Pub Date : 2025-04-28DOI: 10.1177/02656914251325052f
Robert Justin Goldstein
{"title":"Book Review: Multicultural Cities of the Habsburg Empire, 1880–1914: Imagined Communities and Conflictual Encounters by Catherine Horel HorelCatherine, Multicultural Cities of the Habsburg Empire, 1880–1914: Imagined Communities and Conflictual Encounters, Central European University Press: Budapest, 2023; 574 pp., 83 photos, 46 tables; 9789633862896, $121.00 (hbk)","authors":"Robert Justin Goldstein","doi":"10.1177/02656914251325052f","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02656914251325052f","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44713,"journal":{"name":"European History Quarterly","volume":"64 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143884270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-10DOI: 10.1177/02656914251328511
Bolaji Balogun, Sarah Demart, Claire Eldridge, Chandra Frank, Camilla Hawthorne, Stefanie Michels, Erin Kathleen Rowe, Kimberly St. Julian-Varnon
{"title":"European History Quarterly Roundtable: Histories of Race in Europe and Questions of Knowledge Production","authors":"Bolaji Balogun, Sarah Demart, Claire Eldridge, Chandra Frank, Camilla Hawthorne, Stefanie Michels, Erin Kathleen Rowe, Kimberly St. Julian-Varnon","doi":"10.1177/02656914251328511","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02656914251328511","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44713,"journal":{"name":"European History Quarterly","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143819407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-10DOI: 10.1177/02656914251327075
Saúl Martínez Bermejo
Early modern war was a complex phenomenon that marked not only the lives of soldiers and civilians directly involved in conflicts, but also the technology, the economy and the culture of the epoch. Current intellectual approaches to war nevertheless tend to ignore that war was also experienced as a particular series of sounds, from drums to cannons and cries. In fact, aural perception constituted in many circumstances the primary source of information about the progress of military events. This article explores the sonic nature of the Eighty Year's War through a renewed analysis of the many accounts left by Spanish soldiers and officers and other international chroniclers. More specifically, it shows that sound was a defining characteristic of armies and that the disciplining of sound constituted a fundamental development in early modern wars. Sound control was associated with a crucial rise in discipline and logistics that was developed at the time and that played a key role in the nocturnal and diurnal strategies of one of the most important conflicts of the early modern epoch. Drawing on abundant, if often overlooked, information about sound and sensory perceptions found in military treatises and war chronicles, this article analyses the whole range of sonic interaction between townsmen and soldiers, and stresses the uses of sound to produce fear, force negotiation, and express joy over victories. It also reveals how war sounds affected the pattern of communications in the Low Countries and the responses of local inhabitants to the conflicts. The increasing intensity of war sounds was not merely a by-product of firearms. War sounds were integrated in early modern culture and affected the lives of numerous people, they modified the perception of civic life and helped redefine the boundaries of religious and communal identities.
{"title":"Sonic Strategy and Sensory Experience in the Eighty Years’ War","authors":"Saúl Martínez Bermejo","doi":"10.1177/02656914251327075","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02656914251327075","url":null,"abstract":"Early modern war was a complex phenomenon that marked not only the lives of soldiers and civilians directly involved in conflicts, but also the technology, the economy and the culture of the epoch. Current intellectual approaches to war nevertheless tend to ignore that war was also experienced as a particular series of sounds, from drums to cannons and cries. In fact, aural perception constituted in many circumstances the primary source of information about the progress of military events. This article explores the sonic nature of the Eighty Year's War through a renewed analysis of the many accounts left by Spanish soldiers and officers and other international chroniclers. More specifically, it shows that sound was a defining characteristic of armies and that the disciplining of sound constituted a fundamental development in early modern wars. Sound control was associated with a crucial rise in discipline and logistics that was developed at the time and that played a key role in the nocturnal and diurnal strategies of one of the most important conflicts of the early modern epoch. Drawing on abundant, if often overlooked, information about sound and sensory perceptions found in military treatises and war chronicles, this article analyses the whole range of sonic interaction between townsmen and soldiers, and stresses the uses of sound to produce fear, force negotiation, and express joy over victories. It also reveals how war sounds affected the pattern of communications in the Low Countries and the responses of local inhabitants to the conflicts. The increasing intensity of war sounds was not merely a by-product of firearms. War sounds were integrated in early modern culture and affected the lives of numerous people, they modified the perception of civic life and helped redefine the boundaries of religious and communal identities.","PeriodicalId":44713,"journal":{"name":"European History Quarterly","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143818956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-18DOI: 10.1177/02656914251323821
Andreea Kaltenbrunner
With the disintegration of the Russian Empire, Romania annexed Bessarabia, a region on its eastern border, in 1918. The integration of the new region was implemented through a centralized process in which the security forces played a significant role. This article examines the beginnings of the Romanian police in Bessarabia, the main security force in its urban areas, focusing on the development of the police and its workforce. It presents a case study of one of the 14 police stations Romania opened there, focusing on the career of a former tsarist policeman and his various attempts to join the new police force. In this way, this study contributes to a better understanding of the role law enforcement played in building a homogenized Romanian nation-state, an issue that has been poorly researched. Relying on archival documents of the tsarist and Romanian administrations and building upon studies on police history which have tried to determine the degree of centralization of the new police systems, as well as using studies on post-imperial administrations that discuss the strategies the new states applied to integrate former imperial structures, I demonstrate that Romania built the police in Bessarabia from scratch and with the army's help. It selected its police workforce centrally and regarded loyalty as a key qualification. This was achieved not by selecting employees from among former tsarist civil servants or the local population, but by importing policemen from pre-1918 Romania. The beginnings of the Romanian police in Bessarabia reveal an institution in the making, conceived mostly as a career springboard for civil servants from other parts of the country, an institution that also sought to be independent from the army troops stationed there.
