El presente articulo tiene como objetivo revisar el estatus de la construccion compleja hacer + infinitivo , no considerada perifrasis para la mayoria de autores, parcialmente considerada asi para otros y perifrastica para un tercer grupo. Analizaremos las pruebas que sustentan esta variedad de opiniones y ofreceremos una conclusion acerca del uso de la construccion con funcion supletiva en determinados contextos y como forma de expresion analitica de ciertos items lexicos de caracter causativo, para lo cual consideraremos patrones como la bieventividad y como la temporalidad . Ilustraremos esta ultima funcion como creadora de equivalencia semantica mediante la controvertida discusion acerca de si matar es hacer morir , revisando para ello las teorias mas conocidas acerca de su no igualacion y elaborando una propuesta alternativa.
{"title":"La construcción \"hacer + infinitivo\": unas notas sobre \"matar\" y \"hacer morir\"","authors":"F. García","doi":"10.1344/AFEL2017.7.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1344/AFEL2017.7.1","url":null,"abstract":"El presente articulo tiene como objetivo revisar el estatus de la construccion compleja hacer + infinitivo , no considerada perifrasis para la mayoria de autores, parcialmente considerada asi para otros y perifrastica para un tercer grupo. Analizaremos las pruebas que sustentan esta variedad de opiniones y ofreceremos una conclusion acerca del uso de la construccion con funcion supletiva en determinados contextos y como forma de expresion analitica de ciertos items lexicos de caracter causativo, para lo cual consideraremos patrones como la bieventividad y como la temporalidad . Ilustraremos esta ultima funcion como creadora de equivalencia semantica mediante la controvertida discusion acerca de si matar es hacer morir , revisando para ello las teorias mas conocidas acerca de su no igualacion y elaborando una propuesta alternativa.","PeriodicalId":40232,"journal":{"name":"Anuari de Filologia-Estudis de Linguistica","volume":"1 1","pages":"1-27"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2017-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42442245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
El derecho es una actividad profesional esencialmente linguistica. Desde los anos 80 han proliferado estudios que han analizado las relaciones entre linguistica y derecho desde perspectivas diversas. El presente documento revisa la s principales areas de investigacion que se enmarcan en este vasto campo de estudio y presenta los articulos que conforman este volumen: cinco trabajos que constituyen dos bloques tematicos netamente diferenciados. El primero presenta dos muestras de como la linguistica puede ponerse al servicio de la resolucion de problemas juridicos; el segundo ofrece la perspectiva del jurista sobre como un mejor conocimiento del lenguaje e incluso de otros lenguajes ajenos al derecho puede aplicarse a la mejora de la co municacion en el ambito judicial.
{"title":"Lengua y derecho: perspectivas de estudio","authors":"M. Panizo, Anna López Samaniego","doi":"10.1344/AFEL2017.7.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1344/AFEL2017.7.3","url":null,"abstract":"El derecho es una actividad profesional esencialmente linguistica. Desde los anos 80 han proliferado estudios que han analizado las relaciones entre linguistica y derecho desde perspectivas diversas. El presente documento revisa la s principales areas de investigacion que se enmarcan en este vasto campo de estudio y presenta los articulos que conforman este volumen: cinco trabajos que constituyen dos bloques tematicos netamente diferenciados. El primero presenta dos muestras de como la linguistica puede ponerse al servicio de la resolucion de problemas juridicos; el segundo ofrece la perspectiva del jurista sobre como un mejor conocimiento del lenguaje e incluso de otros lenguajes ajenos al derecho puede aplicarse a la mejora de la co municacion en el ambito judicial.","PeriodicalId":40232,"journal":{"name":"Anuari de Filologia-Estudis de Linguistica","volume":"1 1","pages":"43-50"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2017-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46919070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
En estas paginas se aborda la escasa formacion linguistica de los futuros juristas en Espana. Esta formacion insuficiente resulta una verdadera paradoja en el caso de estos profesionales que deben manejar con soltura la palabra tanto de forma oral como escrita. Se exponen algunos de los errores comunes cometidos por los juristas en su expresion. Proponemos recomendaciones que tiendan a suplir las carencias detectadas y que contribuyan a la formacion real de los juristas en materia linguistica. A continuacion, se han estudiado diversas iniciativas, tanto publicas como privadas, que se producen en este campo formativo. Posteriormente, nos centramos en el analisis de algunos modelos de ensenanza que incluyen, con diverso grado de dedicacion, formacion en el dominio del lenguaje por parte de los juristas.
