Aged PVC (A-PVC) exhibits distinct surface chemistry from original PVC that may result in different toxicokinetic and toxicodynamic behaviors, yet relevant evidence remains limited. This study investigated the tissue distribution, excretion kinetics and liver metabolic responses of PVC and its debris A-PVC in C57BL/6J mice following acute oral exposure. Py-GC/QTOF measurement revealed that both particles rapidly accumulated in major organs of liver, spleen, heart and lung, and that the particle burdens in the measured organs declined substantially by 72h, which was further verified by the multiple imaging analysis. Although histopathological and biochemical alterations gradually attenuated during recovery, small A-PVC elicited more severe acute biological responses, whereas large original PVC produced relatively sustained toxic effects characterized by oxidative stress, inflammation and endocrine disruption. These findings highlight aging-associated alterations in the kinetic behavior of PVC MNPs. Notably, the organ specific clearance patterns of 300-1300nm aged PVC are consistent with a hypothesized non-biliary intestinal excretion pathway, which warrants further verification.
{"title":"Detoxification-associated polyvinyl chloride micro- and nanoplastics clearance and liver metabolomic responses in mice","authors":"Hongying Gao, Zehua Xu, Jing Li, Yu Gao, Jierong Zheng, Miaomiao Ren, Yiyang Duan, Jiarui Li, Hao Chang, Guiying Liu, Heng Wang, Liangpo Liu, Heqing Shen","doi":"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.144062","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.144062","url":null,"abstract":"Aged PVC (A-PVC) exhibits distinct surface chemistry from original PVC that may result in different toxicokinetic and toxicodynamic behaviors, yet relevant evidence remains limited. This study investigated the tissue distribution, excretion kinetics and liver metabolic responses of PVC and its debris A-PVC in C57BL/6<ce:hsp sp=\"0.25\"></ce:hsp>J mice following acute oral exposure. Py-GC/QTOF measurement revealed that both particles rapidly accumulated in major organs of liver, spleen, heart and lung, and that the particle burdens in the measured organs declined substantially by 72<ce:hsp sp=\"0.25\"></ce:hsp>h, which was further verified by the multiple imaging analysis. Although histopathological and biochemical alterations gradually attenuated during recovery, small A-PVC elicited more severe acute biological responses, whereas large original PVC produced relatively sustained toxic effects characterized by oxidative stress, inflammation and endocrine disruption. These findings highlight aging-associated alterations in the kinetic behavior of PVC MNPs. Notably, the organ specific clearance patterns of 300-1300<ce:hsp sp=\"0.25\"></ce:hsp>nm aged PVC are consistent with a hypothesized non-biliary intestinal excretion pathway, which warrants further verification.","PeriodicalId":361,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hazardous Materials","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149291085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-10-28DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.144071
Ting Xie, Da Lin, Shuai Du, Di Wu, Dong Zhu
Controlling the spread of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in agroecosystems is central to One Health, yet whether nano-biochar-amended organic fertilizers can mitigate phage-mediated ARG dissemination along the fertilizer–soil–crop continuum remains poorly understood. Here, we analyzed 120 viral metagenomes to examine how biochar-amended organic fertilizers modulate ARG dynamics, phage-associated functions, and phage–host interactions across the fertilizer–soil–lettuce continuum. The lettuce phyllosphere served as a key endpoint for ARG accumulation, exhibiting 4.1–4.9 times the total ARG abundance and 56.8–66.3% higher phage-encoded ARG abundance compared with rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soils. Source-tracking analysis indicated that manure and soil inputs accounted for 50.8–57.0% of phyllosphere ARGs, while 111 manure-associated viral populations were shared with the phyllosphere at the viral cluster level. Notably, nano-biochar-amended vermicompost exerted a cascading mitigation effect, reducing manure- and soil-derived ARG inputs to the phyllosphere by 20.4–21.6% and manure-associated viral sharing by 51.6%. Meanwhile, nano-biochar-amended vermicompost reduced lysogenic phage–host interactions, phage-encoded ARGs, and auxiliary metabolic genes associated with antibiotic-resistant bacteria, which may contribute to reduced phage-associated ARG dissemination potential. Consequently, total ARG abundance in the phyllosphere decreased by 68.9–76.3%, while lettuce biomass increased by 54.1–61.5%. This work suggests that nano-biochar-amended vermicompost may mitigate antibiotic resistance risks and enhance crop productivity partly by attenuating phage-associated ARG dissemination across the fertilizer–soil–crop continuum, highlighting its potential for One Health-oriented resistance-risk control in agricultural production.
