International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow最新文献

Unsteady thermo-hydraulic modeling and conjugate heat transfer mechanisms in long-distance superheated steam pipelines 超长过热蒸汽管道非定常热水力建模及共轭传热机理

IF 4.8 3区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow

Pub Date : 2026-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheatfluidflow.2026.110648

Yangyang Jin, Chong Zhai, Jiahao Gong, Jiayi Wang, Guoxing Wang, Yao Nai, Dong Li

The transient flow physics and conjugate heat transfer mechanisms of highly compressible superheated steam in long-distance pipelines remain incompletely understood. Most existing dynamic models simplify the non-ideal thermophysical properties of steam and represent pipeline thermal inertia using lumped parameters, thereby failing to distinguish the respective roles of the inner metal wall and outer insulation layers. To address this limitation, the present study develops a transient thermo-hydraulic coupled model that resolves multi-layer fluid–solid heat storage. The model accounts for the nonlinear thermophysical variations of superheated steam and employs a high-order TVD-MUSCL scheme to minimize numerical diffusion at the thermal front. Validation against field measurements yields maximum relative errors of − 0.98% for temperature and − 0.38% for pressure. Results indicate that increasing inlet pressure enhances the volumetric heat capacity of steam, which accelerates thermal wave propagation and reduces dynamic pressure drops. Compared with a step change, a heating ramp of 1 °C/min extends the thermal response time by approximately 50% while decreasing the thermal power ramp-up rate by a factor of six. Structural analysis further shows that the metal wall primarily governs transient heat storage and thermal response delay, whereas the insulation layer mainly controls steady-state heat dissipation. These findings clarify the distinct contributions of multi-layer solid boundaries to transient conjugate heat transfer and provide a theoretical basis for the structural optimization and dynamic regulation of large-scale steam transport systems.

高可压缩过热蒸汽在长输管道中的瞬态流动物理特性和共轭换热机理尚不完全清楚。现有的动力模型大多简化了蒸汽的非理想热物理性质，用集总参数表示管道热惯性，无法区分金属内壁和外保温层各自的作用。为了解决这一限制，本研究开发了一个瞬态热-液耦合模型来解决多层流-固储热问题。该模型考虑了过热蒸汽的非线性热物理变化，并采用高阶tvd - musl格式最小化热锋处的数值扩散。根据现场测量结果进行验证，温度和压力的最大相对误差分别为- 0.98%和- 0.38%。结果表明，增大进口压力可以提高蒸汽的体积热容，加速热波传播，减小动压降。与阶跃变化相比，1°C/min的加热斜坡将热响应时间延长约50%，同时将热功率斜坡率降低6倍。结构分析进一步表明，金属壁主要控制暂态蓄热和热响应延迟，而保温层主要控制稳态散热。这些发现阐明了多层固体边界对瞬态共轭传热的独特贡献，为大型蒸汽输送系统的结构优化和动态调节提供了理论依据。

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引用次数: 0

Influence of Prandtl number on heat transfer over a permeable wall 普朗特数对可渗透壁面传热的影响

IF 4.8 3区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow

Pub Date : 2026-09-01 Epub Date: 2026-09-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheatfluidflow.2026.110629

Wojciech Sadowski, Hakan Demir, Francesca di Mare

The work considers a fully turbulent flow with heat transfer in a channel half-filled with an array of cubes based on the work of Breugem and Boersma (2005) and Chandesris et al. (2013), at

{Re}_{bulk} = 5485

and three different Prandtl numbers,

\Pr = 0.71,0.1,0.05

. The temperature is modelled as a passive scalar and two different boundary condition configurations are simulated. The influence of the Prandtl number on the mean temperature, its variance and the terms of the temperature budget is highlighted, including the analysis of the distribution and relative importance of the turbulent heat transfer, molecular diffusion, tortuosity and Brinkman terms near the porous-fluid interface. The latter two have been found to be insignificant for the highest

\Pr

. A set of terms, typically neglected during the upscaling procedure (related to the Taylor expansion of the filtered variables), is analysed for the first time for turbulent heat transfer at the porous-fluid interface, and these terms are found to be significant at low

\Pr

. The upscaled fields are evaluated with three different cellular-average kernels: linear (i.e., tent), quadratic and cubic, and the influence of the chosen filter is additionally studied.

