Pub Date : 2026-09-21DOI: 10.1016/j.matt.2026.103029
Byongkyu Lee,Jeewon Park,Geonheon Lee,Sangjin Yang,Jieun Kim,Yongjoon Cho,Changduk Yang
Precise and reproducible control of polymer molecular-weight distributions, especially weight-average molecular weight (Mw) and dispersity (Ð), remains a major challenge for semiconducting polymers. Here, we introduce a two-dimensional Mw–Ð space that reformulates distribution engineering as a coordinate-based design problem. Extending two-batch to three-batch mixing (x + y + z = 1) expands accessible distributions from a one-dimensional trajectory to a continuous two-dimensional surface, enabling independent tuning of Mw and Ð within the batch-defined feasible region. Experiments using representative semiconducting polymers validate the framework by reproducing target Mw–Ð coordinates with errors below 4.4%. Machine learning maps performance across Mw–Ð space, where direct power-conversion-efficiency (PCE) prediction outperforms reconstruction from photovoltaic parameters. This framework enables direct PCE prediction without decomposing interdependent properties governing device performance. Inverse design achieves high PCEs with <0.15% deviation, surpassing the original batch limit. The batch-defined Mw–Ð framework enables practical molecular-weight-distribution optimization in semiconducting polymers.
聚合物分子量分布的精确和可重复性控制，特别是重量-平均分子量（Mw）和分散性（Ð），仍然是半导体聚合物的主要挑战。在这里，我们引入一个二维Mw -Ð空间，将配电工程重新表述为一个基于坐标的设计问题。将两批混合扩展到三批混合（x + y + z = 1）将可访问分布从一维轨迹扩展到连续的二维表面，从而可以在批定义的可行区域内独立调整Mw和Ð。使用代表性半导体聚合物的实验通过再现目标Mw -Ð坐标来验证该框架，误差低于4.4%。机器学习映射了Mw -Ð空间的性能，其中直接功率转换效率（PCE）预测优于光伏参数重建。该框架可以直接预测PCE，而无需分解控制设备性能的相互依赖属性。反设计实现了pce <0.15%的高偏差，超过了原批次限制。批量定义的Mw -Ð框架使半导体聚合物中的实际分子量分布优化成为可能。
{"title":"Navigating continuous two-dimensional Mw–Ð space for deterministic inverse design of molecular weight distribution","authors":"Byongkyu Lee,Jeewon Park,Geonheon Lee,Sangjin Yang,Jieun Kim,Yongjoon Cho,Changduk Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.matt.2026.103029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matt.2026.103029","url":null,"abstract":"Precise and reproducible control of polymer molecular-weight distributions, especially weight-average molecular weight (Mw) and dispersity (Ð), remains a major challenge for semiconducting polymers. Here, we introduce a two-dimensional Mw–Ð space that reformulates distribution engineering as a coordinate-based design problem. Extending two-batch to three-batch mixing (x + y + z = 1) expands accessible distributions from a one-dimensional trajectory to a continuous two-dimensional surface, enabling independent tuning of Mw and Ð within the batch-defined feasible region. Experiments using representative semiconducting polymers validate the framework by reproducing target Mw–Ð coordinates with errors below 4.4%. Machine learning maps performance across Mw–Ð space, where direct power-conversion-efficiency (PCE) prediction outperforms reconstruction from photovoltaic parameters. This framework enables direct PCE prediction without decomposing interdependent properties governing device performance. Inverse design achieves high PCEs with <0.15% deviation, surpassing the original batch limit. The batch-defined Mw–Ð framework enables practical molecular-weight-distribution optimization in semiconducting polymers.","PeriodicalId":388,"journal":{"name":"Matter","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149010166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-09-18DOI: 10.1016/j.matt.2026.103030
Yadong Yu,Yongjin Du,Manfang Hu,Ruoyan He,Wenjing Jin,Junbo Gong
The use of biomolecules for degradable plastics is key to a sustainable plastics industry. However, current biomolecule-based plastics are often brittle or rely on nondegradable crosslinkers, limiting their practicality. Inspired by natural biominerals, we crosslinked bovine serum albumin (BSA) and sodium alginate (SA), using calcium phosphate oligomers (CPO), to form a biomineral (BSA/SA/CPO; abbreviated as BSC) plastic. Unlike traditional crosslinking, CPO undergo ionic polymerization within the biomolecular network to form flexible hydroxyapatite nanowires, which establish hydrogen bonding and ionic-crosslinking networks with BSA/SA chains. This gives BSC mechanical properties comparable to conventional plastics, along with flame retardancy, solvent resistance, and degradability. BSC can be ingested by land and marine organisms, enter natural matter cycles through digestion, and pose minimal anticipated risks. Thus, BSC is a promising candidate for replacing certain polymers and reducing plastic pollution. This strategy can be extended to various biomolecular systems, paving the way for a green plastics industry.
