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Community empowerment in communities of sex workers in Latin America 拉丁美洲性工作者社区的社区赋权
Q4 SOCIAL SCIENCES, INTERDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.21803/penamer.16.32.625
Diana Milena Vargas Rodríguez, Tatiana Martínez Santis
Introduction: The research was intended to conduct an analysis of the notion of community empowerment and how it is used in sex worker collectives, was conducted through an exploration of academic publications from Latin American nations over the last decade. Objective: To critically analyze the notion of community empowerment and its relevance to sex worker collectivities by exploring studies conducted in Latin America (Latam) over the last decade. Methodology: For the study, a systematic review of the available literature was developed through a Research Analysis Matrix (RAI) to examine the notion of community empowerment and its relationship with sex workers in Latam, in coherence with a conceptual theoretical framework that has Community Psychology and gender studies as its central axis, the applicability of community empowerment resulting from the intersectionality of sex workers in Latin American contexts is discussed. Conclusion: Sex work was understood as a concept of resignification, which has given rise to vindicating visions translated into an exercise of female empowerment by allowing them access to resources that can help their transformation at the individual, community and social levels.
前言:本研究旨在分析社区赋权的概念及其在性工作者集体中的应用,通过对过去十年拉丁美洲国家学术出版物的探索进行了研究。目的:通过探索过去十年在拉丁美洲(Latam)进行的研究,批判性地分析社区赋权的概念及其与性工作者集体的相关性。研究方法:本研究通过研究分析矩阵(RAI)对现有文献进行了系统回顾,以检验拉丁美洲社区赋权的概念及其与性工作者的关系,并与以社区心理学和性别研究为中心的概念理论框架相一致,讨论了性工作者在拉丁美洲背景下的交叉性所产生的社区赋权的适用性。结论:性工作被理解为一种辞职的概念,这已经产生了通过允许她们获得可以帮助她们在个人、社区和社会层面进行转变的资源,从而将正确的愿景转化为女性赋权的实践。
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引用次数: 0
Learning by doing e desempenho acadêmico em estudantes de Administração de Empresas 工商管理专业学生的边做边学与学业成绩
Q4 SOCIAL SCIENCES, INTERDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-10-23 DOI: 10.21803/penamer.16.32.659
Oriana Cortés Bracho, Libnazaret Betancourt Rodriguez, Jorge Mejía Turizo, Adelaida del Carmen Ojeda Beltrán
Introduction: Traditional education in the classroom has been questioned in its ability to respond to the needs of the knowledge society, so the center of the discussion is directed to the change of methodologies that are more suitable and coherent with the environment, such as the learning by doing methodology, expressed as experiential learning that forces the student to solve problems outside the classroom. Objective: The objective of this article is to analyze how the Learning by Doing methodology is related to the academic performance of business administration students. Methodology: the comparison of the final grades of two groups of students is proposed: group A made up of a sample of 34 students (control group that took the subject in the first semester of 2022, in the traditional way) and group B (experimental group that took the subject in the second semester of 2022 under the aforementioned methodology) made up of a sample of 29 students. Likewise, group B was measured at two moments (before and after having participated in learning by doing activities) with a pre and post test. Results: The results showed an improvement in the grades of group B, additionally an improvement in leadership, innovation and creativity skills was observed in the students of this group. Conclusions: This research highlights the need to adopt methodologies such as learning by doing in the training of business administrators.
引言:传统的课堂教育在应对知识社会需求的能力方面受到质疑,因此讨论的中心指向更适合和更符合环境的方法的变化,例如通过做来学习的方法,表达为强迫学生在课堂外解决问题的体验式学习。目的:本文的目的是分析“边做边学”方法与工商管理专业学生学习成绩的关系。方法:提出两组学生的期末成绩比较:A组由34名学生组成的样本(采用传统方法的2022年第一学期的对照组)和B组由29名学生组成的样本(采用上述方法的2022年第二学期的实验组)。同样,B组在参与活动学习之前和之后的两个时刻进行了前后测试。结果:B组学生的学习成绩有所提高,在领导能力、创新能力和创造能力等方面也有所提高。结论:本研究强调了在企业管理人员培训中采用边做边学等方法的必要性。
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引用次数: 0
Social representations of a group of ex-combatants on compliance with the Peace Agreement 一群前战斗人员关于遵守《和平协定》的社会陈述
Q4 SOCIAL SCIENCES, INTERDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-10-10 DOI: 10.21803/penamer.16.31.651
Alfredo Javier Pérez Gamboa, Verenice Sánchez Castillo, Carlos Alberto Gómez Cano
Introduction: the peace process in Colombia, the signing of the Havana Treaty and its compliance, have been the subject of various investigations. Due to the long history of the conflict and the multiple attempts at pacification, the Peace Treaty represented an important opportunity to resolve deep-rooted social problems in the affected territories. Objective: the objective of the study was to describe the social representations of ex-combatants about the Peace Treaty. Methodology: a basic qualitative design based on observation, interview and triangulation of sources was implemented. Results: the main results point towards a social representation of variable polarity according to the specific points, the predominance of ideas and beliefs related to the construction of the future, a favorable appreciation of the transition and resistance related to the historical problems that generate the conflict. Conclusions: it is concluded that the representation of ex-combatants is marked by the idea that peace, as was the armed conflict, is a process that entails advances and setbacks.