{"title":"La formación lingüística de los futuros juristas en España","authors":"Cristina Carretero González","doi":"10.1344/AFEL2017.7.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1344/AFEL2017.7.8","url":null,"abstract":"En estas paginas se aborda la escasa formacion linguistica de los futuros juristas en Espana. Esta formacion insuficiente resulta una verdadera paradoja en el caso de estos profesionales que deben manejar con soltura la palabra tanto de forma oral como escrita. Se exponen algunos de los errores comunes cometidos por los juristas en su expresion. Proponemos recomendaciones que tiendan a suplir las carencias detectadas y que contribuyan a la formacion real de los juristas en materia linguistica. A continuacion, se han estudiado diversas iniciativas, tanto publicas como privadas, que se producen en este campo formativo. Posteriormente, nos centramos en el analisis de algunos modelos de ensenanza que incluyen, con diverso grado de dedicacion, formacion en el dominio del lenguaje por parte de los juristas.","PeriodicalId":40232,"journal":{"name":"Anuari de Filologia-Estudis de Linguistica","volume":"1 1","pages":"149-171"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2017-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45770293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
En aquest treball ens hem proposat analitzar alguns dels europeismes fràsics presents al Llibre de paraules e dits de savis e filòsofs (entre 1291 i 1295) de Jafudà Bonsenyor, metge jueu de Barcelona. Es tracta d’una obra escrita en llengua catalana, a partir de “llibres aràbics”, útil per a l’estudi de la transmissió sapiencial d’Orient a Occident, a través d’Al Àndalus i Catalunya. Per a l’anàlisi, hem aplicat el mètode de concordances fràsiques, a partir del qual hem seleccionat, descrit, documentat, contrastat i validat deu proverbis com a europeismes. Ens ha interessat sobretot la localització i comparació de les codificacions en llatí medieval i llengües europees de l’època estudiada (segles XIII, XIV i XV).
{"title":"Europeismes fràsics en el llibre de paraules e dits de savis e filòsofs. Estudi diacrònic i contrastiu","authors":"Maria Conca Martínez, Josep Guia i Marin","doi":"10.1344/afel.2015.5.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1344/afel.2015.5.4","url":null,"abstract":"En aquest treball ens hem proposat analitzar alguns dels europeismes fràsics presents al Llibre de paraules e dits de savis e filòsofs (entre 1291 i 1295) de Jafudà Bonsenyor, metge jueu de Barcelona. Es tracta d’una obra escrita en llengua catalana, a partir de “llibres aràbics”, útil per a l’estudi de la transmissió sapiencial d’Orient a Occident, a través d’Al Àndalus i Catalunya. Per a l’anàlisi, hem aplicat el mètode de concordances fràsiques, a partir del qual hem seleccionat, descrit, documentat, contrastat i validat deu proverbis com a europeismes. Ens ha interessat sobretot la localització i comparació de les codificacions en llatí medieval i llengües europees de l’època estudiada (segles XIII, XIV i XV).","PeriodicalId":40232,"journal":{"name":"Anuari de Filologia-Estudis de Linguistica","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2016-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66360894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Semantic change does not have to be viewed as a linear and historical phenomenon. Meaning is dynamic by its very nature and semantic variability can be primarily traced in synchronic pragmatic processes such as inferencing. The aim of the following study is to illustrate the thesis that without interactionally-induced and cognitively-motivated polysemy one cannot account for the fine-grained step-by-step developments that are attested by detailed analyses of texts and contexts over time. The semantic developments presented here seem to show that semantic change is embedded in larger contextual units such as sentence, text or discourse rather than being lexically-confined. From this perspective, the semantic change itself appears as a multi-directional and pragmatically conditioned meaning configuration.
{"title":"The role of pragmatic inferencing in causing semantic change","authors":"M. Grygiel","doi":"10.1344/AFEL.2016.6.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1344/AFEL.2016.6.6","url":null,"abstract":"Semantic change does not have to be viewed as a linear and historical phenomenon. Meaning is dynamic by its very nature and semantic variability can be primarily traced in synchronic pragmatic processes such as inferencing. The aim of the following study is to illustrate the thesis that without interactionally-induced and cognitively-motivated polysemy one cannot account for the fine-grained step-by-step developments that are attested by detailed analyses of texts and contexts over time. The semantic developments presented here seem to show that semantic change is embedded in larger contextual units such as sentence, text or discourse rather than being lexically-confined. From this perspective, the semantic change itself appears as a multi-directional and pragmatically conditioned meaning configuration.","PeriodicalId":40232,"journal":{"name":"Anuari de Filologia-Estudis de Linguistica","volume":"1 1","pages":"115-130"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66361751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Only by understanding gender as behavior and not as biological characteristic, it can be said that gender is attached to identity, and because of this bond the concept of gender identity is arised to a concept that has language, history and culture features. In the current paper acoustic and voice quality features related to language have been examined in the communication of emotions. For this purpose, surveys were made to 136 informants who were selected from South Basque Country, and all in all a corpus formed by 408 sentences was collected. These informants were told to repeat a semantically neutral sentence in their own language variety by simulating basic emotions. One of the results of this study, among others, shows statistically that the general use of voice quality is significantly different between two genders when emotions are being expressed.
