Pub Date : 1991-05-12DOI: 10.1109/CBMS.1991.128955
H. Syh, W. Chu, J. McConnell
A microcomputer-based imaging system for acquisition and analysis is discussed. The high-intensity lesions due to hepatic encephalopathy have been demonstrated through the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) sequences with T1 weighting (TR 600 ms/TE 20 ms) of the brain. Data from 11 patients with clinically proven hepatic encephalopathy, and three sets of normal brain MRI which were identified with no evidence of brain or liver diseases were collected. The histograms followed and generated out of brain MRI slices were composed of two distinguished peaks which were lumped together. After the decomposition and curve fitting procedures, the Gaussian distributions were identified with the mean value and the standard deviation. One was assumed to be gray index region for gray and white matter, the other with higher gray index value was the contribution of hepatic encephalopathy. Once the gray index range of the distribution has been determined, the affected portion could be marked out and highlighted.<>
{"title":"A microcomputer-based system for MR imaging analysis of brain for hepatic encephalopathy","authors":"H. Syh, W. Chu, J. McConnell","doi":"10.1109/CBMS.1991.128955","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CBMS.1991.128955","url":null,"abstract":"A microcomputer-based imaging system for acquisition and analysis is discussed. The high-intensity lesions due to hepatic encephalopathy have been demonstrated through the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) sequences with T1 weighting (TR 600 ms/TE 20 ms) of the brain. Data from 11 patients with clinically proven hepatic encephalopathy, and three sets of normal brain MRI which were identified with no evidence of brain or liver diseases were collected. The histograms followed and generated out of brain MRI slices were composed of two distinguished peaks which were lumped together. After the decomposition and curve fitting procedures, the Gaussian distributions were identified with the mean value and the standard deviation. One was assumed to be gray index region for gray and white matter, the other with higher gray index value was the contribution of hepatic encephalopathy. Once the gray index range of the distribution has been determined, the affected portion could be marked out and highlighted.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":439237,"journal":{"name":"[1991] Computer-Based Medical Systems@m_Proceedings of the Fourth Annual IEEE Symposium","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117216438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1991-05-12DOI: 10.1109/CBMS.1991.128956
I. Greenshields, Francis DiMario, G. Ramsby, James B. Perkins
The derivation of ventricular structures from a pediatric population is discussed. The original dataset is classified via a metric-based clustering algorithm which is tuned to the signature distribution from the magnetic resonance images (MRIs). The cluster set (or sets) interpreted as cerebrospinal fluid are aggregated throughout the dataset into a group of connected components whose topology is understood. This typically recursive procedure is replaced by a divide-and-conquer approach which substantially reduces the stack space needed for the aggregation. Other class sets can be equivalently aggregated. Visualization and geometry are then simply deduced from the aggregated cluster sets in the data. It is demonstrated how this hierarchical cluster/classification strategy can successfully demonstrate ventricular structure from multisignature MRIs.<>
{"title":"Determination of ventricular structure from multisignature MR images of the brain","authors":"I. Greenshields, Francis DiMario, G. Ramsby, James B. Perkins","doi":"10.1109/CBMS.1991.128956","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CBMS.1991.128956","url":null,"abstract":"The derivation of ventricular structures from a pediatric population is discussed. The original dataset is classified via a metric-based clustering algorithm which is tuned to the signature distribution from the magnetic resonance images (MRIs). The cluster set (or sets) interpreted as cerebrospinal fluid are aggregated throughout the dataset into a group of connected components whose topology is understood. This typically recursive procedure is replaced by a divide-and-conquer approach which substantially reduces the stack space needed for the aggregation. Other class sets can be equivalently aggregated. Visualization and geometry are then simply deduced from the aggregated cluster sets in the data. It is demonstrated how this hierarchical cluster/classification strategy can successfully demonstrate ventricular structure from multisignature MRIs.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":439237,"journal":{"name":"[1991] Computer-Based Medical Systems@m_Proceedings of the Fourth Annual IEEE Symposium","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116770786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1991-05-12DOI: 10.1109/CBMS.1991.128962
I. M. Harris, Kimmet B. Workman, W. Arrildt, F. Leo
A microcomputer system to monitor imaging equipment service has been developed and implemented. This was accomplished by carefully defining the problems associated with servicing a wide variety of imaging equipment, constructing a protocol, and conducting a lengthy trial without the use of microcomputers. This permitted all of the tasks performed in implementing a microcomputer system to be accomplished without affecting foreground activity and identified the means of implementing the system without reducing equipment services or increasing personnel. The cost and benefits of this approach are summarized. It is shown that since the system has been implemented there have been savings in clerical personnel and improved response to emergency service requests, as well as increased effectiveness of preventive maintenance. The automated system provides current data on the relationship of maintenance problems and related costs, thereby identifying specific areas for preventive measures that increase efficiency and save money.<>
