Pub Date : 2023-09-14DOI: 10.26420/austinjcardiovascdisatherosclerosis.2022.1057
Victoria Kopetz, R. Tavella, S. Pasupathy, John Horowitz, John F Beltrame
Background: The Coronary Slow Flow Phenomenon (CSFP) is a coronary microvascular disorder that presents with recurrent angina for which there is no available effective therapy. The vasoconstrictor Endothelin-1 (ET-1) has been implicated in the pathophysiology of the CSFP. This study aimed to determine whether the ET-1 antagonist (Bosentan) is effective in ameliorating angina symptoms in CSFP patients. Methods: Using a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over trial methodology, the anti-anginal efficacy of Bosentan 125mg bd was assessed in 23 patients with symptomatic CSFP. Study endpoints were measured following 4 weeks of therapy with the primary endpoint being angina frequency. Secondary endpoints included (1) clinical measures of angina and health status, (2) endothelial function parameters, and (3) inflammatory and oxidative stress markers. Results: There was no statistically significant reduction in angina frequency with Bosentan therapy compared to placebo (median angina episodes/4weeks [25-75% IQ]: Bosentan 14[5,36] vs Placebo 25[9,55]) although a trend for improvement in symptoms during the Bosentan phase was observed. Furthermore, Bosentan did not impact on any of the secondary endpoints compared with placebo. Conclusion: Bosentan did not have a major impact on angina frequency in patients with the CSFP. A small anti-anginal effect cannot be excluded and requires a larger trial.
{"title":"The Anti-Anginal Efficacy of Bosentan in the Coronary Slow Flow Phenomenon","authors":"Victoria Kopetz, R. Tavella, S. Pasupathy, John Horowitz, John F Beltrame","doi":"10.26420/austinjcardiovascdisatherosclerosis.2022.1057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26420/austinjcardiovascdisatherosclerosis.2022.1057","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The Coronary Slow Flow Phenomenon (CSFP) is a coronary microvascular disorder that presents with recurrent angina for which there is no available effective therapy. The vasoconstrictor Endothelin-1 (ET-1) has been implicated in the pathophysiology of the CSFP. This study aimed to determine whether the ET-1 antagonist (Bosentan) is effective in ameliorating angina symptoms in CSFP patients. Methods: Using a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over trial methodology, the anti-anginal efficacy of Bosentan 125mg bd was assessed in 23 patients with symptomatic CSFP. Study endpoints were measured following 4 weeks of therapy with the primary endpoint being angina frequency. Secondary endpoints included (1) clinical measures of angina and health status, (2) endothelial function parameters, and (3) inflammatory and oxidative stress markers. Results: There was no statistically significant reduction in angina frequency with Bosentan therapy compared to placebo (median angina episodes/4weeks [25-75% IQ]: Bosentan 14[5,36] vs Placebo 25[9,55]) although a trend for improvement in symptoms during the Bosentan phase was observed. Furthermore, Bosentan did not impact on any of the secondary endpoints compared with placebo. Conclusion: Bosentan did not have a major impact on angina frequency in patients with the CSFP. A small anti-anginal effect cannot be excluded and requires a larger trial.","PeriodicalId":439231,"journal":{"name":"Austin Journal of Cardiovascular Disease and Atherosclerosis","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139340070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-26DOI: 10.26420/austinjcardiovascdisatherosclerosis.2022.1051
Shankar A, D. V., Fadeyi O, Shalom Fm, Shams F
A 74-year-old male on Montelukast presented initially with tachycardia in septic shock masking his underlying bradycardia, which emerged with initiation of sepsis treatment. The patient’s heart rate responded to cessation of Montelukast showing a likely association between Montelukast and bradycardia. Further research is necessary to thoroughly investigate this relationship.