{"title":"Generoaren eragina oinarrizko emozioetan","authors":"Iñaki Gaminde Terraza, Urtza Garay Rui, Aintzane Etxebarria Lejarreta, Asier Romero Andonegui","doi":"10.1344/AFEL.2016.6.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1344/AFEL.2016.6.1","url":null,"abstract":"Only by understanding gender as behavior and not as biological characteristic, it can be said that gender is attached to identity, and because of this bond the concept of gender identity is arised to a concept that has language, history and culture features. In the current paper acoustic and voice quality features related to language have been examined in the communication of emotions. For this purpose, surveys were made to 136 informants who were selected from South Basque Country, and all in all a corpus formed by 408 sentences was collected. These informants were told to repeat a semantically neutral sentence in their own language variety by simulating basic emotions. One of the results of this study, among others, shows statistically that the general use of voice quality is significantly different between two genders when emotions are being expressed.","PeriodicalId":40232,"journal":{"name":"Anuari de Filologia-Estudis de Linguistica","volume":"1 1","pages":"1-26"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66361384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The present paper focuses on the meliorative change that the adjective guapo [handsome (m) /pretty (f)] has experienced from Latin ( vappa ‘ vino desvirtuado, evaporado’ [altered, evaporated wine], fig. ‘hombre inutil, bribon, granuja’ [good-for-nothing (man), rascal, scamp]) to current Castilian Spanish (‘bien parecido’ [good-looking], ‘acicalado, bien vestido’ [dressed up, well-dressed], amongst others); in other words, a change of perception has taken place: from the olfactory and gustatory perception towards a visual one. The theoretical framework used for the analysis is the one provided by the diachronic prototype semantics presented by Geeraerts in his work of 1997, where this author laid the foundations for the study of semantic variation. From this framework, it is possible to explain the semasiological modulation that guapo has undergone since its first appearance in Castilian Spanish documentation (1638) with pejorative connotations up to the almost meliorative ones which were gradually favored from the 18th century onwards. Evidence will be provided, on the one hand, about the fact that semantic change is caused by reasons of a psychological nature as well as by metaphoric and metonymic mechanisms derived not only from the speakers’ encyclopedic knowledge but also from the sociocultural context where they live. On the other hand, proof of the fact that the new meaning became the prototype of the category guapo from the second half of the 18th century onwards is also given.
{"title":"Cambio semántico meliorativo de guapo: De la percepción olfativa y gustativa a la percepción visual","authors":"Herminia Provencio Garrigós","doi":"10.1344/AFEL2016.6.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1344/AFEL2016.6.8","url":null,"abstract":"The present paper focuses on the meliorative change that the adjective guapo [handsome (m) /pretty (f)] has experienced from Latin ( vappa ‘ vino desvirtuado, evaporado’ [altered, evaporated wine], fig. ‘hombre inutil, bribon, granuja’ [good-for-nothing (man), rascal, scamp]) to current Castilian Spanish (‘bien parecido’ [good-looking], ‘acicalado, bien vestido’ [dressed up, well-dressed], amongst others); in other words, a change of perception has taken place: from the olfactory and gustatory perception towards a visual one. The theoretical framework used for the analysis is the one provided by the diachronic prototype semantics presented by Geeraerts in his work of 1997, where this author laid the foundations for the study of semantic variation. From this framework, it is possible to explain the semasiological modulation that guapo has undergone since its first appearance in Castilian Spanish documentation (1638) with pejorative connotations up to the almost meliorative ones which were gradually favored from the 18th century onwards. Evidence will be provided, on the one hand, about the fact that semantic change is caused by reasons of a psychological nature as well as by metaphoric and metonymic mechanisms derived not only from the speakers’ encyclopedic knowledge but also from the sociocultural context where they live. On the other hand, proof of the fact that the new meaning became the prototype of the category guapo from the second half of the 18th century onwards is also given.","PeriodicalId":40232,"journal":{"name":"Anuari de Filologia-Estudis de Linguistica","volume":"1 1","pages":"161-194"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66363269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The aim of this paper is to explore the role of semantic change in the creation and development of scientific, and the interaction between this and common everyday language. To this end, the theoretical tenets of Dik Geraeerts’s Diachronic Prototype Semantics plus ideas on the influence of cognitive linguistics (George Lakoff) on semantic change as developed by Gyori Gabor have been taken into account. The analysis of terms found in astronomy and history texts from the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries reveals that metaphor is the fundamental cognitive mechanism involved in meaning shifts from scientific to common core vocabulary use.
