Pub Date : 2026-04-01Epub Date: 2026-04-23DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2026.110570
Guikai Ye, Weidong Meng, Yangen Huang
A photo-induced charge transfer complexation strategy with phosphonium iodides has been developed to enable arylthiodifluoromethylation reactions of isocyanides. The transformation proceeds via addition of the arylthiodifluoromethyl radical which is generated by photolysis of the arylthiodifluoromethyl phosphonium iodide to the isonitrile group followed by intramolecular cyclization. This strategy provides a convenient, mild, and green approach for the synthesis of arylthiodifluoromethylated phenanthridines and isoquinolines.
{"title":"Visible light-induced photolysis of phosphonium iodides for the radical arylthiodifluoromethylation of isocyanides","authors":"Guikai Ye, Weidong Meng, Yangen Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.jfluchem.2026.110570","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfluchem.2026.110570","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A photo-induced charge transfer complexation strategy with phosphonium iodides has been developed to enable arylthiodifluoromethylation reactions of isocyanides. The transformation proceeds via addition of the arylthiodifluoromethyl radical which is generated by photolysis of the arylthiodifluoromethyl phosphonium iodide to the isonitrile group followed by intramolecular cyclization. This strategy provides a convenient, mild, and green approach for the synthesis of arylthiodifluoromethylated phenanthridines and isoquinolines.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":357,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fluorine Chemistry","volume":"291 ","pages":"Article 110570"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147749732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-01Epub Date: 2026-02-25DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2026.110549
Sergiy S. Mykhaylychenko, Yuriy G. Shermolovich
Polyfluoroalkyl-substituted thioamides have attracted growing interest over the past two decades and have currently emerged as versatile fluorine-containing building-blocks. In the first part of the review, the different synthetic approaches developed so far for the preparation of polyfluoroalkanethioamides have been described and analyzed, with emphasis on their scope and limitations. In the second part, the chemical properties of polyfluoroalkanethioamides are discussed, highlighting a variety of their applications in the synthesis of organofluorine compounds that underscore their high synthetic potential. The review covers the literature published from 1956, when the synthesis of polyfluoroalkanethioamides was first reported, until the present. The bibliography contains 121 references.
{"title":"Preparation and synthetic applications of polyfluoroalkanethioamides✰","authors":"Sergiy S. Mykhaylychenko, Yuriy G. Shermolovich","doi":"10.1016/j.jfluchem.2026.110549","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfluchem.2026.110549","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Polyfluoroalkyl-substituted thioamides have attracted growing interest over the past two decades and have currently emerged as versatile fluorine-containing building-blocks. In the first part of the review, the different synthetic approaches developed so far for the preparation of polyfluoroalkanethioamides have been described and analyzed, with emphasis on their scope and limitations. In the second part, the chemical properties of polyfluoroalkanethioamides are discussed, highlighting a variety of their applications in the synthesis of organofluorine compounds that underscore their high synthetic potential. The review covers the literature published from 1956, when the synthesis of polyfluoroalkanethioamides was first reported, until the present. The bibliography contains 121 references.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":357,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fluorine Chemistry","volume":"290 ","pages":"Article 110549"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147397941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-01Epub Date: 2026-01-10DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2026.110537
Liam N.D. Beardmore, Alexander J. Hague, Steven L. Cobb, William D.G. Brittain
Acyl fluorides have been previously shown to be competent electrophiles in the generation of ketones via Suzuki-Miyaura Cross-Couplings. However, such methodologies rely on isolated, pre-formed acyl fluorides which hampers the scope and flexibility of these approaches. In addition many acyl fluorides are unstable under ambient conditions and they suffer from instability during synthesis, isolation, or storage. Herein we report the use of an in situ generation of acyl fluorides in combination with Suzuki-Miyaura Cross-Coupling to generate di-aryl ketones. This allows the direct conversion of ubiquitous carboxylic acids to highly valuable ketones. The developed methodology was also found to be applicable to a range of aromatic and heteroaromatic carboxylic acids, affording an increased reaction scope compared to contemporary approaches.