{"title":"Benefits of using microcomputers to monitor imaging equipment service in a radiology department","authors":"I. M. Harris, Kimmet B. Workman, W. Arrildt, F. Leo","doi":"10.1109/CBMS.1991.128962","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CBMS.1991.128962","url":null,"abstract":"A microcomputer system to monitor imaging equipment service has been developed and implemented. This was accomplished by carefully defining the problems associated with servicing a wide variety of imaging equipment, constructing a protocol, and conducting a lengthy trial without the use of microcomputers. This permitted all of the tasks performed in implementing a microcomputer system to be accomplished without affecting foreground activity and identified the means of implementing the system without reducing equipment services or increasing personnel. The cost and benefits of this approach are summarized. It is shown that since the system has been implemented there have been savings in clerical personnel and improved response to emergency service requests, as well as increased effectiveness of preventive maintenance. The automated system provides current data on the relationship of maintenance problems and related costs, thereby identifying specific areas for preventive measures that increase efficiency and save money.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":439237,"journal":{"name":"[1991] Computer-Based Medical Systems@m_Proceedings of the Fourth Annual IEEE Symposium","volume":"93 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127226301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1991-05-12DOI: 10.1109/CBMS.1991.128987
H. Cheng, X. Li, D. Riordan, J. Scrimger, A. Foyle, M. MacAulay
A parallel VLSI-oriented algorithm for grading tubules in digitized images of microscopic slide information of breast cancer malignancies is presented. The techniques used are to select the bright cores of tubular areas using a single threshold and then to extend these bright cores according to the surroundings of these areas. This is effective in detecting regions that warrant further analysis. Based on the different features between tubule areas and rough texture areas (i.e. a tubule area is circular, homogeneous, and its boundary is dark), a 3*3 mask Laplacian and extension operation are used to effectively separate the tubule areas from the rough texture areas. The experimental results are satisfactory. The essential parallelism of the proposed algorithm makes it easy to implement by using a VLSI architecture, where each processing element only needs to perform addition, subtraction, or comparison.<>
{"title":"A parallel approach to tubule grading in breast cancer lesions and its VLSI implementation","authors":"H. Cheng, X. Li, D. Riordan, J. Scrimger, A. Foyle, M. MacAulay","doi":"10.1109/CBMS.1991.128987","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CBMS.1991.128987","url":null,"abstract":"A parallel VLSI-oriented algorithm for grading tubules in digitized images of microscopic slide information of breast cancer malignancies is presented. The techniques used are to select the bright cores of tubular areas using a single threshold and then to extend these bright cores according to the surroundings of these areas. This is effective in detecting regions that warrant further analysis. Based on the different features between tubule areas and rough texture areas (i.e. a tubule area is circular, homogeneous, and its boundary is dark), a 3*3 mask Laplacian and extension operation are used to effectively separate the tubule areas from the rough texture areas. The experimental results are satisfactory. The essential parallelism of the proposed algorithm makes it easy to implement by using a VLSI architecture, where each processing element only needs to perform addition, subtraction, or comparison.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":439237,"journal":{"name":"[1991] Computer-Based Medical Systems@m_Proceedings of the Fourth Annual IEEE Symposium","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125376248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1991-05-12DOI: 10.1109/CBMS.1991.128945
N. Fumai, C. Collet, M. Petroni, K. Roger, A. Lam, E. Saab, A. Malowany, F. Carnevale, R. Gottesman
A patient data management system (PDMS) developed for use in the intensive care unit (ICU) of the Montreal Children's Hospital is described. The PDMS acquires real-time patient data from a network of physiological bedside monitors, and facilitates the review and interpretation of this data by presenting it as graphical trends, charts, and plots on a color video display. The data management structure integrates varied data types and provides database support for different applications, while preserving the real-time acquisition of network data. This structure is based primarily on OS/2 Extended Edition relational database. The relational database design is expected to solve the query shortcomings of the previous data management structure, as well as offer support for security and concurrency.<>
{"title":"Database design of an intensive care unit patient data management system","authors":"N. Fumai, C. Collet, M. Petroni, K. Roger, A. Lam, E. Saab, A. Malowany, F. Carnevale, R. Gottesman","doi":"10.1109/CBMS.1991.128945","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CBMS.1991.128945","url":null,"abstract":"A patient data management system (PDMS) developed for use in the intensive care unit (ICU) of the Montreal Children's Hospital is described. The PDMS acquires real-time patient data from a network of physiological bedside monitors, and facilitates the review and interpretation of this data by presenting it as graphical trends, charts, and plots on a color video display. The data management structure integrates varied data types and provides database support for different applications, while preserving the real-time acquisition of network data. This structure is based primarily on OS/2 Extended Edition relational database. The relational database design is expected to solve the query shortcomings of the previous data management structure, as well as offer support for security and concurrency.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":439237,"journal":{"name":"[1991] Computer-Based Medical Systems@m_Proceedings of the Fourth Annual IEEE Symposium","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125612102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1991-05-12DOI: 10.1109/CBMS.1991.128984
