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Latin American Architectural History: Reading Between the Lines, Opening Opportunities 拉丁美洲建筑史:字里行间的阅读,开放的机会
2区 历史学 0 ARCHITECTURE Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1017/arh.2023.13
Felipe Hernández
EDITORIAL NOTE This review article marks a departure for the journal — the start of an occasional series looking at areas often given inadequate attention in the pages of Architectural History . While the United Kingdom, Europe, United States and (at least some of) the countries of the former British empire are generally well covered in the journal, other parts of the world are not, and of these Latin America is perhaps the most conspicuous. This is partly for historical linguistic reasons (most research on Latin America is written in either Spanish or Portuguese) and partly because, when English-language publication is considered, the overwhelming influence of the US in this region means that the magnet of American publication is almost irresistible. This has meant that both Architectural History and the broader discipline as it exists in the UK have missed out on an important area of architectural-historical research and debate. To address this — to bring the architecture of Latin America to the attention of our readers and, conversely, to bring our journal to the attention of researchers in the region — the editorial board invited the Colombian-born architect Felipe Hernández, associate professor at Cambridge and member of the editorial board of Architectural History , to introduce the fascinating work of this continent and the wider issues it raises for the discipline.
编者按:这篇评论文章标志着该杂志的一个开端——开始了一个偶然的系列,关注那些在建筑史上经常被忽视的领域。虽然英国、欧洲、美国和(至少部分)前大英帝国的国家在杂志上得到了很好的报道,但世界其他地区却没有,其中拉丁美洲可能是最引人注目的。这部分是由于历史上的语言原因(大多数关于拉丁美洲的研究都是用西班牙语或葡萄牙语撰写的),部分原因是,当考虑到英语出版物时,美国在该地区的压倒性影响力意味着美国出版物的吸引力几乎是不可抗拒的。这意味着建筑史和更广泛的学科,因为它存在于英国,已经错过了建筑历史研究和辩论的一个重要领域。为了解决这个问题——让我们的读者注意到拉丁美洲的建筑,反过来,让我们的杂志引起该地区研究人员的注意——编委会邀请了哥伦比亚出生的建筑师Felipe Hernández,剑桥大学副教授和建筑史编委会成员,介绍这个大陆的迷人工作以及它为该学科提出的更广泛的问题。
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引用次数: 0
Cammy Brothers, Giuliano da Sangallo and the Ruins of Rome (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2022), 310 pp. incl. 210 colour and 53 b&w ills, ISBN 978069113793, £62 Cammy Brothers, Giuliano da Sangallo and the Ruins of Rome (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2022), 310 pp.
2区 历史学 0 ARCHITECTURE Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1017/arh.2023.16
Richard Schofield
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引用次数: 0
G. A. Bremner, Building Greater Britain: Architecture, Imperialism, and the Edwardian Baroque Revival c. 1885–1920 (London: Yale University Press for the Paul Mellon Centre for Studies in British Art, 2022), 356 pp. incl. 298 colour and b&w ills, ISBN 9781913107314, £50 G. A. Bremner,《建筑大不列颠:建筑、帝国主义和爱德华七世巴洛克复兴c. 1885-1920》(伦敦:耶鲁大学出版社,保罗·梅隆英国艺术研究中心,2022年),356页,包括298彩色和b&装订,ISBN 9781913107314, 50英镑
2区 历史学 0 ARCHITECTURE Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1017/arh.2023.26
Mark Crinson
G. A. Bremner, Building Greater Britain: Architecture, Imperialism, and the Edwardian Baroque Revival c. 1885–1920 (London: Yale University Press for the Paul Mellon Centre for Studies in British Art, 2022), 356 pp. incl. 298 colour and b&w ills, ISBN 9781913107314, £50 - Volume 66
G. A. Bremner,建筑大不列颠:建筑,帝国主义和爱德华七世巴洛克复兴约1885年至1920年(伦敦:耶鲁大学出版社保罗·梅隆英国艺术研究中心,2022年),356页,包括298彩色和b&w; ISBN 9781913107314, 50英镑-第66卷