{"title":"Suzuki-Miyaura cross-couplings from carboxylic acids via in situ acyl fluoride electrophiles","authors":"Liam N.D. Beardmore, Alexander J. Hague, Steven L. Cobb, William D.G. Brittain","doi":"10.1016/j.jfluchem.2026.110537","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfluchem.2026.110537","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Acyl fluorides have been previously shown to be competent electrophiles in the generation of ketones via Suzuki-Miyaura Cross-Couplings. However, such methodologies rely on isolated, pre-formed acyl fluorides which hampers the scope and flexibility of these approaches. In addition many acyl fluorides are unstable under ambient conditions and they suffer from instability during synthesis, isolation, or storage. Herein we report the use of an <em>in situ</em> generation of acyl fluorides in combination with Suzuki-Miyaura Cross-Coupling to generate di-aryl ketones. This allows the direct conversion of ubiquitous carboxylic acids to highly valuable ketones. The developed methodology was also found to be applicable to a range of aromatic and heteroaromatic carboxylic acids, affording an increased reaction scope compared to contemporary approaches.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":357,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fluorine Chemistry","volume":"290 ","pages":"Article 110537"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145975212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-01Epub Date: 2026-02-02DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2026.110542
Ivan A. Kochnev, Alexey Y. Barkov
In this work, regioselective cyclization of 6-polyfluoroalkyl-1-arylhexane-1,3,5-triones to 5-polyfluoroalkyl-3-hydroxyfuranes is reported. The synthesis of 5-polyfluoroalkyl-3-hydroxyfuranes is based on hypervalent iodine (III)-mediated oxidative cyclization of 6-polyfluoroalkyl-1-arylhexane-1,3,5-triones in DCM. The effect of the hypervalent iodine (III) reagents, bases and solvents has been studied. This convenient and simple method allows the gram-scale synthesis of 5-polyfluoroalkyl-3-hydroxyfuranes with yields up to 67 %.
{"title":"Regioselective syntheses of 5-polyfluoroalkyl-3-hydroxyfuranes by oxidative cyclization of 6-polyfluoroalkyl-1-arylhexane-1,3,5-triones with hypervalent iodine(III) compounds","authors":"Ivan A. Kochnev, Alexey Y. Barkov","doi":"10.1016/j.jfluchem.2026.110542","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfluchem.2026.110542","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this work, regioselective cyclization of 6-polyfluoroalkyl-1-arylhexane-1,3,5-triones to 5-polyfluoroalkyl-3-hydroxyfuranes is reported. The synthesis of 5-polyfluoroalkyl-3-hydroxyfuranes is based on hypervalent iodine (III)-mediated oxidative cyclization of 6-polyfluoroalkyl-1-arylhexane-1,3,5-triones in DCM. The effect of the hypervalent iodine (III) reagents, bases and solvents has been studied. This convenient and simple method allows the gram-scale synthesis of 5-polyfluoroalkyl-3-hydroxyfuranes with yields up to 67 %.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":357,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fluorine Chemistry","volume":"290 ","pages":"Article 110542"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147397905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-01Epub Date: 2026-01-31DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2026.110543
Duraisamy Udhayakumari , A. Nanthakumar
Fluoride ions exhibit a dual nature as essential trace elements and potential toxicants, demanding sensitive and selective detection methods. Chromogenic and fluorogenic chemosensors have emerged as effective tools due to their simplicity, rapid response, and visual readout. In this context, heterocycle-based molecular probes have attracted increasing attention for fluoride sensing owing to their tunable electronic properties, strong anion–receptor interactions, and versatile signal transduction mechanisms. This review summarizes recent advances in heterocyclic chromogenic and fluorogenic probes for toxic fluoride ion detection, with emphasis on molecular design strategies such as hydrogen bonding, deprotonation, Lewis acid–base interactions, and reaction-based sensing. Key photophysical pathways, including ICT, PET, ESIPT, and AIE, are discussed to elucidate structure–property–function relationships. Challenges such as interference from basic anions, solvent effects, and limited aqueous compatibility are highlighted, along with future perspectives to guide the development of robust heterocycle-based probes for reliable fluoride monitoring.