{"title":"Edible biomineral plastics via crosslinking integration of biomolecules and inorganic ionic oligomers","authors":"Yadong Yu,Yongjin Du,Manfang Hu,Ruoyan He,Wenjing Jin,Junbo Gong","doi":"10.1016/j.matt.2026.103030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matt.2026.103030","url":null,"abstract":"The use of biomolecules for degradable plastics is key to a sustainable plastics industry. However, current biomolecule-based plastics are often brittle or rely on nondegradable crosslinkers, limiting their practicality. Inspired by natural biominerals, we crosslinked bovine serum albumin (BSA) and sodium alginate (SA), using calcium phosphate oligomers (CPO), to form a biomineral (BSA/SA/CPO; abbreviated as BSC) plastic. Unlike traditional crosslinking, CPO undergo ionic polymerization within the biomolecular network to form flexible hydroxyapatite nanowires, which establish hydrogen bonding and ionic-crosslinking networks with BSA/SA chains. This gives BSC mechanical properties comparable to conventional plastics, along with flame retardancy, solvent resistance, and degradability. BSC can be ingested by land and marine organisms, enter natural matter cycles through digestion, and pose minimal anticipated risks. Thus, BSC is a promising candidate for replacing certain polymers and reducing plastic pollution. This strategy can be extended to various biomolecular systems, paving the way for a green plastics industry.","PeriodicalId":388,"journal":{"name":"Matter","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148993785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Soft magnetoelastic materials and bioelectronics are emerging as transformative paradigms in personalized healthcare and sustainable energy. However, the physical origin of giant magnetoelasticity in soft material systems remains insufficiently understood, limiting material design and optimization. Here, we develop a continuous-fiber model for giant magnetoelasticity in soft matter by mapping the wavy-chain architecture onto an equivalent virtual continuous-fiber representation, which transforms a complex particulate system into a tractable analytical description. Within this framework, the anisotropic mechanical behavior of particulate-reinforced magnetoelastic materials is recast as an equivalent transversely isotropic, fiber-reinforced constitutive description. The model captures the essential mechanics imparted by the wavy-chain microstructure, while enabling concise, closed-form analysis of magnetoelastic coupling. Building on this framework, we further introduce microstructure-informed optimization strategies. Overall, this work establishes a quantitative and scalable framework for understanding and optimizing giant magnetoelasticity in soft matter.