{"title":"Cascading effects of nano-biochar mitigate antibiotic resistance via phage–host interactions in the soil–crop ecosystem","authors":"Ting Xie, Da Lin, Shuai Du, Di Wu, Dong Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.144071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.144071","url":null,"abstract":"Controlling the spread of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in agroecosystems is central to One Health, yet whether nano-biochar-amended organic fertilizers can mitigate phage-mediated ARG dissemination along the fertilizer–soil–crop continuum remains poorly understood. Here, we analyzed 120 viral metagenomes to examine how biochar-amended organic fertilizers modulate ARG dynamics, phage-associated functions, and phage–host interactions across the fertilizer–soil–lettuce continuum. The lettuce phyllosphere served as a key endpoint for ARG accumulation, exhibiting 4.1–4.9 times the total ARG abundance and 56.8–66.3% higher phage-encoded ARG abundance compared with rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soils. Source-tracking analysis indicated that manure and soil inputs accounted for 50.8–57.0% of phyllosphere ARGs, while 111 manure-associated viral populations were shared with the phyllosphere at the viral cluster level. Notably, nano-biochar-amended vermicompost exerted a cascading mitigation effect, reducing manure- and soil-derived ARG inputs to the phyllosphere by 20.4–21.6% and manure-associated viral sharing by 51.6%. Meanwhile, nano-biochar-amended vermicompost reduced lysogenic phage–host interactions, phage-encoded ARGs, and auxiliary metabolic genes associated with antibiotic-resistant bacteria, which may contribute to reduced phage-associated ARG dissemination potential. Consequently, total ARG abundance in the phyllosphere decreased by 68.9–76.3%, while lettuce biomass increased by 54.1–61.5%. This work suggests that nano-biochar-amended vermicompost may mitigate antibiotic resistance risks and enhance crop productivity partly by attenuating phage-associated ARG dissemination across the fertilizer–soil–crop continuum, highlighting its potential for One Health-oriented resistance-risk control in agricultural production.","PeriodicalId":361,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hazardous Materials","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149291135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-10-28DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.144027
Yongjiao Sun, Wenchang Zhao, Xiaohong Wu, Zhenting Zhao, Wenda Wang, Wendong Zhang, Koichi Suematsu, Jie Hu
Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) is a ubiquitous ambient pollutant, and chronic exposure to NO2, even at relatively low concentrations, has been associated with sustained adverse effects on multiple organ systems. Bismuth sulfide offers a promising platform for room-temperature gas sensing, yet its practical use is curtailed by poor charge-transfer efficiency and sparse interfacial active sites. In this study, reduced graphene oxide quantum dots (rGO QDs) modified Bi2S3/Bi2O3 composites with abundant p-n heterojunctions were fabricated and used for NO2 detection. The effects of annealing temperature and the amount of rGO on sensor performance were investigated, revealing optimal results for 0.5wt% rGO modified Bi2S3 annealed at 150℃ (rGO0.5-Bi2S/Bi2O3-2). The rGO0.5-Bi2S/Bi2O3-2 sensor exhibited a high response of 36.95 toward 500 ppb NO2 at room temperature (RT). Experimental results demonstrated theoretical and experimental detection limits (LODs) of 0.6 ppb and 50 ppb for NO2 respectively, as well as excellent selectivity, anti-interference ability, good repeatability, and long-term stability. By combining band structure alignments analysis with density functional theory (DFT) calculations, the mechanism underlying the enhanced NO2 detection performance was elucidated, revealing a synergistic effect of the heterojunction interface modulation between components and rGO-promoted charge transfer.
