodology of such research is still being shaped on a case-by-case basis, so it is important to review and familiarise oneself with researches that has been carried out and cases of (un)successes, as this may help to plan further, more productive research and searches for individuals from this period in the future.
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Pub Date : 2024-03-13DOI: 10.15388/archlit.2023.24.6
Vismantas Muralis, Viktorija Šimkutė, Vida Vičkačkaitė, Atas Žvirblys
Archaeological investigation was carried out in the first half of 2022 on the site Užupio g. 15A, which falls within the territory of the Vilnius St. Bartholomew’s Church building complex. During the research it was expected to find cultural layer horizons associated with the church and the cemetery next to it. Although archaeological finds and disturbed graves were discovered during the excavation, the most intriguing finds were collected in recessed structures dating from the first half of the XX century. As many as 69 bottles and vials were collected, most of which were used to store medicines. Four individual fragments with inscriptions were also found. Among the finds above, three bottles were found with preserved contents inside. This article, which is an interdisciplinary collaboration between archaeologists, historians, and chemists, analyses the archaeological and historical context of the mentioned finds, the places of manufacture of the discovered medicine bottles, the results of analyses of the contents found in the bottles, and interpretations of the possible uses of the recovered medicinal substances.
2022 年上半年在维尔纽斯圣巴塞洛缪教堂建筑群范围内的 Užupio g. 15A 遗址进行了考古调查。在研究过程中，预计会发现与教堂及其旁边墓地相关的文化层地层。虽然在挖掘过程中发现了考古发现和被扰乱的坟墓，但最有趣的发现是在二十世纪上半叶的凹陷结构中收集到的。收集到的瓶子和小瓶多达 69 个，其中大部分用于储藏药品。此外，还发现了四块刻有铭文的碎片。在上述发现中，有三个瓶子内的物品保存完好。本文是考古学家、历史学家和化学家之间的一次跨学科合作，分析了上述发现的考古和历史背景、所发现药瓶的制造地点、对瓶中内容物的分析结果以及对所发现药材可能用途的解释。
{"title":"Vaistiniai buteliukai (1919–1939 m.), rasti Užupio g. 15A, Vilniuje, jų turinio tyrimų rezultatai bei interpretacija","authors":"Vismantas Muralis, Viktorija Šimkutė, Vida Vičkačkaitė, Atas Žvirblys","doi":"10.15388/archlit.2023.24.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15388/archlit.2023.24.6","url":null,"abstract":"Archaeological investigation was carried out in the first half of 2022 on the site Užupio g. 15A, which falls within the territory of the Vilnius St. Bartholomew’s Church building complex. During the research it was expected to find cultural layer horizons associated with the church and the cemetery next to it. Although archaeological finds and disturbed graves were discovered during the excavation, the most intriguing finds were collected in recessed structures dating from the first half of the XX century. As many as 69 bottles and vials were collected, most of which were used to store medicines. Four individual fragments with inscriptions were also found. Among the finds above, three bottles were found with preserved contents inside. This article, which is an interdisciplinary collaboration between archaeologists, historians, and chemists, analyses the archaeological and historical context of the mentioned finds, the places of manufacture of the discovered medicine bottles, the results of analyses of the contents found in the bottles, and interpretations of the possible uses of the recovered medicinal substances.","PeriodicalId":33149,"journal":{"name":"Archaeologia Lituana","volume":"2015 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140246245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-13DOI: 10.15388/archlit.2023.24.4
Ingrida Čičiurkaitė, Linas Kvizikevičius
The main idea of this work is to summarize the data from two independent studies carried out in Lazdijai and Leipalingis in 2021–2023, to share the experience and the features of the research methodology in the search for the remains of the Lithuanian partisans – the clues of the violent crimes that were committed 75–80 years ago. The aim of the article is to identify the pattern of concealment evidence and crimes committed with impunity and systematically by the NKVD troops and their henchmen – the Soviet collaborators. Two tasks are formulated to achieve this goal: firstly, to reveal the theoretical principles of the methodology of the search for evidences applied during the forensic archaeology research in the period 2021–2023 in the search for the remains of the partisans of the Southern region of Lithuania, killed in the period 1945–1952 and possibly hidden in the courtyards of the NKVD headquarters in Lazdijai and Leipalingis and their surroundings, and secondly to summarize the methodology and the results achieved during the field work.