{"title":"A continuous fiber model for giant magnetoelasticity in soft matter","authors":"Zhaoqi Duan,Yihao Zhou,Xiujun Fan,Songyue Chen,Yizhuo Xu,Rui Guo,Xinkai Xu,Xiao Wan,Yang Luo,Xiao Xiao,Jun Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.matt.2026.103012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matt.2026.103012","url":null,"abstract":"Soft magnetoelastic materials and bioelectronics are emerging as transformative paradigms in personalized healthcare and sustainable energy. However, the physical origin of giant magnetoelasticity in soft material systems remains insufficiently understood, limiting material design and optimization. Here, we develop a continuous-fiber model for giant magnetoelasticity in soft matter by mapping the wavy-chain architecture onto an equivalent virtual continuous-fiber representation, which transforms a complex particulate system into a tractable analytical description. Within this framework, the anisotropic mechanical behavior of particulate-reinforced magnetoelastic materials is recast as an equivalent transversely isotropic, fiber-reinforced constitutive description. The model captures the essential mechanics imparted by the wavy-chain microstructure, while enabling concise, closed-form analysis of magnetoelastic coupling. Building on this framework, we further introduce microstructure-informed optimization strategies. Overall, this work establishes a quantitative and scalable framework for understanding and optimizing giant magnetoelasticity in soft matter.","PeriodicalId":388,"journal":{"name":"Matter","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148915175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-09-10DOI: 10.1016/j.matt.2026.103011
Yijin Qiu,Zhenghui Huang,Yuanyuan Zheng,Zongyu Wang,Zhixuan Zhou,Chaoji Chen,Ze Zhao,Hongbing Deng
The environmental threat of petroleum-based plastics drives demand for sustainable alternatives, yet biodegradable materials often fail in humid conditions due to hydrophilicity and weak interfaces. Here, inspired by brick-and-mortar structure of mussel shells and interfacial adhesion mechanisms of mussel byssus, a dual bioinspired strategy is reported that leverages a thermal activation at 150°C to trigger in situ interfacial curing within an intrinsic network of pollen, cellulose, and chitosan. This process yields a hierarchically organized biocomposites with outstanding mechanical performance (tensile strength, 98.55 MPa; wet tensile strength, 77.30 MPa) and enables binder-free shaping into complex structures ranging from flexible films to rigid bulk materials. Notably, the biocomposites also exhibit superior barrier performance compared with representative biodegradable polymers, featuring low water vapor permeability (∼41.11 ± 4.87 g·m−2·day−1), oxygen permeability (∼3.31 ± 0.33 cm3·m−2·day−1), and efficient ultraviolet shielding (UV absorption > 99.8%). This work offers a green, scalable route to high-performance sustainable biocomposites with integrated functionality.
{"title":"Dual bioinspired structural-interfacial engineering of brick-and-mortar biocomposites for a superior integrated water/gas/UV barrier","authors":"Yijin Qiu,Zhenghui Huang,Yuanyuan Zheng,Zongyu Wang,Zhixuan Zhou,Chaoji Chen,Ze Zhao,Hongbing Deng","doi":"10.1016/j.matt.2026.103011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matt.2026.103011","url":null,"abstract":"The environmental threat of petroleum-based plastics drives demand for sustainable alternatives, yet biodegradable materials often fail in humid conditions due to hydrophilicity and weak interfaces. Here, inspired by brick-and-mortar structure of mussel shells and interfacial adhesion mechanisms of mussel byssus, a dual bioinspired strategy is reported that leverages a thermal activation at 150°C to trigger in situ interfacial curing within an intrinsic network of pollen, cellulose, and chitosan. This process yields a hierarchically organized biocomposites with outstanding mechanical performance (tensile strength, 98.55 MPa; wet tensile strength, 77.30 MPa) and enables binder-free shaping into complex structures ranging from flexible films to rigid bulk materials. Notably, the biocomposites also exhibit superior barrier performance compared with representative biodegradable polymers, featuring low water vapor permeability (∼41.11 ± 4.87 g·m−2·day−1), oxygen permeability (∼3.31 ± 0.33 cm3·m−2·day−1), and efficient ultraviolet shielding (UV absorption > 99.8%). This work offers a green, scalable route to high-performance sustainable biocomposites with integrated functionality.","PeriodicalId":388,"journal":{"name":"Matter","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148915173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-09-09DOI: 10.1016/j.matt.2026.103001
