Pub Date : 2023-10-01DOI: 10.1215/00138282-10782088
Uzma Falak
Abstract Despite its centrality as a locus of both occupation and resistance in Kashmir, the inquiry into time has received scant academic attention. This essay undertakes two lines of inquiry. First, it attempts to foreground the temporal extraction integral to the Indian state’s matrix of control, arguing that its military occupation and settler-colonial project in Kashmir operates not only through the logics of spatial control but also through a control over time. The state has not only tried to erase people out of their own futures but also weaponized the idea of future itself—as a site of a permanent and multimodal extraction. Second, Kashmir’s liberation praxis is anchored on a rejection of an occupational and settler-colonial temporal order and, through two ethnographic fragments, this essay explores enactments of alternate temporal imaginaries and consciousness and foregrounds multiple registers of “in-betweenness” within this imaginary. The essay redirects attention from future as an event or a discrete unit of time, and from its not-yetness, toward the intimate and everyday articulations and enactments of future—a complex ongoing process of becoming and unbecoming unfolding in the everyday. Thus the essay calls for reimagining “ruptures”—instead of “futures”—as a locus of liberation.
{"title":"Resisting the Clockwork of Occupation","authors":"Uzma Falak","doi":"10.1215/00138282-10782088","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1215/00138282-10782088","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Despite its centrality as a locus of both occupation and resistance in Kashmir, the inquiry into time has received scant academic attention. This essay undertakes two lines of inquiry. First, it attempts to foreground the temporal extraction integral to the Indian state’s matrix of control, arguing that its military occupation and settler-colonial project in Kashmir operates not only through the logics of spatial control but also through a control over time. The state has not only tried to erase people out of their own futures but also weaponized the idea of future itself—as a site of a permanent and multimodal extraction. Second, Kashmir’s liberation praxis is anchored on a rejection of an occupational and settler-colonial temporal order and, through two ethnographic fragments, this essay explores enactments of alternate temporal imaginaries and consciousness and foregrounds multiple registers of “in-betweenness” within this imaginary. The essay redirects attention from future as an event or a discrete unit of time, and from its not-yetness, toward the intimate and everyday articulations and enactments of future—a complex ongoing process of becoming and unbecoming unfolding in the everyday. Thus the essay calls for reimagining “ruptures”—instead of “futures”—as a locus of liberation.","PeriodicalId":43905,"journal":{"name":"ENGLISH LANGUAGE NOTES","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136128580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-01DOI: 10.1215/00138282-10782132
Nan Goodman
{"title":"Literature and #MeToo","authors":"Nan Goodman","doi":"10.1215/00138282-10782132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1215/00138282-10782132","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43905,"journal":{"name":"ENGLISH LANGUAGE NOTES","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136152724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract This roundtable showcases how different Asian, Pacific Islander, and Indigenous communities in Colorado are fighting for sovereignty of their homelands. It reorients the question of “homelands” to highlight the experiences of communities whose homelands remain occupied by settler-colonial and imperial nation-states, like the United States, India, Israel, and China. Participants speak to the struggles of sovereignty of their communities and communities they work with, unsettling epistemological frameworks to disrupt normative understandings of home, migration, and diaspora.
{"title":"Decolonial Futures","authors":"Faye Caronan, Natalie Avalos, Kealohilani Minami, Meta Sarmiento, Reema Wahdan, Ather Zia, Nishant Upadhyay","doi":"10.1215/00138282-10782121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1215/00138282-10782121","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This roundtable showcases how different Asian, Pacific Islander, and Indigenous communities in Colorado are fighting for sovereignty of their homelands. It reorients the question of “homelands” to highlight the experiences of communities whose homelands remain occupied by settler-colonial and imperial nation-states, like the United States, India, Israel, and China. Participants speak to the struggles of sovereignty of their communities and communities they work with, unsettling epistemological frameworks to disrupt normative understandings of home, migration, and diaspora.","PeriodicalId":43905,"journal":{"name":"ENGLISH LANGUAGE NOTES","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136128571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-01Epub Date: 2023-07-30DOI: 10.5187/jast.2022.e126
Si Nae Cheon, Geun-Woo Park, Kyu-Hyun Park, Jung Hwan Jeon
This study was conducted to investigate the change in activity and mounting behavior in Hanwoo (Korean Native Cattle) during the peri-estrus period and its application to estrus detection. A total of 20 Hanwoo cows were fitted with a neck-collar accelerometer device, which measured the location and acceleration of cow movements and recorded the number of instances of mounting behavior by the altitude data. The data were analyzed in three periods (24-, 6-, and 2-h periods). Blood samples were collected for 5 days after the prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α) injection, and the concentrations of estradiol, progesterone, follicle-stimulating hormone, and luteinizing hormone were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Activity and mounting behavior recorded over 2-h periods significantly increased as estrus approached and were more efficient at detecting estrus than over 24- and 6-h periods (p < 0.05). Endocrine patterns did not differ with the variation of individual cows during the peri-estrus period (p > 0.05). Activity was selected as the best predictor through stepwise discriminant analysis. However, activity alone is not enough to detect estrus. We suggest that a combination of activity and mounting behavior may improve estrus detection efficiency in Hanwoo. Further research is necessary to validate the findings on a larger sample size.