{"title":"Fluoride ion detection with heterocyclic chromogenic and fluorogenic probes: Molecular design and response pathways","authors":"Duraisamy Udhayakumari , A. Nanthakumar","doi":"10.1016/j.jfluchem.2026.110543","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfluchem.2026.110543","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fluoride ions exhibit a dual nature as essential trace elements and potential toxicants, demanding sensitive and selective detection methods. Chromogenic and fluorogenic chemosensors have emerged as effective tools due to their simplicity, rapid response, and visual readout. In this context, heterocycle-based molecular probes have attracted increasing attention for fluoride sensing owing to their tunable electronic properties, strong anion–receptor interactions, and versatile signal transduction mechanisms. This review summarizes recent advances in heterocyclic chromogenic and fluorogenic probes for toxic fluoride ion detection, with emphasis on molecular design strategies such as hydrogen bonding, deprotonation, Lewis acid–base interactions, and reaction-based sensing. Key photophysical pathways, including ICT, PET, ESIPT, and AIE, are discussed to elucidate structure–property–function relationships. Challenges such as interference from basic anions, solvent effects, and limited aqueous compatibility are highlighted, along with future perspectives to guide the development of robust heterocycle-based probes for reliable fluoride monitoring.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":357,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fluorine Chemistry","volume":"290 ","pages":"Article 110543"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147397906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Groundwater fluoride contamination is a global issue that endangers drinking water and human health. Long term human developed and environmental management both greatly depends on the defluorination of aqueous solution. The most defluorination method is adsorption, which is both economical and effective. For the defluorination of water in drinking water we have synthesized different magnesium aluminium oxide/layered double hydroxide nanocomposite material (Mg2+: Al3+ = 1:1, 1:2, and 2:1 abbreviated as MAO11–400, MAO12–500, and MAO21–600 heat treated at 400 °C, 500 °C and 600 °C respectively) by one pot solution combustion method using triethanolamine as a fuel and stabilizer. The thermal stability of the sample was checked by TGA analysis. The crystalline nature of the sample was characterised by XRD study. The functional group of the sample was identified by the FTIR study. The adsorption isotherm and pore volume of the samples were identified by the BET isotherm and BJH method respectively. Different magnesium aluminium oxide/layered double hydroxide nanocomposite materials were investigated by batch experiments. Based on the results, the Freundlich isothermal model could accurately describe the samples fluoride absorption behaviour, and the maximum adsorption capacity according to the Langmuir model was estimated as 133.51 mg/g for the sample MAO12–400. The adsorption kinetics data indicates that it follows pseudo-second-order model, and adsorption equilibrium reached within just 20 min of the sample MAO12–400. The samples have fluoride ion selectivity especially when various ions were present in real water, and work over wide pH range. XPS outcomes indicated that ion exchange between hydroxide ions of the sample and fluoride ions of the sample were mainly responsible for fluoride adsorption. Based on the kinetics data it may be concluded that all the adsorbents are quick and effective adsorbent, and may be used for fluoride mitigation from drinking water.