Weiwei Li,Cheng Hu,Tianle Zhu,Yayun Chen,Rui Zhang,Ping Jiang,Puneet S. Dhatt,Jinghao Li,Sisi Xiang,Mengqiao Liu,Chengcheng J. Fei,Jenny Liu,Susie Y. Dai,Joshua S. Yuan
Lignin-based carbon fiber offers a sustainable and cost-effective alternative to petroleum-derived products, yet research has failed to achieve commercially relevant performance. We demonstrated crystallite orientation enhancement as a new strategy to improve performance. Functionalized single-walled carbon nanotubes (F-SWCNTs) were introduced as a crystallization inducer, followed by external stress-guided structure adjustment and carbonization optimization. The resulting carbon fiber exhibited an increased crystallite orientation that substantially improved mechanical performance and electrical conductivity. Further analysis confirmed that the incorporation of F-SWCNTs significantly enhanced the structural integrity and crystallite orientation when tension application and carbonization temperature were co-optimized. The industrially relevant wet-spun lignin-based carbon fiber achieved a tensile strength of 2.04 GPa and an elastic modulus of 176 GPa, surpassing the automotive industry application standard. Techno-economic and life cycle analyses indicated substantial potential to reduce cost and environmental footprint. The study revealed critical design principles for high-quality materials and enabled a sustainable path for lightweight materials.
{"title":"Transforming renewable carbon fiber performance, economics, and sustainability via oriented crystallization design","authors":"Weiwei Li,Cheng Hu,Tianle Zhu,Yayun Chen,Rui Zhang,Ping Jiang,Puneet S. Dhatt,Jinghao Li,Sisi Xiang,Mengqiao Liu,Chengcheng J. Fei,Jenny Liu,Susie Y. Dai,Joshua S. Yuan","doi":"10.1016/j.matt.2026.103001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matt.2026.103001","url":null,"abstract":"Lignin-based carbon fiber offers a sustainable and cost-effective alternative to petroleum-derived products, yet research has failed to achieve commercially relevant performance. We demonstrated crystallite orientation enhancement as a new strategy to improve performance. Functionalized single-walled carbon nanotubes (F-SWCNTs) were introduced as a crystallization inducer, followed by external stress-guided structure adjustment and carbonization optimization. The resulting carbon fiber exhibited an increased crystallite orientation that substantially improved mechanical performance and electrical conductivity. Further analysis confirmed that the incorporation of F-SWCNTs significantly enhanced the structural integrity and crystallite orientation when tension application and carbonization temperature were co-optimized. The industrially relevant wet-spun lignin-based carbon fiber achieved a tensile strength of 2.04 GPa and an elastic modulus of 176 GPa, surpassing the automotive industry application standard. Techno-economic and life cycle analyses indicated substantial potential to reduce cost and environmental footprint. The study revealed critical design principles for high-quality materials and enabled a sustainable path for lightweight materials.","PeriodicalId":388,"journal":{"name":"Matter","volume":"164 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148908778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this study, we report a novel single-atom nanozyme (SAzyme) architecture characterized by unique dual-active sites comprising IrN4Cl single atoms adjacent to IrO2−x nanoclusters within a zirconium-based metal-organic framework (MOF). Combined with pore-wall engineering via electron-withdrawing –NO2 groups, the resulting Zr–TCPP(Ir)/IrO2−x–NO2 MOF SAzyme redirects the H2O2 activation pathway from the conventional homolytic cleavage that produces hydroxyl radicals to a heterolytic cleavage that selectively generates singlet oxygen (1O2) (H2O2→∗OOH→∗OO→1O2), overcoming the kinetic limitations of homolytic pathways. Experimental and theoretical calculations reveal that the strong electronic coupling between the spatially proximate IrN4Cl and IrO2−x pair, combined with electron-withdrawing –NO2 groups, optimally modulates the Ir electronic state and stabilizes key ∗OOH intermediates. Consequently, the designed SAzyme exhibits a specific activity of 1,258 U/mg, about 88 times that of Fe-N4 MOF nanozymes and 3.62 times that of horseradish peroxidase, marking the highest value reported to date for single-atom catalysts.