根据Breugem和Boersma（2005）和Chandesris等人（2013）的研究，在Rebulk=5485和三种不同的普朗特数Pr=0.71、0.1和0.05时，研究了在半填充立方体阵列的通道中传热的完全湍流。将温度模型化为被动标量，并模拟了两种不同的边界条件。重点讨论了普朗特数对平均温度、平均温度方差和温度收支项的影响，包括分析了多孔流体界面附近的湍流传热、分子扩散、扭曲和Brinkman项的分布和相对重要性。后两者对于最高的Pr来说是不显著的。在升级过程中通常被忽略的一组项（与过滤变量的泰勒展开有关）首次被分析为多孔-流体界面的湍流传热，这些项在低Pr时被发现是显著的。升级场用三种不同的细胞平均核进行评估：此外，还研究了线性（即帐篷）、二次和三次滤波器以及所选滤波器的影响。

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引用次数: 0

Multi-objective optimization of spherically dimpled tubes for enhanced thermal-hydraulic performance 球窝管提高热工性能的多目标优化

IF 4.8 3区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow

Pub Date : 2026-09-01 Epub Date: 2026-08-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheatfluidflow.2026.110639

Kazem Mashayekh, Kevin Pope, Yuri S. Muzychka

In this paper, the thermo-hydraulic performance of spherical dimpled tubes is numerically investigated, and their geometric parameters are optimized using a statistical design approach. A validated three-dimensional numerical model is developed for (i) smooth and (ii) dimpled tubes to accurately predict turbulent flow and heat transfer characteristics. The heat transfer enhancement mechanisms are first examined through detailed flow and thermal field analyses using the one-factor-at-a-time (OFAT) method over a Reynolds number (Re) range of 5000–15,000. The investigated geometric parameters include dimple diameter, dimple pitch, and number of dimple stars. Subsequently, Response Surface Methodology (RSM) combined with the Box-Behnken Design (BBD) is employed at Re = 5000 to evaluate the effects of these parameters on the Nusselt number (Nu), friction factor (f), and performance evaluation criterion (PEC). Quadratic and modified quadratic regression models are developed and evaluated using analysis of variance (ANOVA). The ANOVA results reveal that dimple diameter has a significant positive effect on Nu but also increases f. Increasing the dimple pitch reduces Nu, while the interaction between dimple diameter and number of dimple stars significantly affects f and PEC. Multi-objective optimization based on the desirability function identifies the optimal geometric configuration, with prediction errors of less than 3% for all response variables. A comparison with the OFAT approach demonstrates that the BBD-based optimization provides a more efficient and systematic framework for identifying the optimal dimple geometry while substantially reducing the computational effort required for design optimization.

本文对球形凹泡管的热水力性能进行了数值研究，并采用统计设计方法对其几何参数进行了优化。建立了一种经过验证的(i)光滑管和（ii）凹陷管的三维数值模型，以准确预测湍流流动和传热特性。首先，在雷诺数（Re）为5000 - 15000的范围内，通过使用单因素一次（OFAT）方法进行详细的流动和热场分析，研究了传热增强机制。研究的几何参数包括酒窝直径、酒窝间距和酒窝星数。随后，在Re = 5000时，采用响应面法（RSM）结合Box-Behnken设计（BBD）来评估这些参数对努塞尔数（Nu）、摩擦系数(f)和性能评价标准（PEC）的影响。二次和修正二次回归模型开发和评估使用方差分析（ANOVA）。方差分析结果表明，酒窝直径对Nu有显著的正影响，但也会增加f。增加酒窝间距会降低Nu，而酒窝直径和酒窝星数之间的相互作用显著影响f和PEC。基于期望函数的多目标优化识别出最优几何构型，所有响应变量的预测误差小于3%。与OFAT方法的比较表明，基于bbd的优化提供了一个更有效和系统的框架来识别最佳的凹窝几何形状，同时大大减少了设计优化所需的计算量。

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引用次数: 0

DNS study on the roughness wavelength selectivity of crossflow vortex transition due to distributed surface roughness 分布表面粗糙度对横流涡转捩粗糙度波长选择性的DNS研究