{"title":"Tuning of Mg–Al LDH-derived nanocomposites via calcination and metal ratio control: Implications for fluoride removal efficiency","authors":"Bholanath Panda, Supriya Mandal, Debasish Mondal, Julekha Khatun, Rajesh Singh, Debasis Dhak","doi":"10.1016/j.jfluchem.2026.110539","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfluchem.2026.110539","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Groundwater fluoride contamination is a global issue that endangers drinking water and human health. Long term human developed and environmental management both greatly depends on the defluorination of aqueous solution. The most defluorination method is adsorption, which is both economical and effective. For the defluorination of water in drinking water we have synthesized different magnesium aluminium oxide/layered double hydroxide nanocomposite material (Mg<sup>2+</sup>: Al<sup>3+</sup> = 1:1, 1:2, and 2:1 abbreviated as MAO11–400, MAO12–500, and MAO21–600 heat treated at 400 °C, 500 °C and 600 °C respectively) by one pot solution combustion method using triethanolamine as a fuel and stabilizer. The thermal stability of the sample was checked by TGA analysis. The crystalline nature of the sample was characterised by XRD study. The functional group of the sample was identified by the FTIR study. The adsorption isotherm and pore volume of the samples were identified by the BET isotherm and BJH method respectively. Different magnesium aluminium oxide/layered double hydroxide nanocomposite materials were investigated by batch experiments. Based on the results, the Freundlich isothermal model could accurately describe the samples fluoride absorption behaviour, and the maximum adsorption capacity according to the Langmuir model was estimated as 133.51 mg/g for the sample MAO12–400. The adsorption kinetics data indicates that it follows pseudo-second-order model, and adsorption equilibrium reached within just 20 min of the sample MAO12–400. The samples have fluoride ion selectivity especially when various ions were present in real water, and work over wide pH range. XPS outcomes indicated that ion exchange between hydroxide ions of the sample and fluoride ions of the sample were mainly responsible for fluoride adsorption. Based on the kinetics data it may be concluded that all the adsorbents are quick and effective adsorbent, and may be used for fluoride mitigation from drinking water.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":357,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fluorine Chemistry","volume":"290 ","pages":"Article 110539"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146074397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We report a divergent synthetic approach to α,α-difluoro-β-amino esters and thioesters based on the nucleophilic ring-opening of α,α-difluoro-β-lactams. The high reactivity of the lactam scaffold arises from the combined effects of significant ring strain and the strong electron-withdrawing character of the CF₂ group without the need for external activating agents. The ring-opening reaction of α,α-difluoro-β-lactams with alcohols in the presence of diisopropylethylamine in 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol afforded the corresponding α,α-difluoro-β-amino esters in good to excellent yields. In contrast, switching the solvent to N,N-dimethyl formamide enabled efficient reactions with thiol nucleophiles, providing access to α,α-difluoro-β-amino thioesters in high yields. This study demonstrates that α,α-difluoro-β-lactams are a versatile platform for synthesizing fluorinated β-amino acid derivatives with potential applications in medicinal chemistry and peptide ligation chemistry.
{"title":"Synthetic utility of α,α-difluoro-β-lactams as a divergent platform for accessing CF₂-containing β-amino acid derivatives","authors":"Atsushi Tarui, Naotaka Yamada, Akimasa Ueda, Yukiko Karuo, Shoki Hoshikawa, Kazuyuki Sato, Kentaro Kawai, Masaaki Omote","doi":"10.1016/j.jfluchem.2026.110546","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfluchem.2026.110546","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We report a divergent synthetic approach to α,α-difluoro-β-amino esters and thioesters based on the nucleophilic ring-opening of α,α-difluoro-β-lactams. The high reactivity of the lactam scaffold arises from the combined effects of significant ring strain and the strong electron-withdrawing character of the CF₂ group without the need for external activating agents. The ring-opening reaction of α,α-difluoro-β-lactams with alcohols in the presence of diisopropylethylamine in 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol afforded the corresponding α,α-difluoro-β-amino esters in good to excellent yields. In contrast, switching the solvent to <em>N,N</em>-dimethyl formamide enabled efficient reactions with thiol nucleophiles, providing access to α,α-difluoro-β-amino thioesters in high yields. This study demonstrates that α,α-difluoro-β-lactams are a versatile platform for synthesizing fluorinated β-amino acid derivatives with potential applications in medicinal chemistry and peptide ligation chemistry.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":357,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fluorine Chemistry","volume":"290 ","pages":"Article 110546"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147397907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-01Epub Date: 2026-01-11DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2026.110538
Muying Ge , Hongru Zhou , Kai Wang , Hideki Yoshioka , Haiting Wu , Ziyi Lu , Yafei Zhou , Biao Zhou
Fires in historic buildings frequently cause severe cultural heritage losses. Fluorinated fire agent can be effectively applied to protect historic buildings. However, fluorinated fire agents may exert certain impacts on the surfaces of artifacts near the fire site. It is essential to elucidate the mechanisms by which fluorinated fire agents affect the surfaces of the interior artworks. This study systematically investigates the surface corrosive and modification effects of five fluorinated fire agents (C3H2BrF3, C9F18, C5H3OF9, C6F12O, and C3H2ClF3) on the surface of a selected Chinese painting. Colorimetric analysis, SEM, XRD, and FTIR-ATR were used to assess changes in color, microstructural morphology, crystalline composition, and molecular structure, separately. It is found that C3H2BrF3 caused severe corrosion to the fiber structure and significantly altered the chemical composition. C5H3OF9 induced wrinkling of fibers and disruptions to molecular bonding structures of the painting surface. C6F12O caused alterations in the crystalline phases and slight structural damage on the surface. C3H2ClF3 and C9F18 exhibited comparatively milder effects on surfaces. The findings demonstrate that fluorinated fire agents inflict varying degrees of corrosion and chemical modification on the selected painting surface. It elucidates the surface modification mechanisms induced by fluorinated fire extinguishing agents and contributes to the conservation of cultural heritage.
