Obesity Medicine最新文献_第10页

A novel therapeutic approach for hormonal imbalance in polycystic ovarian syndrome; evaluating the effects of Nutrition Bio-Shield Supplement in an animal model 治疗多囊卵巢综合征激素失调的新方法在动物模型上评价营养生物盾补充剂的效果

Q2 Medicine

Obesity Medicine

Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.obmed.2025.100590

Mehrdad Mosadegh , Yasaman Sadeghi , Aref Khalkhali , Yousef Erfani

Background

s: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder that disrupts hormone balance, leading to infertility and metabolic issues. This study evaluates the effects of a novel nutritional supplement, Nutrition Bio-Shield (NBS), on hormonal regulation in a letrozole-induced PCOS rat model.

Methods

Twenty-five female Wistar rats were assigned to five groups: healthy control, PCOS control, and three groups treated with varying doses of NBS (12.5 mg/kg, 25 mg/kg, and 50 mg/kg). PCOS was induced using letrozole, and NBS was administered for 21 days. Serum levels of luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), testosterone, progesterone, and estradiol were measured using radioimmunoassay.

Results

NBS treatment significantly improved hormone levels compared to the PCOS control group. The highest dose (50 mg/kg) effectively reduced LH and testosterone while increasing progesterone and estradiol levels (p < 0.05), nearing those of the healthy controls. The 25 mg/kg dose also showed considerable improvement in hormone balance, whereas the 12.5 mg/kg dose had a moderate effect. FSH levels were notably reduced in both 50 mg/kg and 25 mg/kg groups, suggesting a dose-dependent response to NBS treatment.

Conclusion

NBS supplementation successfully ameliorated hormonal imbalances in a PCOS rat model, demonstrating its potential as a natural therapeutic option for managing PCOS. Further research is needed to confirm these effects in clinical settings.

背景：多囊卵巢综合征（PCOS）是一种常见的内分泌疾病，它会破坏激素平衡，导致不孕和代谢问题。本研究评估了一种新型营养补充剂Nutrition Bio-Shield （NBS）对来曲唑诱导的PCOS大鼠模型激素调节的影响。方法将雌性Wistar大鼠25只分为健康对照组、PCOS对照组和不同剂量NBS （12.5 mg/kg、25 mg/kg、50 mg/kg）治疗组。来曲唑诱导PCOS， NBS治疗21 d。用放射免疫法测定血清黄体生成素（LH）、卵泡刺激素（FSH）、睾酮、孕酮和雌二醇水平。结果与PCOS对照组相比，snbs治疗显著提高了激素水平。最高剂量（50 mg/kg）有效降低黄体生成素和睾酮，同时提高孕酮和雌二醇水平(p <；0.05)，接近健康对照组。25 mg/kg剂量也显示出相当大的激素平衡改善，而12.5 mg/kg剂量则有中等效果。在50 mg/kg和25 mg/kg组中，FSH水平均显著降低，表明对NBS治疗有剂量依赖性反应。结论补充nbs成功地改善了PCOS大鼠模型的激素失衡，显示了其作为治疗PCOS的天然治疗选择的潜力。需要进一步的研究来证实这些在临床环境中的影响。

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引用次数: 0

Association and inequality between socioeconomic status and the prevalence of overweight and obesity among adults aged 18 and older in Bangladesh 社会经济地位与孟加拉国18岁及以上成年人超重和肥胖流行率之间的关联和不平等

Q2 Medicine

Obesity Medicine

Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.obmed.2025.100595

Sukanta Das

Background

Overweight and obesity have emerged as significant public health concerns in Bangladesh. This study aims to assess the association between socioeconomic status (SES) and the prevalence of overweight and obesity while identifying socioeconomic inequalities among adults aged 18 and older in Bangladesh.