导言:哥伦比亚的和平进程、《哈瓦那条约》的签署及其遵守情况一直是各种调查的主题。由于冲突的悠久历史和多次安抚的尝试,《和平条约》是解决受影响领土上根深蒂固的社会问题的重要机会。目的:本研究的目的是描述前战斗人员对《和平条约》的社会表征。研究方法:采用基于观察、访谈和三角测量的基本定性设计。结果:主要结果指向一个根据具体点的可变极性的社会表征,与未来建设有关的思想和信仰的优势,对产生冲突的历史问题的过渡和抵抗的有利评价。结论:得出的结论是,前战斗人员的代表性的特点是,和平同武装冲突一样,是一个有进展也有挫折的进程。
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引用次数: 0
Desfragmentación social y transmisión intergeneracional de desigualdades educativas en jóvenes colombianos 哥伦比亚青年教育不平等的社会碎片化和代际传递
Q4 SOCIAL SCIENCES, INTERDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-09-12 DOI: 10.21803/penamer.16.31.582
JUAN CARLOS MIRANDA MORALES, Sergio Maldonado Pastor, Xavier González Mejía
Introduction: This article is a partial product of the research project "Education and Equality" of the PROCARIBE Research group, within the framework of the line of research called Economics of Education, and addresses the problem of educational inequality in Colombia. This is one of the main challenges for the National Development Plan 2018- 2022, focused on peace, equity and education. Objective: Identify the challenges in terms of educational inequality that Colombia faces, especially among the young population and considering factors such as the intergenerational transmission of educational inequalities. Methodology: the article obeys a research carried out under the analytical empirical paradigm, a quantitative design and a type of explanatory research. The data were obtained from secondary information and collected by the National Department of Statistics, processed from the purification of the database and analyzed by using the Inequality Slope Index. Results: The general result indicates that the educational inequality gap between young people from different social strata has increased between 2011 and 2016, and that there is a positive correlation between the years of schooling of parents and their children, which validates the transmission hypothesis. intergenerational educational inequalities.In addition, it was possible to establish that young people who study in private institutions have a higher probability of completing ten years of schooling than those in official schools. Conclusion: In short, little progress has been made in terms of social defragmentation and better education can have a positive impact on future generations.
引言:本文是PROCARIBE研究小组“教育与平等”研究项目的部分成果,在名为“教育经济学”的研究框架内,研究哥伦比亚的教育不平等问题。这是以和平、公平和教育为重点的2018- 2022年国家发展计划面临的主要挑战之一。目标:确定哥伦比亚在教育不平等方面面临的挑战,特别是在年轻人中,并考虑诸如教育不平等的代际传递等因素。研究方法:本文遵循分析实证范式、定量设计和解释性研究。数据来源于二手资料,由国家统计局收集,经过数据库净化处理,采用不平等斜率指数进行分析。结果:总体结果表明,2011 - 2016年,不同社会阶层年轻人之间的教育不平等差距有所扩大,父母与子女的受教育年限呈正相关,验证了传导假说。代际教育不平等。此外,有可能确定在私立学校学习的年轻人比在官方学校学习的年轻人完成十年教育的可能性更高。结论:简而言之,在社会碎片化方面进展甚微,更好的教育可以对后代产生积极影响。
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引用次数: 0
Impacto generado por el Covid-19 en las MiPymes de la Orinoquia colombiana Covid-19对哥伦比亚奥里诺科河微型企业的影响
Q4 SOCIAL SCIENCES, INTERDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-09-05 DOI: 10.21803/penamer.16.31.520
Alejandro Quiñonez Mosquera, Laura Daniela Navarro Sáenz, Madeleiny Cortés Restrepo
Introduction: The world is going through an unexpected situation, which has left many companies in a precarious situation, especially Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises(MSMEs) due to the appearance of Covid-19. This virus affected the economic performance of companies, which led to a reduction in the production of goods and services in different economic sectors, therefore, economic instability caused thousands of companies to declare bankruptcy and millions of people to lose their jobs. Objective: Taking the above into account, an investigation was carried out with the objective of analyzing the impact of the Covid-19 health emergency on MSMEs registered in the jurisdictions of the Villavicencio and Casanare Chambers of Commerce. Methodology: This research developed a quantitative methodology, using the survey prepared by the Ibero-American Observatory of MSMEs. Results: The sample is 267 MSMEs. 62% of the companies surveyed consider that they will increase their sales in the next year. The sectors that perceive the impact as negative the most are tourism and other services. No impact on international trade is perceived by businessmen. Conclusion: A negative impact and the adaptability of entrepreneurs are evident. As well as the presence of business resilience and an increase in innovation.