{"title":"IrN4Cl/IrO2−x sites transitioning hydroxyl radicals to singlet oxygen intermediates to achieve record-high peroxidase-like activity","authors":"Xinliu Tan,Mengshuo Xu,Lei Yang,Xuanang Shen,Zheng Shu,Yuankui Leng,Zhangsheng Shi,Xiaolin Huang,Yonghua Xiong","doi":"10.1016/j.matt.2026.103006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matt.2026.103006","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, we report a novel single-atom nanozyme (SAzyme) architecture characterized by unique dual-active sites comprising IrN4Cl single atoms adjacent to IrO2−x nanoclusters within a zirconium-based metal-organic framework (MOF). Combined with pore-wall engineering via electron-withdrawing –NO2 groups, the resulting Zr–TCPP(Ir)/IrO2−x–NO2 MOF SAzyme redirects the H2O2 activation pathway from the conventional homolytic cleavage that produces hydroxyl radicals to a heterolytic cleavage that selectively generates singlet oxygen (1O2) (H2O2→∗OOH→∗OO→1O2), overcoming the kinetic limitations of homolytic pathways. Experimental and theoretical calculations reveal that the strong electronic coupling between the spatially proximate IrN4Cl and IrO2−x pair, combined with electron-withdrawing –NO2 groups, optimally modulates the Ir electronic state and stabilizes key ∗OOH intermediates. Consequently, the designed SAzyme exhibits a specific activity of 1,258 U/mg, about 88 times that of Fe-N4 MOF nanozymes and 3.62 times that of horseradish peroxidase, marking the highest value reported to date for single-atom catalysts.","PeriodicalId":388,"journal":{"name":"Matter","volume":"387 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148908774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lithium-sulfur batteries suffer from sluggish sulfur redox reactions and lithium polysulfide (LiPS) shuttling. Here, we develop oxygen-doped molybdenum diselenide (O-MoSe2) as a multifunctional sulfur host with electronically engineered trap states. Aberration-corrected STEM, EPR, and XAFS reveal abundant Se vacancies and Mo-O coordination, evidencing defect-dopant-induced local electronic reconstruction. DFT calculations show that oxygen doping lowers the occupation of Mo 4d antibonding eg orbitals toward a near-half-filled configuration, creating complementary deep and shallow trap states. Deep traps promote electron transfer and Li2S decomposition, whereas shallow traps strengthen LiPS anchoring through Mo–S and Se–Li interactions. In situ Raman and DRT analyses confirm accelerated LiPS conversion and sulfur redox kinetics. Consequently, O-MoSe2/S cathodes retain 480 mAh g−1 after 1,000 cycles at 1C, deliver 660 mAh g−1 at 5C, and operate stably from 0°C to 60°C.