Methods

Using data from the Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey (BDHS) 2017–18, this study analyzed a sample of 24,478 adults. Overweight and obesity were classified according to the World Health Organization's Body Mass Index (BMI) guidelines. SES was measured by wealth index, and its association with overweight and obesity was examined using multivariate logistic regression analysis. Socioeconomic inequality was evaluated using concentration curves and indexes.

Results

The overall prevalence of overweight and obesity was 31.8% and 13.4%, respectively. Even after controlling for age, gender, education, and place of residence, higher socioeconomic status was significantly associated with an increased risk of being overweight or obese. Adults in the richest wealth category were 3.2 times more likely to be overweight and 9.8 times more likely to be obese compared to those in the poorest category (p < 0.01). The concentration index of 0.35 (CI: 0.33 to 0.37;

p

< 0.01) indicated that overweight and obesity were more prevalent among wealthier adults, highlighting a pro-rich inequality.

Conclusion

There is a significant socioeconomic disparity in the prevalence of overweight and obesity in Bangladesh, with wealthier adults disproportionately affected. Targeted public health initiatives are needed to curb this growing epidemic, particularly among wealthier groups, to reduce obesity-related non-communicable diseases.

背景超重和肥胖已成为孟加拉国重大的公共卫生问题。本研究旨在评估社会经济地位（SES）与超重和肥胖患病率之间的关系，同时确定孟加拉国18岁及以上成年人的社会经济不平等。方法利用2017-18年孟加拉国人口与健康调查（BDHS）的数据，本研究分析了24,478名成年人的样本。超重和肥胖是根据世界卫生组织的身体质量指数（BMI）指南进行分类的。以财富指数衡量社会经济地位，并采用多变量logistic回归分析检验其与超重和肥胖的关系。采用浓度曲线和指数评价社会经济不平等。结果超重和肥胖的总体患病率分别为31.8%和13.4%。即使在控制了年龄、性别、教育程度和居住地之后，较高的社会经济地位与超重或肥胖的风险增加显著相关。最富有人群超重的可能性是最贫穷人群的3.2倍，肥胖的可能性是最贫穷人群的9.8倍(p <；0.01)。浓度指数为0.35 (CI: 0.33 ~ 0.37；p & lt;0.01)表明，超重和肥胖在富裕的成年人中更为普遍，凸显了亲富的不平等。结论：在孟加拉国，超重和肥胖的患病率存在显著的社会经济差异，富裕的成年人受到的影响尤为严重。需要采取有针对性的公共卫生举措，遏制这一日益严重的流行病，特别是在较富裕群体中，以减少与肥胖有关的非传染性疾病。

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引用次数: 0

Correlation between estimated glucose disposal rate, carotid intima-media thickness and cardiovascular risk prediction scales in adolescents and young adults with type 1 diabetes 青少年和青年1型糖尿病患者估计葡萄糖处置率、颈动脉内膜-中膜厚度和心血管风险预测量表的相关性

Q2 Medicine

Obesity Medicine

Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.obmed.2025.100592

David Sánchez-García, Eloísa Saavedra-Castillo, Mariela Rivas-Hernández, Luis Diego Maximiliano Ramos-Anthony, Graciela Gómez-Martínez, Marcelo Diaz-Sallas, Dania Lizet Quintanilla-Flores

Aims

To analyze the correlation between estimated glucose disposal rate (eGDR), Carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) and cardiovascular risk prediction scales in young adults with diabetes type 1 (T1D).

Methods

A cross-sectional, analytical, and retrospective study was conducted. Patients with T1D > 15 years were included, insulin resistance (IR) was defined by eGDR <8 mg/kg/min, and preclinical atherosclerosis as ≥0.54 mm of CIMT, STENO and ESC cardiovascular risk was calculated. Pearson's correlation test was used to measure the strength of association between them.