{"title":"Ultrasensitive and selective rGO QDs modified flower-like Bi2S3/Bi2O3 heterostructures for room-temperature trace NO2 detection","authors":"Yongjiao Sun, Wenchang Zhao, Xiaohong Wu, Zhenting Zhao, Wenda Wang, Wendong Zhang, Koichi Suematsu, Jie Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.144027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.144027","url":null,"abstract":"Nitrogen dioxide (NO<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf>) is a ubiquitous ambient pollutant, and chronic exposure to NO<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf>, even at relatively low concentrations, has been associated with sustained adverse effects on multiple organ systems. Bismuth sulfide offers a promising platform for room-temperature gas sensing, yet its practical use is curtailed by poor charge-transfer efficiency and sparse interfacial active sites. In this study, reduced graphene oxide quantum dots (rGO QDs) modified Bi<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf>S<ce:inf loc=\"post\">3</ce:inf>/Bi<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf>O<ce:inf loc=\"post\">3</ce:inf> composites with abundant p-n heterojunctions were fabricated and used for NO<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf> detection. The effects of annealing temperature and the amount of rGO on sensor performance were investigated, revealing optimal results for 0.5<ce:hsp sp=\"0.25\"></ce:hsp>wt% rGO modified Bi<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf>S<ce:inf loc=\"post\">3</ce:inf> annealed at 150℃ (rGO<ce:inf loc=\"post\">0.5</ce:inf>-Bi<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf>S/Bi<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf>O<ce:inf loc=\"post\">3</ce:inf>-2). The rGO<ce:inf loc=\"post\">0.5</ce:inf>-Bi<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf>S/Bi<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf>O<ce:inf loc=\"post\">3</ce:inf>-2 sensor exhibited a high response of 36.95 toward 500 ppb NO<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf> at room temperature (RT). Experimental results demonstrated theoretical and experimental detection limits (LODs) of 0.6 ppb and 50 ppb for NO<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf> respectively, as well as excellent selectivity, anti-interference ability, good repeatability, and long-term stability. By combining band structure alignments analysis with density functional theory (DFT) calculations, the mechanism underlying the enhanced NO<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf> detection performance was elucidated, revealing a synergistic effect of the heterojunction interface modulation between components and rGO-promoted charge transfer.","PeriodicalId":361,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hazardous Materials","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149291042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-10-28DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.144058
Ziyihui Wang, Ziyu Zhang, Ruijie Wu, Kun Liu, Xiaofang Cui, Jianying Jing, Junfeng Jiang, Li Li, Yu-Cheng Chen, Tiegen Liu
Chinese herbal medicines (CHMs) have been applied to the prevention and treatment of numerous diseases. Ensuring the safety and pharmacological efficacy of CHMs demands precise detection of trace heavy metal ions and toxins, especially Hg and aflatoxin B1 (AFB1). However, due to subtle chemical signals, current technologies still make it challenging to monitor these quality parameters in a highly sensitive manner. Herein, we introduced a liquid crystal whispering gallery mode microresonator formed by encapsulating liquid crystal droplets in a hydrogel microcavity for monitoring analyte interactions. By employing an aptamer-target assay within the hydrogel, interfacial liquid crystal molecule reorientations and strong light-matter interactions in an optical microresonator can amplify signals. The tuning of resonance wavelength can be converted to improve monitoring of interaction processes. With narrow resonance linewidth, the limit of detection can reach 3.58 nM (Hg²⁺) and 101 fg/ml (aflatoxin B1). This method has been applied to detect the targets in real herbs (relative errors ranging from −2.931–5.572% compared with gold-standard methods) and demonstrated batch-to-batch heterogeneity in herbal analyte content. Further applications in various Chinese herbs evaluation demonstrated the applicability of this method supporting its potential for herbal safety assessment.