{"title":"Case of Leukotriene Receptor Antagonist Related Bradycardia in Patient Taking Montelukast","authors":"Shankar A, D. V., Fadeyi O, Shalom Fm, Shams F","doi":"10.26420/austinjcardiovascdisatherosclerosis.2022.1051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26420/austinjcardiovascdisatherosclerosis.2022.1051","url":null,"abstract":"A 74-year-old male on Montelukast presented initially with tachycardia in septic shock masking his underlying bradycardia, which emerged with initiation of sepsis treatment. The patient’s heart rate responded to cessation of Montelukast showing a likely association between Montelukast and bradycardia. Further research is necessary to thoroughly investigate this relationship.","PeriodicalId":439231,"journal":{"name":"Austin Journal of Cardiovascular Disease and Atherosclerosis","volume":"87 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117301708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-04DOI: 10.26420/austinjcardiovascdisatherosclerosis.2022.1048
Liu X-W, Weng Y-Z, Lou J-G, Chen X‐F, Du C-Q, T. L-J
Background: Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a severe form of blood vessel-related disease. Medial degeneration and inflammation are typical characteristic of AAA. Activated platelets release many pro-inflammatory cytokines and participate in the initial inflammatory response to various vascular diseases. Although there are some studies on the effects of APAs on AAA, it is yet unknown whether the new P2Y12 receptor inhibitor ticagrelor (T) can inhibit AAA. Herein, we explored the consequences of ticagrelor exposure on AAA progression and determined whether a combinational therapy, involving T and aspirin (A), exerts a stronger inhibitory effect in vivo. Methods: AAA was established in apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE-/- ) mice via a 28-day administration of angiotensin II (Ang II). Next, the mice were arbitrarily separated into 5 groups: saline infusion alone (sham), Ang II infusion alone, Ang II infusion plus oral A (10 mg•kg-1•d-1), Ang II infusion plus oral T (120 mg.kg-1.d-1), Ang II infusion plus combinational therapy with A (10 mg•kg-1•d-1) and T (120 mg.kg-1.d-1). Results: The combined treatment markedly suppressed the Ang II-driven elevation of maximal aortic diameter, aneurysm formation (26.7% decrease, P<0.05), alterations in aortic expansion, elastic lamina destruction, platelet deposition, and inflammatory cytokine accumulation. In addition, it also diminished matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9 production. Conclusions: A combinational therapy of A and T, but not individual drugs, inhibits Ang II-driven AAA generation in mice in vivo, and this process may be regulated by a suppressed inflammatory response.
{"title":"Combinational Therapy with Aspirin and Ticagrelor Alleviates Vascular Inflammation and Angiotensin IIdriven Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Formation in Mice","authors":"Liu X-W, Weng Y-Z, Lou J-G, Chen X‐F, Du C-Q, T. L-J","doi":"10.26420/austinjcardiovascdisatherosclerosis.2022.1048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26420/austinjcardiovascdisatherosclerosis.2022.1048","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a severe form of blood vessel-related disease. Medial degeneration and inflammation are typical characteristic of AAA. Activated platelets release many pro-inflammatory cytokines and participate in the initial inflammatory response to various vascular diseases. Although there are some studies on the effects of APAs on AAA, it is yet unknown whether the new P2Y12 receptor inhibitor ticagrelor (T) can inhibit AAA. Herein, we explored the consequences of ticagrelor exposure on AAA progression and determined whether a combinational therapy, involving T and aspirin (A), exerts a stronger inhibitory effect in vivo. Methods: AAA was established in apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE-/- ) mice via a 28-day administration of angiotensin II (Ang II). Next, the mice were arbitrarily separated into 5 groups: saline infusion alone (sham), Ang II infusion alone, Ang II infusion plus oral A (10 mg•kg-1•d-1), Ang II infusion plus oral T (120 mg.kg-1.d-1), Ang II infusion plus combinational therapy with A (10 mg•kg-1•d-1) and T (120 mg.kg-1.d-1). Results: The combined treatment markedly suppressed the Ang II-driven elevation of maximal aortic diameter, aneurysm formation (26.7% decrease, P<0.05), alterations in aortic expansion, elastic lamina destruction, platelet deposition, and inflammatory cytokine accumulation. In addition, it also diminished matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9 production. Conclusions: A combinational therapy of A and T, but not individual drugs, inhibits Ang II-driven AAA generation in mice in vivo, and this process may be regulated by a suppressed inflammatory response.","PeriodicalId":439231,"journal":{"name":"Austin Journal of Cardiovascular Disease and Atherosclerosis","volume":"105 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124093005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-28DOI: 10.26420/austinjcardiovascdisatherosclerosis.2022.1047
F. T, Z. X, Chen Y, Lou L, Yang J
Radiofrequency ablation is an effective method to treat paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia. In this article, we report a case of pulmonary embolism and death after ablation of paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia. The patient did not have other diseases, nor did he have any risk factors for embolism. A summary of the literature found that despite the low incidence, radiofrequency ablation for paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia is still associated with the risk of pulmonary embolism. At present, there is no clear guidance for the perioperative anticoagulation treatment of such patients. It is necessary to investigate this issue in depth in the future.