Results

102 patients with a median age of 19 years, HbA1c of 8.2%, diabetes duration of 8 years were included. IR was found in 50.9% of the patients and preclinical atherosclerosis in 46.1%, with a median CIMT of 0.52 mm. An inverse correlation was obtained between the eGDR and CIMT r = −0.23, p = 0.021, and STENO r = 0.33, p=<0.001, CIMT was higher in the IR group 0.54 vs 0.50 mm, p = 0.047, also was associated with more microvascular complications 36.5% vs 18%, p = 0.03, and proinflammatory markers, p=<0.001.

Conclusions

Carotid intima-media thickening is inversely associated with insulin sensitivity, the eGDR value could be used as a cardiovascular and as a enhance risk factor and could help to decide treatment in patients whit T1D.

目的分析1型糖尿病（T1D）青年患者估计葡萄糖处置率（eGDR）、颈动脉内膜-中膜厚度（CIMT）与心血管风险预测量表的相关性。方法采用横断面、分析和回顾性研究。T1D >患者；纳入15年，胰岛素抵抗（IR）定义为eGDR <；8 mg/kg/min，临床前动脉粥样硬化≥0.54 mm的CIMT，计算STENO和ESC心血管风险。使用Pearson相关检验来衡量两者之间的关联强度。结果纳入102例患者，中位年龄19岁，HbA1c为8.2%，糖尿病病程8年。50.9%的患者发现IR， 46.1%的患者发现临床前动脉粥样硬化，中位CIMT为0.52 mm。eGDR与CIMT r = - 0.23, p= 0.021, STENO r = 0.33, p=<；0.001呈负相关，IR组CIMT较高（0.54 vs 0.50 mm, p= 0.047），微血管并发症发生率较高（36.5% vs 18%, p= 0.03），促炎标志物发生率较高（p=<0.001）。结论颈动脉内膜-中膜增厚与胰岛素敏感性呈负相关，eGDR值可作为T1D患者的心血管和增强危险因素，有助于决定治疗方案。

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引用次数: 0

Effect of 52-week liraglutide treatment on diabetes risk and glycaemic control in women with obesity and prior gestational diabetes. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study 利拉鲁肽治疗52周对肥胖合并妊娠糖尿病妇女糖尿病风险及血糖控制的影响。一项随机、双盲、安慰剂对照的研究

Q2 Medicine

Obesity Medicine

Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.obmed.2025.100596

Roosa Perämäki , Meri-Maija Ollila , Janne Hukkanen , Marja Vääräsmäki , Jukka Uotila , Saara Metso , Heidi Hakkarainen , Reeta Rintamäki , Eliisa Löyttyniemi , Heidi Immonen , Risto Kaaja

Aims

We investigated the effect of 52-week liraglutide treatment on the incidence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) compared with placebo treatment in women with obesity and previous gestational diabetes (pGDM) requiring medical treatment. As secondary outcomes, the prevalence of prediabetes and glycaemic control were investigated.

Methods

Women were randomized to once daily subcutaneous liraglutide 1.8 mg or placebo for 52 weeks. Oral glucose tolerance test, C-peptide, insulin, HbA1c and lipids were determined at baseline, 26 weeks, and 52 weeks.

Results

In total, 75 women [mean age of 34.5 years, median BMI of 38.0 kg/m²] were assigned to liraglutide (n = 37) or placebo (n = 38). At 52 weeks, T2D was diagnosed in 3% (n = 1) of the liraglutide group and 8% (n = 2) of the placebo group (p = 0.58), and prediabetes in 27% (n = 9) and 58% (n = 15), respectively (p = 0.032). In intention-to-treat analysis, 52-week liraglutide treatment reduced fasting glucose [group × time interaction p = 0.0047; estimated treatment difference (ETD) at 52 weeks −0.5 mmol/L, p = 0.0020], HbA1c [p = 0.020; ETD -0.2% (−2.1 mmol/mol), p = 0.056], weight (p = 0.0087; ETD -6.2 kg, p = 0.20) and waist circumference (p = 0.022; ETD -3.9 cm, p = 0.25), and improved Matsuda index (p = 0.049; ETD 0.7, p = 0.011) compared with placebo.