这项工作的主旨是总结 2021-2023 年在拉兹迪杰和莱帕林吉斯开展的两项独立研究的数据，分享寻找立陶宛游击队员遗骸--75-80 年前所犯暴力罪行的线索--的经验和研究方法的特点。文章的目的是确定隐藏证据的模式，以及 NKVD 部队及其党羽--苏联合作者肆无忌惮、有计划地犯下的罪行。为实现这一目标，我们制定了两项任务：首先，揭示 2021-2023 年期间法医考古学研究在寻找立陶宛南部地区游击队员遗骸时所采用的证据搜寻方法的理论原则，这些游击队员在 1945-1952 年期间被杀害，可能被藏匿在拉兹迪杰和莱帕林吉斯的 NKVD 总部庭院及其周边地区；其次，总结实地工作中采用的方法和取得的成果。
{"title":"Genocido nusikaltimų ir įkalčių paieška buvusių NKVD/MGB būstinių Lazdijuose ir Leipalingyje teritorijose ir jų aplinkoje","authors":"Ingrida Čičiurkaitė, Linas Kvizikevičius","doi":"10.15388/archlit.2023.24.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15388/archlit.2023.24.4","url":null,"abstract":"The main idea of this work is to summarize the data from two independent studies carried out in Lazdijai and Leipalingis in 2021–2023, to share the experience and the features of the research methodology in the search for the remains of the Lithuanian partisans – the clues of the violent crimes that were committed 75–80 years ago. The aim of the article is to identify the pattern of concealment evidence and crimes committed with impunity and systematically by the NKVD troops and their henchmen – the Soviet collaborators. Two tasks are formulated to achieve this goal: firstly, to reveal the theoretical principles of the methodology of the search for evidences applied during the forensic archaeology research in the period 2021–2023 in the search for the remains of the partisans of the Southern region of Lithuania, killed in the period 1945–1952 and possibly hidden in the courtyards of the NKVD headquarters in Lazdijai and Leipalingis and their surroundings, and secondly to summarize the methodology and the results achieved during the field work. ","PeriodicalId":33149,"journal":{"name":"Archaeologia Lituana","volume":"45 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140248011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-13DOI: 10.15388/archlit.2023.24.3
Justinas Račas, Liudvikas Vasiliauskas, Zenonas Baubonis
An article is discussed Old – Middle Iron Age burial ground in Vilkija (Kaunas district), excavated in 2016 and 2023. Objective was to gather fragmented information and finds from this period from museums and other sources. As well there were made radioactive carbon (14C) analysis of burials and X-ray Fluorescence (XRF) analysis of finds.
文章讨论了 2016 年和 2023 年在维尔基亚（考纳斯地区）发掘的旧-中铁器时代墓地。目的是从博物馆和其他来源收集这一时期的零散信息和发现。此外，还对墓葬进行了放射性碳（14C）分析，并对发现物进行了 X 射线荧光（XRF）分析。
{"title":"Senojo ir vidurinio geležies amžiaus kapinynas Vilkijoje 2016 ir 2023 metų archeologinių tyrimų duomenimis","authors":"Justinas Račas, Liudvikas Vasiliauskas, Zenonas Baubonis","doi":"10.15388/archlit.2023.24.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15388/archlit.2023.24.3","url":null,"abstract":"An article is discussed Old – Middle Iron Age burial ground in Vilkija (Kaunas district), excavated in 2016 and 2023. Objective was to gather fragmented information and finds from this period from museums and other sources. As well there were made radioactive carbon (14C) analysis of burials and X-ray Fluorescence (XRF) analysis of finds.","PeriodicalId":33149,"journal":{"name":"Archaeologia Lituana","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140247693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-27DOI: 10.15388/archlit.2022.23.2
A. Andersson
This article addresses the question of the use of modern archaeogenetics, taking into account the history of the discipline of archaeology itself, and comparing the criticisms that processual archaeology received with the criticisms that are currently directed to the use of archaeogenetics and “new” scientific methods. This paper illustrates that there are several parallels between processual archaeology in the 1980s and the criticisms received by contemporary users of archaeogenetics. This can be seen by examining the criticism that both have received and are currently receiving. This article aims to stimulate discussion about how the discipline best applies these scientific methods which are being increasingly used. The paper likewise aims to add to the discourse on how the discipline of archaeology best moves beyond the current concept of mobility and how a historical approach can be useful. At the same time, the work tries to emphasize the importance of learning from the history of one’s discipline and why it is worth taking history as a starting point.