{"title":"A Case of Acute Pulmonary Embolism after Catheter Radiofrequency Ablation of Paroxysmal Supraventricular Tachycardia","authors":"F. T, Z. X, Chen Y, Lou L, Yang J","doi":"10.26420/austinjcardiovascdisatherosclerosis.2022.1047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26420/austinjcardiovascdisatherosclerosis.2022.1047","url":null,"abstract":"Radiofrequency ablation is an effective method to treat paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia. In this article, we report a case of pulmonary embolism and death after ablation of paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia. The patient did not have other diseases, nor did he have any risk factors for embolism. A summary of the literature found that despite the low incidence, radiofrequency ablation for paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia is still associated with the risk of pulmonary embolism. At present, there is no clear guidance for the perioperative anticoagulation treatment of such patients. It is necessary to investigate this issue in depth in the future.","PeriodicalId":439231,"journal":{"name":"Austin Journal of Cardiovascular Disease and Atherosclerosis","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121924884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-21DOI: 10.26420/austinjcardiovascdisatherosclerosis.2021.1046
Zargarian E, Rochon-Duck Me, Donaldson Dm
Lipomatous Hypertrophy of the Interatrial Septum (LHIS) is usually a benign condition, but it has been known to produce a variety of symptoms and arrhythmias. Management is guided by symptoms and can range from watchful waiting to surgical resection. Here we describe a unique case of a patient with LHIS associated with two distinct atrial arrhythmias. Due to persistent symptoms an EP study with ablation was pursued which resulted in abatement of symptoms. This case illustrates that an EP study and ablation is a viable option that could be considered in patients with continued symptoms in conjunction with medical or surgical options and ultimately lead to prompt diagnosis and appropriate treatment.
{"title":"Lipomatous Hypertrophy of Interatrial Septum Presenting with Two Distinct Atrial Arrhythmias","authors":"Zargarian E, Rochon-Duck Me, Donaldson Dm","doi":"10.26420/austinjcardiovascdisatherosclerosis.2021.1046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26420/austinjcardiovascdisatherosclerosis.2021.1046","url":null,"abstract":"Lipomatous Hypertrophy of the Interatrial Septum (LHIS) is usually a benign condition, but it has been known to produce a variety of symptoms and arrhythmias. Management is guided by symptoms and can range from watchful waiting to surgical resection. Here we describe a unique case of a patient with LHIS associated with two distinct atrial arrhythmias. Due to persistent symptoms an EP study with ablation was pursued which resulted in abatement of symptoms. This case illustrates that an EP study and ablation is a viable option that could be considered in patients with continued symptoms in conjunction with medical or surgical options and ultimately lead to prompt diagnosis and appropriate treatment.","PeriodicalId":439231,"journal":{"name":"Austin Journal of Cardiovascular Disease and Atherosclerosis","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117224531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-16DOI: 10.26420/austinjcardiovascdisatherosclerosis.2021.1045
Velayo Cl, David Ic
Objective: To report on the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management of fetal congenital heart block. Design: Case series. Setting: University hospital. Patients: A 33-year old secundigravid with fetal congenital heart block secondary to structural heart disease; a 28-year old primigravid with isolated fetal congenital heart block secondary to maternal autoantibodies; and a 44- year old grand multipara with fetal congenital heart block, resolved. Interventions: Close fetal monitoring with cardiotocography, fetal wellbeing studies using ultrasonography with color Doppler velocimetry, and pacemaker insertion in the neonatal period. Main Outcome Measures: Cardiotocography and ultrasonography with Doppler revealed fetal congenital heart block. Further work-up involving autoantibody testing and fetal 2D-echocardiography revealed the underlying pathophysiology and classification of congenital heart block depending on the presence of structural heart anomalies or the existence of concomitant maternal disease. Results: The first two cases exemplified the different categories of congenital heart block: Case 1 illustrated heart block secondary to structural heart disease and Case 2 illustrated the isolated type secondary to maternal autoantibodies. Case 3 showed the typical clinical picture wherein no further progression but resolution of heart block symptoms occurred prenatally. Conclusions: This report emphasizes the importance of a high index of suspicion in the early diagnosis of fetal congenital heart block. Proper management for such cases entails close monitoring using available technology and not necessarily medical management in utero.