IF 4.8 3区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow

Pub Date : 2026-09-01 Epub Date: 2026-09-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheatfluidflow.2026.110632

Kotaro Minamio, Kosuke Nakagawa, Ryo Araki, Takahiro Ishida, Takahiro Tsukahara

This numerical study investigates the transition process in a Falkner–Skan–Cooke boundary layer on a homogeneously-roughened swept flat plate, with varying roughness wavelengths and heights. Using direct numerical simulations, we determine the onset and development of stationary crossflow vortices (CFVs) and their eventual breakdown via secondary instabilities (SIs). The results highlight the wavelength-selective nature of roughness-induced instability: roughness matching the most unstable mode for the stationary CFV triggers the earliest CFV development and collapse. In contrast, both longer and shorter wavelengths alter the growing mode, ultimately delaying the collapse of CFVs and the transition to turbulence. Through spectral and statistical analyses, we identify clear milestones—occurrences of CFVs and SIs, and collapse of CFVs—which correspond well with flow visualizations. While canonical SI types (Type-1, 2, 3) are observed on short-wavelength roughness, mid- and long-wavelength cases reveal atypical unsteady behavior lacking clear spectral peaks. The observed delay in transition due to wavelength mismatches would have practical relevance to turbulent transition control.

本文研究了具有不同粗糙度波长和高度的均匀粗糙扫掠平板上的Falkner-Skan-Cooke边界层的过渡过程。通过直接数值模拟，我们确定了静止横流涡（cfv）的开始和发展，以及它们通过二次不稳定性（si）最终的破裂。结果强调了粗糙度引起的不稳定性的波长选择性：与固定CFV最不稳定模式匹配的粗糙度触发了CFV最早的发展和崩溃。相比之下，较长的和较短的波长都改变了生长模式，最终延缓了cfv的崩溃和向湍流的过渡。通过光谱和统计分析，我们确定了明确的里程碑- cfv和si的发生，以及cfv的崩溃-这与流动可视化很好地对应。虽然在短波长粗糙度上观察到典型的SI类型（1、2、3型），但在中长波长情况下，缺乏清晰的光谱峰，显示出非典型的不稳定行为。观察到的由于波长不匹配引起的过渡延迟将与湍流过渡控制具有实际意义。

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引用次数: 0

Composition effects in transcritical turbulent mixing of sustainable aviation fuel surrogates 可持续航空燃料替代品跨临界湍流混合中的成分效应

IF 4.8 3区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow

Pub Date : 2026-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheatfluidflow.2026.110644

M.M. Molinari, D. Cavalieri, L. Lucchese, J. Liberatori, M. Blandino, M. Valorani, P.P. Ciottoli

Drop-in sustainable aviation fuels coupled with high overall pressure ratio gas turbine engines constitute a promising pathway toward near-term carbon neutrality in the aviation sector. Under typical high-power operating conditions, however, the pressure in the combustor exceeds the fuel’s critical pressure, so injection occurs in a transcritical regime. In this regime, the thermophysical and transport properties of the working fluid exhibit pronounced non-linear variations, which significantly influence the mixing processes. While the effects of pressure and temperature on transcritical injection are well established for cryogenic rocket propellants, substantial uncertainty persists regarding how surrogate fuel composition affects numerical predictions for sustainable aviation fuels. In this work, we first validate a numerical framework for representing transcritical, multicomponent aviation fuels by coupling OpenFOAM with Cantera. We then investigate the effect of the number of chemical species in SAF surrogates on turbulent transcritical mixing under aero-engine relevant conditions through the diffuse-interface large-eddy simulation approach. The study focuses on the alcohol-to-jet fuel POSF-11498, classified as a category C fuel within the National Jet Fuels Combustion Program. The results demonstrate that a two-component surrogate, designed to capture the dominant

C_{12}

and

C_{16}

highly branched iso-paraffins of POSF-11498, reproduces the behavior of a more detailed seven-component surrogate with no appreciable loss of accuracy, at less than half its computational cost. In contrast, a single-component representation departs appreciably from the multicomponent surrogates in the prediction of density, heat capacity and thermal conductivity. In all cases the mixing field itself is nearly surrogate-independent, so the composition sensitivity stems from the real-fluid thermophysical properties rather than from the mixing dynamics. The proposed numerical framework provides a versatile foundation for high-fidelity LES investigations of transcritical injection of sustainable aviation fuels.