{"title":"Becoming Romanian: The Transition of a Former Tsarist Policeman (1908–1925)","authors":"Andreea Kaltenbrunner","doi":"10.1177/02656914251323821","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02656914251323821","url":null,"abstract":"With the disintegration of the Russian Empire, Romania annexed Bessarabia, a region on its eastern border, in 1918. The integration of the new region was implemented through a centralized process in which the security forces played a significant role. This article examines the beginnings of the Romanian police in Bessarabia, the main security force in its urban areas, focusing on the development of the police and its workforce. It presents a case study of one of the 14 police stations Romania opened there, focusing on the career of a former tsarist policeman and his various attempts to join the new police force. In this way, this study contributes to a better understanding of the role law enforcement played in building a homogenized Romanian nation-state, an issue that has been poorly researched. Relying on archival documents of the tsarist and Romanian administrations and building upon studies on police history which have tried to determine the degree of centralization of the new police systems, as well as using studies on post-imperial administrations that discuss the strategies the new states applied to integrate former imperial structures, I demonstrate that Romania built the police in Bessarabia from scratch and with the army's help. It selected its police workforce centrally and regarded loyalty as a key qualification. This was achieved not by selecting employees from among former tsarist civil servants or the local population, but by importing policemen from pre-1918 Romania. The beginnings of the Romanian police in Bessarabia reveal an institution in the making, conceived mostly as a career springboard for civil servants from other parts of the country, an institution that also sought to be independent from the army troops stationed there.","PeriodicalId":44713,"journal":{"name":"European History Quarterly","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143653932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-18DOI: 10.1177/02656914251327299
Jérémy Filet, Stephen Griffin
Baron Wolfgang Jacobus Forstner von Breitenfels was envoy to Duke Leopold I of Lorraine (1697–1729) at the court of Queen Anne of Britain and Ireland (1665–1714) between 1710 and 1713. Using Forstner's unexamined papers, this article explores Lorrain perceptions of Britain during the twilight of Anne's reign. As a monarch's political decisions were influenced by the correspondence of their representatives and the quality of the information they received, the article examines how Forstner's correspondence affected Leopold's decision making. It argues that the relationship between Anne and Leopold was shaped by Forstner's impressions of Anne, her court, and ministers. Forstner's reports on the state of Jacobitism in England misled Leopold into believing that Anne's ministry advocated the restoration of her half-brother: James Francis Edward Stuart (1688–1766). As a result, James was welcomed in Lorraine between 1713 and 1716 - three years that were crucial for the preparation of the Jacobite Rising of 1715.
{"title":"Much Ado About Nothing? Baron Forstner and Anglo-Lorrain Relations, 1710–1715","authors":"Jérémy Filet, Stephen Griffin","doi":"10.1177/02656914251327299","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02656914251327299","url":null,"abstract":"Baron Wolfgang Jacobus Forstner von Breitenfels was envoy to Duke Leopold I of Lorraine (1697–1729) at the court of Queen Anne of Britain and Ireland (1665–1714) between 1710 and 1713. Using Forstner's unexamined papers, this article explores Lorrain perceptions of Britain during the twilight of Anne's reign. As a monarch's political decisions were influenced by the correspondence of their representatives and the quality of the information they received, the article examines how Forstner's correspondence affected Leopold's decision making. It argues that the relationship between Anne and Leopold was shaped by Forstner's impressions of Anne, her court, and ministers. Forstner's reports on the state of Jacobitism in England misled Leopold into believing that Anne's ministry advocated the restoration of her half-brother: James Francis Edward Stuart (1688–1766). As a result, James was welcomed in Lorraine between 1713 and 1716 - three years that were crucial for the preparation of the Jacobite Rising of 1715.","PeriodicalId":44713,"journal":{"name":"European History Quarterly","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143653934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-18DOI: 10.1177/02656914251323829
Talitha Ilacqua
When the First Carlist War (1833–1840) broke out in Spain between the queen regent María Cristina, supported by the liberals, and the absolutist pretender Don Carlos, French legitimists portrayed it as a clash of civilizations between absolutism and liberalism. As supporters of the eldest branch of the Bourbon dynasty who had governed France from 1589 to 1792 and then again from 1814–1815 to 1830, legitimists had been ousted from power by the July Revolution in 1830. Three years later, they regarded Don Carlos's mission to regain the Spanish throne as their latest hope for the restoration of absolutism in France and Europe. Although historians have largely portrayed the 1830s as a decade in which legitimists had little say in politics, the liveliness of the French legitimist press during the First Carlist War reveals that legitimists were far from quiet. Their support of Don Carlos contributed to the definition of a coherent set of reactionary ideas, which contributed to making legitimism a credible political alternative in the second half of the nineteenth century.