{"title":"Amplifying the invisible: Liquid crystal–hydrogel microcavities decode trace Hg ions and aflatoxin B1","authors":"Ziyihui Wang, Ziyu Zhang, Ruijie Wu, Kun Liu, Xiaofang Cui, Jianying Jing, Junfeng Jiang, Li Li, Yu-Cheng Chen, Tiegen Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.144058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.144058","url":null,"abstract":"Chinese herbal medicines (CHMs) have been applied to the prevention and treatment of numerous diseases. Ensuring the safety and pharmacological efficacy of CHMs demands precise detection of trace heavy metal ions and toxins, especially Hg and aflatoxin B1 (AFB1). However, due to subtle chemical signals, current technologies still make it challenging to monitor these quality parameters in a highly sensitive manner. Herein, we introduced a liquid crystal whispering gallery mode microresonator formed by encapsulating liquid crystal droplets in a hydrogel microcavity for monitoring analyte interactions. By employing an aptamer-target assay within the hydrogel, interfacial liquid crystal molecule reorientations and strong light-matter interactions in an optical microresonator can amplify signals. The tuning of resonance wavelength can be converted to improve monitoring of interaction processes. With narrow resonance linewidth, the limit of detection can reach 3.58 nM (Hg²⁺) and 101 fg/ml (aflatoxin B1). This method has been applied to detect the targets in real herbs (relative errors ranging from −2.931–5.572% compared with gold-standard methods) and demonstrated batch-to-batch heterogeneity in herbal analyte content. Further applications in various Chinese herbs evaluation demonstrated the applicability of this method supporting its potential for herbal safety assessment.","PeriodicalId":361,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hazardous Materials","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149291045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study focuses on conversion of waste polyethylene terephthalate (PET) into ultrafine nanofibres with silver nanodots (AgND) (diameter 3.49 ± 0.94 nm) embedded within via electrospinning. Ultrafine PET (diameter 74 ± 15 nm) or PET-AgND (diameter 68 ± 17.4 nm) nanofibre-based membranes (basis weight 0.5 ± 0.02 g/m2, thickness 20 ± 1.4 μm), sandwiched between two spun-bond nonwoven layers, achieved a remarkable particle filtration efficiency (PFE) of 99.24–99.93% against 10–1000 nm particles, while maintaining pressure drop (ΔP) of 13 Pa at a face velocity of 5 cm/s. Such 3-ply filters demonstrated PFE > 99.5% against 350 nm particles with ΔP between 13–27 Pa over 28 consecutive filtration cycles. The PET–AgND membranes also demonstrated antibacterial efficacy of 99.78 ± 0.18% against Escherichia coli and 99.92 ± 0.02% against Staphylococcus aureus, respectively. Washability assessments showed reduction of PFE from 99.7% to 57.6% with increment in pressure drop from 13 to 79 Pa, from unwashed till 9 washing-drying trials. The 3-ply filters also exhibited significant air permeability (64.4 ± 0.25 cm3/cm2-s), water vapor transmission rate (82.45 ± 2.7 g3/m2-h) coupled with prominent UV protection (79.5%). This study highlights a sustainable route for converting waste PET into high-performance, multifunctional, filter media.
{"title":"Silver nanodot embedded waste PET nanofibres for efficient multifunctional air filter","authors":"Bhavesh Thakur, Tulip Biswas, Ajit Kumar, Harun Venkatesan, Sumit Sinha-Ray","doi":"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.144053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.144053","url":null,"abstract":"This study focuses on conversion of waste polyethylene terephthalate (PET) into ultrafine nanofibres with silver nanodots (AgND) (diameter 3.49 <mml:math altimg=\"si0001.svg\"><mml:mo>±</mml:mo></mml:math> 0.94 nm) embedded within via electrospinning. Ultrafine PET (diameter 74 ± 15 nm) or PET-AgND (diameter 68 ± 17.4 nm) nanofibre-based membranes (basis weight 0.5 ± 0.02 g/m<ce:sup loc=\"post\">2</ce:sup>, thickness 20 ± 1.4 μm), sandwiched between two spun-bond nonwoven layers, achieved a remarkable particle filtration efficiency (PFE) of 99.24–99.93% against 10–1000 nm particles, while maintaining pressure drop (ΔP) of 13 Pa at a face velocity of 5 cm/s. Such 3-ply filters demonstrated PFE > 99.5% against 350 nm particles with ΔP between 13–27 Pa over 28 consecutive filtration cycles. The PET–AgND membranes also demonstrated antibacterial efficacy of 99.78 ± 0.18% against <ce:italic>Escherichia coli</ce:italic> and 99.92 ± 0.02% against <ce:italic>Staphylococcus aureus</ce:italic>, respectively. Washability assessments showed reduction of PFE from 99.7% to 57.6% with increment in pressure drop from 13 to 79 Pa, from unwashed till 9 washing-drying trials. The 3-ply filters also exhibited significant air permeability (64.4 ± 0.25 cm<ce:sup loc=\"post\">3</ce:sup>/cm<ce:sup loc=\"post\">2</ce:sup>-s), water vapor transmission rate (82.45 ± 2.7 g<ce:sup loc=\"post\">3</ce:sup>/m<ce:sup loc=\"post\">2</ce:sup>-h) coupled with prominent UV protection (79.5%). This study highlights a sustainable route for converting waste PET into high-performance, multifunctional, filter media.","PeriodicalId":361,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hazardous