导语:世界正在经历一个意想不到的局面,这使得许多企业处于岌岌可危的境地,特别是由于新冠肺炎的出现,中小微企业(MSMEs)。这种病毒影响了公司的经济业绩,导致不同经济部门的商品和服务产量减少,因此,经济不稳定导致数千家公司宣布破产,数百万人失去工作。目的:考虑到上述情况,开展调查,分析新冠肺炎疫情对在比亚维森西奥和卡萨纳雷商会辖区注册的中小微企业的影响。方法:本研究开发了一种定量方法,使用伊比利亚-美洲中小微企业观察站准备的调查。结果:样本为267家中小微企业。62%的受访企业认为他们将在明年增加销售额。旅游业和其他服务业受到的负面影响最大。商人们认为国际贸易没有受到影响。结论:企业家的负面影响和适应能力明显。以及商业弹性的存在和创新的增加。
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引用次数: 0
La resiliencia en el contexto universitario, un estudio mixto exploratorio 大学背景下的复原力,一项探索性混合研究
Q4 SOCIAL SCIENCES, INTERDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-06-30 DOI: 10.21803/penamer.16.31.636
Luis Alberto Monzón Pinglo, Esteban Rodríguez Torres
Introducción: los contextos educativos actuales, evidencian disímiles niveles que muestran como son variadas las problemáticas que están presentes en los estudiantes universitarios en cuanto a factores sociales y psicológicos se refiere. Dichas problemáticas emergen debido a las exigencias que, cada vez más aumentan su nivel de dificultad. De ahí la importancia de lograr un diagnóstico eficiente de los niveles de resiliencia en los educandos universitarios, que facilite el trabajo resiliente y orientador en los mismos; Objetivo: diagnosticar los niveles de resiliencia y las vías para su desarrollo en los estudiantes universitarios de la Especialidad de Ciencias Naturales de la Facultad de Ciencias Históricos Sociales y Educación en la Universidad Nacional Pedro Ruiz del Gallo; Metodología: la investigación se llevó a cabo a través de un estudio mixto exploratorio, donde se combinaron métodos de recolección y análisis, tanto cualitativo como cuantitativos, así como la producción de meta inferencias mediante los resultados obtenidos; Resultados: se evidencia como la conceptualización de la resiliencia, así como su presencia en los discursos y la propia cultura organizacional, son insuficientes; Conclusiones: la resiliencia juega un papel determinante en los contextos educacionales en la actualidad, pues contribuye favorablemente a alcanzar índices elevados en la resolución de problemáticas. Asimismo, propicia niveles efectivos de desarrollo en los estudiantes y contribuye a la disminución de afecciones como el estrés y otras afecciones que inciden en la vida estudiantil universitaria.