C. Schizas, C. Pattichis, R. R. Livesay, I. Schofield, K. X. Lazarou, L. Middleton
Normals and patients from three disorders have been selected for investigation: motor neurone disease (MND); Becker muscular dystrophy (BMD); and spinal muscular atrophy. The data from 36 macroelectromyograms were used for analysis. The results suggest that unsupervised learning neural networks generally produce better results than those produced by the supervised learning neural networks. No conclusion about the optimum size of the output grid can be reached from the results since the examined models for the 10*10 and 8*8 cases produced similar results. It is expected, however, that an optimum grid size should exist. This size will depend on the size and the variability of the training set. More epochs can improve the performance of a model up to a certain level, beyond which the number of epochs will have no positive effect.<>
{"title":"Unsupervised learning in computer aided macroelectromyography","authors":"C. Schizas, C. Pattichis, R. R. Livesay, I. Schofield, K. X. Lazarou, L. Middleton","doi":"10.1109/CBMS.1991.128984","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CBMS.1991.128984","url":null,"abstract":"Normals and patients from three disorders have been selected for investigation: motor neurone disease (MND); Becker muscular dystrophy (BMD); and spinal muscular atrophy. The data from 36 macroelectromyograms were used for analysis. The results suggest that unsupervised learning neural networks generally produce better results than those produced by the supervised learning neural networks. No conclusion about the optimum size of the output grid can be reached from the results since the examined models for the 10*10 and 8*8 cases produced similar results. It is expected, however, that an optimum grid size should exist. This size will depend on the size and the variability of the training set. More epochs can improve the performance of a model up to a certain level, beyond which the number of epochs will have no positive effect.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":439237,"journal":{"name":"[1991] Computer-Based Medical Systems@m_Proceedings of the Fourth Annual IEEE Symposium","volume":"106 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120882560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1991-05-12DOI: 10.1109/CBMS.1991.128937
K. Chitsakul, M. Bouchoucha, J. W. Lee, P. Cugnenc
Epigastric impedance changes for a stomach filled with 10%-glucose water were observed by passing a 100-kHz current through surface electrodes on the upper abdomen; a recording was obtained by two other electrodes. The characteristics of epigastric impedance changes are presented in terms of a predictive model. The gastric emptying curve was fitted numerically by a Weibull's model based on the Gauss-Newton algorithm programmed on a microcomputer. The inferior envelope for the noisy curve was separated for clear representation. A running spectrum analysis was used to determine the regular gastric activity and its variation. The numerical analysis in time domain gives a clear representation of the gastric emptying rate and some other parameters which can be used statistically in further clinical investigation and treatment.<>
{"title":"New method of analysis of epigastric impedance measurement for assessment of gastric emptying and motility","authors":"K. Chitsakul, M. Bouchoucha, J. W. Lee, P. Cugnenc","doi":"10.1109/CBMS.1991.128937","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CBMS.1991.128937","url":null,"abstract":"Epigastric impedance changes for a stomach filled with 10%-glucose water were observed by passing a 100-kHz current through surface electrodes on the upper abdomen; a recording was obtained by two other electrodes. The characteristics of epigastric impedance changes are presented in terms of a predictive model. The gastric emptying curve was fitted numerically by a Weibull's model based on the Gauss-Newton algorithm programmed on a microcomputer. The inferior envelope for the noisy curve was separated for clear representation. A running spectrum analysis was used to determine the regular gastric activity and its variation. The numerical analysis in time domain gives a clear representation of the gastric emptying rate and some other parameters which can be used statistically in further clinical investigation and treatment.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":439237,"journal":{"name":"[1991] Computer-Based Medical Systems@m_Proceedings of the Fourth Annual IEEE Symposium","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116262439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1991-05-12DOI: 10.1109/CBMS.1991.128946
I. Nevo, J. Roth, F. Ahmed, A. Guez
The vital function status (VFS), a real-time indicator that continuously depicts the overall status of the patient under anesthetic, is presented. The VFS is generated by a subsystem which has been developed as a part of adaptive real-time expert system for anesthesia. The subsystem can operate independently and may be implemented in other highly monitored environments. It presents data at higher level of abstraction and does not hinder the accessibility to routine data (the routine monitors are still in use). On the contrary, more data per unit of time is being considered.<>