Materials","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149291047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nanoplastics can adsorb organic pollutants and facilitate their transport in water environments, thereby increasing potential risks to ecosystems and human health. However, most porous adsorbents have an even structure, making it difficult to combine rapid pollutant capture with stable retention. Herein, a layer cellulose-based sandwich (PCP) sponge with directionally aligned channels was fabricated through directional freezing and chemical cross-linking of cellulose fibers with chitosan and polyvinyl alcohol. The aligned porous channels promote solution transport, while chitosan provides positively charged sites favorable for capturing polystyrene (PS) nanoplastics. The layered architecture integrates macropore-mediated transport, interfacial adsorption, and physical interception within a single material. PCP sponge removed up to 99.88% of 100nm PS nanoplastics within 10min at room temperature. In coexistence experiments, an apparent tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) removal efficiency of more than 80% was also observed. After 10 adsorption–desorption cycles, the removal efficiency of PS still remains above 94.85%, and the pore structure remains intact under acidic, saline, and repeated cycling conditions. This study proposes a sustainable strategy for raw materials, which convert biomass resources into high-performance multifunctional adsorbents, providing a promising solution for the simultaneous removal of nanoplastics and coexisting organic pollutants from complex water environments.
{"title":"Layer Cellulose-Based Sandwich Sponge with Directionally Aligned Channels for Rapid Removal of Polystyrene Nanoplastics and TBBPA","authors":"Mengyi Guo, Ruijing Liu, Yuqi Zhang, Yulin Shen, Ziyang Zhang, Zhe Li, Xiaoxin Wang, Zishuai Jiang, Lihong Yao","doi":"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.144055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.144055","url":null,"abstract":"Nanoplastics can adsorb organic pollutants and facilitate their transport in water environments, thereby increasing potential risks to ecosystems and human health. However, most porous adsorbents have an even structure, making it difficult to combine rapid pollutant capture with stable retention. Herein, a layer cellulose-based sandwich (PCP) sponge with directionally aligned channels was fabricated through directional freezing and chemical cross-linking of cellulose fibers with chitosan and polyvinyl alcohol. The aligned porous channels promote solution transport, while chitosan provides positively charged sites favorable for capturing polystyrene (PS) nanoplastics. The layered architecture integrates macropore-mediated transport, interfacial adsorption, and physical interception within a single material. PCP sponge removed up to 99.88% of 100<ce:hsp sp=\"0.25\"></ce:hsp>nm PS nanoplastics within 10<ce:hsp sp=\"0.25\"></ce:hsp>min at room temperature. In coexistence experiments, an apparent tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) removal efficiency of more than 80% was also observed. After 10 adsorption–desorption cycles, the removal efficiency of PS still remains above 94.85%, and the pore structure remains intact under acidic, saline, and repeated cycling conditions. This study proposes a sustainable strategy for raw materials, which convert biomass resources into high-performance multifunctional adsorbents, providing a promising solution for the simultaneous removal of nanoplastics and coexisting organic pollutants from complex water environments.","PeriodicalId":361,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hazardous Materials","volume":"84 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149290993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Smokers' actual exposure to harmful constituents is critical for assessing tobacco product health risks. This study established a mouth level exposure (MLE) method using nicotine and solanesol as filter markers to evaluate constituent exposure among Chinese users of regular cigarettes (RC), slim cigarettes (SC), and heated tobacco products (HTP). Twenty-eight constituents, including HTP-specific propylene glycol, glycerol, chloropropanols, and glycidol, were selected. In RC and SC, nicotine and solanesol perform differently across constituents, requiring constituent-specific marker selection. Filter nicotine is superior for HTPs, predicting all constituents (R² ≥ 0.86). The equations differ among product types (P < 0.0001) and are not interchangeable. Relative to RC users, SC users show 20%–50% lower daily MLE for most constituents. HTP users exhibite the lowest constituent exposure, with formaldehyde, crotonaldehyde, acrolein, phenol, and HCN daily MLE reduced by over 90% relative to RC. This reduction primarily reflects lower constituent release from HTPs. HTP-specific constituents are first quantified, with daily exposures of propylene glycol 20.9 ± 12.7mg, 3-MCPD 93.9 ± 57.0μg, and glycidol 46.3 ± 28.0μg, warranting attention to potential health risks. The developed MLE equations provide a tool for comparative risk assessment and regulatory evaluation based on actual exposure.