导言:目前的教育背景表明,不同的水平表明大学生在社会和心理因素方面存在的问题是如何变化的。这些问题的出现是因为他们的困难程度越来越高。因此,必须对大学生的复原力水平进行有效诊断,以促进他们的复原力和指导工作;目的:诊断佩德罗·鲁伊斯·德尔·加洛国立大学社会历史科学与教育学院自然科学专业大学生的复原力水平及其发展途径;方法:研究是通过一项探索性的混合研究进行的,该研究结合了定性和定量的收集和分析方法,并根据所获得的结果产生元推断;结果:复原力的概念化及其在话语和组织文化本身中的存在是不够的;结论:复原力在当今教育环境中发挥着决定性作用,因为它有助于实现解决问题的高比率。它还促进了学生的有效发展水平,并有助于减少压力和其他影响大学生生活的条件。
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引用次数: 1
La descentralización de las capacidades de ciencia, tecnología e innovación (CTi) en Colombia 哥伦比亚科学、技术和创新能力的权力下放
Q4 SOCIAL SCIENCES, INTERDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.21803/penamer.16.31.517
Jhon Fredy Escobar Soto, Diego Fernando Ramírez Guerrero
Introducción: los recursos de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación (CTi) en Colombia han sido tradicionalmente destinados a las universidades y centros de investigación de las ciudades más grandes del país, en donde se encuentran la mayoría de los investigadores con formación de alto nivel. Dado que esto representa una distorsión frente a criterios de política pública de crecimiento armónico y la generación de capacidades. Objetivo: el artículo busca presentar cómo tradicionalmente se ha realizado dicha distribución desde el Ministerio de Ciencia Tecnología e Innovación (Minciencias) a proyectos de CTi en el país (2014-2018) y cómo en un proceso coordinado, es posible descentralizar capacidades aprovechando el recurso humano vinculado a la Sociedad de Doctores e Investigadores de Colombia (SoPhIC). Metodología: Para lograrlo se utilizaron técnicas de análisis geoespacial y de correlaciones de los indicadores de competitividad, categoría departamental e índice de Gini. Resultados: se evidenciaron las capacidades y disponibilidad de recurso humano, en función de los servicios que pueden ser ofrecidos desde y para dichas regiones. Conclusión: Estos hallazgos mostraron la posibilidad y necesidad de descentralizar los recursos para aprovechar eficientemente el recurso humano altamente calificado.
导言:哥伦比亚的科学、技术和创新资源传统上分配给该国最大城市的大学和研究中心,那里有大多数受过高等教育的研究人员。因为这代表了对和谐增长和能力建设公共政策标准的扭曲。目的:本文旨在介绍科学技术和创新部(Minciencias)如何传统上将其分配给该国的科技创新项目(2014-2018年),以及在协调的过程中,如何通过利用与哥伦比亚医生和研究人员协会(SOFIC)相关的人力资源来分散能力。方法:为此,使用了地理空间分析技术和竞争力指标、部门类别和基尼指数的相关性。结果:根据这些地区可以提供的服务,证明了人力资源的能力和可用性。结论:这些发现表明了分散资源以有效利用高技能人力资源的可能性和必要性。
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引用次数: 0
Aprendizaje basado en proyectos en la asignatura de Estrategia de Operaciones 基于项目的学习在操作策略课程中的应用
Q4 SOCIAL SCIENCES, INTERDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-05-29 DOI: 10.21803/penamer.16.31.571
Mildred Domínguez Santiago, Loraine Bruges Martinez, Andrés Porto Solano, Angie Cervantes Wilches
Introducción: El aprendizaje basado en proyectos en una estrategia de enseñanza que promueve el aprendizaje experiencial y situado en los estudiantes. Objetivo: La presente investigación tiene como objetivo conocer cuál es la percepción de los estudiantes frente a la implementación del Aprendizaje Basado en Proyectos (ABP) en la asignatura de Estrategias de Operaciones de la Universidad del Norte en el periodo 2020-03. Metodología: para tal fin se implementó un método de investigación cuantitativa a 65 estudiantes utilizando como herramienta un formulario con preguntas tanto abiertas como cerradas tipo Likert donde se busca indagar sobre su grado de satisfacción y posición frente a diversos aspectos referentes a la asignatura. Resultados: Los resultados demuestran un grado alto de satisfacción de los estudiantes frente a la metodología de clase en línea como también frente al ejercicio de simulación de empresa enmarcado en el ABP de manera en que encuentran el ejercicio útil para el aprendizaje de la asignatura y las temáticas relacionadas. Conclusión: Se puede concluir que los cambios y mejoras tuvieron un efecto positivo en las variables estudiadas, específicamente en satisfacción con la experiencia de aprendizaje y la motivación.