Conclusions

Liraglutide reduces the prevalence of prediabetes and improves glycaemic control in women with obesity and pGDM. Due to few T2D cases, the effect of liraglutide on diabetes risk could not be reliably assessed.

目的：研究利拉鲁肽治疗52周后，与安慰剂治疗相比，对需要药物治疗的肥胖和既往妊娠期糖尿病（pGDM）妇女2型糖尿病（T2D）发病率的影响。作为次要结局，研究了前驱糖尿病的患病率和血糖控制。方法随机选择每日1次皮下注射利拉鲁肽1.8 mg组或安慰剂组，连续52周。分别在基线、26周和52周检测口服糖耐量、c肽、胰岛素、糖化血红蛋白和血脂。结果共有75名女性[平均年龄34.5岁，中位BMI为38.0 kg/m2]被分配到利拉鲁肽组（n = 37）或安慰剂组（n = 38）。52周时，利拉鲁肽组中有3% （n = 1）和8% （n = 2）的患者被诊断为T2D (p = 0.58)，而前驱糖尿病患者分别为27% （n = 9）和58% (n = 15) （p = 0.032）。意向治疗分析中，52周利拉鲁肽治疗可降低空腹血糖[组×时间相互作用p = 0.0047；估计治疗差异（ETD）在52周- 0.5 mmol/L, p = 0.0020), HbA1c [p = 0.020；要领(−2.1更易与摩尔)-0.2%,p = 0.056),体重(p = 0.0087;ETD -6.2 kg, p = 0.20)和腰围(p = 0.022；ETD -3.9 cm, p = 0.25)，改善了Matsuda指数(p = 0.049；ETD为0.7,p = 0.011)。结论利拉鲁肽可降低糖尿病前期患者的患病率，改善肥胖和重度糖尿病女性的血糖控制。由于T2D病例较少，利拉鲁肽对糖尿病风险的影响不能可靠地评估。

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引用次数: 0

Pharmacological therapy for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A comprehensive overview 妊娠期糖尿病的药物治疗：一个全面的概述

Q2 Medicine

Obesity Medicine

Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.obmed.2025.100587

Tanu Gautam , Amreen Shamsad , Renu Singh , S. Shabihe Raza Baqri , Monisha Banerjee

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a prevalent metabolic condition affecting pregnant women, impairing glucose tolerance, and causing short- and long-term effects on mother, fetus, and neonate. The goal of management therapy during pregnancy is to obtain optimal glycemic control by preventing hyperglycemia and maintaining safety. The increasing prevalence of GDM worldwide is a rising concern, underscoring the need for dietary adjustments and improved detection, diagnostic and treatment strategies to overcome adverse consequences. International guidelines recommend pharmaceutical interventions for GDM when lifestyle adjustments do not attain glycemic control. Insulin is first-line treatment, but oral anti-hyperglycemic medications serve as often-used alternatives. Metformin and glyburide effectively regulate increased blood glucose in pregnancy. Metformin is preferred due to its ease of administration, reduced risk of hypoglycemia, and potential for improved long-term outcomes. Whereas glyburide is administered cautiously due to potential feto-maternal risk. In this review, the pharmaceutical alternatives for GDM have been discussed in detail, along with pharmacology and pharmacokinetics. The effects of metabolic and glycemic control on feto-maternal morbidity have also been elaborated, along with efficacy as well as side effects and long-term outcomes. However, their long-term safety profiles and fetal exposure remain unclear. By focusing on this research gap, we can explore effective management therapy by evaluating feto-maternal long-term outcomes through follow-up studies, comparing efficacy of pharmacological interventions, pharmacogenomics, digital health technologies, emerging pharmaceutical alternatives (GLP-1-Ra & SGLT-2 inhibitors), and personalized medicine. By incorporating these advancements into clinical practice by healthcare professionals, the risk of adverse effects may decrease to improve health and well-being.