{"title":"Construction and Application of a Mouth Level Exposure Assessment System for Harmful Constituents in Cigarette and Heated Tobacco Products","authors":"Minhui Cui, Ge Zhao, Sheng Wang, Bing Wang, Kejian Liu, Jingjing Yu, Chengjie Ma, Yu Liu, Yaqiong Qin, Junwei Guo, Hongbo Wang, Junlan Cai, Quanping Yan, Fuwei Xie","doi":"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.144059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.144059","url":null,"abstract":"Smokers' actual exposure to harmful constituents is critical for assessing tobacco product health risks. This study established a mouth level exposure (MLE) method using nicotine and solanesol as filter markers to evaluate constituent exposure among Chinese users of regular cigarettes (RC), slim cigarettes (SC), and heated tobacco products (HTP). Twenty-eight constituents, including HTP-specific propylene glycol, glycerol, chloropropanols, and glycidol, were selected. In RC and SC, nicotine and solanesol perform differently across constituents, requiring constituent-specific marker selection. Filter nicotine is superior for HTPs, predicting all constituents (R² ≥ 0.86). The equations differ among product types (P < 0.0001) and are not interchangeable. Relative to RC users, SC users show 20%–50% lower daily MLE for most constituents. HTP users exhibite the lowest constituent exposure, with formaldehyde, crotonaldehyde, acrolein, phenol, and HCN daily MLE reduced by over 90% relative to RC. This reduction primarily reflects lower constituent release from HTPs. HTP-specific constituents are first quantified, with daily exposures of propylene glycol 20.9 ± 12.7<ce:hsp sp=\"0.25\"></ce:hsp>mg, 3-MCPD 93.9 ± 57.0<ce:hsp sp=\"0.25\"></ce:hsp>μg, and glycidol 46.3 ± 28.0<ce:hsp sp=\"0.25\"></ce:hsp>μg, warranting attention to potential health risks. The developed MLE equations provide a tool for comparative risk assessment and regulatory evaluation based on actual exposure.","PeriodicalId":361,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hazardous Materials","volume":"83 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149290994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-10-28DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.144052
Feng Zhang, Fasih Ullah Haider, Peng Mu, Bingxue Zhu, Yuan Gao, Tong Lin, Fulai Liu, Miao Jiang, Muhammad Farooq, Marian Brestic, Franciszek Janowiak, Kadambot H.M. Siddique, Xiangnan Li
Soil heavy metal(loid) pollution poses a critical threat to ecosystem health and sustainability. However, it remains unclear whether agricultural activities have systematically altered their distribution across global wheat-growing regions. Here, we collected paired soil samples from cropland and adjacent non-cropland sites across global wheat-growing regions on six continents to evaluate concentration differences and potential drivers for six heavy metal(loid)s—arsenic (As), nickel (Ni), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), antimony (Sb), and chromium (Cr). We found clear element-specific patterns: Ni was enriched in high-input agricultural regions, whereas Pb and Cr were more concentrated in non-croplands. These differences varied by region. Using extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) and Shapley additive explanations (SHAP), we identified fertilization intensity, moisture conditions, and socioeconomic development as key nonlinear predictors. Projections under the SSP2–4.5 and SSP5–8.5 scenarios suggest that by 2100, these concentration differences may either reverse or intensify, with their spatial evolution accompanied by shifts in potential non-carcinogenic health across cropland soils. Our findings show that agricultural land use is closely associated with spatial patterns of soil heavy metals across global wheat-growing regions and highlight land-use differentials as valuable early indicators of pollution risk, particularly in major wheat-producing regions.