可持续航空燃料与高总压比燃气涡轮发动机相结合，构成了航空业近期实现碳中和的一条有希望的途径。然而，在典型的大功率工况下，燃烧室内的压力超过燃料的临界压力，因此喷射发生在跨临界状态。在这种状态下，工质的热物理性质和输运性质表现出明显的非线性变化，这显著影响了混合过程。虽然压力和温度对低温火箭推进剂跨临界喷射的影响已经确定，但替代燃料成分如何影响可持续航空燃料的数值预测仍然存在很大的不确定性。在这项工作中，我们首先通过将OpenFOAM与Cantera耦合来验证表示跨临界、多组分航空燃料的数值框架。然后，我们通过扩散界面大涡模拟方法研究了航空发动机相关条件下SAF替代品中化学物质数量对湍流跨临界混合的影响。这项研究的重点是酒精制喷气燃料POSF-11498，该燃料在美国国家喷气燃料燃烧计划中被列为C类燃料。结果表明，设计用于捕获POSF-11498的显性C12和C16高支链异构烷烃的双组分替代物，再现了更详细的七组分替代物的行为，没有明显的准确性损失，计算成本不到其一半。相比之下，在密度、热容和导热系数的预测中，单组分表示明显偏离多组分替代。在所有情况下，混合场本身几乎与代物无关，因此成分敏感性源于真实流体的热物理性质，而不是混合动力学。所提出的数值框架为可持续航空燃料跨临界喷射的高保真LES研究提供了一个通用的基础。

{"title":"Composition effects in transcritical turbulent mixing of sustainable aviation fuel surrogates","authors":"M.M. Molinari, D. Cavalieri, L. Lucchese, J. Liberatori, M. Blandino, M. Valorani, P.P. Ciottoli","doi":"10.1016/j.ijheatfluidflow.2026.110644","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijheatfluidflow.2026.110644","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Drop-in sustainable aviation fuels coupled with high overall pressure ratio gas turbine engines constitute a promising pathway toward near-term carbon neutrality in the aviation sector. Under typical high-power operating conditions, however, the pressure in the combustor exceeds the fuel’s critical pressure, so injection occurs in a transcritical regime. In this regime, the thermophysical and transport properties of the working fluid exhibit pronounced non-linear variations, which significantly influence the mixing processes. While the effects of pressure and temperature on transcritical injection are well established for cryogenic rocket propellants, substantial uncertainty persists regarding how surrogate fuel composition affects numerical predictions for sustainable aviation fuels. In this work, we first validate a numerical framework for representing transcritical, multicomponent aviation fuels by coupling OpenFOAM with Cantera. We then investigate the effect of the number of chemical species in SAF surrogates on turbulent transcritical mixing under aero-engine relevant conditions through the diffuse-interface large-eddy simulation approach. The study focuses on the alcohol-to-jet fuel POSF-11498, classified as a category C fuel within the National Jet Fuels Combustion Program. The results demonstrate that a two-component surrogate, designed to capture the dominant <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>C</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>12</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> and <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>C</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>16</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> highly branched iso-paraffins of POSF-11498, reproduces the behavior of a more detailed seven-component surrogate with no appreciable loss of accuracy, at less than half its computational cost. In contrast, a single-component representation departs appreciably from the multicomponent surrogates in the prediction of density, heat capacity and thermal conductivity. In all cases the mixing field itself is nearly surrogate-independent, so the composition sensitivity stems from the real-fluid thermophysical properties rather than from the mixing dynamics. The proposed numerical framework provides a versatile foundation for high-fidelity LES investigations of transcritical injection of sustainable aviation fuels.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":335,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow","volume":"121 ","pages":"Article 110644"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148934368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Two phase heat transfer performance of porous microchannels for kilowatt level high performance computing chips 千瓦级高性能计算芯片中多孔微通道的两相传热性能

IF 4.8 3区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow

Pub Date : 2026-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheatfluidflow.2026.110651