{"title":"Fetal Congenital Heart Block","authors":"Velayo Cl, David Ic","doi":"10.26420/austinjcardiovascdisatherosclerosis.2021.1045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26420/austinjcardiovascdisatherosclerosis.2021.1045","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To report on the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management of fetal congenital heart block. Design: Case series. Setting: University hospital. Patients: A 33-year old secundigravid with fetal congenital heart block secondary to structural heart disease; a 28-year old primigravid with isolated fetal congenital heart block secondary to maternal autoantibodies; and a 44- year old grand multipara with fetal congenital heart block, resolved. Interventions: Close fetal monitoring with cardiotocography, fetal wellbeing studies using ultrasonography with color Doppler velocimetry, and pacemaker insertion in the neonatal period. Main Outcome Measures: Cardiotocography and ultrasonography with Doppler revealed fetal congenital heart block. Further work-up involving autoantibody testing and fetal 2D-echocardiography revealed the underlying pathophysiology and classification of congenital heart block depending on the presence of structural heart anomalies or the existence of concomitant maternal disease. Results: The first two cases exemplified the different categories of congenital heart block: Case 1 illustrated heart block secondary to structural heart disease and Case 2 illustrated the isolated type secondary to maternal autoantibodies. Case 3 showed the typical clinical picture wherein no further progression but resolution of heart block symptoms occurred prenatally. Conclusions: This report emphasizes the importance of a high index of suspicion in the early diagnosis of fetal congenital heart block. Proper management for such cases entails close monitoring using available technology and not necessarily medical management in utero.","PeriodicalId":439231,"journal":{"name":"Austin Journal of Cardiovascular Disease and Atherosclerosis","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128612958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-20DOI: 10.26420/austinjcardiovascdisatherosclerosis.2021.1044
A. A, Samimi S, Sanadgol G
Myxoma is the most common primary intracardiac neoplasm, ranging between 0.001% to 0.03% in the general population [1]. Cardiac myxomas are most frequently located in the left atrium in 80% of cases, with the remainder mostly originating from the right atrium [2]. Patients may present with various cardiovascular manifestations depending on the anatomical location (e.g., cardiac arrhythmia, embolization,..). It may also present with nonspecific constitutional sign and symptoms such as fever and weight loss [3,4]. The association between cardiac myxomas and other simultaneous tumors has previously been described in the case of carney complex. Carney complex is a rare autosomal dominant syndrome caused by abnormalities in the PRKAR1A gene [5]. Patients may present with skin pigmentations and a variety of endocrine and non-endocrine tumors [5]. However, multiple reports of cardiac myxomas in patients with synchronous primary tumors have been reported, speculating that cardiac myxomas may simultaneously be present with other primary cancers, not classified as the carney complex. A variety of malignancies have been documented that coincide with cardiac myxomas over the years. Meir et al., encountered a left atrial myxoma in the echocardiography of a 51-year-old woman presenting with fever after receiving first chemotherapy session for invasive lobular adenocarcinoma [6]. The association between breast adenocarcinoma and cardiac myxoma was also reported by Kataoka et al. and Özer et al. [7,8]. Nuño et al. and Hajsadeghi et al., described synchronous colorectal carcinomas with a cardiac myxoma [9,10].