{"title":"Peri-estrus activity and mounting behavior and its application to estrus detection in Hanwoo (Korea Native Cattle).","authors":"Si Nae Cheon, Geun-Woo Park, Kyu-Hyun Park, Jung Hwan Jeon","doi":"10.5187/jast.2022.e126","DOIUrl":"10.5187/jast.2022.e126","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study was conducted to investigate the change in activity and mounting behavior in Hanwoo (Korean Native Cattle) during the peri-estrus period and its application to estrus detection. A total of 20 Hanwoo cows were fitted with a neck-collar accelerometer device, which measured the location and acceleration of cow movements and recorded the number of instances of mounting behavior by the altitude data. The data were analyzed in three periods (24-, 6-, and 2-h periods). Blood samples were collected for 5 days after the prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α) injection, and the concentrations of estradiol, progesterone, follicle-stimulating hormone, and luteinizing hormone were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Activity and mounting behavior recorded over 2-h periods significantly increased as estrus approached and were more efficient at detecting estrus than over 24- and 6-h periods (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Endocrine patterns did not differ with the variation of individual cows during the peri-estrus period (<i>p</i> > 0.05). Activity was selected as the best predictor through stepwise discriminant analysis. However, activity alone is not enough to detect estrus. We suggest that a combination of activity and mounting behavior may improve estrus detection efficiency in Hanwoo. Further research is necessary to validate the findings on a larger sample size.</p>","PeriodicalId":43905,"journal":{"name":"ENGLISH LANGUAGE NOTES","volume":"37 1","pages":"748-758"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10640956/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88893792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-02DOI: 10.1215/00138282-10293096
Jason Gladstone, Nan Goodman, Karim Mattar
Abstract:This introduction charts the editors' evolving understanding of the implications of the COVID-19 pandemic for literary studies in the real time of the crisis. Oriented around the themes of friendship and community, the introduction articulates the overall ambition of the issue as one of maintaining an engaged intellectual community during the isolation imposed by the pandemic. Foregrounding narrative as the issue's major emphasis, it describes how the issue engages with pandemic storytelling in relation to literary history and literary production, environmental literary studies, and higher education and the profession. Finally, it provides an overview of the issue's sections and essays.
{"title":"Introduction: Iterations of Friendship and Community","authors":"Jason Gladstone, Nan Goodman, Karim Mattar","doi":"10.1215/00138282-10293096","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1215/00138282-10293096","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:This introduction charts the editors' evolving understanding of the implications of the COVID-19 pandemic for literary studies in the real time of the crisis. Oriented around the themes of friendship and community, the introduction articulates the overall ambition of the issue as one of maintaining an engaged intellectual community during the isolation imposed by the pandemic. Foregrounding narrative as the issue's major emphasis, it describes how the issue engages with pandemic storytelling in relation to literary history and literary production, environmental literary studies, and higher education and the profession. Finally, it provides an overview of the issue's sections and essays.","PeriodicalId":43905,"journal":{"name":"ENGLISH LANGUAGE NOTES","volume":"61 1","pages":"1 - 16"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45519100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-01DOI: 10.1215/00138282-10293140
Kelly L. Bezio
Abstract:This essay explores the potential for literary history to be useful as a part of epidemiological sleuthing. It considers how an imperative to employ social determinants of health frameworks incites movement away from epidemiological plots, particularly the forward trajectory of the outbreak narrative and its privileging of containment as the solution to emerging infections. Instead, opportunities arise to explore how data about the history of present-day structural inequities offer better ways to combat the deleterious effects of outbreaks. Through an analysis of Harriet Wilson's novel Our Nig, this essay lays out provisional ways in which literary history and those with expertise in it may prove an untapped resource for increasing our knowledge of how to prevent disproportionate risk of disease, debility, and death for people of color.