锂硫电池存在硫氧化还原反应缓慢和锂多硫化物（LiPS）穿梭的问题。在这里，我们开发了氧掺杂二硒化钼（O-MoSe2）作为具有电子工程陷阱态的多功能硫宿主。像差校正后的STEM、EPR和XAFS显示了丰富的Se空位和Mo-O配位，证明了缺陷掺杂引起的局部电子重建。DFT计算表明，氧掺杂降低了mo4d反键eg轨道的占据，使其接近半填充构型，形成了互补的深阱和浅阱态。深阱促进电子转移和Li2S分解，而浅阱通过Mo-S和Se-Li相互作用加强LiPS的锚定。原位拉曼和DRT分析证实了lip转化和硫氧化还原动力学的加速。因此，O-MoSe2/S阴极在1C下循环1000次后保持480 mAh g - 1，在5C下提供660 mAh g - 1，并在0°C至60°C范围内稳定工作。
{"title":"Electronic trap-state engineering in oxygen-doped MoSe2 for efficient polysulfide conversion toward wide-temperature lithium-sulfur batteries","authors":"Canhuang Li,Ao Yu,Jing Yu,Shichang Cai,Zhilong Wang,Chaoqi Zhang,Hao Li,Dawei Yang,Haozhu Zhou,Jiangbo Wang,Yuchuan Ren,Xiaoyu Bi,Yapeng Cheng,Yi Ma,Junshan Li,Jian Wang,Jordi Arbiol,Yingtang Zhou,Quanquan Pang,Andreu Cabot,Wei Wen","doi":"10.1016/j.matt.2026.103007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matt.2026.103007","url":null,"abstract":"Lithium-sulfur batteries suffer from sluggish sulfur redox reactions and lithium polysulfide (LiPS) shuttling. Here, we develop oxygen-doped molybdenum diselenide (O-MoSe2) as a multifunctional sulfur host with electronically engineered trap states. Aberration-corrected STEM, EPR, and XAFS reveal abundant Se vacancies and Mo-O coordination, evidencing defect-dopant-induced local electronic reconstruction. DFT calculations show that oxygen doping lowers the occupation of Mo 4d antibonding eg orbitals toward a near-half-filled configuration, creating complementary deep and shallow trap states. Deep traps promote electron transfer and Li2S decomposition, whereas shallow traps strengthen LiPS anchoring through Mo–S and Se–Li interactions. In situ Raman and DRT analyses confirm accelerated LiPS conversion and sulfur redox kinetics. Consequently, O-MoSe2/S cathodes retain 480 mAh g−1 after 1,000 cycles at 1C, deliver 660 mAh g−1 at 5C, and operate stably from 0°C to 60°C.","PeriodicalId":388,"journal":{"name":"Matter","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148908775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-09-04DOI: 10.1016/j.matt.2026.103004
Mingzhe Nie,Mingxing Peng,Xun Li,Weizhong Xu,Jiachuan Hua,Massimiliano Galluzzi,Xuemin Du
Morphological evolution across multiple timescales, sustained by spatiotemporally evolving reactive species (STERS), underpins living systems’ development and adaptation. However, synthetic materials rarely recapitulate such evolving morphodynamics. Here, we propose a novel strategy that enables life-like generation of STERS, programming hydrogel morphological evolution across micro- to macro-scales and over minutes to weeks. This STERS system integrates gallium-based liquid metal particles, vinyl monomers, and near-infrared (NIR) light to establish spatiotemporal reactive species gradients for weeks following a single NIR exposure. STERS drive progressive free radical polymerization and ionic complexation, generating spatiotemporally evolving crosslinking gradients and enabling programmable shape transformations. We further extend these morphology-evolving hydrogels to biomedical applications, including directing stem cell differentiation and monitoring electroencephalogram signals in the developing brain. These advances pave the way for a new paradigm in the design of next-generation intelligent materials and devices, with promising applications in robotics, regenerative medicine, and brain-machine interfaces.