{"title":"French Legitimists and Spanish Carlists: Transnational Ultra-Conservative Solidarity During Spain's First Carlist War, 1833–1840","authors":"Talitha Ilacqua","doi":"10.1177/02656914251323829","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02656914251323829","url":null,"abstract":"When the First Carlist War (1833–1840) broke out in Spain between the queen regent María Cristina, supported by the liberals, and the absolutist pretender Don Carlos, French legitimists portrayed it as a clash of civilizations between absolutism and liberalism. As supporters of the eldest branch of the Bourbon dynasty who had governed France from 1589 to 1792 and then again from 1814–1815 to 1830, legitimists had been ousted from power by the July Revolution in 1830. Three years later, they regarded Don Carlos's mission to regain the Spanish throne as their latest hope for the restoration of absolutism in France and Europe. Although historians have largely portrayed the 1830s as a decade in which legitimists had little say in politics, the liveliness of the French legitimist press during the First Carlist War reveals that legitimists were far from quiet. Their support of Don Carlos contributed to the definition of a coherent set of reactionary ideas, which contributed to making legitimism a credible political alternative in the second half of the nineteenth century.","PeriodicalId":44713,"journal":{"name":"European History Quarterly","volume":"183 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143653933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-17DOI: 10.1177/02656914251324116
José María Serrano-Sanz, Marcela Sabaté-Sort
This article studies the failure of the Spanish-German treaty signed in 1893. The examination of the process that led to its derailment in the Spanish senate contributes to the historiography in the following ways. First, the composition of the executive that promoted the agreement illustrates the fragility of the protectionist agro-industrial coalition, as shown for Germany, in late-nineteenth century Spain. Second, the non-ratification of this treaty qualifies the idea of an inactive Spanish Parliament, where policymaking was immune to the demands of pressure groups. Third, the new tactic implemented to hamper the treaty's ratification shows how Spain, even without a clear separation of powers in its political system, could resort to legislative practices which enabled Parliament to curtail the executive action. Finally, the German reaction to the eventual lack of ratification constitutes a good illustration of the new Chancellor Caprivi's strategy, which was the opposite of Bismarck's, in the field of international relations.
{"title":"Politics, Economic Interests and Filibustering: The Failure of the Spanish-German Treaty (1893)","authors":"José María Serrano-Sanz, Marcela Sabaté-Sort","doi":"10.1177/02656914251324116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02656914251324116","url":null,"abstract":"This article studies the failure of the Spanish-German treaty signed in 1893. The examination of the process that led to its derailment in the Spanish senate contributes to the historiography in the following ways. First, the composition of the executive that promoted the agreement illustrates the fragility of the protectionist agro-industrial coalition, as shown for Germany, in late-nineteenth century Spain. Second, the non-ratification of this treaty qualifies the idea of an inactive Spanish Parliament, where policymaking was immune to the demands of pressure groups. Third, the new tactic implemented to hamper the treaty's ratification shows how Spain, even without a clear separation of powers in its political system, could resort to legislative practices which enabled Parliament to curtail the executive action. Finally, the German reaction to the eventual lack of ratification constitutes a good illustration of the new Chancellor Caprivi's strategy, which was the opposite of Bismarck's, in the field of international relations.","PeriodicalId":44713,"journal":{"name":"European History Quarterly","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143635665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-23DOI: 10.1177/02656914241308038d
Stefan Messingschlager
{"title":"Book Review: Kennan: A Life between Worlds by Frank Costigliola","authors":"Stefan Messingschlager","doi":"10.1177/02656914241308038d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02656914241308038d","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44713,"journal":{"name":"European History Quarterly","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143026643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-23DOI: 10.1177/02656914241308038j
R. J. B. Bosworth
{"title":"Book Review: After the Fall: The Legacy of Fascism in Rome’s Architectural and Urban History by Flavia Marcello","authors":"R. J. B. Bosworth","doi":"10.1177/02656914241308038j","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02656914241308038j","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44713,"journal":{"name":"European History Quarterly","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143026640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-23DOI: 10.1177/02656914241308038g
Paul Douglas Lockhart
{"title":"Book Review: The History of Iceland by Guðni Thorlacius Jóhannesson","authors":"Paul Douglas Lockhart","doi":"10.1177/02656914241308038g","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02656914241308038g","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44713,"journal":{"name":"European History Quarterly","volume":"74 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143026639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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