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引用次数: 0
The Castellated Façade of Montepulciano’s Palazzo Comunale, 1440: An Image of Florentine Territorial Hegemony 蒙特普尔恰诺的市政宫的城堡式建筑,1440:佛罗伦萨领土霸权的形象
2区 历史学 0 ARCHITECTURE Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1017/arh.2023.2
Koching Chao
ABSTRACT This article explores the connection between the castellated façade of Montepulciano’s Palazzo Comunale and Florence’s development into a territorial state in the mid-fifteenth century. In 1440, the comune of Montepulciano commissioned a new façade for its town hall from the prominent Florentine architect Michelozzo. While scholars have widely accepted Michelozzo’s design as an imitation of Florence’s Palazzo della Signoria, hitherto unpublished documents preserved in Montepulciano’s Biblioteca Comunale e Archivio Storico ’Piero Calamandrei’ enable further interpretation of the town hall’s fortress-like profile from a geopolitical and military perspective. According to the new textual evidence, Montepulciano maintained a close cooperation with the Dieci di Balìa — Florence’s war committee — from the late 1430s onwards and contributed to its military efforts against Milan, which climaxed in the battle of Anghiari the same year that the façade renovation was initiated. In view of Florence’s decisive victory in the battle, this article argues that the familiar castellated appearance of the new façade was a celebratory manifestation of the city’s military pride and that this was shared by the town. The architecture of the town hall can also be seen as testifying to the role played by castellation in expressing Florence’s territorial ideology.
本文探讨了15世纪中叶,蒙特普尔恰诺(Montepulciano)的市政宫(Palazzo Comunale)的城堡式建筑与佛罗伦萨发展成为一个领土国家之间的联系。1440年,蒙特普尔恰诺镇委托著名的佛罗伦萨建筑师米开朗基罗佐为其市政厅设计了新的立面。虽然学者们普遍认为Michelozzo的设计是对佛罗伦萨贵族宫(Palazzo della Signoria)的模仿,但在Montepulciano的Biblioteca Comunale e Archivio Storico ' Piero Calamandrei '中保存的迄今未发表的文件可以从地缘政治和军事角度进一步解释市政厅的堡垒般的轮廓。根据新的文本证据,蒙特普尔恰诺与佛罗伦萨战争委员会Balìa (Dieci di Balìa)从14世纪30年代末开始保持密切合作,并为其对米兰的军事努力做出了贡献,这一努力在同一年的Anghiari战役中达到高潮,而farade的翻修工作也开始了。鉴于佛罗伦萨在战斗中取得了决定性的胜利,这篇文章认为,熟悉的城堡状的新faade外观是城市军事自豪感的庆祝表现,这是由城镇共享。市政厅的建筑也可以被看作是城堡制度在表达佛罗伦萨领土意识形态方面所扮演的角色的证明。
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引用次数: 0
Stuart Evans and Jean Liddiard, Arts and Crafts Pioneers: The Hobby Horse Men and their Century Guild (London: Lund Humphries, 2021), 224 pp. incl. 55 colour and 95 b&w ills, ISBN 9781848224513, £35 Stuart Evans和Jean Liddiard,艺术和工艺先驱:嗜好马人和他们的世纪公会(伦敦:Lund Humphries, 2021), 224页,包括55彩色和95 b&w, ISBN 9781848224513, 35英镑
2区 历史学 0 ARCHITECTURE Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1017/arh.2023.24
Andrew Saint
Stuart Evans and Jean Liddiard, Arts and Crafts Pioneers: The Hobby Horse Men and their Century Guild (London: Lund Humphries, 2021), 224 pp. incl. 55 colour and 95 b&w ills, ISBN 9781848224513, £35 - Volume 66
Stuart Evans和Jean Liddiard,艺术和工艺先驱:爱好马人和他们的世纪公会(伦敦:Lund Humphries, 2021), 224页,包括55色和95 b&w, ISBN 9781848224513,£35 -第66卷
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引用次数: 0
Irit Katz, The Common Camp: Architecture of Power and Resistance in Israel-Palestine (Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota Press, 2022), xiv and 376 pp. incl. 100 b&w ills, ISBN 9781517907167, £125 (hardback); ISBN 9781517907174, £29.99 (paperback) Irit Katz, The Common Camp:The Common Camp: Architecture of Power and Resistance in Israel-Palestine (Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota Press, 2022), xiv and 376 pp.