{"title":"Agricultural impacts reshape the distribution and future potential health risks of soil heavy metals across global wheat-growing regions under interactive climate–socioeconomic influences","authors":"Feng Zhang, Fasih Ullah Haider, Peng Mu, Bingxue Zhu, Yuan Gao, Tong Lin, Fulai Liu, Miao Jiang, Muhammad Farooq, Marian Brestic, Franciszek Janowiak, Kadambot H.M. Siddique, Xiangnan Li","doi":"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.144052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.144052","url":null,"abstract":"Soil heavy metal(loid) pollution poses a critical threat to ecosystem health and sustainability. However, it remains unclear whether agricultural activities have systematically altered their distribution across global wheat-growing regions. Here, we collected paired soil samples from cropland and adjacent non-cropland sites across global wheat-growing regions on six continents to evaluate concentration differences and potential drivers for six heavy metal(loid)s—arsenic (As), nickel (Ni), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), antimony (Sb), and chromium (Cr). We found clear element-specific patterns: Ni was enriched in high-input agricultural regions, whereas Pb and Cr were more concentrated in non-croplands. These differences varied by region. Using extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) and Shapley additive explanations (SHAP), we identified fertilization intensity, moisture conditions, and socioeconomic development as key nonlinear predictors. Projections under the SSP2–4.5 and SSP5–8.5 scenarios suggest that by 2100, these concentration differences may either reverse or intensify, with their spatial evolution accompanied by shifts in potential non-carcinogenic health across cropland soils. Our findings show that agricultural land use is closely associated with spatial patterns of soil heavy metals across global wheat-growing regions and highlight land-use differentials as valuable early indicators of pollution risk, particularly in major wheat-producing regions.","PeriodicalId":361,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hazardous Materials","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149290995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-10-28DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.144061
Yinuo Liu, Jian Shen, Jimeng Feng, Xinze Wang
To investigate whether pesticide residues in the area near farmlands of Erhai Lake affect the growth of submerged plants in Erhai Lake, this study combined field investigations with 56-day outdoor simulation experiments to assess the differences in the effects and tolerance mechanisms of atrazine at environmental concentrations in Erhai Lake on four submerged plants: Ottelia acuminata, Potamogeton wrightii, Hydrilla verticillata, and Ceratophyllum demersum. The results showed that: ①Exposuring to atrazine at level of ≤35ng/L caused no visible injury under the tested conditions. Under the stress of 75 and 125ng/L atrazine, the plants Ottelia acuminata and Hydrilla verticillata showed observable growth differences. The metabolic level of Potamogeton wrightii had shown latent damage. The Ceratophyllum demersum had the best growth. ②The Fv/Fm values of the four plants were all inhibited, which are the most sensitive physiological indicators. ③Combining the weighting of photosynthetic factors with the metabolic results, the comprehensive tolerance of the four plants to atrazine was ranked as follows: Ceratophyllum demersum >Potamogeton wrightii >Hydrilla verticillata >Ottelia acuminata.
{"title":"The tolerance differences and response mechanisms of the main submerged plants in Erhai Lake to the environmental concentration of atrazine stress","authors":"Yinuo Liu, Jian Shen, Jimeng Feng, Xinze Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.144061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.144061","url":null,"abstract":"To investigate whether pesticide residues in the area near farmlands of Erhai Lake affect the growth of submerged plants in Erhai Lake, this study combined field investigations with 56-day outdoor simulation experiments to assess the differences in the effects and tolerance mechanisms of atrazine at environmental concentrations in Erhai Lake on four submerged plants: <ce:italic>Ottelia acuminata</ce:italic>, <ce:italic>Potamogeton wrightii</ce:italic>, <ce:italic>Hydrilla verticillata</ce:italic>, and <ce:italic>Ceratophyllum demersum</ce:italic>. The results showed that: ①Exposuring to atrazine at level of ≤35<ce:hsp sp=\"0.25\"></ce:hsp>ng/L caused no visible injury under the tested conditions. Under the stress of 75 and 125<ce:hsp sp=\"0.25\"></ce:hsp>ng/L atrazine, the plants <ce:italic>Ottelia acuminata</ce:italic> and <ce:italic>Hydrilla verticillata</ce:italic> showed observable growth differences. The metabolic level of <ce:italic>Potamogeton wrightii</ce:italic> had shown latent damage. The <ce:italic>Ceratophyllum demersum</ce:italic> had the best growth. ②The Fv/Fm values of the four plants were all inhibited, which are the most sensitive physiological indicators. ③Combining the weighting of photosynthetic factors with the metabolic results, the comprehensive tolerance of the four plants to atrazine was ranked as follows: <ce:italic>Ceratophyllum demersum</ce:italic> ><ce:italic>Potamogeton wrightii</ce:italic> ><ce:italic>Hydrilla verticillata</ce:italic> ><ce:italic>Ottelia acuminata</ce:italic>.","PeriodicalId":361,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hazardous Materials","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149291041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-10-28DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.144048