{"title":"Re-considering Processual and Post-Processual Archaeology: Can a Historical Approach Help Nuance the Usage of aDNA and Archaeogenetics","authors":"A. Andersson","doi":"10.15388/archlit.2022.23.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15388/archlit.2022.23.2","url":null,"abstract":"This article addresses the question of the use of modern archaeogenetics, taking into account the history of the discipline of archaeology itself, and comparing the criticisms that processual archaeology received with the criticisms that are currently directed to the use of archaeogenetics and “new” scientific methods. This paper illustrates that there are several parallels between processual archaeology in the 1980s and the criticisms received by contemporary users of archaeogenetics. This can be seen by examining the criticism that both have received and are currently receiving. This article aims to stimulate discussion about how the discipline best applies these scientific methods which are being increasingly used. The paper likewise aims to add to the discourse on how the discipline of archaeology best moves beyond the current concept of mobility and how a historical approach can be useful. At the same time, the work tries to emphasize the importance of learning from the history of one’s discipline and why it is worth taking history as a starting point.","PeriodicalId":33149,"journal":{"name":"Archaeologia Lituana","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41664675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-30DOI: 10.15388/archlit.2022.23.4
Veselin Danov
The topic of prehistoric anthropomorphic sculpture, its presentation and interpretation are widely covered in the works of Marija Gimbutas. In her honor is the submitted paper, which presents a representative and very interesting vessel. It is a vessel in the shape of a human body, rare in the Eneolithic era.The vessel was found accidentally on the surface of a settlement mound. It is partially preserved, but the available fragments allow to restore its shape and ornamentation. The massive legs and long feet allow the vessel to be placed upright. It is one of the most impressive specimens among this type of finds which represents a female mythological image, probably the Mother Goddess. Specific shape and ornamentation of the vessel suggest representative functions, probably used in various rites associated with prayers for fertility.
Marija Gimbutas的作品中广泛涉及史前拟人雕塑的主题及其呈现和解释。以她为荣的是提交的论文，该论文展示了一艘具有代表性且非常有趣的船只。它是一个人体形状的容器，在风化层时代是罕见的。这艘船是在一个定居点土堆的表面意外发现的。它被部分保存了下来，但可用的碎片可以恢复它的形状和装饰。巨大的腿和长长的脚使船只能够直立放置。它是这类发现中最令人印象深刻的标本之一，代表了一个女性神话形象，可能是女神母亲。该器皿的特殊形状和装饰表明其具有代表性的功能，可能用于与生育祈祷相关的各种仪式。
{"title":"A Newly Discovered Anthropomorphic Vessel from Eastern Bulgaria","authors":"Veselin Danov","doi":"10.15388/archlit.2022.23.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15388/archlit.2022.23.4","url":null,"abstract":"The topic of prehistoric anthropomorphic sculpture, its presentation and interpretation are widely covered in the works of Marija Gimbutas. In her honor is the submitted paper, which presents a representative and very interesting vessel. It is a vessel in the shape of a human body, rare in the Eneolithic era.The vessel was found accidentally on the surface of a settlement mound. It is partially preserved, but the available fragments allow to restore its shape and ornamentation. The massive legs and long feet allow the vessel to be placed upright. It is one of the most impressive specimens among this type of finds which represents a female mythological image, probably the Mother Goddess. Specific shape and ornamentation of the vessel suggest representative functions, probably used in various rites associated with prayers for fertility.","PeriodicalId":33149,"journal":{"name":"Archaeologia Lituana","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43623107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-30DOI: 10.15388/archlit.2022.23.10
V. Stavreva
A number of unusual anthropomorphic figurines featuring hunched backs and conical protrusions on their chests have been unearthed in several settlements that belong to the area of the Kodjadermen–Gumelniţa–Karanovo VI culture. The figurines have not been subject to a special study in scholarly literature so far and hence, no attempt at their interpretation has ever been made.The study discusses the possibility that these unusual images reflect a physical disability caused by Pott’s disease. Anthropologic research on skeletal remains of the Eneolithic population of Europe has established pathological changes that are consistent with this disease. Its cause, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, has been identified also through biomolecular study of human bones, which confirms the spread of tuberculosis in this period. The author furthermore argues about the possible use of this type of figurines in magic rituals. In addition, some ethnographic data is supplied for the use of clay anthropomorphic images in health-bringing and healing rites.
{"title":"Anthropomorphic Figurines with Hunched Backs and Deformed Breasts in Kodjadermen–Gumelniţa–Karanovo VI Culture","authors":"V. Stavreva","doi":"10.15388/archlit.2022.23.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15388/archlit.2022.23.10","url":null,"abstract":"A number of unusual anthropomorphic figurines featuring hunched backs and conical protrusions on their chests have been unearthed in several settlements that belong to the area of the Kodjadermen–Gumelniţa–Karanovo VI culture. The figurines have not been subject to a special study in scholarly literature so far and hence, no attempt at their interpretation has ever been made.The study discusses the possibility that these unusual images reflect a physical disability caused by Pott’s disease. Anthropologic research on skeletal remains of the Eneolithic population of Europe has established pathological changes that are consistent with this disease. Its cause, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, has been identified also through biomolecular study of human bones, which confirms the spread of tuberculosis in this period. The author furthermore argues about the possible use of this type of figurines in magic rituals. In addition, some ethnographic data is supplied for the use of clay anthropomorphic images in health-bringing and healing rites.","PeriodicalId":33149,"journal":{"name":"Archaeologia Lituana","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45484366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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