妊娠期糖尿病（GDM）是一种影响孕妇的普遍代谢疾病，损害糖耐量，并对母亲、胎儿和新生儿造成短期和长期影响。妊娠期管理治疗的目标是通过预防高血糖和维持安全来获得最佳的血糖控制。全球范围内GDM患病率的上升日益引起关注，强调需要调整饮食并改进检测、诊断和治疗策略，以克服不良后果。当生活方式调整不能达到血糖控制时，国际指南建议对GDM进行药物干预。胰岛素是一线治疗，但口服抗高血糖药物是常用的替代方案。二甲双胍和格列本脲可有效调节妊娠期血糖升高。二甲双胍是首选，因为它易于给药，降低低血糖的风险，并有改善长期预后的潜力。然而格列本脲的使用要谨慎，因为有潜在的胎母风险。在这篇综述中，详细讨论了GDM的药物替代品，以及药理学和药代动力学。代谢和血糖控制对母婴发病率的影响，以及疗效、副作用和长期结果也得到了详细阐述。然而，它们的长期安全性和胎儿暴露情况仍不清楚。通过关注这一研究空白，我们可以通过随访研究，比较药物干预、药物基因组学、数字健康技术、新兴药物替代品(GLP-1-Ra &；SGLT-2抑制剂)和个性化医疗。通过将这些进步纳入医疗保健专业人员的临床实践，不良反应的风险可能会降低，从而改善健康和福祉。

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引用次数: 0

Murraya koenigii Linn. Modulate diabetic neuropathy via attenuation of mechanical hyperalgesia and allodynia in STZ-induced diabetic rats Murraya koenigii Linn。通过抑制stz诱导的糖尿病大鼠机械性痛觉过敏和异位性疼痛来调节糖尿病神经病变

Q2 Medicine

Obesity Medicine

Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.obmed.2025.100593

Randhir Singh , Shah Asma Farooq , Ashi Mannan , Nikhil Garg , Sushma Devi , Kamal Dua , Thakur Gurjeet Singh

Introduction

The present research aims to examine the efficacy of Murraya koenigii (L.) extracts in the management of diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN).

Methods

A dose of 65 mg/kg of streptozotocin (STZ) was administered intraperitoneally (i.p.) in fresh citrate buffer with a pH of 4.5 to induce diabetes 15 min after nicotinamide (230 mg/kg, ip) was administered and on 60th day development of DPN was evaluated by measuring behavioural parameters like tactile allodynia and hyperalgesia. In-vitro and in-vivo techniques were employed for estimation of oxidative stress.

Results

Oral administration of extracts at various doses as well as standard drug was continued up to 90th day after 60th day of STZ-NAD administration. In diabetic animals, antioxidants like as SOD and GSH levels was reduced while the level of TBARS, nitrites, TNF-α, and AGE production were significantly increased. These extracts were discovered to positively impact fasting blood sugar levels, food intake, and body weight loss management. Furthermore, research demonstrated that the extracts had positive impact on pain perception as measured by thermal and mechanical hyperalgesia in experimental rats. Studies of these extracts, both in-vivo and in-vitro, indicated their potential to reduce oxidative stress as well as hyperglycemia, which are crucial in the progression of diabetes complications.

Conclusion

It can be concluded that Murraya koenigii (L.) leaf extracts, ameliorates diabetes and diabetic peripheral neuropathy by regulating hyperglycemia and oxidative stress.