2区 历史学 0 ARCHITECTURE Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1017/arh.2023.28
Andrea Canclini, Aya Jazaierly
Irit Katz, The Common Camp: Architecture of Power and Resistance in Israel-Palestine (Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota Press, 2022), xiv and 376 pp. incl. 100 b&w ills, ISBN 9781517907167, £125 (hardback); ISBN 9781517907174, £29.99 (paperback) - Volume 66
Irit Katz, The Common Camp:The Common Camp: Architecture of Power and Resistance in Israel-Palestine (Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota Press, 2022), xiv and 376 pp.
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引用次数: 0
The Interior Topography of the Picturesque: Level Changes and Stepped Floors in James Wyatt’s Dodington Park and Ashridge House 风景如画的内部地形:詹姆斯·怀亚特的多顿公园和阿什里奇住宅的水平变化和阶梯地板
2区 历史学 0 ARCHITECTURE Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1017/arh.2023.8
Rebecca Tropp
ABSTRACT The picturesque aesthetic of the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries in Britain, as manifested in country house architecture, often involved moving the principal floor from an elevated piano nobile down to ground level, lowering one’s visual perspective and facilitating more direct movement between house and garden. While these developments are well recognised in the literature, one repercussion for architects has been largely overlooked: how to deal, in both practical and aesthetic terms, with the vertical challenges posed for a groundlevel principal floor by uneven terrain or pre-existing fabric. A particularly interesting case study is provided by the work of James Wyatt at two very different houses, the classical Dodington Park (1796–1813) and gothic Ashridge House (1807–13), through his carefully conceived and implemented use of small interior level changes, or stepped floors. Although the initial problems were similar, Wyatt’s solutions differed markedly in response to the demands of each commission; they also contrasted with the various approaches adopted by contemporaries such as Humphry Repton, John Nash and John Soane. Overall, this article suggests both the scholarly challenges, and the importance, of devoting enhanced attention to the interior topography of the picturesque experience.
18世纪末和19世纪初,英国的乡村住宅建筑体现了如画般的美学,通常将主楼从高架钢琴移到地面,降低了人们的视觉视角,促进了房屋和花园之间更直接的运动。虽然这些发展在文献中得到了很好的认可,但建筑师们在很大程度上忽视了一个影响:如何在实践和美学方面应对不平坦的地形或预先存在的织物对底层主要楼层构成的垂直挑战。詹姆斯·怀亚特(James Wyatt)在两个非常不同的房子里的工作提供了一个特别有趣的案例研究,古典的多顿公园(1796-1813)和哥特式的阿什里奇住宅(1807-13),通过他精心构思和实施的小室内水平变化或阶梯地板的使用。虽然最初的问题是相似的,但怀亚特的解决方案在回应每个委员会的要求时明显不同;他们还与同时代的汉弗莱·雷普顿、约翰·纳什和约翰·索恩等人采用的各种方法进行了对比。总之,这篇文章提出了学术上的挑战,以及加强对风景如画的体验的内部地形的关注的重要性。
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引用次数: 0
Antonio da Sangallo the Younger and St Peter’s Keys: Building Technology and Vitruvian Theory 小安东尼奥·达·桑加洛和圣彼得的钥匙:建筑技术和维特鲁威理论
2区 历史学 0 ARCHITECTURE Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1017/arh.2023.3
Samuel Holzman, Carolyn Yerkes
ABSTRACT This article reconstructs an exceptional lifting device — a cruciform lewis — drawn by Antonio da Sangallo the Younger (1484–1546) at St Peter’s Basilica in Rome and connects it to the other drawings, mainly of Vitruvian theory, on the same sheet (now in the Uffizi in Florence). Elements of this sheet, dated to January 1542, have been studied in isolation, but this article connects them, underscoring how Sangallo’s theoretical interests in the art of building and the practicalities of masonry construction were inseparable. A question posed by the sheet is whether it documents Sangallo’s archaeological discoveries of ancient Roman tools or presents newly contrived ones — categories that Sangallo’s drawings move fluidly between. His studies should be understood in relation to the immediate problems that he faced on the building site of St Peter’s and within the broader context of other Renaissance drawings of machines, such as those by Francesco di Giorgio and Leonardo da Vinci.