Yali Feng, Chengyu Hu, Xiaoping Yang, Yonghai Zhang, Zhiwei Zhang, Fangjiao Hui, Jinjia Wei

Deep learning, as a primary driver of the current technological revolution, is driving AI chips and data center servers toward ultra-high levels of integration. The resulting extreme thermal management challenges have rendered conventional cooling technologies inadequate. To address the critical heat dissipation bottlenecks of high-power AI server chips, this study presents an experimental investigation into the enhanced flow boiling heat transfer characteristics of R134a in microchannels. Microchannel heat sinks with three different channel spacings (0.4, 0.6 and 1.0 mm) were fabricated by a skiving process and then integrated with a novel large area controllable electrodeposited copper porous structure. A heating source with an area as large as 22.5 cm² was employed in the experiment. Under conditions of 5 K inlet subcooling and a range of low mass fluxes, the dynamic flow pattern transitions, heat transfer coefficients (HTC), critical heat flux (CHF), and pressure drop characteristics were evaluated. Flow visualization confirmed that the electrodeposited micro-nano porous morphology provides high nucleation site density, accelerating phase change, and inducing an earlier transition to the high efficiency annular flow pattern characterized by thin film evaporation. The 0.6 mm porous channel (P-0.6) effectively optimized the balance between bubble expansion and liquid film spreading in the confined space. Attributed to the capillary wicking of the porous network, wall dryout was significantly delayed, enabling superior heat transfer performance across the entire tested mass flux range. At a mass flux of 83.1 kg·m⁻²·s⁻¹, the P-1 heat sink successfully dissipated an extreme heat load of 1823 W, maintaining the wall temperature below 60℃ and the heater surface temperature below 62°C. While incurring a minor penalty in peak Coefficient of Performance (COP), the P-0.6 configuration significantly extended the high-efficiency operating range and cooling capacity of the heat sink. These findings provide critical data and theoretical guidance for the development of next-generation two-phase cooling architectures for high performance servers.

作为当前技术革命的主要推动力，深度学习正在推动人工智能芯片和数据中心服务器走向超高水平的集成。由此产生的极端热管理挑战使得传统的冷却技术无法胜任。为了解决大功率AI服务器芯片的关键散热瓶颈，本研究对R134a在微通道中增强流动沸腾换热特性进行了实验研究。采用刮焊工艺制备了三种不同通道间距（0.4、0.6和1.0 mm）的微通道散热器，并将其与一种新型的大面积可控电沉积铜多孔结构集成在一起。实验中使用的热源面积达22.5 cm2。在5 K进口过冷和低质量通量范围内，对动态流型转换、换热系数（HTC）、临界热流密度（CHF）和压降特性进行了评估。流动可视化证实，电沉积的微纳多孔形态具有高成核位密度，加速相变，并诱导更早地过渡到以薄膜蒸发为特征的高效环流模式。0.6 mm多孔通道（P-0.6）有效地优化了气泡膨胀与液膜在密闭空间内扩散之间的平衡。由于多孔网络的毛细抽芯，墙体干干被显著推迟，在整个测试质量通量范围内实现了卓越的传热性能。在质量通量为83.1 kg·m−2·s−1的情况下，P-1型散热器成功地散热了1823 W的极端热负荷，使壁面温度保持在60℃以下，加热器表面温度保持在62℃以下。虽然在峰值性能系数（COP）上造成了轻微的损失，但P-0.6的配置显着扩展了散热器的高效工作范围和冷却能力。这些发现为高性能服务器的下一代两相冷却架构的开发提供了关键数据和理论指导。

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引用次数: 0

Vortex dynamics and entropy generation in the multi-objective optimization of bio-inspired ribs for internal cooling 仿生肋内冷多目标优化中的涡动力学与熵生成

IF 4.8 3区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow

Pub Date : 2026-09-01 Epub Date: 2026-08-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheatfluidflow.2026.110646

Yaping Sun, Qilong Liu, Shijie Li, Shizhen Qi, Shaohua Han, Runsheng Zhang, Leping Zhou, Li Li, Hui Zhang, Xiaoze Du