导论:以项目为基础的学习教学策略,促进以学生为中心的体验式学习。目的:本研究旨在了解2020-03年北方大学运营策略课程中学生对项目基础学习(pbl)实施的看法。方法:为此,我们采用定量研究的方法,对65名学生进行问卷调查,问卷包括开放式和封闭式李克特问题,旨在询问他们对学科各个方面的满意度和地位。结果:结果表明一年级学生满意度高,面对类方法前线以及行使公司模拟框架都在ABP如何锻炼有益于学习课程和相关专题。结论:可以得出结论,变化和改进对所研究的变量有积极的影响,特别是在学习经验满意度和动机方面。
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引用次数: 0
The Quality of Life of Latinos in New Zealand: Defining their Quality of Life 新西兰拉美裔人的生活质量:定义他们的生活质量
Q4 SOCIAL SCIENCES, INTERDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-05-11 DOI: 10.21803/penamer.16.31.491
Alfredo José López Severiche
Introduction: This research explores how Latin American refugees and immigrants living in New Zealand define the quality of life. The main reason for conducting this investigation was the lack of academic research on Latin American refugees and Immigrants in New Zealand. Objective: The purpose of this research is to contribute to the development of research on Latin American people in New Zealand, to discover the factors that impact the quality of life of these people in New Zealand, and what can be done to improve their quality of life. Methodology: Ethnographic and autoethnographic were the methodologies used in this study. Also, 20 semi-structured interviews were conducted with 20 participants. Results: The findings of this research show that the definitions of quality of life given by the participants are aligned with those of the academic literature. For example, the participants believe that quality of life means having sufficient financial resources to live with dignity. They also think that it is necessary to feel at peace, tranquillity, happy and safe to enjoy a true quality of life. Conclusion: In summary, this research presents the definitions of quality of life given by Latin American refugees and immigrants in New Zealand and the factors that contribute to quality of life
引言:这项研究探讨了居住在新西兰的拉丁美洲难民和移民如何定义生活质量。进行这项调查的主要原因是缺乏对新西兰境内拉丁美洲难民和移民的学术研究。目的:本研究的目的是为发展对新西兰拉丁美洲人的研究做出贡献,发现影响新西兰这些人生活质量的因素,以及如何提高他们的生活质量。方法论:民族志和民族志是本研究使用的方法论。此外,对20名参与者进行了20次半结构化访谈。结果:本研究结果表明,参与者对生活质量的定义与学术文献一致。例如,与会者认为,生活质量意味着有足够的经济资源过上有尊严的生活。他们还认为,有必要感到平静、安宁、幸福和安全,才能享受真正的生活质量。结论:总之,本研究介绍了在新西兰的拉丁美洲难民和移民对生活质量的定义,以及影响生活质量的因素
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引用次数: 0
Acceder a los servicios de salud: la mirada de migrantes del Chocó a Medellín 获得医疗服务:从choco到medellin的移民视角
Q4 SOCIAL SCIENCES, INTERDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-03-02 DOI: 10.21803/penamer.16.31.521
Keyra Liseth Asprilla Córdoba, Gino Montenegro Martínez
Introducción: Migrar internamente implica afrontar una serie de condiciones que impiden o retrasan la utilización de los servicios relacionados con el bienestar, entre ellos, los servicios de salud; ii) objetivo: Comprender las barreras de acceso a los servicios de salud desde la perspectiva de migrantes del Chocó residentes en Medellín.; iii) metodología: Estudio cualitativo, se realizaron dos grupos focales en donde participaron 13 personas con experiencia migratoria del departamento del Chocó a Medellín-; iv) resultados: La población migrante afrocolombiana experimenta barreras a la entrada por no encontrarse asegurados al sistema general de seguridad social en salud, por negación en la prestación del servicio, por falta de información y por accesibilidad geográfica desfavorable. Al interior de los servicios de salud, las barreras están asociadas al color de piel y por retraso o negación de autorización para procedimientos; v) conclusiones: La población migrante experimenta barreras en el acceso a los servicios de salud. Se requiere el abordaje intersectorial de este problema, teniendo en cuenta las particularidades del contexto migratorio en el país en donde se transversalizan asuntos como empleo, educación y la violencia por actores armados, entre otros.
导言:内部移民意味着面临一系列条件,这些条件阻碍或推迟使用与福利有关的服务,包括卫生服务;二目标:从居住在麦德林的冲突移民的角度了解获得卫生服务的障碍。;三方法:定性研究,进行了两个重点小组,13名有从乔科到麦德林移民经验的人参加了小组;四结果:非裔哥伦比亚移民人口因没有参加一般社会保障制度的健康保险、拒绝提供服务、缺乏信息和地理上的无障碍而面临进入障碍。在卫生服务部门内部,障碍与肤色以及程序授权的延迟或拒绝有关;v) 结论:移民人口在获得保健服务方面遇到障碍。需要对这一问题采取跨部门的办法,同时考虑到该国移民背景的特殊性,在该国,就业、教育和武装行为者的暴力等问题被纳入主流。
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引用次数: 0
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