摘要本研究旨在探讨鼠叶提取物对糖尿病周围神经病变（DPN）的治疗作用。方法将链脲佐菌素（STZ） 65 mg/kg滴入pH为4.5的新鲜柠檬酸缓冲液中，在烟酰胺（230 mg/kg, ip）给药15 min后诱导糖尿病，并于第60天通过测量触觉异常性痛和痛觉过敏等行为参数评价DPN的发生。采用体外和体内技术评估氧化应激。结果STZ-NAD给药60 d后，各剂量提取物及标准药均持续给药至第90天。在糖尿病动物中，抗氧化剂如SOD和GSH水平降低，而TBARS、亚硝酸盐、TNF-α水平和AGE产量显著增加。这些提取物被发现对空腹血糖水平、食物摄入和体重减轻有积极影响。此外，研究表明，提取物对实验大鼠的热痛觉和机械痛觉过敏有积极的影响。对这些提取物的体内和体外研究表明，它们具有降低氧化应激和高血糖的潜力，这对糖尿病并发症的进展至关重要。结论龙涎香叶提取物可能通过调节高血糖和氧化应激来改善糖尿病及糖尿病周围神经病变。

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引用次数: 0

Survey on the herbal combinations in traditional Vietnamese medicine formulas for obesity treatment based on literature 基于文献的越南传统治疗肥胖方剂中草药组合调查

Q2 Medicine

Obesity Medicine

Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.obmed.2025.100598

Duong Thi Huong Nguyen, Huy Khanh Tang, An Thi Hoai Nguyen, Luu Bao Le

Objectives

Today, obesity is a significant public health concern. Traditional medicine, known for its minimal side effects and positive outcomes, is increasingly being utilized as an alternative intervention in clinical practice. This study seeks to examine Vietnamese literature to identify herbs that can aid in reducing obesity and to interpret the association rules among these herbs.

Methods

Four hundred thirty-six formulas were collected from 43 documents suited to inclusion criteria. Using Microsoft Excel 2016, we continuously interpreted the characteristics of 320 herbs extracted from 436 anti-obesity formulas. The Apriori algorithm, operated by R Studio version 4.3.3, investigated the association rules among core materials.

Results

Shan Zha (Fructus crataegi) is the most popular herb mentioned in 436 compounded medications. The predominant property and flavor were warm (33,02%) and sweet (52,7%), respectively. Eventually, we also found 18 association rules and screened out 7 potential anti-obesity herbs. Each rule consists of two or three components. Especially, the greatest prevalent associated law is a triple combination among Fu Ling (Poria cocos), Ban Xia (Rhizoma pinelliae), and Chen Pi (Pericarpium citri reticulatae).

Conclusions

This study documents traditional Vietnamese medicinal knowledge on herbs with anti-obesity properties. According to the traditional function, all of herbs can be divided into these classifications: Tonify Spleen-Qi, Move Qi and invigorate Blood, Resolve retention of food, Resolve Dampness and Promoting diuresis. Besides, the pharmacological functions of them are suppressing appetite, inhibition of fat absorption and elevation of fat metabolism rate.

今天，肥胖是一个重要的公共健康问题。传统医学以其最小的副作用和积极的结果而闻名，越来越多地被用作临床实践中的替代干预措施。本研究旨在研究越南文献，以确定可以帮助减少肥胖的草药，并解释这些草药之间的关联规则。方法从43篇符合纳入标准的文献中抽取436个方剂。我们使用Microsoft Excel 2016对436种抗肥胖配方中提取的320种草药的特性进行了连续解析。使用R Studio 4.3.3版本运行的Apriori算法，研究核心材料之间的关联规则。结果山楂在436种复方药物中被提及最多。其主要特性和风味分别为温（33.02%）和甜（52.7%）。最终，我们还发现了18条关联规则，筛选出了7种潜在的抗肥胖草药。每个规则由两个或三个部分组成。尤以茯苓（茯苓）、半夏（半夏）、陈皮（柑桔皮）的三联系最为普遍。结论本研究记录了越南传统医药知识中具有抗肥胖作用的草药。根据传统的功能，所有的草药都可以分为以下几类：健脾、气血、解食、化湿、利尿。此外，其药理作用还包括抑制食欲、抑制脂肪吸收、提高脂肪代谢率等。

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引用次数: 0

GLP-1 agonists in Type 1 diabetes – Indications and use GLP-1激动剂在1型糖尿病中的应用

Q2 Medicine

Obesity Medicine

Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.obmed.2025.100591

Panadeekarn Panjawatanan, Richard J. Comi

Objective

Insulin therapy in Type 1 diabetes is associated with weight gain. Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) agonists, which lower blood glucose and promote weight loss, may help reverse this trend and reduce hemoglobin A1C (A1C) levels.