{"title":"Self-sustaining reactive species program morphological evolution across timescales in hydrogels","authors":"Mingzhe Nie,Mingxing Peng,Xun Li,Weizhong Xu,Jiachuan Hua,Massimiliano Galluzzi,Xuemin Du","doi":"10.1016/j.matt.2026.103004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matt.2026.103004","url":null,"abstract":"Morphological evolution across multiple timescales, sustained by spatiotemporally evolving reactive species (STERS), underpins living systems’ development and adaptation. However, synthetic materials rarely recapitulate such evolving morphodynamics. Here, we propose a novel strategy that enables life-like generation of STERS, programming hydrogel morphological evolution across micro- to macro-scales and over minutes to weeks. This STERS system integrates gallium-based liquid metal particles, vinyl monomers, and near-infrared (NIR) light to establish spatiotemporal reactive species gradients for weeks following a single NIR exposure. STERS drive progressive free radical polymerization and ionic complexation, generating spatiotemporally evolving crosslinking gradients and enabling programmable shape transformations. We further extend these morphology-evolving hydrogels to biomedical applications, including directing stem cell differentiation and monitoring electroencephalogram signals in the developing brain. These advances pave the way for a new paradigm in the design of next-generation intelligent materials and devices, with promising applications in robotics, regenerative medicine, and brain-machine interfaces.","PeriodicalId":388,"journal":{"name":"Matter","volume":"162 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148893487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Currently, commercial thermoluminescence (TL) dosimeters predominantly employ inorganic doped phosphors, which are commonly plagued by issues such as stringent synthesis conditions and complex preparation processes. In this work, a non-doped TL dosimeter based on copper-cluster-based framework (CuI-TLD) was synthesized via a mild preparation process. The TL spectral integral area of CuI-TLD shows excellent linear response to X-ray doses, with a limit of detection (LOD) as low as 0.014 mGy. In addition, based on the excellent scintillation performance and TL properties of CuI-TLD, an integrated TL dosimetry/X-ray imaging technology was developed, which enables accurate in situ determination of the actual accumulated radiation dose absorbed by an imaged object during X-ray imaging. This work provides a new perspective for development of high-performance TL materials and offers a novel chemometric tool for fields such as radiation-based medical diagnosis and treatment, as well as radiation-based plant breeding.
{"title":"Non-doped copper cluster thermoluminescence dosimeter","authors":"Qi Yang,Jia-Wang Yuan,Yu-Chen Han,You-Song Hu,Xi-Ming Luo,Qiu-Chen Peng,Kai Li,Shuang-Quan Zang","doi":"10.1016/j.matt.2026.103003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matt.2026.103003","url":null,"abstract":"Currently, commercial thermoluminescence (TL) dosimeters predominantly employ inorganic doped phosphors, which are commonly plagued by issues such as stringent synthesis conditions and complex preparation processes. In this work, a non-doped TL dosimeter based on copper-cluster-based framework (CuI-TLD) was synthesized via a mild preparation process. The TL spectral integral area of CuI-TLD shows excellent linear response to X-ray doses, with a limit of detection (LOD) as low as 0.014 mGy. In addition, based on the excellent scintillation performance and TL properties of CuI-TLD, an integrated TL dosimetry/X-ray imaging technology was developed, which enables accurate in situ determination of the actual accumulated radiation dose absorbed by an imaged object during X-ray imaging. This work provides a new perspective for development of high-performance TL materials and offers a novel chemometric tool for fields such as radiation-based medical diagnosis and treatment, as well as radiation-based plant breeding.","PeriodicalId":388,"journal":{"name":"Matter","volume":"70 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148893486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-09-03DOI: 10.1016/j.matt.2026.102998
Yue Wu,Ran Bi,Yufan Feng,Yuan Liu,Yanzhao Yang,Wei Feng,Ling Wang
Chirality governs numerous optical phenomena. Imparting chirality to photonic materials yields diverse chiroptical functions, among which circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) is particularly valuable for advanced optoelectronic and display applications. Cholesteric liquid crystals (CLCs), with long-range helical superstructures, are attractive templates for CPL generation. However, achieving arbitrarily patterned chiral architectures with high luminescence dissymmetry factors remains challenging. Here, we present a large-area-compatible screen-printing strategy for high-fidelity CLC patterns with intense CPL emission. By optimizing ink viscosity and screen-stencil geometry, uniform ≈50 μm CLC patterns are achieved on rigid and flexible substrates. Screen printing facilitates liquid-crystal pre-alignment, while evaporation-induced self-assembly produces highly oriented helical superstructures. Incorporating fluorescent dyes into these chiral templates enables full-color CPL with |glum| up to 1.72. Opposite-handed pixel microarrays demonstrate the stereoscopic 3D display concept through orthogonal polarization channels. This strategy offers a potentially scalable route to patterned CPL architectures for information encryption and next-generation 3D displays.
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