{"title":"Surface degradation and modification of traditional Chinese paintings exposed to fluorinated chemical agents","authors":"Muying Ge , Hongru Zhou , Kai Wang , Hideki Yoshioka , Haiting Wu , Ziyi Lu , Yafei Zhou , Biao Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.jfluchem.2026.110538","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfluchem.2026.110538","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fires in historic buildings frequently cause severe cultural heritage losses. Fluorinated fire agent can be effectively applied to protect historic buildings. However, fluorinated fire agents may exert certain impacts on the surfaces of artifacts near the fire site. It is essential to elucidate the mechanisms by which fluorinated fire agents affect the surfaces of the interior artworks. This study systematically investigates the surface corrosive and modification effects of five fluorinated fire agents (C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>2</sub>BrF<sub>3</sub>, C<sub>9</sub>F<sub>18</sub>, C<sub>5</sub>H<sub>3</sub>OF<sub>9</sub>, C<sub>6</sub>F<sub>12</sub>O, and C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>2</sub>ClF<sub>3</sub>) on the surface of a selected Chinese painting. Colorimetric analysis, SEM, XRD, and FTIR-ATR were used to assess changes in color, microstructural morphology, crystalline composition, and molecular structure, separately. It is found that C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>2</sub>BrF<sub>3</sub> caused severe corrosion to the fiber structure and significantly altered the chemical composition. C<sub>5</sub>H<sub>3</sub>OF<sub>9</sub> induced wrinkling of fibers and disruptions to molecular bonding structures of the painting surface. C<sub>6</sub>F<sub>12</sub>O caused alterations in the crystalline phases and slight structural damage on the surface. C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>2</sub>ClF<sub>3</sub> and C<sub>9</sub>F<sub>18</sub> exhibited comparatively milder effects on surfaces. The findings demonstrate that fluorinated fire agents inflict varying degrees of corrosion and chemical modification on the selected painting surface. It elucidates the surface modification mechanisms induced by fluorinated fire extinguishing agents and contributes to the conservation of cultural heritage.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":357,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fluorine Chemistry","volume":"290 ","pages":"Article 110538"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145975211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-01Epub Date: 2026-01-07DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2026.110527
Vivek Kumar , Meenu , M. Shaquiquzzaman, M. Mumtaz Alam, Mymoona Akhter, Darakhshan Parveen, Mohammad Kaleem, Shyama Charan, Md. Khalid Saifullah, Sharba Tasneem
Fluorine has emerged as a key element in modern drug discovery. It influences the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of the drug substance, affecting the overall pharmacological profile. Its impact is reflected in the growing number of FDA-approved fluorine-containing drugs across diverse disease areas, particularly in oncology. This review provides a comprehensive account of FDA-approved fluorine-containing drugs, highlighting their clinical applications in various diseases. Special emphasis is placed on fluorine-containing anticancer agents, tracing their synthetic evolution from 1955 to 2024 as reported in the literature. By integrating structural, mechanistic, and synthetic perspectives, this work emphasises the critical role of fluorination in shaping drug design strategies and therapeutic innovation. Furthermore, a target-oriented classification and SAR evaluation of fluorinated drugs are presented to elucidate how specific fluorine substitutions shape potency, selectivity, and overall therapeutic performance. To support these analyses, a comparative SAR table is included, detailing fluorine positions, their impact on potency and pharmacokinetics, and the mechanistic rationale underlying these effects. The insights presented herein aim to guide future medicinal chemistry efforts toward the rational development of next-generation fluorinated drugs with enhanced efficacy and safety profiles.