本文重建了一个特殊的升降装置——十字形路易斯,这是小安东尼奥·达·桑加洛(Antonio da Sangallo the Younger, 1484-1546)在罗马圣彼得大教堂绘制的,并将其与其他图纸联系起来,主要是维特鲁威理论,在同一张纸上(现在在佛罗伦萨乌菲齐美术馆)。这张纸的日期为1542年1月,其中的元素曾被单独研究过,但这篇文章将它们联系起来,强调了桑加洛对建筑艺术的理论兴趣与砖石建筑的实用性是密不可分的。这张纸提出的一个问题是,它是记录了桑加洛对古罗马工具的考古发现,还是展示了新发明的工具——桑加洛的画作在这两类工具之间流畅地移动。他的研究应该与他在圣彼得大教堂建筑工地所面临的直接问题以及其他文艺复兴时期的机器绘画(如弗朗西斯科·迪·乔治和列奥纳多·达·芬奇的作品)的更广泛背景联系起来理解。
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引用次数: 0
Vale of Leven: Britain’s First National Health Service Hospital, 1951–55 利文谷:英国第一所国家卫生服务医院,1951-55年
2区 历史学 0 ARCHITECTURE Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1017/arh.2023.12
Harriet Richardson Blakeman
ABSTRACT While some of the major hospitals built in Britain following the creation of the National Health Service have attracted scholarly attention, Vale of Leven — the first NHS hospital — has been largely overlooked. Erected in 1952–55 at Alexandria, to the northwest of Glasgow, it was built with funds provided by the civil defence budget and was designed as both a potential emergency hospital during wartime and a peacetime general hospital to meet the needs of the local population. The architect, Joseph L. Gleave (1907–65), regarded the project as an opportunity to design a hospital based on the principles of the modern movement and, when it opened, it was applauded as the first ’modern’ hospital built by the NHS. As with the emergency hospitals built at the outset of the second world war, the design was based on a separation between circulation (the ’spine’) and accommodation, which comprised standardised but expandable modular units plugged into the spine, allowing flexibility for future change. Although Vale of Leven Hospital was not replicated, aspects of its planning and design were influential in the short term, and its legacy can be seen in the more compact standardised model of the nucleus hospitals developed in the 1970s.
英国国家医疗服务体系建立后,一些大型医院引起了学术界的关注,而第一家NHS医院——利文谷医院却在很大程度上被忽视了。该医院建于1952-55年,位于格拉斯哥西北部的亚历山大,由民防预算提供资金建造,设计为战时潜在的急救医院和和平时期的综合医院,以满足当地居民的需求。建筑师Joseph L. Gleave(1907 - 1965)认为这个项目是一个基于现代运动原则设计医院的机会,当它开放时,它被称赞为由NHS建造的第一家“现代”医院。与第二次世界大战开始时建造的急救医院一样,该设计基于循环(“脊柱”)和住宿之间的分离,其中包括插入脊柱的标准化但可扩展的模块化单元,允许未来变化的灵活性。虽然Leven河谷医院没有被复制,但其规划和设计的各个方面在短期内产生了影响,其遗产可以从20世纪70年代开发的更紧凑的标准化核心医院模型中看到。
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引用次数: 0
Conor Lucey, ed., House and Home in Georgian Ireland: Spaces and Cultures of Domestic Life (Dublin: Four Courts Press, 2022), 216 pp. incl. colour ills, ISBN 9781801510264, €45 Conor Lucey编辑,格鲁吉亚爱尔兰的房子和家:家庭生活的空间和文化(都柏林:四法院出版社,2022),216页,包括彩色疾病,ISBN 9781801510264,€45
2区 历史学 0 ARCHITECTURE Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1017/arh.2023.19
Anna Moran
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引用次数: 0
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ARCHITECTURAL HISTORY
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