{"title":"Considering Epidemiology's Need for Literary History","authors":"Kelly L. Bezio","doi":"10.1215/00138282-10293140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1215/00138282-10293140","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:This essay explores the potential for literary history to be useful as a part of epidemiological sleuthing. It considers how an imperative to employ social determinants of health frameworks incites movement away from epidemiological plots, particularly the forward trajectory of the outbreak narrative and its privileging of containment as the solution to emerging infections. Instead, opportunities arise to explore how data about the history of present-day structural inequities offer better ways to combat the deleterious effects of outbreaks. Through an analysis of Harriet Wilson's novel Our Nig, this essay lays out provisional ways in which literary history and those with expertise in it may prove an untapped resource for increasing our knowledge of how to prevent disproportionate risk of disease, debility, and death for people of color.","PeriodicalId":43905,"journal":{"name":"ENGLISH LANGUAGE NOTES","volume":"61 1","pages":"40 - 50"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47356254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-01DOI: 10.1215/00138282-10293184
Christina Katopodis
Abstract:This essay draws on the author's experiences teaching in the fall of 2020 and serving as associate director of the City University of New York's Transformative Learning in the Humanities initiative to propose and describe an "environmental" or "habitable pedagogy" for the twenty-first century.
{"title":"Teaching for a Habitable Future with Octavia Butler's Parable of the Sower: \"We'll Have to Seed Ourselves Farther and Farther from This Dying Place\"","authors":"Christina Katopodis","doi":"10.1215/00138282-10293184","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1215/00138282-10293184","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:This essay draws on the author's experiences teaching in the fall of 2020 and serving as associate director of the City University of New York's Transformative Learning in the Humanities initiative to propose and describe an \"environmental\" or \"habitable pedagogy\" for the twenty-first century.","PeriodicalId":43905,"journal":{"name":"ENGLISH LANGUAGE NOTES","volume":"61 1","pages":"77 - 94"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42394517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-01DOI: 10.1215/00138282-10293173
Barbara Fuchs
Abstract:This essay discusses the challenges and opportunities of scholarly research during the pandemic, focusing on the author's experience of researching and writing Theater of Lockdown: Digital and Distanced Performance in a Time of Pandemic (2021).
{"title":"Theater in Lockdown, or a Performance-Studies Paradox","authors":"Barbara Fuchs","doi":"10.1215/00138282-10293173","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1215/00138282-10293173","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:This essay discusses the challenges and opportunities of scholarly research during the pandemic, focusing on the author's experience of researching and writing Theater of Lockdown: Digital and Distanced Performance in a Time of Pandemic (2021).","PeriodicalId":43905,"journal":{"name":"ENGLISH LANGUAGE NOTES","volume":"61 1","pages":"70 - 76"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48851011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-01DOI: 10.1215/00138282-10293228
L. Smith
O n January 6, 2021, many learned themeaning of theword insurrection for the first time. When a violent mob stormed the US Capitol, captured on live television, words did not come easy. Insurrection sounds so antiquated, so out of the realm of possibility! Yet in front of our eyes, individuals wielding weapons and dressed in tactical gear, homemade costumes, and “Make America Great Again” T-shirts overwhelmed police barriers and threatened lawmakers who were voting to certify Joe Biden’s victory as the forty-sixth president. Americans still do not agree on what they saw that day or what it means. Two articles exploring literature of liberation point toward the long history of insurrection as a pathway to freedom, albeit pursued by those in different positions from the January 6 rioters. These two articles, “‘The Fate of St. DomingoAwaits You’: RobertWedderburn’sUnfinishedRevolution,” by Shelby Johnson, and “PhillisWheatley on the Streets of Revolutionary Boston and in the AtlanticWorld,” by Betsy Erkkila, bring to light similar ways that Wedderburn and Wheatley unsettle tyrannical racial hierarchies in their writing, portending through imaginative and literal political resistance an assured liberation.1 Bringing these articles