{"title":"Fluorine in Pharmaceuticals and Synthetic Strategies for Fluorine-Containing Molecules in Anticancer Drug Discovery: A Review","authors":"Vivek Kumar , Meenu , M. Shaquiquzzaman, M. Mumtaz Alam, Mymoona Akhter, Darakhshan Parveen, Mohammad Kaleem, Shyama Charan, Md. Khalid Saifullah, Sharba Tasneem","doi":"10.1016/j.jfluchem.2026.110527","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfluchem.2026.110527","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fluorine has emerged as a key element in modern drug discovery. It influences the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of the drug substance, affecting the overall pharmacological profile. Its impact is reflected in the growing number of FDA-approved fluorine-containing drugs across diverse disease areas, particularly in oncology. This review provides a comprehensive account of FDA-approved fluorine-containing drugs, highlighting their clinical applications in various diseases. Special emphasis is placed on fluorine-containing anticancer agents, tracing their synthetic evolution from 1955 to 2024 as reported in the literature. By integrating structural, mechanistic, and synthetic perspectives, this work emphasises the critical role of fluorination in shaping drug design strategies and therapeutic innovation. Furthermore, a target-oriented classification and SAR evaluation of fluorinated drugs are presented to elucidate how specific fluorine substitutions shape potency, selectivity, and overall therapeutic performance. To support these analyses, a comparative SAR table is included, detailing fluorine positions, their impact on potency and pharmacokinetics, and the mechanistic rationale underlying these effects. The insights presented herein aim to guide future medicinal chemistry efforts toward the rational development of next-generation fluorinated drugs with enhanced efficacy and safety profiles.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":357,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fluorine Chemistry","volume":"290 ","pages":"Article 110527"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145908881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-01Epub Date: 2026-01-23DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2026.110540
Taylor Semeniuk, Dennis D. Toporkov, Tyler de Goede, Jean-Denys Hamel
An organophotocatalytic process for the defluorinative γ-substitution of allylic difluorides with N-alkylanilines, 2-oxoacids and N-protected α-amino acids was devised, which was previously reported using metal-based photoredox catalysts. In several instances, the organophotocatalytic reaction conditions produced yields comparable to or better than the metal-based catalytic processes. Additionally, our new method has expanded the functional group tolerance to include N-acetyl α-amino acids. Fine-tuning each set of reaction conditions to implement organophotocatalysis provided a greener and more affordable avenue towards the synthesis of monofluoroalkenes.
{"title":"Organophotocatalytic defluorinative γ-substitution towards monofluoroalkenes","authors":"Taylor Semeniuk, Dennis D. Toporkov, Tyler de Goede, Jean-Denys Hamel","doi":"10.1016/j.jfluchem.2026.110540","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfluchem.2026.110540","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>An organophotocatalytic process for the defluorinative γ-substitution of allylic difluorides with <em>N</em>-alkylanilines, 2-oxoacids and <em>N</em>-protected α-amino acids was devised, which was previously reported using metal-based photoredox catalysts. In several instances, the organophotocatalytic reaction conditions produced yields comparable to or better than the metal-based catalytic processes. Additionally, our new method has expanded the functional group tolerance to include <em>N</em>-acetyl α-amino acids. Fine-tuning each set of reaction conditions to implement organophotocatalysis provided a greener and more affordable avenue towards the synthesis of monofluoroalkenes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":357,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fluorine Chemistry","volume":"290 ","pages":"Article 110540"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146024191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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