{"title":"A new patient's status indicator to facilitate decision making in anesthesia","authors":"I. Nevo, J. Roth, F. Ahmed, A. Guez","doi":"10.1109/CBMS.1991.128946","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CBMS.1991.128946","url":null,"abstract":"The vital function status (VFS), a real-time indicator that continuously depicts the overall status of the patient under anesthetic, is presented. The VFS is generated by a subsystem which has been developed as a part of adaptive real-time expert system for anesthesia. The subsystem can operate independently and may be implemented in other highly monitored environments. It presents data at higher level of abstraction and does not hinder the accessibility to routine data (the routine monitors are still in use). On the contrary, more data per unit of time is being considered.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":439237,"journal":{"name":"[1991] Computer-Based Medical Systems@m_Proceedings of the Fourth Annual IEEE Symposium","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116803750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1991-05-12DOI: 10.1109/CBMS.1991.128975
Eric L. Hoogendoorn, K. Langton, N. Solntseff, R. Haynes
PREOP (short for preoperative assessment), a knowledge-based program, was developed to provide physicians with expert-level recommendations concerning the assessment and care of patients who are about to undergo surgery. An interface to PREOP is designed to provide clinicians with a user-friendly assessment tool. The interface is written in C language for Intel 80*86-based computers with the help of a toolkit of windowing functions. It represents an attempt to implement a mixed-initiative dialogue in which there is a two-way flow of information between the clinician and the expert system. This makes possible the arbitrary correction of user inputs. When complete, PREOP will be able to assess a wider range of risk factors and synthesize more sophisticated recommendations, using hypermedia interface techniques. A goal of this work is to evaluate the impact of artificial intelligence and expert system techniques on medical care.<>
{"title":"A PC-based interface for an expert system to assist with preoperative assessments","authors":"Eric L. Hoogendoorn, K. Langton, N. Solntseff, R. Haynes","doi":"10.1109/CBMS.1991.128975","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CBMS.1991.128975","url":null,"abstract":"PREOP (short for preoperative assessment), a knowledge-based program, was developed to provide physicians with expert-level recommendations concerning the assessment and care of patients who are about to undergo surgery. An interface to PREOP is designed to provide clinicians with a user-friendly assessment tool. The interface is written in C language for Intel 80*86-based computers with the help of a toolkit of windowing functions. It represents an attempt to implement a mixed-initiative dialogue in which there is a two-way flow of information between the clinician and the expert system. This makes possible the arbitrary correction of user inputs. When complete, PREOP will be able to assess a wider range of risk factors and synthesize more sophisticated recommendations, using hypermedia interface techniques. A goal of this work is to evaluate the impact of artificial intelligence and expert system techniques on medical care.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":439237,"journal":{"name":"[1991] Computer-Based Medical Systems@m_Proceedings of the Fourth Annual IEEE Symposium","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114975457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1991-05-12DOI: 10.1109/CBMS.1991.128980
I. Bankman, V. Sigillito, R. Wise, Philip L. Smith
The K-complex detection task is approached by first extracting morphological features that quantify the visual recognition criteria used for both acceptance and rejection of candidate waveforms. The features are based on amplitude and duration measurements. These features are used as the inputs of multivariate discrimination methods. The performance of Fisher's linear discriminant with multilayer feedforward neural networks (MLFNs) in discriminating the K-complex and background EEG is compared. The results show that the use of the MLFN on feature information can provide a reliable K-complex detection with significantly better performance than that of the linear discriminant. This difference in performance can be seen on the receiver operating characteristics curves that show the true positive against the false positives.<>
{"title":"Detection of the EEG K-complex wave with neural networks","authors":"I. Bankman, V. Sigillito, R. Wise, Philip L. Smith","doi":"10.1109/CBMS.1991.128980","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CBMS.1991.128980","url":null,"abstract":"The K-complex detection task is approached by first extracting morphological features that quantify the visual recognition criteria used for both acceptance and rejection of candidate waveforms. The features are based on amplitude and duration measurements. These features are used as the inputs of multivariate discrimination methods. The performance of Fisher's linear discriminant with multilayer feedforward neural networks (MLFNs) in discriminating the K-complex and background EEG is compared. The results show that the use of the MLFN on feature information can provide a reliable K-complex detection with significantly better performance than that of the linear discriminant. This difference in performance can be seen on the receiver operating characteristics curves that show the true positive against the false positives.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":439237,"journal":{"name":"[1991] Computer-Based Medical Systems@m_Proceedings of the Fourth Annual IEEE Symposium","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126909653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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