This study investigates the fundamental flow physics and thermodynamic irreversibilities governing the performance of bio-inspired, shark-skin rib structures for internal cooling applications. A multi-objective optimization framework integrating Response Surface Methodology (RSM) and a Genetic Algorithm (GA) was employed to optimize four geometric parameters. For turbine blade cooling, a balance was sought between maximizing heat transfer efficiency (Nu/Nu₀) and minimizing flow resistance (f/f₀) under a Re = 10,000. This methodology enables not only a substantial reduction in computation time but also efficient identification of Pareto-optimal solutions by the RSM-GA framework within the investigated design space. The Pareto-optimal designs show two performance patterns (RA and RB), which are named primarily according to the initials of the ribs and their order. Design RA has a better balance, with an 81% higher thermo-hydraulic performance factor. Design RB maximizes heat transfer (77% gain) but causes excessive pressure loss. Detailed flow diagnostics show that the optimized geometries disrupt coherent streamwise vortices, generating complex secondary flows and multi-scale turbulence that enhance fluid mixing. In contrast to existing rib designs, this study adopts an integrated approach combining multi-objective optimization of bionic ribs with entropy generation analysis. The entropy analysis reveals that the peak entropy production of RB was 67% and 44% higher than that of RO and RA. This work links geometric design to underlying vortex dynamics and second-law efficiency, offering fundamental insights for advanced thermal management.

本研究探讨了控制生物启发鲨鱼皮肋结构内部冷却应用性能的基本流动物理和热力学不可逆性。采用响应面法（RSM）和遗传算法（GA）相结合的多目标优化框架对4个几何参数进行优化。对于涡轮叶片冷却，在Re = 10,000时，在最大传热效率（Nu/Nu0）和最小流动阻力（f/f0）之间寻求平衡。这种方法不仅可以大大减少计算时间，而且可以在所研究的设计空间内通过RSM-GA框架有效地识别帕累托最优解。帕累托最优设计表现出两种性能模式（RA和RB），这两种模式主要根据肋的首字母及其顺序命名。设计RA具有更好的平衡性，热液性能系数提高81%。设计RB最大限度地传热（77%增益），但造成过大的压力损失。详细的流动诊断表明，优化的几何形状破坏了连贯的流向涡，产生了复杂的二次流和多尺度湍流，增强了流体混合。与现有肋部设计相比，本研究采用了仿生肋部多目标优化与熵生成分析相结合的方法。熵分析表明，RB的峰值熵产比RO和RA分别高67%和44%。这项工作将几何设计与潜在的涡流动力学和第二定律效率联系起来，为先进的热管理提供了基本的见解。

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引用次数: 0

Hybrid RANS/LES simulations of compressible turbulent flows using high-order finite differencing method 基于高阶有限差分法的可压缩湍流混合RANS/LES模拟

IF 4.8 3区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow

Pub Date : 2026-09-01 Epub Date: 2026-08-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheatfluidflow.2026.110643

Wenchang Wu, Xiaoliang Deng, Xingsi Han

The study seeks an effective high-fidelity numerical simulation method for compressible turbulent flows. To this end, an efficient unified seamless hybrid Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes/Large eddy simulation (RANS/LES) method coupled with high-order finite differencing scheme is implemented and evaluated. The high-order PHengLEI flow solver is used to perform the numerical simulations. To obtain the high resolution of multiscale turbulence, a newly developed six-point multi-order candidate (MOC) nonlinear weighting with an adaptive Riemann solver is applied within the framework of high-order weighted compact nonlinear scheme (WCNS). To be applicable to compressible separated flows with affordable computation grids, a two-layer self-adaptive model is developed to improve the original Self-Adaptive Turbulence Eddy Simulation (SATES) method, resulting in the SATES-II model, in which the filter length scale has a dynamic coefficient coupling local turbulent flow features. The proposed methods are validated through supersonic base flow and a multi-element airfoil at high Reynolds number. Results demonstrate that the SATES-II model with adaptive filter length scale outperforms both the previous SATES-SM model and the IDDES model. Furthermore, the adaptive filter length scale in the present SATES-II model is extended to formulate a new-version of DES method, i.e. AIDDES model, which shows notable improvements.