Amirah Alias, Chiho Suzuki-Minakuchi, Mok Kar Mun, Nurul Syahirah Shamsol Anuar, Felipe Vejarano, Nurul Syazwani Ahmad Sabri, Nurtasbiyah Yusof, Kazunori Okada, Hirofumi Hara, Hideaki Nojiri
Endosulfan was banned worldwide under the Stockholm Convention in 2011, generating large amounts of waste to be disposed of and sporadic reports on its illegal usage. Microorganism-assisted treatment can be a cost-effective and environmentally friendly strategy to remove this chemical. Screening of bacteria from tropical agricultural sources heavily treated with endosulfan enabled us to isolate two Streptomyces spp. with ability to degrade α- and β-endosulfan isomers via hydrolytic pathway within 20 days of incubation in both sulfur-free medium (SFM) and carbon-free medium (CFM), producing endosulfan diol as metabolite. During the 20-day incubation in SFM, strain S12 degraded 99% (α) and 93% (β) of the isomers, while 68% (α) and 80% (β) were degraded in CFM. A similar tendency was observed for strain S9, with 96% (α) and 92% (β) degradation in SFM, compared to 40% (α) and 70% (β) degradation in CFM. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis identified endosulfan diol as a single metabolite in both strains. Based on genome and RNA-Seq analyses, homologous genes of known endosulfan degradative genes, esd and ese, were found in both genomes; however, their expression levels were negligible or not induced in SFM supplemented with endosulfan, suggesting that these genes are not involved in endosulfan degradation. In contrast, other genes that were highly expressed and showed different expressions in SFM- and CFM-containing endosulfan were discovered, implying that novel genes may be involved in endosulfan metabolism. This report provides evidence of newly isolated Streptomyces species and their potential to transform endosulfan into endosulfan diol.
{"title":"Evaluation and Genomic Characterization of Endosulfan-degrading Streptomyces spp. Isolated from a Tropical Environment","authors":"Amirah Alias, Chiho Suzuki-Minakuchi, Mok Kar Mun, Nurul Syahirah Shamsol Anuar, Felipe Vejarano, Nurul Syazwani Ahmad Sabri, Nurtasbiyah Yusof, Kazunori Okada, Hirofumi Hara, Hideaki Nojiri","doi":"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.144048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.144048","url":null,"abstract":"Endosulfan was banned worldwide under the Stockholm Convention in 2011, generating large amounts of waste to be disposed of and sporadic reports on its illegal usage. Microorganism-assisted treatment can be a cost-effective and environmentally friendly strategy to remove this chemical. Screening of bacteria from tropical agricultural sources heavily treated with endosulfan enabled us to isolate two <ce:italic>Streptomyces</ce:italic> spp. with ability to degrade α- and β-endosulfan isomers via hydrolytic pathway within 20 days of incubation in both sulfur-free medium (SFM) and carbon-free medium (CFM), producing endosulfan diol as metabolite. During the 20-day incubation in SFM, strain S12 degraded 99% (α) and 93% (β) of the isomers, while 68% (α) and 80% (β) were degraded in CFM. A similar tendency was observed for strain S9, with 96% (α) and 92% (β) degradation in SFM, compared to 40% (α) and 70% (β) degradation in CFM. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis identified endosulfan diol as a single metabolite in both strains. Based on genome and RNA-Seq analyses, homologous genes of known endosulfan degradative genes, <ce:italic>esd</ce:italic> and <ce:italic>ese</ce:italic>, were found in both genomes; however, their expression levels were negligible or not induced in SFM supplemented with endosulfan, suggesting that these genes are not involved in endosulfan degradation. In contrast, other genes that were highly expressed and showed different expressions in SFM- and CFM-containing endosulfan were discovered, implying that novel genes may be involved in endosulfan metabolism. This report provides evidence of newly isolated <ce:italic>Streptomyces</ce:italic> species and their potential to transform endosulfan into endosulfan diol.","PeriodicalId":361,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hazardous Materials","volume":"84 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149291083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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