Methods

Patients with Type 1 diabetes with concomitant GLP-1 agonists used for at least one year were included. Observed outcomes were the change in A1C, weight, and basal insulin use compared at baseline and 12 months using mixed models repeated measures.

Results

Forty-nine patients with weight gain were included. Prior to treatment, patients gained an average of 2.0 kg annually over three years. After 12 months of GLP-1 agonist therapy, weight significantly decreased from 97.6 kg (95% CI: 92.7–102.5) to 90.0 kg (95% CI: 84.9–95.1) (p < 0.001). A1C levels also improved significantly, from 8.2% (95% CI: 7.9–8.6) to 7.6% (95% CI: 7.2–7.9) (p < 0.001). Basal insulin requirements were significantly reduced.

Conclusion

We conclude that GLP-1 agonists effectively reverse the trend of weight gain and improve A1C levels in patients with Type 1 diabetes.

目的：1型糖尿病胰岛素治疗与体重增加相关。胰高血糖素样肽1 （GLP-1）激动剂可以降低血糖，促进体重减轻，可能有助于扭转这一趋势，降低血红蛋白A1C （A1C）水平。方法纳入合并GLP-1激动剂治疗至少一年的1型糖尿病患者。观察结果是使用混合模型重复测量比较基线和12个月时A1C、体重和基础胰岛素使用的变化。结果纳入49例体重增加患者。在治疗前，患者在三年内平均每年增加2.0公斤。经过12个月的GLP-1激动剂治疗，体重从97.6 kg （95% CI: 92.7-102.5）显著下降到90.0 kg (95% CI: 84.9-95.1) (p <；0.001)。A1C水平也显著改善，从8.2% （95% CI: 7.9-8.6）降至7.6% (95% CI: 7.2-7.9) (p <；0.001)。基础胰岛素需要量显著降低。结论GLP-1激动剂可有效逆转1型糖尿病患者体重增加趋势，改善A1C水平。

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引用次数: 0

The application of biohacking in obesity medicine: New perspectives on obesity's socioeconomic effects and disease mechanisms 生物黑客技术在肥胖症医学中的应用：肥胖症的社会经济影响和疾病机制新视角

Q2 Medicine

Obesity Medicine

Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.obmed.2025.100586

Ammar Abdulrahman Jairoun

Obesity is a complex health issue that affects every nation worldwide. It is associated with various economic and societal difficulties, substantial comorbidities, and complex disease mechanisms. Conventional approaches to treating obesity often do not result in tailored, sustainable health outcomes. However, new approaches to its treatment may be found in biohacking, an approach defined by the combined use of technology, advances in science, and self-experimentation. This Editorial explores biohacking's potential role in managing obesity, particularly in addressing its behavioral factors, socioeconomic effects, and disease mechanisms. Biohacking aims to manipulate core biological processes such as gene expression, systemic inflammation, and cellular health to reduce the risks associated with obesity and enhance metabolic health. These techniques include nutrigenomics, microbiome manipulation, and intermittent fasting with wearable technologies and ongoing glucose monitors, allowing people to access their health data in real time and personalize their approach to managing their weight. With the support of habit-establishing strategies and mindfulness tools, behavioral interventions underpinned by biohacking principles can deliver long-term changes to people's lifestyles. Biohacking offers potential benefits not only for the individual but also for society, where it may lessen healthcare inequalities by providing low-cost, accessible tools. Nonetheless, ethical concerns about self-experimentation and biohacking's equitability and safety remain. However, integrating biohacking into conventional medicine could transform obesity management and tackle its many associated factors by delivering tailored, preventative treatment options.