本研究寻求一种有效的高保真的可压缩湍流数值模拟方法。为此，实现并评估了一种高效的统一无缝混合雷诺平均纳维-斯托克斯/大涡模拟（RANS/LES）方法与高阶有限差分格式的耦合。采用高阶PHengLEI流动求解器进行数值模拟。为了获得多尺度湍流的高分辨率，在高阶加权紧化非线性格式（WCNS）框架内，应用了一种新开发的六点多阶候选非线性加权和自适应Riemann求解器。为了适用于计算网格负担得起的可压缩分离流，对原有的自适应湍流涡模拟（self-adaptive Turbulence Eddy Simulation， SATES）方法进行改进，提出了一种双层自适应模型，得到了滤子长度尺度具有耦合局部湍流特征的动态系数的SATES- ii模型。通过超声速基流和高雷诺数多单元翼型试验验证了所提方法的有效性。结果表明，自适应滤波长度尺度的SATES-II模型优于先前的SATES-SM模型和IDDES模型。在此基础上，对现有的SATES-II模型中的自适应滤波长度尺度进行了扩展，形成了一种新的DES方法，即AIDDES模型，改进效果显著。

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引用次数: 0

Direct numerical simulation of turbulent flow of liquid hydrogen with wall boiling 液氢壁沸腾紊流的直接数值模拟

IF 4.8 3区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow

Pub Date : 2026-09-01 Epub Date: 2026-05-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheatfluidflow.2026.110449

Tatsuya Yonemura, Takashi Ohta

The flow of a cryogenic fluid such as liquid hydrogen can become turbulent, and phase changes can occur owing to variations in wall temperatures, resulting in significant alterations in the flow field. Direct numerical simulations were conducted to investigate turbulent liquid hydrogen with near-wall boiling in a parallel-plate channel. The simulations showed that heating one wall induced boiling within fully developed wall turbulence. The turbulence statistics and the relationship between near-wall turbulence structures and phase change were analyzed in detail. The results demonstrate that boiling phenomena accelerate wall-normal and spanwise velocities that promote the sweep and ejection near the wall, temporarily increasing the turbulent kinetic energy by approximately 1.5 times. Additionally, turbulence influences boiling after an initial transient period, thereby enhancing phase-change. The turbulence statistics indicate that boiling modulates wall turbulence toward isotropy. The local phase change also increases the streamwise velocity near the wall, which in turn reduces the velocity gradient, thereby decreasing the turbulent kinetic energy. Furthermore, the combined effects of these mechanisms reveal a turbulence modulation due to the interaction between the near-wall turbulence structure and the phase change, characterized by turbulence enhancement, followed by its suppression over time. Accurately predicting these phenomena using statistical modeling techniques that treat the turbulence structure as the Reynolds stress is fundamentally challenging, and an appropriate turbulence model is required to reproduce the phenomena observed in this study.

液态氢等低温流体的流动会变得湍流，并且由于壁面温度的变化会发生相变，从而导致流场的显著变化。对平行板通道内近壁沸腾的湍流液氢进行了直接数值模拟。模拟结果表明，在充分发展的壁面湍流中，加热一侧壁面会引起沸腾。详细分析了湍流统计量以及近壁湍流结构与相变的关系。结果表明，沸腾现象加速了壁向速度和展向速度，促进了壁面附近的扫射和喷射，暂时使湍流动能增加了约1.5倍。此外，湍流在初始瞬态期后影响沸腾，从而增强相变。湍流统计表明，沸腾使壁面湍流向各向同性方向调节。局部相变也增加了壁面附近的流向速度，从而减小了速度梯度，从而降低了湍流动能。此外，这些机制的综合效应揭示了近壁湍流结构与相变之间的相互作用导致的湍流调制，其特征是湍流增强，随后随时间抑制。使用将湍流结构视为雷诺应力的统计建模技术准确预测这些现象从根本上具有挑战性，需要一个合适的湍流模型来再现本研究中观察到的现象。

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Editorial for the special issue: Thermos-fluidics in low-carbon/green power conversion systems 特刊社论：低碳/绿色电力转换系统中的热流体学

IF 4.8 3区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow

Pub Date : 2026-09-01 Epub Date: 2026-06-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheatfluidflow.2026.110505

Lin Chen, Atsuki Komiya, Bengt Sunden, Xiaohu Yang

引用次数: 0