{"title":"Cardiac Myxomas and Carcinomas: Is it Incidental or Consequential Finding?","authors":"A. A, Samimi S, Sanadgol G","doi":"10.26420/austinjcardiovascdisatherosclerosis.2021.1044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26420/austinjcardiovascdisatherosclerosis.2021.1044","url":null,"abstract":"Myxoma is the most common primary intracardiac neoplasm, ranging between 0.001% to 0.03% in the general population [1]. Cardiac myxomas are most frequently located in the left atrium in 80% of cases, with the remainder mostly originating from the right atrium [2]. Patients may present with various cardiovascular manifestations depending on the anatomical location (e.g., cardiac arrhythmia, embolization,..). It may also present with nonspecific constitutional sign and symptoms such as fever and weight loss [3,4]. The association between cardiac myxomas and other simultaneous tumors has previously been described in the case of carney complex. Carney complex is a rare autosomal dominant syndrome caused by abnormalities in the PRKAR1A gene [5]. Patients may present with skin pigmentations and a variety of endocrine and non-endocrine tumors [5]. However, multiple reports of cardiac myxomas in patients with synchronous primary tumors have been reported, speculating that cardiac myxomas may simultaneously be present with other primary cancers, not classified as the carney complex. A variety of malignancies have been documented that coincide with cardiac myxomas over the years. Meir et al., encountered a left atrial myxoma in the echocardiography of a 51-year-old woman presenting with fever after receiving first chemotherapy session for invasive lobular adenocarcinoma [6]. The association between breast adenocarcinoma and cardiac myxoma was also reported by Kataoka et al. and Özer et al. [7,8]. Nuño et al. and Hajsadeghi et al., described synchronous colorectal carcinomas with a cardiac myxoma [9,10].","PeriodicalId":439231,"journal":{"name":"Austin Journal of Cardiovascular Disease and Atherosclerosis","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121795642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-22DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-615922/v1
Xiaofeng Chen, Hongliang Zhang, Yangyang Shi, Ting-Jhen Chen, Yang Zhang, Juntao Wu, Y. Weng, Wen-min Zhao, Guangdong Chen, Dan Li, X. Fang, Chengxiao Xu, Baohui Xu, Jianjun Jiang
Background and objective: The relationship between pulse wave velocity (PWV) levels and abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) remains controversial. A meta-analysis was performed to establish whether vascular pulse wave velocity (PWV) as a measure of arterial stiffness is different in patients with abdominal aortic aneurysms and controls. Methods Pubmed, Embase, Cochrane and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) were used for the meta-analysis with articles up to January 1, 2021. To compare PWV levels between AAA patients and healthy controls, pooled weighted mean difference (WMD) and its 95% confidence interval (Cl) were calculated. Subgroup analysis and funnel plots are used to assess the quality of the combined results to ensure a normal distribution of data with minimal bias. Study quality for eligible studies was assessed using the Agency For Health Care Research and Quality (AHRQ) inventory tool. Results Nine cross-sectional studies, which included 439 abdominal aortic aneurysm cases and 382 healthy subjects, met inclusion criteria and were eligible for meta-analysis. We found that PWV levels were significantly higher [WMD(95%Cl): 2.36(2.02,2.70)] in AAA patients than healthy controls. After subgroup analysis, it was found that age, sex, smoking and hypertension had significant effects on the PWV levels. The normal distribution of the Funnel plot analysis suggests a low risk for publication bias. Conclusion PWV levels were elevated in patients with AAA compared to healthy controls, with the effect on PWV altered by age, sex, smoking and hypertension. Our study suggests that abdominal aortic aneurysm is related to increased arterial stiffness.
{"title":"Pulse Wave Velocity as a Measure of Arterial Stiffness in Patients with Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","authors":"Xiaofeng Chen, Hongliang Zhang, Yangyang Shi, Ting-Jhen Chen, Yang Zhang, Juntao Wu, Y. Weng, Wen-min Zhao, Guangdong Chen, Dan Li, X. Fang, Chengxiao Xu, Baohui Xu, Jianjun Jiang","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-615922/v1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-615922/v1","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Background and objective:\u0000\u0000The relationship between pulse wave velocity (PWV) levels and abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) remains controversial. A meta-analysis was performed to establish whether vascular pulse wave velocity (PWV) as a measure of arterial stiffness is different in patients with abdominal aortic aneurysms and controls.