into conversation with an episode of the Why Is This Happening? podcast featuring Ta-Nehisi Coates and ChrisHayes, recorded a day after the January 6 attack, can help disentangle differing notions of freedom that drive these case studies of insurrection and make us more aware of the practice of liberation as ongoing.2 On January 6 the “freedom” that insurrectionists championedwas not articulated clearly, but the attackers weremotivated by a general unwillingness to accept a futuristic America: a pluralistic, progressive democracy with the broad participation of diverse peoples (peoples who are often the targets of Donald Trump’s ire). While the attack was certainly planned, it wasnot well organized;many who gatheredwerewithout a clear purpose aside from disrupting the peaceful transfer of power from Trump to Biden. Wedderburn’s and Wheatley’s embrace of insurrection, on the other hand, is driven by commitment to freedom unbound by systems (economic, political, national) that hinge on racial hierarchies (slavery most egregiously). For Wedderburn and Wheatley, liberation is not about who leads in a particular historical moment but about who is empowered in a transformative future. In their conversation, Coates and Hayes are earnest in their assertion that what happened on January 6 is not as unprecedented as it may seem; America is a
{"title":"On Insurrections","authors":"L. Smith","doi":"10.1215/00138282-10293228","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1215/00138282-10293228","url":null,"abstract":"O n January 6, 2021, many learned themeaning of theword insurrection for the first time. When a violent mob stormed the US Capitol, captured on live television, words did not come easy. Insurrection sounds so antiquated, so out of the realm of possibility! Yet in front of our eyes, individuals wielding weapons and dressed in tactical gear, homemade costumes, and “Make America Great Again” T-shirts overwhelmed police barriers and threatened lawmakers who were voting to certify Joe Biden’s victory as the forty-sixth president. Americans still do not agree on what they saw that day or what it means. Two articles exploring literature of liberation point toward the long history of insurrection as a pathway to freedom, albeit pursued by those in different positions from the January 6 rioters. These two articles, “‘The Fate of St. DomingoAwaits You’: RobertWedderburn’sUnfinishedRevolution,” by Shelby Johnson, and “PhillisWheatley on the Streets of Revolutionary Boston and in the AtlanticWorld,” by Betsy Erkkila, bring to light similar ways that Wedderburn and Wheatley unsettle tyrannical racial hierarchies in their writing, portending through imaginative and literal political resistance an assured liberation.1 Bringing these articles into conversation with an episode of the Why Is This Happening? podcast featuring Ta-Nehisi Coates and ChrisHayes, recorded a day after the January 6 attack, can help disentangle differing notions of freedom that drive these case studies of insurrection and make us more aware of the practice of liberation as ongoing.2 On January 6 the “freedom” that insurrectionists championedwas not articulated clearly, but the attackers weremotivated by a general unwillingness to accept a futuristic America: a pluralistic, progressive democracy with the broad participation of diverse peoples (peoples who are often the targets of Donald Trump’s ire). While the attack was certainly planned, it wasnot well organized;many who gatheredwerewithout a clear purpose aside from disrupting the peaceful transfer of power from Trump to Biden. Wedderburn’s and Wheatley’s embrace of insurrection, on the other hand, is driven by commitment to freedom unbound by systems (economic, political, national) that hinge on racial hierarchies (slavery most egregiously). For Wedderburn and Wheatley, liberation is not about who leads in a particular historical moment but about who is empowered in a transformative future. In their conversation, Coates and Hayes are earnest in their assertion that what happened on January 6 is not as unprecedented as it may seem; America is a","PeriodicalId":43905,"journal":{"name":"ENGLISH LANGUAGE NOTES","volume":"61 1","pages":"106 - 109"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44286387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-01DOI: 10.1215/00138282-10600880
S. Plasencia
{"title":"Locating and Narrating Revolution","authors":"S. Plasencia","doi":"10.1215/00138282-10600880","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1215/00138282-10600880","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43905,"journal":{"name":"ENGLISH LANGUAGE NOTES","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46796900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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