肥胖是一个影响全世界每个国家的复杂健康问题。它与各种经济和社会困难、大量合并症和复杂的疾病机制有关。治疗肥胖的传统方法往往不能带来量身定制的、可持续的健康结果。然而，在生物黑客中可能会发现新的治疗方法，这是一种结合使用技术、科学进步和自我实验的方法。这篇社论探讨了生物黑客在控制肥胖方面的潜在作用，特别是在解决其行为因素、社会经济影响和疾病机制方面。生物黑客旨在操纵核心生物过程，如基因表达、全身炎症和细胞健康，以减少与肥胖相关的风险，增强代谢健康。这些技术包括营养基因组学、微生物组操纵和间歇性禁食，使用可穿戴技术和持续血糖监测仪，使人们能够实时访问他们的健康数据，并个性化他们的体重管理方法。在习惯养成策略和正念工具的支持下，以生物黑客原理为基础的行为干预可以为人们的生活方式带来长期的改变。生物黑客不仅为个人，也为社会提供了潜在的好处，它可以通过提供低成本、可获得的工具来减少医疗不平等。尽管如此，关于自我实验和生物黑客的公平性和安全性的伦理担忧仍然存在。然而，将生物黑客技术整合到传统医学中可能会改变肥胖管理，并通过提供量身定制的预防性治疗方案来解决其许多相关因素。

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引用次数: 0

Obesity-driven hunger: From pathophysiology to intervention 肥胖驱动的饥饿：从病理生理学到干预

Q2 Medicine

Obesity Medicine

Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.obmed.2025.100588

Ahmad Khusairi Azemi , Yahkub Babatunde Mutalub , Monsurat Abdulwahab , Aida Hanum Ghulam Rasool , Sagir Mustapha , Siti Qusyasyiah Ahmad Suhaimi , Siti Safiah Mokhtar

Obesity is a complex metabolic disorder driven by an imbalance between energy intake and expenditure. A critical pathogenetic component of obesity is dysregulated hunger and satiety mechanisms, driven by both central and peripheral factors. This review explores the pathophysiology of obesity-induced hunger, focusing on key mechanisms involving neurohormonal signals, gut-brain communication, and the dysregulation of appetite-related pathways. It discusses the roles of hormones such as ghrelin, leptin, and insulin, as well as the influence of inflammatory processes on hunger regulation. Additionally, environmental and psychological factors contributing to food cravings and reward-driven eating are considered. The article also examines current and emerging therapeutic interventions targeting hunger and appetite control, including pharmacologic treatments, such as glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists, lifestyle modifications, and bariatric surgery. Novel strategies under investigation, including appetite-regulating peptides, are highlighted. Bridging the understanding of the intricate mechanisms driving obesity-related hunger with therapeutic advances provides a comprehensive framework for more effective treatment strategies to combat obesity and its associated comorbidities which will ultimately improve patient outcomes.

肥胖是一种复杂的代谢紊乱，由能量摄入和消耗之间的不平衡引起。肥胖的一个关键致病因素是由中枢和外周因素驱动的饥饿和饱腹机制失调。本文综述了肥胖诱导饥饿的病理生理学，重点探讨了涉及神经激素信号、肠-脑通讯和食欲相关通路失调的关键机制。它讨论了激素如胃饥饿素、瘦素和胰岛素的作用，以及炎症过程对饥饿调节的影响。此外，环境和心理因素有助于食物的渴望和奖励驱动饮食被考虑。本文还研究了当前和新兴的针对饥饿和食欲控制的治疗干预措施，包括药物治疗，如胰高血糖素样肽-1 （GLP-1）受体激动剂、生活方式改变和减肥手术。正在研究的新策略，包括食欲调节肽，被强调。将对肥胖相关饥饿的复杂机制的理解与治疗进展联系起来，为更有效的治疗策略提供了一个全面的框架，以对抗肥胖及其相关的合并症，最终将改善患者的预后。

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引用次数: 0