\u0000Methods\u0000\u0000Pubmed, Embase, Cochrane and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) were used for the meta-analysis with articles up to January 1, 2021. To compare PWV levels between AAA patients and healthy controls, pooled weighted mean difference (WMD) and its 95% confidence interval (Cl) were calculated. Subgroup analysis and funnel plots are used to assess the quality of the combined results to ensure a normal distribution of data with minimal bias. Study quality for eligible studies was assessed using the Agency For Health Care Research and Quality (AHRQ) inventory tool.\u0000Results\u0000\u0000Nine cross-sectional studies, which included 439 abdominal aortic aneurysm cases and 382 healthy subjects, met inclusion criteria and were eligible for meta-analysis. We found that PWV levels were significantly higher [WMD(95%Cl): 2.36(2.02,2.70)] in AAA patients than healthy controls. After subgroup analysis, it was found that age, sex, smoking and hypertension had significant effects on the PWV levels. The normal distribution of the Funnel plot analysis suggests a low risk for publication bias.\u0000Conclusion\u0000\u0000PWV levels were elevated in patients with AAA compared to healthy controls, with the effect on PWV altered by age, sex, smoking and hypertension. Our study suggests that abdominal aortic aneurysm is related to increased arterial stiffness.","PeriodicalId":439231,"journal":{"name":"Austin Journal of Cardiovascular Disease and Atherosclerosis","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117296710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-24DOI: 10.26420/austinjcardiovascdisatherosclerosis.2021.1043
Z. Chen, C. Lin, J. Nan, X. Zhuang, J. Lei, S. Guo, J. Xue, B. Han, Z. Zhang, M. Lu, S. Zhao
Straight Back Syndrome (SBS) is an autosomal dominant hereditary disease characterized by abnormal thoracic skeletal dysplasia, which leads to a decrease in anteroposterior diameter of the thorax and thereby the heart and great vessels are compressed and displaced. We reported a case with SBS showing cardiac dysfunction and myocardial injury by CMR. This case should remind physicians of the importance of differential diagnosis in patients with heart failure and arrhythmia.
{"title":"Straight Back Syndrome with Heart Failure and Myocardial Injury Diagnosis by Cardiac Magnetic Resonance","authors":"Z. Chen, C. Lin, J. Nan, X. Zhuang, J. Lei, S. Guo, J. Xue, B. Han, Z. Zhang, M. Lu, S. Zhao","doi":"10.26420/austinjcardiovascdisatherosclerosis.2021.1043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26420/austinjcardiovascdisatherosclerosis.2021.1043","url":null,"abstract":"Straight Back Syndrome (SBS) is an autosomal dominant hereditary disease characterized by abnormal thoracic skeletal dysplasia, which leads to a decrease in anteroposterior diameter of the thorax and thereby the heart and great vessels are compressed and displaced. We reported a case with SBS showing cardiac dysfunction and myocardial injury by CMR. This case should remind physicians of the importance of differential diagnosis in patients with heart failure and arrhythmia.","PeriodicalId":439231,"journal":{"name":"Austin Journal of Cardiovascular Disease and Atherosclerosis","volume":"121 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123180216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-01DOI: 10.26420/AUSTINJCARDIOVASCDISATHEROSCLEROSIS.2021.1042
Yokoyama M, Kamide N, Tojo T, Yamaoka Tojo M
Although the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is still ongoing, the path towards a better future is finally becoming clear as a result of the initiation of COVID-19 vaccination. While pneumonia was initially emphasized as the only complication of COVID-19, it has become clear that fatal complications, such as a thromboembolism, are also likely to occur. In the era of recurring coronavirus infections, it is important to identify the causes and risk factors regarding exacerbations in patients who may develop severe COVID-19. This review describes how to prevent COVID-19 exacerbations in the context of cardiovascular disease, especially exacerbations related to the vascular endothelium.
{"title":"Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in the COVID-19 Era","authors":"Yokoyama M, Kamide N, Tojo T, Yamaoka Tojo M","doi":"10.26420/AUSTINJCARDIOVASCDISATHEROSCLEROSIS.2021.1042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26420/AUSTINJCARDIOVASCDISATHEROSCLEROSIS.2021.1042","url":null,"abstract":"Although the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is still ongoing, the path towards a better future is finally becoming clear as a result of the initiation of COVID-19 vaccination. While pneumonia was initially emphasized as the only complication of COVID-19, it has become clear that fatal complications, such as a thromboembolism, are also likely to occur. In the era of recurring coronavirus infections, it is important to identify the causes and risk factors regarding exacerbations in patients who may develop severe COVID-19. This review describes how to prevent COVID-19 exacerbations in the context of cardiovascular disease, especially exacerbations related to the vascular endothelium.","PeriodicalId":439231,"journal":{"name":"Austin Journal of Cardiovascular Disease and Atherosclerosis","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133406908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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