{"title":"Specialised language varieties: When a cognitive framework can explain semantic changes","authors":"Begoña Crespo","doi":"10.1344/AFEL.2016.6.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1344/AFEL.2016.6.4","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this paper is to explore the role of semantic change in the creation and development of scientific, and the interaction between this and common everyday language. To this end, the theoretical tenets of Dik Geraeerts’s Diachronic Prototype Semantics plus ideas on the influence of cognitive linguistics (George Lakoff) on semantic change as developed by Gyori Gabor have been taken into account. The analysis of terms found in astronomy and history texts from the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries reveals that metaphor is the fundamental cognitive mechanism involved in meaning shifts from scientific to common core vocabulary use.","PeriodicalId":40232,"journal":{"name":"Anuari de Filologia-Estudis de Linguistica","volume":"1 1","pages":"63-83"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66361403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The technological advances in computing and the development of corpus linguistics have revolutionized the methodology of diachronic linguistics with undeniable benefits in terms of speed of data collection and volume and diversity of these data. Unlike the philological method, based on reading and rereading a text, computerized corpora accessed with automatic search tools provide in seconds a large amount of samples taken from hundreds of works that the investigator may not have read thoroughly. The lack of deep familiarity with both the content and the language system of the texts cannot affect the grammatical interpretation of many fragments, but in relevant cases can be misleading, as we illustrate with some examples. The cautious analysis of unexpected records and its extensive contextualization before venturing an interpretation can help us overcome this obstacle.
{"title":"Mètode filològic i lingüística de corpus: Una intersecció profitosa (o com enfrontar-se a mostres del CICA d’interpretació difícil)","authors":"Mar Massanell i Messalles","doi":"10.1344/AFEL.2016.6.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1344/AFEL.2016.6.2","url":null,"abstract":"The technological advances in computing and the development of corpus linguistics have revolutionized the methodology of diachronic linguistics with undeniable benefits in terms of speed of data collection and volume and diversity of these data. Unlike the philological method, based on reading and rereading a text, computerized corpora accessed with automatic search tools provide in seconds a large amount of samples taken from hundreds of works that the investigator may not have read thoroughly. The lack of deep familiarity with both the content and the language system of the texts cannot affect the grammatical interpretation of many fragments, but in relevant cases can be misleading, as we illustrate with some examples. The cautious analysis of unexpected records and its extensive contextualization before venturing an interpretation can help us overcome this obstacle.","PeriodicalId":40232,"journal":{"name":"Anuari de Filologia-Estudis de Linguistica","volume":"34 1","pages":"27-53"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66361540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study presents a comparative analysis of the semantic evolution of the noun punta and its verbal derivatives in both Catalan and Spanish: apuntar (Cat. / Sp.), despuntar (Cat. / Sp.), espuntar (Cat.), traspuntar (Cat. / Sp.), puntejar (Cat.) and puntear (Sp.). The Generative Lexicon framework (Pustejovsky 1995) is adopted, which allows examining the processes that intervene in the emergence of words’ new senses from a sub-lexical and compositional standpoint. It is demonstrated that the semantic changes and extensions undergone by punta and its verbal derivatives throughout the history can be accounted for by means of a series of generative devices that operate when these terms are used in context.
{"title":"Polisèmia del nom punta i els seus derivats verbals: Una comparativa històrica entre el castellà i el català","authors":"Elisabeth Gibert Sotelo","doi":"10.1344/AFEL.2016.6.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1344/AFEL.2016.6.5","url":null,"abstract":"This study presents a comparative analysis of the semantic evolution of the noun punta and its verbal derivatives in both Catalan and Spanish: apuntar (Cat. / Sp.), despuntar (Cat. / Sp.), espuntar (Cat.), traspuntar (Cat. / Sp.), puntejar (Cat.) and puntear (Sp.). The Generative Lexicon framework (Pustejovsky 1995) is adopted, which allows examining the processes that intervene in the emergence of words’ new senses from a sub-lexical and compositional standpoint. It is demonstrated that the semantic changes and extensions undergone by punta and its verbal derivatives throughout the history can be accounted for by means of a series of generative devices that operate when these terms are used in context.","PeriodicalId":40232,"journal":{"name":"Anuari de Filologia-Estudis de Linguistica","volume":"1 1","pages":"85-113"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66361524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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